JP6527857B2 - 配電グリッドにおける非技術的損失 - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
- G01R22/063—Details of electronic electricity meters related to remote communication
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Description
本願は、2013年6月13日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/834,567号の利益を主張し、その開示は、参照により、その全体が本明細書に援用される。
[発明の分野]
本発明は、配電を最適化するためのオングリッド通信のアプリケーションに関し、具体的には、サービス変圧器エリアネットワークにおいて発生する非技術的損失のリアルタイム識別及び位置特定に関する。
[発明の背景]
配電変電所は、高い送電線レベル(通常130kV〜700kV)から、配電サービスエリア内の需要家に電力が分配される中間電圧レベル(通常4kV〜約35kV)まで電圧を降圧する1つ又は複数の変電所変圧器を含む。配電グリッドのエッジにおいて、多数のサービス変圧器があり、サービス変圧器は、配電グリッドの中間電圧を、商業用、産業用、及び家庭用需要家にとって必要とされる低電圧(米国では、通常、120、208、240、277、又は480)に変換する。これらのうちのいくつかに加えて他の電圧は、世界の他の場所で使用され得る。各サービス変圧器は、1つ又は複数の被測定負荷に電力を供給する。負荷は、住宅、商業用又は産業用建物、例えば一連の街路灯等の地方自治体のインフラストラクチャの要素、又は、例えば灌漑システム等の農業用装置である可能性がある。
[発明の概要]
本発明は、改ざん箇所が特定のサービス変圧器の低圧側で起こったと判定され得るように、電力窃盗をリアルタイム又はほぼリアルタイムに検出及び報告するための装置及び方法である。メータ改ざんの場合、関係する特定の1つ又は複数のメータが識別され得る。本発明は、サービス送出箇所における変圧器(サービス変圧器)の器具類を必要としない。測定を実施して、測定結果を収集し、収集されたデータを処理して、電力窃盗の証拠を発見する、全ての計器及びインテリジェントエージェントは、計器及びインテリジェンスがとにかく存在すると思われる場所で、電気メータに位置付けられる。これは、メータソケットが通常容易にアクセス可能である点で、また、スマートメータが、ソフトウェアエージェントをホストするためのメモリ及びプロセッサを既に含み、本発明の方法によって使用される測定の多くを行う機能を既に有するため、また、固有の計器、通信機能、及び/又はメモリ及び処理機能が本明細書に記載された方法をサポートするのに不十分である場合に、ほとんどのスマートメータが追加の回路基板を収容するように設計されるため、有利である。
空中電力線102を介して住宅103に接続された通常の単相柱上変圧器101を図示する図1を参照する。米国及び多くの他の場所において、これは、特に古いエリアにおいて一般的な構成である。住宅への電力線は、通常、屋根の軒に取り付けられ、電力線は、住宅103の外側にある導管内をメータ104まで下方に渡っている。図2は、対称的に、変圧器エリアについてのバストポロジを図示し、このバストポロジは、米国以外の世界の部分においてより一般的である。図2において、パッドマウント変圧器201は、住宅203、204、及び205に接続された直線状埋め込み線202を介してメータ206、207、及び208にそれぞれ接続する。このトポロジは、ヨーロッパ及び世界の他の場所で一般的である。一般的な設置は、図示するよりも多くのメータに対応し得る。すなわち、米国における単相変圧器当たりのメータの平均数は、約六(6)であるが、ヨーロッパの平均は数十である。図3は、一般的な米国の埋め込みケーブル設置を示し、パッドマウント変圧器301は、住宅303に至る埋め込みケーブル302を介してメータ304に放射状に接続される。これらの3つの基本的な構成は、産業用アプリケーション及び商業用アプリケーションについての小さな局所的な変形及び多相の変形によって、世界中のほとんどの配電ネットワークを表す。本発明は、本明細書において以下で教示されるように、3つ全てのこれらの一般的なトポロジに関する小さな変形によって働く。これを教示するため、3相変圧器の各相は、たとえ、第13/888,102号に記載されているように、3相変圧器エリアが単一TANとして実際に編成される可能性があっても、別個のTANとしてみなすことができるが、第13/888,102号では、TAN内の各ノード(例えば、リモート)の位相は知られており、TANからのエッジから変電所への送電は、送電が関係する位相上で送られる。
・2つのメータが2つの別個のTANの間で交換される場合、双方のTANは、新しいメータを発見したこと、及び、以前にTANの一部であったメータとの通信を喪失したことを報告してもよい。
・2つのメータが、メータの位相が反転されるように交換される場合、この変化を、グリッドマッピングエージェントによって報告してもよい。
・2つのメータが、同じTAN及び同じ位相内で切り換えられる場合、そして、TANがバスアーキテクチャを有する場合、双方のメータは、それら自体のサービス変圧器に関して変更された位置を有するものとして検出されることになり、これを、監視エージェントによって報告してもよい。
・メータが地理空間的位置信号を利用できる場合、メータ上のグリッドマッピングエージェントは位置の変化を報告してもよい。
Claims (7)
- 配電グリッドにおける電力の窃盗を検出するためのシステムであって、
サービス配電変圧器の低電圧側に接続されるように構成された第1の通信用メータであって、前記サービス配電変圧器の前記低電圧側にある第2の通信用メータと通信して変圧器エリアネットワークを形成するように構成された、第1の通信用メータを備え、
