JP6524430B2 - Steam condenser - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a steam condenser that effectively cools steam fed into a vessel from a steam turbine, cylinder, etc., with cooling water flowing inside a large number of cooling water pipes provided in the vessel. is there.

  A condenser is an apparatus which cools the steam taken out of a turbine, a cylinder, etc. to reuse field temperature, such as a turbine. There are many types of condensers, depending on the arrangement structure of the cooling water pipes stored in the condenser, such as multi-tubular type, coil-type or spiral-type spiral type, fin type and the like. For example, in a multi-tube condenser in which a large number of cooling pipes are divided into several groups and arranged radially in a condensate container and a steam passage for guiding steam to the center of the pipe group is provided between the pipes. Since it flows while contacting the cooling water pipe, the cooling effect is large and the condensation effect is high. In addition, a condenser in which two cooling function bodies finished in a composite structure of a radiating part and a dense part in a cooling water pipe group are accommodated in a condensate container, the condensate for large-sized turbines is enhanced to achieve uniform condensation effect. Used for However, such a condenser-type condenser is manufactured as a complex structure that holds the steam flow passage in the narrow gap of the cooling water pipe group, and thus there is a problem in the construction for some reason When there was a problem that could not be easily repaired.

  From such a problem, it is easy to manufacture with a simple structure, and it is easy to repair a simple construction of a straight pipe type condenser with a cooling water pipe or a simple structure of a bending pipe condenser with a cooling water pipe processed into a U shape. Generally used from a lot. There are also many patent publications that use this type of condenser. For example, the condenser used in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 6-146810 “in a condenser equipped with a deaerator for removing dissolved oxygen from condensed water and makeup water introduced into the condenser” A multi-tube condenser having an airtight holding structure in which a partition member is provided between an upper space for accommodating a tube bundle for condensing steam and a lower space for storing condensed condensate. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-260375 discloses that “the condensate inlet pipe of the grand steam condenser used in the thermal power and nuclear power plant is provided with a check valve so that the condensate heated by the steam enters by natural convection. However, the condenser used in this apparatus is a U-shaped condenser, as disclosed in JP-A-9-273875. “We provide a steam turbine condensate system that condenses the steam discharged from the steam turbine, but the condensate system is an upper stage and a lower stage equipped with a large number of cooling water tubes in the axial flow exhaust condenser. And the condenser is a multi-tube type.

A condenser that is often used conventionally is, as described in the above-mentioned patent publication, a condensate apparatus having a simple structure that is easy to repair, in which a straight pipe or a U-shaped pipe is installed in a container. In order to rapidly cool larger volumes of steam and higher temperature steam in such a simple structure condenser, either a large number of cooling water pipes may be installed in the vessel or the cooling water flowing through the cooling water pipes Various cooling effects, such as increasing the flow rate of water, lowering the temperature of cooling water usually used (20 to 24 ° C average annual cooling water temperature), or using a cooling water pipe made of a material with excellent heat transfer performance Although improvement measures can be considered, the condenser used under high temperature and high pressure steam conditions has limited cooling effect, and has problems with maintenance management and high production cost.
Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 6-146810 JP-A-7-260375 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-27387

  The present inventors have further improved the steam cooling performance of a multi-tube condenser using a straight pipe or U-shaped pipe most frequently used today, and can be used as an accessory device of small power generation equipment for remote islands and remote areas. As a result of various investigations for the purpose of developing a water vessel, the steam fed into the vessel is a cooling vessel by erecting a guiding plate for downward flow of steam between the trays of the cooling water distribution pipe in the vessel. It flows so as to surround the circumferential surface of the cooling water distribution pipe built inside and also collides with the cooling water distribution pipe many times and flows while touching, so that even a small volume steam cooling container can be effectively cooled to low temperature. I found out.

