JP6541230B2 - Method of producing oil-water fusion fuel - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing an oil-water blended fuel (hereinafter referred to as a water-based fuel) in which an additive and water improved by a natural or artificial ore or the like are added to an additive and natural or artificial ore fuel oil.

In recent years, the prevention of global warming has become a global issue, and various proposals have been made, in particular, for techniques for reducing carbon dioxide (CO ² ) emitted by consumption of fossil fuels.

Under these circumstances, we have reconsidered the hydrofuel technology, which is produced by mixing conventional fuel oil, water and surfactant, as a method to expect reduction in environmental impact and cost while making use of the features of fossil fuel. As such prior art, there is one described in Patent Document 1 below.

In this technique of Patent Document 1, a natural or artificial ore is brought into contact with oil water to which an enzyme is added, and at the same time, it is stirred and mixed while giving ultrasonic vibration, and the fuel oil and water stirred and mixed are further heated to 30 ° C to 150 ° C. And a pressure of 1.5 to 20 atm. According to this manufacturing method, the oil-water separation phenomenon of the emulsion fuel having a water content of 50% or more can be prevented, and the oil-water can be highly fused to be transparent even in the emulsion state, and a stable high calorie fuel is realized.

Patent No. 4682287 gazette

However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, there is a limit to the time period in which the oil-water separation phenomenon can be prevented, and the oil-water separation phenomenon may occur after two to three months. In addition, there is a problem that the degree of transparency of the water-mixed fuel is lower than that of the oil.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and the purpose thereof is that it does not separate into water and oil again once synthesized, and it is high in transparency and indistinguishable from ordinary oil. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a water-mixed fuel.

That is, in order to achieve the above object, the method for producing a water-mixed fuel according to the present invention comprises fragmenting and ionizing a water molecular assembly in a method for producing a water-mixed fuel by mixing fuel oil and water to form a water-mixed fuel. An ionization process,
Desirably, an additive introducing step of adding an enzyme having surfactant activity, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium, magnesium chloride, magnesium, an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide as an additive to water;
A stirring and mixing step of mixing fuel oil into the mixing tank and mixing and stirring the ionized additive-added water while circulating the fuel oil by the mixer;
The present invention is characterized by including a coalescing step of repeating the stirring and mixing step in a state where a temperature of 40 ° C. to 80 ° C. and an atmospheric pressure of 1.5 to 9 Pa are added to the stirred and mixed fuel oil and water.

In this method, the molecular assembly of water is greatly improved by the above-mentioned ionization step and additive addition step, so that the affinity with the fuel oil is improved, and the fuel oil can be increased.

In the ionization step, water can be irradiated with ultrasonic waves of 15 kHz to 60 kHz and can be irradiated with ultrasonic waves of 200 kHz or more.
In addition, in this ionization step, the molecular assembly of water can be subdivided by adding porous membrane emulsification technology such as SPG membrane emulsification technology to water.
Further, in the additive injection step, the enzyme may be added in an amount of 0.004% by weight to 2% by weight based on the volume of each of the fuel oil and water, or the sodium hydroxide may be added to the water The amount may be less than 0.001% by weight to 0.1% by weight, and the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution may be added less than 0.001% by weight to 0.1% by weight with respect to water.

According to the present invention, according to the above-mentioned configuration, once synthesized, it does not separate into water and oil again, and it is possible to realize a water fuel which is high in transparency and indistinguishable from ordinary oil. In addition, the hydrogenated fuel of the present invention has the same or higher calorific value per unit amount as that of the existing fuel oil, and further deterioration or corrosion of the combustion chamber, exhaust pipe, etc. after combustion, as compared with the existing fuel oil. Has the effect of In addition, the water-mixed fuel of the present invention has various effects such as excellent incombustibility, less carbon monoxide production, and low carbon dioxide emissions.

It is a flowchart explaining the manufacturing method of the water-containing fuel which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the apparatus for adding the film | membrane emulsification technique to the water used in the said embodiment. It is a graph which shows the relative volume of SPG used in the said embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows roughly the manufacturing apparatus for enforcing the manufacturing method of atomic carbon which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 is a flow chart for explaining a method of producing a water-based fuel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the method for producing a water-mixed fuel according to the present invention comprises an ionization step 1 for fragmenting water molecular assemblies, and an additive addition step 2 for charging an additive into water. A stirring and mixing step 3 in which water and fuel oil (hereinafter simply referred to as oil) are mixed and stirred; and a coalescing step 4 in which the water and oil are mixed.

