JP6511338B2 - Air spring - Google Patents

Air spring Download PDF

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JP6511338B2
JP6511338B2 JP2015112540A JP2015112540A JP6511338B2 JP 6511338 B2 JP6511338 B2 JP 6511338B2 JP 2015112540 A JP2015112540 A JP 2015112540A JP 2015112540 A JP2015112540 A JP 2015112540A JP 6511338 B2 JP6511338 B2 JP 6511338B2
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diaphragm
air spring
attachment
cylindrical member
mounting
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JP2016223592A (en
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哲 安藤
哲 安藤
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Bridgestone Corp
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Description

本発明は、空気ばねに関する。   The present invention relates to an air spring.

従来、例えば自動車用のサスペンション、産業機械用の防振支持装置、シリンダ機器等に用いられるような空気ばねの一種として、ピストンの上部に例えばゴム等で筒状に形成されたダイヤフラムを配置するとともに、この上にチャンバが取り付けられ、振動発生部または振動受け部にこれらピストンやチャンバのいずれかがそれぞれ連結される構造の空気ばねが知られている(例えば特許文献1)。そして、このような空気ばねでは、振動が入力した場合には、軸線方向の相対変位がピストンとチャンバとの間に生じ、ダイヤフラム内の空気室で当該振動を吸収することができる。   Conventionally, for example, as a kind of air spring used for a suspension for automobiles, an antivibration support device for industrial machines, a cylinder device etc., a tubular diaphragm made of, for example, rubber etc. is disposed above the piston, There is known an air spring having a structure in which a chamber is attached and either the piston or the chamber is connected to a vibration generating unit or a vibration receiving unit (for example, Patent Document 1). In such an air spring, when vibration is input, relative displacement in the axial direction occurs between the piston and the chamber, and the vibration can be absorbed by the air chamber in the diaphragm.

特開2006−144940号公報JP, 2006-144940, A

また、自動車用のサスペンション等として用いられる空気ばねとしては、上述の空気ばねの他、振動発生部および振動受け部の一方に連結される第1取付部材と、振動発生部および振動受け部の他方に連結される第2取付部材と、弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が第1取付部材に取り付けられ、他端側が第2取付部材に取付けられるダイヤフラムと、ダイヤフラムの内側に取り付けられる内筒部材と、を備え、ダイヤフラムは、第1取付部材と第2取付部材との間に空気室を構成し、内筒部材の外側には、ダイヤフラムの一部を取り囲むように筒状の外筒部材が取り付けられたものが知られている。この空気ばねによれば、ダイヤフラムのうち外筒部材に覆われた部分は、空気ばねが荷重を負荷した際にダイヤフラムの膨張が制限されるので、ダイヤフラムによるばね特性を外筒部材、第2取付部材との関係で調整することができる。   Further, as an air spring used as a suspension or the like for automobiles, in addition to the above-described air spring, a first mounting member connected to one of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion, the other of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion A second attachment member connected to the second attachment member, an elastic tubular membrane, one end of the diaphragm attached to the first attachment member, and the other end attached to the second attachment member, and an inner cylinder attached to the inside of the diaphragm A diaphragm, which constitutes an air chamber between the first mounting member and the second mounting member, and a cylindrical outer cylinder member outside the inner cylinder member so as to surround a part of the diaphragm What is attached is known. According to this air spring, since the expansion of the diaphragm is limited when the air spring applies a load to the portion of the diaphragm covered by the outer cylinder member, the spring characteristic by the diaphragm is the outer cylinder member, the second attachment It can be adjusted in relation to the components.

ところで、このような空気ばねでは、例えばダイヤフラムのばね特性は、内筒部材および内筒部材に連結する外筒部材の、ダイヤフラムに対する位置によって変化することがあり、ダイヤフラム内の内筒部材の位置の正確性が要求されている。しかし、従来の空気ばねでは、空気ばねの組立てにあたって、内筒部材をダイヤフラム内に配置させるために例えばダイヤフラムを径方向に伸張させる必要があり、内筒部材のダイヤフラムへの取付け、位置合わせおよび調整が困難であった。   By the way, in such an air spring, for example, the spring characteristics of the diaphragm may change depending on the position of the outer cylindrical member connected to the inner cylindrical member and the inner cylindrical member with respect to the diaphragm. Accuracy is required. However, in the conventional air spring, when assembling the air spring, for example, the diaphragm needs to be radially expanded in order to arrange the inner cylinder member in the diaphragm, and the attachment, alignment and adjustment of the inner cylinder member to the diaphragm Was difficult.