前記第1の通信用メータは、
前記第1の通信用メータにおける電流、電圧及び時間を周期的に測定及び記録するように構成された測定エージェントと、
監視エージェントであって、
測定電流、測定電圧、タイムスタンプ、及び前記第2の通信用メータを識別する固有の識別子を含む、前記第2の通信用メータからの送信を受信し、
前記第1の通信用メータにおける測定された電流に基づいて、第1の調整された電圧降下を判定し、
前記第2の通信用メータにおける測定された電流に基づいて、第2の調整された電圧降下を判定し、
前記第2の調整された電圧降下が前記第1の調整された電圧降下を所定の閾値分より上回ることを判定し、
前記第2の通信用メータを識別し且つ考えられる電力の窃盗を示すメッセージを、グリッドマップデータベースを利用できるデータセンタ内でホストされるソフトウェアアプリケーションを備える演算装置に送信するように構成された、監視エージェントと、
を備える、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記通信用メータは、リモートである、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
ワイドエリアネットワークを通じてメッセージを送信するように構成された少なくとも1つの前記通信用メータは、リモートハブである、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記変圧器エリアネットワークは、放射状トポロジを有する、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記変圧器エリアネットワークは、バストポロジを有する、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
グリッドマッピングエージェントは、前記変圧器エリアネットワークの少なくとも1つの通信用メータ上でホストされる、システム。 - 配電サービス変圧器の低電圧側で、未認可の非測定タップを検出するための方法であって、
プロセッサ装置を備え、前記配電サービス変圧器の低電圧側において配電グリッドに接続された第1の通信用メータによって、前記第1の通信用メータにおける電流、電圧、及びタイムスタンプを記録することと、
変圧器エリアネットワークを介して、前記第1の通信用メータにより、前記配電サービス変圧器の前記低電圧側において前記配電グリッドに接続された第2の通信用メータから、前記第2の通信用メータにおける電流、電圧、及びタイムスタンプを含む送信を受信することと、
前記第1の通信用メータにより、前記第1の通信用メータにおける測定された電流に基づいて、第1の調整された電圧降下を判定することと、
前記第1の通信用メータにより、前記第2の通信用メータにおける測定された電流に基づいて、第2の調整された電圧降下を判定することと、
前記第1の通信用メータにより、前記第2の調整された電圧降下が前記第1の調整された電圧降下を所定の閾値分より上回ることを判定することと、
前記第1の通信用メータにより、前記第2の通信用メータを識別し且つ考えられる電力の窃盗を示すワイドエリアメッセージを、データセンタにおける演算装置に送信することと、
を備える、方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201361834567P | 2013-06-13 | 2013-06-13 | |
US61/834,567 | 2013-06-13 | ||
PCT/US2014/042300 WO2014201348A1 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | Non-technical losses in a power distribution grid |
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JP2016523480A JP2016523480A (ja) | 2016-08-08 |
JP6527857B2 true JP6527857B2 (ja) | 2019-06-05 |
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US (2) | US10001514B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3008478A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6527857B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105474021A (ja) |
AU (2) | AU2014277983B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2915066A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX357831B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014201348A1 (ja) |
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CA2915066A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
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AU2014277983A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
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