Ionization Step In the ionization step 1, the molecular assembly of water serving as a raw material is subdivided by various methods. The first method is to fragment water molecular assemblies by irradiating water with ultrasonic waves. In this method, a porous ionizable substance, a natural or artificial ore, and an ion generating material are put in water, and the material is brought into contact with water in accordance with the convection of water. Thereafter, the generation of natural or artificial ore and ions is activated by irradiating ultrasonic waves. The redox potential ORP (mV) of water obtained by irradiation with this ultrasonic wave is preferably 100 mV to -900 mV. By the way, the redox potential ORP (mV) of normal tap water is generally 500 mV to 600 mV. In the step of irradiating ultrasonic waves, two irradiation operations of a step of irradiating ultrasonic waves of 10 kHz to 60 kHz and a step of irradiating ultrasonic waves of 200 kHz or more are performed. And when this ultrasonic wave is irradiated, oxygen is released and the hydrogen content ratio is improved.
Examples of the above natural or artificial ore include pyrite, marcasite, borax, galena, marcasite, halogenated minerals, fluorite, cryolite, tourmaline, obsidian, magnesium, calcite, urexite (televite), colemanite, There can be mentioned borax, howlite, gypsum, barite, celestite, phosphoash uranite, carnotite, vermiculite, black sand gold stone, barley stone, quartz and the like.
The particle size of the above natural or artificial ore can be appropriately determined according to the size at which sufficient functions of various materials can be obtained, and it is 1 to 5 mm, 5 to 10 mm, taking account of ease of handling, etc. It is desirable to select from the range of 10 to 20 mm, 20 to 40 mm, 30 to 50 mm and the like.
In addition, the addition of an enzyme having surface activity, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium, magnesium chloride, magnesium, an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide as an additive to this water, the oxidation reduction of water The potential (ORP) is preferably in the range of minus 000 mV to -900 mV.
As the above-mentioned enzyme having a surfactant activity, amylase, catalase, glucoamylase, cellulase and the like can be suitably used.
As additives, natural ore, for example, minerals poured out from granite etc. can be used. The following may be used as the added mineral component in this case and the individual substance to be added.
For example, calcium, phosphorus, silicon, magnesium, sodium, selenium, zinc, vanadium, germanium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, copper, tungsten, cobalt, lithium, barium, iron, potassium, aluminum, rubidium, titanium, etc. is there.

As a second method of fragmenting the molecular assembly of water, there is a method of adding a porous membrane emulsification technology such as SPG (Shirasu Porous Glass) membrane emulsification technology to water. In addition, although this example demonstrates the example which used said SPG as a material used for a porous membrane emulsification technique, the other porous material which has an equivalent property can also be used. The SPG membrane emulsification is an emulsification method in which the dispersed phase liquid is extruded at a constant pressure through the SPG membrane to sequentially disperse as continuous particles in the continuous phase liquid slowly flowing on the extruded side. . The method performs a fragmentation step using an SPG membrane module before and after the water sonication step.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an apparatus for emulsifying water. The membrane emulsification apparatus 10 includes an apparatus main body 11 forming a housing, an SPG film 12 disposed in the apparatus main body 11, and a cap 13 detachably attached to one end (left end in FIG. 2) of the apparatus main body 11. A sleeve 14 attached to the cap 13, a cap 15 detachably attached to the other end (right end in FIG. 2) of the apparatus main body 11, and a sleeve 16 attached to the cap 15. The device body 11 has a cylindrical structure with both ends open as a whole, and the SPG film 12 extends longitudinally inside the cylinder and is installed with a gap 17 between it and the inner wall of the cylinder. Further, O-rings 18 and 19 are respectively attached to both end portions of the SPG film 12, and when the caps 13 and 15 are attached to the device body 11, the O-rings 18 and 19 are respectively attached to the inner end face of the device body 11. It is crimped to keep the inside of the cylinder airtight. In FIG. 2, the left cap 13 is shown disengaging from the apparatus main body 11, and the right cap 15 is shown screwed to the apparatus main body 11 or the like. The sleeves 14 and 16 have a female screw structure and are screwed to other members. A lateral hole 20 and a lateral hole 21 are respectively provided near both ends of the device main body 11, and the cylinder inside and the outside of the device main body 11 are communicated with each other. This film emulsification apparatus 10 can be used in any scenes such as SPG film emulsification and SPG film bubbling.