そこで、本発明は、ダイヤフラムの内側へ内筒部材を容易に取り付けることが可能な空気ばねを提供することを目的とする。   Then, an object of this invention is to provide the air spring which can attach an inner cylinder member easily to the inside of a diaphragm.

本発明の空気ばねは、振動発生部および振動受け部の一方に連結される第1取付部材と、振動発生部および振動受け部の他方に連結される第2取付部材と、弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が前記第1取付部材に取り付けられ、他端側が前記第2取付部材に取り付けられるダイヤフラムと、前記ダイヤフラムの内側に取り付けられる内筒部材と、を備え、前記ダイヤフラムは、当該ダイヤフラムの内部であって前記第1取付部材と前記第2取付部材との間に空気室を構成し、前記内筒部材の外側には、前記ダイヤフラムの少なくとも一部を取り囲むように筒状の外筒部材が取り付けられ、前記内筒部材の外径は、前記ダイヤフラムを空気ばねに組み付けない状態における、当該ダイヤフラムの内筒部材取付け位置での内径以下であることを特徴とする。
この発明の空気ばねによれば、ダイヤフラムの内側へ内筒部材を容易に取り付けることができる。
The air spring of the present invention comprises a first mounting member connected to one of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion, a second mounting member connected to the other of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion, and a tubular membrane having elasticity. A diaphragm having one end attached to the first attachment member and the other end attached to the second attachment, and an inner cylindrical member attached to the inside of the diaphragm, the diaphragm being the diaphragm An air chamber between the first mounting member and the second mounting member, and a cylindrical outer cylinder outside the inner cylindrical member so as to surround at least a part of the diaphragm. A member is attached, and the outer diameter of the inner cylinder member is equal to or less than the inner diameter of the diaphragm at the inner cylinder member attachment position in a state where the diaphragm is not assembled to the air spring And butterflies.
According to the air spring of the present invention, the inner cylinder member can be easily attached to the inside of the diaphragm.

ここで、本発明の空気ばねでは、前記ダイヤフラムの内筒部材取付け位置での内径は、前記ダイヤフラムを空気ばねに組み付けない状態における、前記ダイヤフラムの最大内径であることが好ましい。
この構成によれば、内筒部材のダイヤフラムの内側への位置合わせを容易にすることができる。
Here, in the air spring of the present invention, it is preferable that the inner diameter of the diaphragm at the inner cylindrical member mounting position is the maximum inner diameter of the diaphragm in a state where the diaphragm is not assembled to the air spring.
According to this configuration, it is possible to facilitate the alignment of the inner cylinder member to the inside of the diaphragm.

本発明によれば、ダイヤフラムの内側へ内筒部材を容易に取り付けることが可能な空気ばねを提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air spring capable of easily attaching the inner cylinder member to the inside of the diaphragm.

本発明の一実施形態に係る空気ばねを示す、軸線方向に沿った断面図である。It is a sectional view along an axial direction showing an air spring concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 図1に示す空気ばねのダイヤフラムを、ダイヤフラムを空気ばねに組み付けないで、その内側に内筒部材を取り付けた状態で示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the diaphragm of the air spring shown in FIG. 1 in the state which attached the inner cylinder member inside the diaphragm, without assembling | attaching a diaphragm to an air spring.

以下に、図面を参照しつつ、本発明の実施形態について例示説明する。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る空気ばね1を示す、軸線方向に沿った断面図である。
本実施形態に係る空気ばね1は、例えば乗用車に用いるものであって、タイヤ(振動発生部(地面からの振動を受けるサスペンション))側と車体(振動受部)側との連結部分等に配置されて振動発生部から振動受部への振動や衝撃が伝達するのを防ぐことができる。
Embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated and described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view showing an air spring 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The air spring 1 according to the present embodiment is used, for example, for a passenger car, and is disposed at a connection portion between a tire (vibration generating portion (suspension receiving vibration from the ground)) side and a vehicle body (vibration receiving portion) side. As a result, it is possible to prevent the transmission of vibration and impact from the vibration generating unit to the vibration receiving unit.