The present invention is constructed based on this finding, and the gist of the present invention is a cooling water circulation chamber at both end side compartments formed by providing two compartment boards separately in an openable sealed container. The compartment between them is a steam flow chamber, and a cooling water inlet is provided on the lower side of the cooling water flow chamber separated on both ends, and a cooling water flow outlet is on the upper side and further separated on both ends Between the cooling water flow chambers, there is provided a flow passage for rising the cooling water in which one or a large number of cooling water flow pipes penetrating through the steam flow chambers are installed in a rack shape, and above the other steam flow chambers A condensate outlet is provided on the exhaust steam inlet or lower side, and a guide plate for steam downward flow shorter than the distance between opposing walls of the closed container facing each other between the shelf stages of the cooling water flow pipe described above Offset to the wall opposite to the direction and any inclination angle Which is a steam condenser steam fed into the closed vessel is constituted by providing a vapor lowering tray passage to flow so as to surround the periphery of the cooling water distribution pipe and bridged shelf stepped put.

すなわち、表１の実験結果から明らかな様に、本発明による復水器の出口温度は２８〜７９℃で、比較用復水器の６３〜１７８℃に比べてかなり低い。この様な温度差が起こる理由は、流される蒸気が蒸気流通用誘導板によって冷却水流通用パイプに確実に接触していると同時に接触時間が長くなって流動する原因にあると考えられる。また本発明は、冷却容器の容積の大きさを変える事なく、蒸気下流流通用誘導板の架設枚数を加減する事によって手洗用や浴槽用や医療用器具の消毒用など必要とする温度に調節する事ができる特長がある。The present invention significantly enhances the steam condensation effect, that is, the heat exchange efficiency, simply by installing an induction plate for steam downward flow distribution at an arbitrary inclination angle in the cooling water pipe plate stage space of a conventional multi-tube condenser. There is an effect to improve. Table 1 compares and shows about the steam temperature drop degree of the condenser for the case of this invention which provided the induction | guidance | derivation board for steam descent | flow distribution between the cooling water pipe shelf steps of a condenser, and the case of not having.

That is, as apparent from the experimental results in Table 1, the outlet temperature of the condenser according to the present invention is 28 to 79 ° C., which is considerably lower than 63 to 178 ° C. of the comparative condenser. The reason why such a temperature difference occurs is considered to be that the flowing steam is in contact with the cooling water flow pipe reliably by the steam flow guiding plate, and at the same time the contact time is prolonged and flows. Furthermore, the present invention adjusts the temperature required for hand washing, for bathing, for disinfecting medical instruments, etc., by adjusting the number of erection plates of the steam downstream flow guiding plate without changing the size of the cooling container volume. There is a feature that can be done.

