JP2007098350A - Flash evaporation type water production device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、例えば海水から淡水を生産するのに用いられるフラッシュ蒸発型造水装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a flash evaporation type fresh water generator used for producing fresh water from seawater, for example.
従来より多段フラッシュ蒸留型造水装置は多種提案されているが、いずれも海水すなわちブラインを凝縮器の伝熱管内部に導入し、フラッシュ蒸発によって発生させた水蒸気を伝熱管外表面で冷却凝縮させて生産水としている（特許文献１〜５等参照）。
Many types of multistage flash distillation type fresh water generators have been proposed, but in each case, seawater, ie, brine, is introduced into the heat transfer tube of the condenser, and the water vapor generated by flash evaporation is cooled and condensed on the outer surface of the heat transfer tube. Production water is used (see
例えば、図３に示すように、ブラインは低温段から高温段にかけて直列に連結された複数の凝縮器(A1)…(An)を通り、その際に数℃ずつ昇温される。最高温の段の凝縮器(An)で冷却水として用いられたブラインは、この凝縮器(An)を出た後、加熱器(B) でトップブライン温度まで加熱され、次いで最高温段の蒸発室(C1)に導入され、順次減圧フラッシュしながら最低温段の蒸発室(Cn)まで流下し、装置外に排出される。この間に、各段においてフラッシュ蒸発によって発生された水蒸気は伝熱管外表面で冷却凝縮されて生産淡水として取り出される。 For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the brine passes through a plurality of condensers (A1)... (An) connected in series from the low temperature stage to the high temperature stage, and at that time, the temperature is increased by several degrees. The brine used as cooling water in the hottest stage condenser (An) exits the condenser (An) and is then heated in the heater (B) to the top brine temperature and then the hottest stage evaporation. It is introduced into the chamber (C1), flows down to the evaporation chamber (Cn) at the lowest temperature stage while being sequentially flushed under reduced pressure, and is discharged out of the apparatus. During this time, the water vapor generated by flash evaporation in each stage is cooled and condensed on the outer surface of the heat transfer tube and taken out as production fresh water.
上記従来技術では、管長と管径の比が大きく流体摩擦抵抗の非常に大きい凝縮器伝熱管の内部にブラインを流すために、大きな揚程の海水ポンプ(D) およびブライン循環ポンプ(E) が必要であって動力消費量が非常に大きく、加えて、大流量かつ高揚程のポンプは非常に大型で高価であるという問題があった。 In the above prior art, a large-pump seawater pump (D) and a brine circulation pump (E) are required to allow brine to flow inside the condenser heat transfer tube with a large ratio of pipe length to pipe diameter and very high fluid friction resistance. However, the power consumption is very large, and in addition, there is a problem that a pump having a large flow rate and a high head is very large and expensive.
近年、多段フラッシュ蒸留型造水装置はより大型化する傾向にあり、上記従来技術の問題点の解決が切望されている。
本発明の目的は、従来技術における上記のような問題を克服し、消費電力の小さいフラッシュ蒸留型造水装置を安価に提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-described problems in the prior art and to provide a flash distillation type fresh water generator with low power consumption at a low cost.
請求項１記載の発明は、
底部を流れるブラインが減圧フラッシュされて水蒸気が発生される蒸発室と、
蒸発室の上方に複数の凝縮伝熱管が配され、同伝熱管を上から臨むようにブライン散布装置が設けられた凝縮器とからなり、
複数の凝縮伝熱管の内側に上記水蒸気が通されて、同伝熱管外面を流下するブラインで水蒸気が冷却凝縮され、生産淡水とされる、
フラッシュ蒸発型造水装置である。
The invention described in
An evaporation chamber in which the brine flowing through the bottom is flashed under reduced pressure to generate water vapor;
A plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes are arranged above the evaporation chamber, and the condenser is provided with a brine spraying device so as to face the heat transfer tubes from above.
The water vapor is passed through the inside of the plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes, and the water vapor is cooled and condensed with brine flowing down the outer surface of the heat transfer tubes, to be produced fresh water.
It is a flash evaporation type fresh water generator.