本実施形態に係る空気ばね1は、振動発生部および振動受け部の一方(本例では振動受け部。より具体的には車体側)に連結される第1取付部材2と、振動発生部および振動受け部の他方(本例では振動発生部。より具体的にはタイヤ側)に連結される第2取付部材3と、弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が第1取付部材2に取り付けられ、他端側が第2取付部材3に取付けられるダイヤフラム4と、ダイヤフラム4の内側に取り付けられる内筒部材5と、を備えている。また、この空気ばね1では、ダイヤフラム4は、当該ダイヤフラム4の内部であって第1取付部材2と第2取付部材3との間に空気室を構成し、内筒部材5の外側には、ダイヤフラム4の少なくとも一部を取り囲むように筒状の外筒部材6が取り付けられている。
なお、図示の例では、第1取付部材2、第2取付部材3、ダイヤフラム4、内筒部材5、および外筒部材6は、共通軸を有するように同軸に配置されている。以下、この共通軸を軸線Oとも称し、軸線Oに沿う方向を軸線方向といい、軸線Oに直交する方向を径方向といい、軸線O周りに周回する方向を周方向という。
The air spring 1 according to the present embodiment includes a first attachment member 2 connected to one of a vibration generating unit and a vibration receiving unit (in this example, a vibration receiving unit, more specifically, a vehicle body side), a vibration generating unit, The second mounting member 3 connected to the other of the vibration receiving portions (in this example, the vibration generating portion; more specifically, the tire side) and the elastic cylindrical film are provided, and one end is attached to the first mounting member 2 The other end side includes a diaphragm 4 attached to the second attachment member 3 and an inner cylindrical member 5 attached to the inside of the diaphragm 4. Further, in the air spring 1, the diaphragm 4 constitutes an air chamber inside the diaphragm 4 and between the first mounting member 2 and the second mounting member 3, and outside the inner cylindrical member 5, A cylindrical outer cylinder member 6 is attached to surround at least a part of the diaphragm 4.
In the illustrated example, the first mounting member 2, the second mounting member 3, the diaphragm 4, the inner cylindrical member 5, and the outer cylindrical member 6 are coaxially arranged to have a common axis. Hereinafter, this common axis is also referred to as an axis O, a direction along the axis O is referred to as an axis direction, a direction orthogonal to the axis O is referred to as a radial direction, and a direction circling around the axis O is referred to as a circumferential direction.

第1取付部材2は、軸線方向一方側(図では上側)に位置する、径方向断面で円形の第1側壁部21と、第1側壁部21に軸線方向他方側(図では下側)に隣接するとともに第1側壁部21よりも外径が小さい、径方向断面で円形の第2側壁部22と、第1側壁部21に軸線方向一方側に隣接する振動発生部または振動受け部に連結するための連結部23と、第2側壁部22の軸線方向他方側に位置する略平面状の先端部24とを備えている。また、第1取付部材2は、第2側壁部22の外周側に設けられるとともに、第2側壁部22の軸線方向長さよりも僅かに短く、外径が第1側壁部21と略同一のストッパーリング25を備えている。ストッパーリング25は、ダイヤフラム4のうち第1取付部材側部分41の過度の変形を抑えることができ、また、ストッパーリング25のうち、後述のダイヤフラム4の第1取付部材側部分41で形成される揺動部42と接触する部分の形状(外表面の外径など)を変化させることで、当該揺動部42の曲面形状の円弧形状を調整することができる。なお、本発明において、ストッパーリング25を設けることは必須の構成ではなく、また、揺動部51の曲面形状の円弧部分の中心位置は、ストッパーリング25によらなくても調整することができる。   The first mounting member 2 is located on one side in the axial direction (upper side in the figure), and on the other side (lower side in the figure) of the first side wall 21 circular in radial section and the first side wall 21 Connected to a second side wall 22 which is circular in radial cross section and has an outer diameter smaller than that of the first side wall 21 and a vibration generating part or a vibration receiving part adjacent to the first side wall 21 in the axial direction. And a substantially planar tip portion 24 located on the other side of the second side wall 22 in the axial direction. Further, the first mounting member 2 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the second side wall portion 22 and is slightly shorter than the axial length of the second side wall portion 22 and has a stopper whose outer diameter is substantially the same as the first side wall portion 21 A ring 25 is provided. The stopper ring 25 can suppress excessive deformation of the first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 and is formed of a first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 described later of the stopper ring 25. By changing the shape (such as the outer diameter of the outer surface) of the portion in contact with the rocking portion 42, the curved arc shape of the curved shape of the rocking portion 42 can be adjusted. In the present invention, provision of the stopper ring 25 is not an essential component, and the center position of the curved arc portion of the swinging portion 51 can be adjusted without using the stopper ring 25.