Hereinafter, the structure of the steam condenser of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a transparent perspective view of the main body, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. Show. 1 and 2, 1 is an openable sealed container provided with a lid or door (not shown) on the top or side. The shape and material of the closed container 1 are not particularly limited, and in general, a closed container having a rectangular cross-sectional shape is preferable, and it is preferable to use a metallic material which exhibits corrosion resistance to steam. Two compartment boards 2 are provided separately in the inside of the closed vessel 1 and compartments A formed at both ends are divided into compartments A as cooling water distribution chambers 3 and compartments B between them as steam distribution chambers 4 At the same time, the cooling water inlet 5 is provided at one lower side of the cooling water flow chamber 3 divided at both ends, and the cooling water outlet 6 is provided at the upper side. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the cooling water inlet 5 and the cooling water outlet 6 are provided on one side of the cooling water flow chamber 3. Further, between the cooling water flow chambers 3 separated at both ends, a cooling water rising flow passage C is formed by bridging one or a plurality of cooling water flow pipes 7 penetrating the steam flow chamber 4 in the form of a shelf. . That is, while the cooling water distribution chamber 3 flows in the cooling water distribution pipe 7 built with the cooling water flowing in from the cooling water inlet 5 on the lower side, and a part of the cooling water distribution chamber 7 flows directly without flowing through the cooling water distribution pipe 7 It is provided in a structure which flows out of the cooling water outlet 6 on the upper side while flowing. Further, in the present invention, the cooling water flowing in from the cooling water inlet 5 directly passes through the cooling water distribution chamber 3 without flowing through the cooling water distribution pipe 7 and is forcibly prevented from flowing into the cooling water outlet 6, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling water flow baffle plate 8 may be provided at an arbitrary height position in the cooling water flow chamber 3 if necessary.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the other steam flow chamber 4 is provided with an exhaust steam inlet 9 at the upper side and a condensate flow outlet 10 at the lower side, and the tray of the cooling water flow pipe 7 described above. A steam descent rack flow passage D is installed between the gaps, with the steam descent flow guide plate 11 shorter than the length between the opposed closed container walls offset to the wall opposite to the steam descent flow direction. Are configured. That is, the steam holding the high temperature heat which has flowed into the closed vessel 1 is in contact with the cooling water distribution pipe 7 in a long time, and is provided in a structure to be rapidly cooled. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the steam descending flow guiding plate 11 is installed at an arbitrary inclination angle in the flow direction of the steam. Furthermore, as for the guiding plate 11 for downward flow of steam, the flow velocity of the steam flowing in the closed vessel 1 is controlled by adjusting the inclination angle, and both ends are easy to obtain the required cooling temperature at the condensate outlet 10 It may be constructed in a seesaw structure which moves up and down. That is, the steam that has flowed into the closed vessel 1 from the exhaust steam inlet 9 on the upper side collides with the cooling water flow pipe 7 while flowing above the steam descending guide plate 11 and further turns around the wall of the closed vessel 1 In order to flow out from the condensate outlet 10 through a long distance steam descending tray stage flow passage D while causing the turbulent flow phenomenon, the cooling water flowing through the cooling water distribution pipe 7 is sufficiently cooled. Such effects can be clearly known from the experimental results of Table 1 described above.

  Since the steam condenser of the present invention configured as described above is used in the same operation method as a conventionally used condenser, it is used in all equipment requiring a condenser. It is a condenser.

  Since the steam condenser of the present invention has a simple structure and a very high steam cooling effect despite the small container, it has the potential to be used as a subsidiary device of small power generation equipment for remote islands and remote areas. Also in a large equipment using a large condenser, a condenser having the same structure as that of the present invention is considered to be more likely to be used in the future.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a perspective view of the body portion is shown in a shortened view. The XX sectional drawing of FIG. 1 is shown. The YY sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 1 is shown.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sealed container 2 section wall board 3 Cooling water distribution room 4 Steam distribution room 5 Cooling water inlet 6 Cooling water outlet 7 Cooling water distribution pipe 8 Cooling water flow baffle 9 Exhaust steam inlet 10 Condensing outlet 11 Guidance for steam downward flow Plate A Division Wall Chamber B Compartment C Cooling Water Upflow Passage D Steam Downing Shelf Stage Flow Passage

Claims (1)

The compartments (A) on both ends, which are formed by separating and forming two partition walls (2) in an openable sealed container (1), are used as a cooling water circulation chamber (3) and a compartment between them (B) is a steam flow chamber (4), and a cooling water flow inlet (5) is provided on one lower side of the cooling water flow chamber (3) separated on both ends, and a cooling water flow outlet (6 A cooling water distribution pipe (7) penetrating through the steam distribution chamber (4) between the cooling water distribution chambers (3) separated from each other at one or more ends thereof. A water rising flow passage (C) is provided, the exhaust steam inlet (9) is provided above the other steam flow chamber (4), and a condensate outlet (10) is provided below the other steam flow chamber. Between the shelf steps of the pipe (7), a steam descending induction plate (11) having a length shorter than the distance between the opposed closed container walls is used. The steam which is sent in the closed container (1) around the cooling water flow pipe (7) is erected in a rack shape with an arbitrary inclination angle with one side wall surface opposite to the downward flow direction. A steam condenser characterized in that it is constructed by providing a stage flow passage (D) for a downward flow of steam which flows to surround the.

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