請求項２記載の発明は、
蒸発室を２つ以上備えた多段フラッシュ蒸留型造水装置であって、隣接する段のうち低温段の流下ブライン溜と高温段のブライン散布装置とが揚水装置を介して接続され、低温段の流下ブラインが高温段の凝縮伝熱管の冷却に使用されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のフラッシュ蒸発型造水装置である。
The invention according to
A multi-stage flash distillation type fresh water generator having two or more evaporation chambers, wherein a low-temperature stage falling brine reservoir and a high-temperature stage brine spraying apparatus are connected to each other via a pumping device, The flash evaporative fresh water generator according to
本発明の構成によれば、上記構成をとることによって、熱回収を効率よく行うことができるとともに、従来技術よりもポンプ消費動力を大幅に低減することができ、これによって消費電力の小さいフラッシュ蒸留型造水装置を安価に提供することができる。 According to the configuration of the present invention, by adopting the above configuration, heat recovery can be efficiently performed, and the power consumption of the pump can be greatly reduced as compared with the prior art, thereby reducing the power consumption of flash distillation. A mold water generator can be provided at low cost.
以下に本発明の実施の形態に係る多段フラッシュ蒸発造水装置を図に基づき説明する。 Hereinafter, a multistage flash evaporative fresh water generator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
実施例１
図１において、多段フラッシュ蒸留型造水装置は、低温段から高温段にかけて（すなわち右側から左側にかけて）直列に連結されている複数の蒸発室(1) と、各蒸発室(1) の上方に設けられた左右一対の凝縮器(3) (3´) とから主として構成されている。各凝縮器(3) (3´) は、水平に配された複数の凝縮伝熱管(2) と、これら伝熱管(2) を上から臨むように設けられたブライン散布装置(4) とから主として構成されている。ブライン散布装置(4) は例えば多孔板、スプレーノズルなどで構成され、ブラインを複数の凝縮伝熱管(2) に均一に散布する。
Example 1
In FIG. 1, a multistage flash distillation type fresh water generator includes a plurality of evaporation chambers (1) connected in series from a low temperature stage to a high temperature stage (that is, from right to left), and above each evaporation chamber (1). It is mainly composed of a pair of left and right condensers (3) and (3 ') provided. Each condenser (3) (3´) is composed of a plurality of horizontally arranged condensing heat transfer tubes (2) and a brine spraying device (4) provided so as to face these heat transfer tubes (2) from above. It is mainly composed. The brine spraying device (4) is composed of, for example, a perforated plate, a spray nozzle, etc., and sprays the brine uniformly on the plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes (2).
上記構成の多段フラッシュ蒸留型造水装置において、各蒸発室(1) の底部を高温段から低温段に向かって流れるブラインが減圧フラッシュされて水蒸気が発生される。発生した水蒸気は、ワイヤーメッシュ、フック・アンド・ベーンなどで構成された汽水分離器(5) で液体を分離除去した後、凝縮器伝熱管(2) の内側に導入される。 In the multistage flash distillation type fresh water generator having the above configuration, the brine flowing from the high temperature stage to the low temperature stage in the bottom of each evaporation chamber (1) is flashed under reduced pressure to generate water vapor. The generated water vapor is separated and removed by a brackish water separator (5) composed of a wire mesh, hook and vane, etc., and then introduced into the condenser heat transfer tube (2).
各凝縮器(3) (3´) では、頂部にてブライン散布装置(4) からブラインが複数の凝縮伝熱管(2) に向けて散布され、同伝熱管外面を流下するブラインで、凝縮器伝熱管(2) 内を通る水蒸気が冷却され、凝縮水となる。得られた生産淡水は生産水受(10)に流下し、ここから生産水溜へ取り出される。 In each condenser (3) (3 ′), brine is sprayed from the brine spraying device (4) toward the plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes (2) at the top, and the condenser flows down the outer surface of the heat transfer tubes. The water vapor passing through the heat transfer tube (2) is cooled and becomes condensed water. The obtained production fresh water flows down to the production water receiver (10) and is taken out from here to the production water reservoir.