また、図示の例では、第1取付部材2の第1側壁部21および第2側壁部22は、軸線方向でその外径が略一定となっている。また、第2側壁部22はその軸線方向他方側端部の外周に、後述のダイヤフラム4の一端側が取り付けられる(図示では第2側壁部22の軸線方向他方側端部は、その外径がダイヤフラム4の厚さ程度小さくなっている)。連結部23は、振動発生部または振動受け部に連結することができればその連結方法は任意の方法とすることができ、例えばボルト・ナット締結、ピン締結(ピンを穴に差し込み締結する)等により連結することができる。   Further, in the illustrated example, the outer diameters of the first side wall 21 and the second side wall 22 of the first mounting member 2 are substantially constant in the axial direction. Further, one end side of a diaphragm 4 described later is attached to the outer periphery of the second side wall portion 22 at the other side end in the axial direction (in the illustration, the outside diameter of the other side end portion of the second side wall 22 is a diaphragm The thickness of 4 has become smaller). The connection part 23 can be connected by any method as long as it can be connected to the vibration generating part or the vibration receiving part, for example, by bolt / nut fastening, pin fastening (pin is inserted into a hole and fastened) It can be linked.

また、第1取付部材2、後述の第2取付部材3、内筒部材5、および外筒部材6は、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば金属で形成することができる。
また、この実施形態では、第1取付部材2、および後述の第2取付部材3は、中空体となっており、それらの内容積を変更することでばね特性を調整可能となっているが、中実体とすることもできる。
The first mounting member 2, the second mounting member 3 described later, the inner cylindrical member 5, and the outer cylindrical member 6 are not particularly limited, but can be formed of, for example, metal.
Further, in this embodiment, the first mounting member 2 and the second mounting member 3 described later are hollow bodies, and the spring characteristics can be adjusted by changing their internal volumes. It can also be medium entity.

第2取付部材3は、径方向断面で円形の側壁部31と、側壁部31の軸線方向一方側(図では上側)に位置する略平面状の先端部32と、側壁部31の軸線方向他方側(図では下側)に位置し、振動発生部または振動受け部に連結する連結部33とを備えている。図示の例では、側壁部31は、軸線方向でその外径が略一定となっている。なお、ばね特性調整のため、側壁部31の外径形状をテーパに構成してもよい。
また、第2取付部材3の連結部33は、振動発生部または振動受け部に連結することができればその連結方法は任意の方法とすることができ、例えばボルト・ナット締結等により連結することができる。
The second mounting member 3 has a side wall 31 circular in radial cross section, a substantially planar tip 32 positioned on one side (upper side in the figure) of the side wall 31 in the axial direction, and the other in the axial direction of the side wall 31 It has a connecting portion 33 located on the side (the lower side in the figure) and connected to the vibration generating portion or the vibration receiving portion. In the illustrated example, the outer diameter of the side wall 31 is substantially constant in the axial direction. The outer diameter of the side wall 31 may be tapered to adjust the spring characteristics.
Further, the connecting portion 33 of the second mounting member 3 can be connected to any method as long as it can be connected to the vibration generating portion or the vibration receiving portion. For example, connection by bolt and nut fastening etc. it can.