An example of the specifications of the SPG membrane emulsification apparatus 10 is as follows.
Model number MD10L125 (or MD05L125): Device manufactured by spg Techno Co., Ltd. External dimensions (body diameter x length mm) φ 25 x L 160 φ 25 x L 160
Specification of SPG film (outside diameter × length mm) φ 10 × L 125 φ 05 × L 125
Material SUS303

SPG can be applied as a functional glass because it has countless uniform pores of micron size and its pore size can be designed in a wide range from nano unit to micron unit. As a method of producing this SPG, silas lime and boric acid are added, and a base glass of SPG is synthesized and formed at a temperature of around 1350 ° C. When this is heated, a phenomenon called "phase separation" occurs in the delicate structure of the glass. Since CaO · B ₂ O ₃ is a component which is easily dissolved in acid, it becomes a glass porous body having Al ₂ O ₃ · SiO ₂ based glass as a skeleton which dissolves when treated with hydrochloric acid or the like and does not dissolve in acid. It is. SPG can be applied to the fields of separation membranes, adsorbents, anticancer agents such as pharmaceuticals, foods, cosmetics and the like.

Examples of features of SPG include the following.
● There are innumerable precisely controlled through pores.
The pore size can be designed in a wide range from 1 to 100,000 micro holes (0.05 μm) to 1/50 (20 μm) relatively macro pores.
Surface chemical modification makes it possible to hydrophilize or hydrophobize the surface and introduce various organic functional groups.
● Despite being porous, mechanical strength is very high, and heat resistance and heat insulation are excellent.
● Not affected by most reagents except strong alkali and hydrofluoric acid.
● Not affected by mold and bacteria.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relative volume (unit: vol%) of SPG having a pore diameter of 1.45 μm and a porosity of 56% as an example. From this figure it can be seen that SPG has a relative volume of approximately 100%.

In the SPG film emulsification operation, the dispersed phase liquid (water in the present embodiment) is applied from the side hole 20 to the side hole 21 of the film emulsification device 10 (or in the opposite direction) through the SPG film 12 Do by pushing out. This operation is an emulsification method in which uniform particles are dispersed one after another in the continuous phase liquid slowly flowing on the side to be extruded. In particular, this method is called "direct membrane emulsification" and can produce a particle size 3 to 4 times the SPG pore size. It is also possible to use an emulsification method (permeable membrane emulsification method) in which the coarse mixture liquid of the dispersed phase / continuous phase is permeated through the SPG membrane 12 at once in order to make the particle diameter uniform to some extent. By using the above-described membrane emulsification device 10, ionization and water fragmentation are promoted.

Additive Loading Step Next, the additive loading step will be described. In the additive charging step, a plurality of additives are charged (added) to the ionized water. An enzyme is added as a first additive. The addition of an enzyme can fully function as an additive at an addition amount of 0.004 to 0.1% by weight with respect to water, but a larger ratio may be sufficient, and a maximum of about 1.0% is appropriate It is. The enzyme may be added to water or oil, or both.

As a second additive, NaOH (sodium hydroxide) is added to water. The addition of sodium hydroxide sufficiently functions as an additive at an addition amount of less than 0.001 wt% to 0.1 wt% with respect to water.
As a third additive, an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution is added to water. The addition of the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution sufficiently functions as an additive at an addition amount of less than 0.001 wt% to 0.1 wt% with respect to water. The method of adding each additive is carried out by charging the additive into a container or tank capable of being stirred after the ionization step in which the ionization and water fragmentation have been performed as described above, and performing the stirring and mixing operation.

Stirring and mixing step Next, the stirring and mixing step will be described. In this stirring and mixing step, the water is mixed with the oil after the addition of the ionized ion as described above. The operation is performed as follows. First, only the oil is charged into the stirred mixing tank and this oil is circulated through the stirred mixing tank OHR mixer. The ionized, additive-added water is added and mixed little by little and fused there. The pressure to the OHR mixer at that time needs 3 atmospheres or more. The temperature of the OHR mixer is set at 15 ° C to 80 ° C.

Fusion Process Next, the fusion process will be described. In this fusion step, the water and oil after agitation and mixing are fused as described above. The operation is performed as follows. That is, while heating (40 ° C. to 80 ° C.) and pressurization (1.5 Pa or more and 20 Pa or less) are added, the stirring and mixing process is repeatedly performed on the mixed oil and water. The hydrous fuel thus obtained is never separated into water and oil, and functions as a liquid fuel.

Second Embodiment
As a method different from the ionization step 1 in the first embodiment, condensed mineral extracted from natural ore is added to water as a raw material. The addition of ore minerals containing a plurality of fine components also promotes the ionization and makes the water finer. This ore mineral can be selected as one of the effective means of ionizing water, since it has an action to promote the effect of oxygen deprivation to provide water refinement, ionization, and calorific value. In addition, the water produced | generated as mentioned above has electroconductivity by addition of an ore mineral, although water does not usually carry out electricity.
Then, by adding condensed minerals extracted from natural ore to water as a raw material, it is possible to sufficiently promote the ionization of water without irradiating the ultrasonic wave, the ionization process by the irradiation of the ultrasonic wave Can be omitted.