ここで凝縮されなかった水蒸気残部と非凝縮性ガスは、各段において左右の凝縮器伝熱管群の間に形成された垂直の通気路(9) を上行し、エジェクタ等の排出装置(7) によって系外に排出される。 The water vapor residue and non-condensable gas that have not been condensed here ascend the vertical ventilation path (9) formed between the left and right condenser heat transfer tube groups in each stage, and discharge devices such as ejectors (7) Is discharged outside the system.
一方、凝縮器伝熱管(2) に向けて散布され同管外面を流下しながら加熱されたブラインは、各凝縮器(3) (3´) の下に設けられたブライン溜(6) に集められる。隣接する段のうち、低温段の一対の凝縮器(3) (3´) の下のブライン溜(6) と高温段の一対の凝縮器(3) (3´) の上のブライン散布装置(4) とが、ポンプなどの揚水装置(8) を介して接続されており、低温段の流下ブラインが高温段のブライン散布装置から減圧フラッシュされ、高温段の凝縮伝熱管の冷却に使用される。 On the other hand, the brine sprayed toward the condenser heat transfer tube (2) and heated while flowing down the outer surface of the tube is collected in a brine reservoir (6) provided under each condenser (3) (3 ′). It is done. Among adjacent stages, a brine reservoir (6) below a pair of condensers (3) (3 ′) in a low temperature stage and a brine spraying device above a pair of condensers (3) (3 ′) in a high temperature stage ( 4) is connected via a pumping device (8) such as a pump, and the cold brine in the low temperature stage is flushed from the brine spray device in the high temperature stage under reduced pressure and used to cool the condensation heat transfer tubes in the high temperature stage. .
本発明は、上記構成によって、従来技術よりも安価な造水装置を実現できる。すなわち、ポンプ等の揚水装置の揚程は各段の蒸発室(1) 間の圧力差に相当する揚程とブライン散布装置(4) までの高さとの和になり、従来技術と比べて非常に小さな揚程でよい。ただし、各段にそれぞれブラインポンプを配置した場合には、ポンプのコストは従来技術よりも高くなることがあるが、複数の段の流下ブラインをまとめて高温側の複数段に供給する構成にすることにより、ポンプのコストを従来技術よりも小さくすることができる。さらに、この場合には従来技術と比較して運転動力も小さくなる。 With the above configuration, the present invention can realize a fresh water generator that is less expensive than the prior art. That is, the head of the pumping device is the sum of the head corresponding to the pressure difference between the evaporation chambers (1) of each stage and the height to the brine spraying device (4), which is very small compared to the conventional technology. The head is sufficient. However, when a brine pump is arranged at each stage, the cost of the pump may be higher than that of the prior art, but a configuration in which a plurality of stages of flowing brine are collectively supplied to a plurality of stages on the high temperature side. As a result, the cost of the pump can be reduced as compared with the prior art. Further, in this case, the driving power is reduced as compared with the prior art.
一方、装置各部の鋼材量は従来技術と比較して大幅に減少する。例えば、本発明の場合には管外／管内ともに薄い被膜による伝熱が行われるため、従来技術と比べて高い伝熱特性を得ることができ、そのため、伝熱面積（伝熱管鋼材量）を大幅に低減することができる。その他、ブラインの圧力が従来技術と比較して極端に低いので、管板、ブライン導管等の耐圧部鋼材の肉厚を大幅に薄くすることができる。 On the other hand, the amount of steel material in each part of the apparatus is greatly reduced as compared with the prior art. For example, in the case of the present invention, heat transfer by a thin coating is performed both outside and inside the tube, so that higher heat transfer characteristics can be obtained compared to the prior art, and therefore the heat transfer area (heat transfer tube steel amount) is reduced. It can be greatly reduced. In addition, since the pressure of the brine is extremely lower than that of the prior art, the thickness of the pressure resistant steel such as the tube sheet and the brine conduit can be greatly reduced.