内筒部材5は、円筒状であって、後述のダイヤフラム4の内側に取り付けられるものであり、換言すれば、内筒部材5は、空気ばね1を組み立てた状態で、外筒部材6との間でダイヤフラム4を挟むように配置されている。また、内筒部材5は、第1取付部材2および第2取付部材3のいずれにも連結・固定されていない。
また、この実施形態では、内筒部材5は、第2取付部材3の外径よりも大きい内径を有しており、これにより、空気ばね1に振動が入力した際には、第2取付部材3が内筒部材5に対して軸線方一方側に、内筒部材5の内側へ入り込むように変位して、主に軸線方向の振動を吸収することができる。また、内筒部材5は、外筒部材6の内径よりもダイヤフラム4の厚さ程度小さい外径を有しており、内筒部材5と外筒部材6とがより密着しやすくなっている。さらに、内筒部材5は、その軸線方向長さが、後述の外筒部材6の軸線方向長さよりも短くなっており、このためダイヤフラム4のうち内筒部材5と外筒部材6との間に挟まれていない部分を確保することができるので、第2取付部材3が軸線方向に変位することができる。
The inner cylindrical member 5 has a cylindrical shape and is attached to the inner side of a diaphragm 4 described later. In other words, the inner cylindrical member 5 is assembled with the outer cylindrical member 6 in a state where the air spring 1 is assembled. It arrange | positions so that the diaphragm 4 may be pinched | interposed between. Further, the inner cylindrical member 5 is not connected or fixed to any of the first mounting member 2 and the second mounting member 3.
Further, in this embodiment, the inner cylindrical member 5 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the second attachment member 3, whereby when vibration is input to the air spring 1, the second attachment member The vibration 3 can be mainly absorbed in the axial direction by being displaced to one side in the axial direction with respect to the inner cylindrical member 5 and into the inner side of the inner cylindrical member 5. Further, the inner cylindrical member 5 has an outer diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer cylindrical member 6 by the thickness of the diaphragm 4, and the inner cylindrical member 5 and the outer cylindrical member 6 are more easily in close contact. Furthermore, the axial length of the inner cylindrical member 5 is shorter than the axial length of the outer cylindrical member 6 described later. Therefore, between the inner cylindrical member 5 and the outer cylindrical member 6 of the diaphragm 4 The second mounting member 3 can be displaced in the axial direction because it is possible to secure a portion that is not sandwiched between the two.

外筒部材6は、筒状であって、内筒部材5の外側に、ダイヤフラム4の少なくとも一部を取り囲むように取り付けられている。この実施形態では、ダイヤフラム4のうち第1取付部材側部分41は、外筒部材6に取り囲まれていない部分を有し、ダイヤフラム4のうち第2取付部材側部分43は、外筒部材6に取り囲まれている。より具体的には、外筒部材6は、ダイヤフラム4の第1取付部材側部分41の一部およびダイヤフラム4の第2取付部材側部分43の全てを取り囲んでいる。
また、外筒部材6は、この例では第1取付部材2および第2取付部材3のいずれにも連結・固定されていない。
The outer cylindrical member 6 is cylindrical, and is attached to the outside of the inner cylindrical member 5 so as to surround at least a part of the diaphragm 4. In this embodiment, the first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 has a portion not surrounded by the outer cylinder member 6, and the second attachment member side portion 43 of the diaphragm 4 is a portion of the outer cylinder member 6. It is surrounded. More specifically, the outer cylindrical member 6 surrounds a part of the first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 and all of the second attachment member side portion 43 of the diaphragm 4.
Moreover, the outer cylinder member 6 is not connected and fixed to any of the 1st attachment member 2 and the 2nd attachment member 3 in this example.

この実施形態では、外筒部材6の内径(図示の例では外径も)は、外筒部材6の軸線方向一方側に位置するフランジ状部分6f以外、略一定になっている。また、図示の例では、フランジ状部分6fの軸線方向一方側端部は、内筒部材5よりも軸線方向一方側に位置しており、フランジ状部分6fの形状を調整する(例えば内径の大小を調整する)ことにより、後述のダイヤフラム4の第1取付部材側部分41で形成されている揺動部42の曲面形状の円弧部分の中心位置を、例えば空気ばね1の径方向に調整することができる。また、外筒部材6の軸線方向一方側をフランジ状にすることにより(フランジ状部分6fを設けることにより)、外筒部材6の端部エッジによるダイヤフラムが摩耗するのを低減することができる。   In this embodiment, the inner diameter (also the outer diameter in the illustrated example) of the outer cylindrical member 6 is substantially constant except for the flange-like portion 6 f located on one side in the axial direction of the outer cylindrical member 6. Further, in the illustrated example, the axial direction one side end of the flange-like portion 6 f is located on one side in the axial direction with respect to the inner cylindrical member 5, and the shape of the flange-like portion 6 f is adjusted To adjust the central position of the curved arc portion of the curved portion 42 formed by the first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 described later, for example, in the radial direction of the air spring 1. Can. Further, by making one side in the axial direction of the outer cylindrical member 6 flange-shaped (by providing the flange-like portion 6f), it is possible to reduce the wear of the diaphragm due to the end edge of the outer cylindrical member 6.