Third Embodiment
Next, a method for producing a water-based fuel according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The method for producing a water-mixed fuel according to this embodiment is also implemented in the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG. However, in the third embodiment, negative ion water generated by atomic carbon is used as water to be a raw material. Since this negative ion water is in an ionized state itself, the ionization step in the first and second embodiments can be omitted, and the production efficiency of the water fuel can be improved. Negative ion water mixes and stirs the powder of atomic carbon, and water, and is produced | generated through a filtration process after that. Therefore, this operation process can be considered as the ionization process of the present invention, and thus the negative ion water generated in this way may be mixed with water as a separately prepared raw material. Moreover, although it does not supply with normal water, it has the property that negative ion water can be supplied with current.

Here, a method and apparatus for producing atomic carbon used to generate negative ion water in the present embodiment will be described with reference to the attached drawings. FIG. 4: is sectional drawing which shows roughly an example of the manufacturing apparatus for enforcing the manufacturing method of atomic carbon which concerns on this Embodiment. This manufacturing apparatus is provided with an air tight chamber 29 which does not enter air, and a pipeline having a nitrogen injection on-off valve 22 and a pyrolysis gas discharge on-off valve 23. A heater 24 for raising the temperature to a predetermined temperature is incorporated inside the manufacturing apparatus. Furthermore, it comprises a cartridge 25 for taking out carbon having the same atmosphere (nitrogen atmosphere) as the airtight chamber 29, an organic material, and a table 26. The cartridge 25 is removable from the airtight chamber 29. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 27 denotes an organic material of the hermetic chamber 29 and a shutter provided at the entrance of the table 26. When closed, the hermetic chamber 29 is kept airtight or in a nitrogen atmosphere. Reference numeral 28 denotes a lid or an open / close door provided on the cartridge 25. When closed, the cartridge 25 is kept airtight or in a nitrogen atmosphere.

Next, in order to produce atomic carbon according to the present embodiment, first, raw materials (wood, organic matter such as bamboo) are placed in the base 26 and loaded (pushed) into the airtight chamber 29 in which the heater 24 is incorporated. Next, nitrogen is injected from the nitrogen injection on-off valve 22. At the same time, the air inside is discharged from the pyrolysis gas discharge on-off valve 23 to make the inside of the airtight chamber 29 and the cartridge 25 nitrogen atmosphere and heated by the heater 24. In the first stage, since the raw material contains water, the temperature is maintained at 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. (temperature close to 150 ° C. is preferable), the water is sufficiently vaporized, and the vaporized water is discharged out of the airtight chamber 29. At the same time, it is desirable that the same amount of nitrogen be injected from the nitrogen injection on-off valve 22 so that the inside of the airtight chamber 29 is always in a state where the organic material as the raw material is not oxidized, ie, an airtight nitrogen atmosphere. Furthermore, the raw material in a completely dried state is heated using the heater 24 and sequentially raised to 350 ° C. to 450 ° C. to thermally decompose the components contained in the raw material. It is necessary that all raw material components generated up to 450 ° C. be discharged out of the airtight room, and nitrogen is injected each time to keep an inert atmosphere. Then, the component bonded to carbon in the raw material is released leaving carbon, and atomic carbon according to the present embodiment which does not vaporize at 450 ° C. remains. Here, as a characteristic of carbon, an allotrope that is crystallized with inorganic carbon and becomes inorganic, that is, an excitation energy to be graphitized requires a high temperature of 450 ° C. or more. Therefore, it is necessary to set the atomic carbon in the present embodiment to 450 ° C. or less at which graphite is not formed. After that, the heater 24 is stopped and low temperature nitrogen is injected from the nitrogen injection on-off valve 22. At the same time, the high-temperature nitrogen gas inside is released from the pyrolysis gas discharge on-off valve 23 to make the inside of the airtight chamber 29 and the cartridge 25 50 After cooling to about 100 ° C. to 100 ° C., atomic carbon is moved from the airtight chamber 29 to the cartridge 25 together with the base 26, and the lid 28 of the cartridge 25 is closed to keep the inside of the cartridge 25 in nitrogen atmosphere. Leave the closed room 29. The shutter 27 is closed also for the airtight chamber 29 to prepare for the next operation.