実施例２
この実施例では、図２に示すように、各段において、左側の凝縮器(3) を構成する複数の凝縮伝熱管(2) は右側に向かって若干下り勾配で傾斜し、右側の凝縮器(3´) を構成する複数の凝縮伝熱管(2) は左側に向かって若干下り勾配で傾斜している。すなわち、左右の凝縮伝熱管(2) はこれらの間に形成された垂直の通気路(9) に向かって若干下行するように傾斜している。したがって、凝縮器伝熱管(2) 内で水蒸気の凝縮によって生じた生産淡水は各管の傾斜下端から容易に生産水受(10)に流下する。この実施例のその他の構成は実施例１と同じである。
Example 2
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, in each stage, the plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes (2) constituting the left condenser (3) are inclined slightly downward toward the right side, and the right condenser The plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes (2) constituting (3 ′) are inclined slightly downward toward the left side. That is, the left and right condensing heat transfer tubes (2) are inclined so as to descend slightly toward the vertical air passage (9) formed therebetween. Therefore, the production fresh water generated by the condensation of water vapor in the condenser heat transfer tube (2) easily flows down from the inclined lower end of each tube to the production water receiver (10). Other configurations of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
実施例３
この実施例では、図１において、右から左にすなわち低温段から高温段に直列に連結されている複数の凝縮室(1) から多段フラッシュ蒸留型造水装置が構成され、さらに同造水装置が前後方向にも多数配列されている。この実施例のその他の構成は実施例１と同じである。
Example 3
In this embodiment, in FIG. 1, a multistage flash distillation type fresh water generator is composed of a plurality of condensing chambers (1) connected in series from right to left, that is, from a low temperature stage to a high temperature stage. Are also arranged in the front-rear direction. Other configurations of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
(1) 蒸発室
(2) 凝縮伝熱管
(3) (3´) 凝縮器
(4) ブライン散布装置
(5) 汽水分離器
(6) ブライン溜
(7) 排出装置
(8) 揚水装置
(9) 通気路
(10)生産水受
(1) Evaporation chamber
(2) Condensation heat transfer tube
(3) (3´) Condenser
(4) Brine spraying device
(5) Brackish water separator
(6) Brine reservoir
(7) Discharge device
(8) Pumping equipment
(9) Ventilation path
(10) Production water receiving
Claims (2)
蒸発室の上方に複数の凝縮伝熱管が配され、同伝熱管を上から臨むようにブライン散布装置が設けられた凝縮器とからなり、
複数の凝縮伝熱管の内側に上記水蒸気が通されて、同伝熱管外面を流下するブラインで水蒸気が冷却凝縮され、生産淡水とされる、
フラッシュ蒸発型造水装置。 An evaporation chamber in which the brine flowing through the bottom is flashed under reduced pressure to generate water vapor;
A plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes are arranged above the evaporation chamber, and the condenser is provided with a brine spraying device so as to face the heat transfer tubes from above.
The water vapor is passed through the inside of the plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes, and the water vapor is cooled and condensed with brine flowing down the outer surface of the heat transfer tubes, to be produced fresh water.
Flash evaporative fresh water generator.
A multi-stage flash distillation type fresh water generator having two or more evaporation chambers, wherein a low-temperature stage falling brine reservoir and a high-temperature stage brine spraying apparatus are connected to each other via a pumping device, The flash evaporative fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein the falling brine is used for cooling the high-temperature stage condensation heat transfer tube.
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| JP2005294975A JP4618432B2 (en) | 2005-10-07 | 2005-10-07 | Multistage flash evaporative water freshener |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013066844A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-04-18 | Sasakura Engineering Co Ltd | Apparatus and method for evaporative concentration |
| KR20150079198A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-08 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | MED having Separated Vapor Path |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5496738U (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1979-07-09 | ||
| JPS55121802A (en) * | 1979-03-13 | 1980-09-19 | Sasakura Eng Co Ltd | Method of distillation at room temperature |
-
2005
- 2005-10-07 JP JP2005294975A patent/JP4618432B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5496738U (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1979-07-09 | ||
| JPS55121802A (en) * | 1979-03-13 | 1980-09-19 | Sasakura Eng Co Ltd | Method of distillation at room temperature |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013066844A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-04-18 | Sasakura Engineering Co Ltd | Apparatus and method for evaporative concentration |
| KR20150079198A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-08 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | MED having Separated Vapor Path |
| KR102189530B1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2020-12-11 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | MED having Separated Vapor Path |
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