The remaining carbon consists of ultrafine particles in a state in which one carbon atom (ie, simple substance) or carbon atoms are linked in a chain form of 2 to 5 to 10 or so, and these ultrafine particles irregularly mutually Aggregated non-crystalline atomic carbon can be obtained. Furthermore, after atomic carbon completes each process, it is necessary to seal and store the cartridge 25 while maintaining the nitrogen atmosphere which does not oxidize carbon, in order to maximize the use ability as a material. Since atomic carbon stored in the cartridge 25 does not come in contact with air, it does not combine with oxygen or other substances. Then, atomic carbon which does not combine with oxygen or other substances is pulverized as necessary to form particles or ultrafine particles. Pulverization of atomic carbon may be performed in any manufacturing process after the atomic carbon is obtained, for example, in a process before being housed in a sealed state in the cartridge 26 in the airtight chamber 29 at 450 ° C. or less It can be ground to very fine particle sizes in an inert atmosphere. Alternatively, after cooling to about 50 ° C. to 100 ° C., it may be crushed to an extremely fine particle size in the inert atmosphere in the airtight chamber 1. Furthermore, after the above-mentioned cooling, the cartridge 26 may be housed and transported in a sealed state, and may be crushed by a grinder. The above-mentioned atomic carbon itself is an atomic form consisting of one or several carbon atoms and is not combined with oxygen or other substances, so when mixed with water, it is highly reactive with highly negative ion water (PH is 11 or more).

In the present invention, the hydrous fuel obtained by mixing the oil and the improved water, once synthesized, never separates into water and oil, and has high transparency and characteristics that are indistinguishable from ordinary oils. It is useful on the effective use of fossil fuels.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ionization process 2 additive injection process 3 stirring mixing process 4 fusion process 10 film emulsification apparatus 11 apparatus main body 12 SPG film 13, 15 cap 14, 16 sleeve 17 gap 18, 19 O ring 20, 21 side hole 22 nitrogen injection on-off valve 23 Pyrolysis gas exhaust on-off valve 24 heater 25 cartridge 26 stand 27 shutter 28 lid 29 airtight chamber

Claims (9)

In a method of producing a water-mixed fuel, wherein fuel oil and water are mixed to produce water-mixed fuel, an ionization step of fragmenting and ionizing a molecular assembly of water;
The fuel oil was poured into a stirred mixing tank, while circulating the fuel oil in a mixer, the ionized, and stirring and mixing step of stirring and mixing the introduced water below additive,
And a coalescing step of repeating the stirring and mixing step in a state where a temperature of 40 ° C. to 80 ° C. and an atmospheric pressure of 1.5 Pa to 20 Pa are added to the stirred and mixed fuel oil and water. Production method.
First additive Enzyme loading: 0.004 to 0.1% by weight to water
Second additive NaOH (sodium hydroxide) added amount: less than 0.001% by weight to 0.1% by weight to water
Third additive hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution addition amount: less than 0.001% by weight to 0.1% by weight to water In a method of producing a water-mixed fuel, wherein fuel oil and water are mixed to produce water-mixed fuel, an ionization step of fragmenting and ionizing a molecular assembly of water;
Additive feeding step of adding an enzyme, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium, hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution as an additive to water;
A stirring and mixing step of mixing fuel oil into the mixing tank and mixing and stirring the ionized additive-added water while circulating the fuel oil by the mixer;
A method for producing a water-mixed fuel comprising: a coalescing step of repeating a stirring and mixing step in a state where a temperature of 40 ° C. to 80 ° C. and an atmospheric pressure of 3 Pa are added to the stirred and mixed fuel oil and water. In the ionization step, water as the raw material is irradiated with ultrasonic waves of 10 kHz to 60 kHz, and the ultrasonic waves of 200 kHz or more are irradiated, and the molecular assembly of water is subdivided by performing two irradiation operations. The method for producing a water-mixed fuel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The method for producing a water-mixed fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the ionization step, a molecular assembly of water is subdivided by adding an SPG film emulsification technique to water as a raw material. . The method for producing a water-mixed fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the ionization step, condensed minerals extracted from natural ore are added to water as a raw material. 6. The negative ion water produced by mixing atomic carbon powder and water in the ionization step is used as a raw material or added to water as a raw material. The manufacturing method of the water-mixed fuel as described in any. The method according to claim 2, wherein the enzyme is added in an amount of 0.004% by weight to 2% by weight based on the volume of the fuel oil and water in the additive addition step. The method according to claim 2, wherein the sodium hydroxide is added in an amount of less than 0.001 wt% to 0.1 wt% with respect to water in the additive injection step. The method according to claim 2, wherein the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution is added in an amount of less than 0.001 wt% to 0.1 wt% with respect to water in the additive injection step.

Images