外筒部材6と内筒部材5との結合は任意の方法で行うことができ、例えばダイヤフラム4を介して外筒部材6をかしめることにより行うことができる。   The connection between the outer cylindrical member 6 and the inner cylindrical member 5 can be performed by any method, for example, by caulking the outer cylindrical member 6 through the diaphragm 4.

ダイヤフラム4は、例えばゴムからなる弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が第1取付部材2に取り付けられ、他端側が第2取付部材3に取付けられている。
また、この実施形態の空気ばね1では、空気ばね1が組み立てられ、鉛直方向に配置された状態で、ダイヤフラム4の第1取付部材側部分41は、折り返されて揺動部42を形成し、ダイヤフラム4の第2取付部材側部分43は、折り返されて転動部44を形成している。また、ダイヤフラム4の揺動部42、転動部43内には、軸線方向に沿った断面視においてそれぞれ円弧状となる円弧状部分が含まれている。さらに、軸線方向に沿った断面視における円弧状部分の中心を周方向に結んで形成される、閉曲線で囲まれる部分であるダイヤフラム面積は、ダイヤフラム4の第2取付部材側部分43のダイヤフラム面積よりもダイヤフラム4の第1取付部材側部分41のダイヤフラム面積が大きくなっている。
つまり、ダイヤフラム4の第1取付部材側部分41の揺動部42に含まれる円弧部分の中心の軸線Oからの径方向距離Rsが、ダイヤフラム4の第2取付部材側部分43の転動部44に含まれる円弧部分の中心の軸線Oからの径方向距離Rrよりも大きくなっている。
The diaphragm 4 is made of, for example, rubber and has a tubular film shape having elasticity, one end side is attached to the first attachment member 2, and the other end side is attached to the second attachment member 3.
Further, in the air spring 1 of this embodiment, the first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 is folded back to form the swinging portion 42 in a state where the air spring 1 is assembled and disposed in the vertical direction. The second mounting member side portion 43 of the diaphragm 4 is folded back to form a rolling portion 44. Further, in the swinging portion 42 and the rolling portion 43 of the diaphragm 4, arc-shaped portions each having an arc shape in a cross-sectional view along the axial direction are included. Furthermore, a diaphragm area, which is a portion surrounded by a closed curve, is formed by connecting the centers of arc-shaped portions in a cross sectional view along the axial direction in the circumferential direction from the diaphragm area of the second attachment member side portion 43 of the diaphragm 4 Also, the diaphragm area of the first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 is large.
That is, the radial distance Rs from the axis O of the center of the arc portion included in the swinging portion 42 of the first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 is the rolling portion 44 of the second attachment member side portion 43 of the diaphragm 4 Is greater than the radial distance Rr from the axis O of the center of the arc portion included in.

この実施形態では、ダイヤフラム4の第1取付部材側部分41の揺動部42に含まれる円弧部分は、第1取付部材2や外筒部材6に接触せずダイヤフラム内の空気圧により軸線方向一方側および径方向外側に凸状に膨らみ変形した曲面を含む部分である。また揺動部42は、内筒部材5の軸線方向一方側端部と、第1取付部材2の第2側壁部22の軸線方向他方側端部との間に形成されている。
また、ダイヤフラム4の第2取付部材側部分43の転動部44に含まれる円弧部分は、第2取付部材3や外筒部材6に接触せずダイヤフラム内の空気圧により軸線方向他方側に凸状に膨らみ変形した曲面を含む部分である。また転動部44は、外筒部材6の他方側部分と第2取付部材3の側壁部31との間に形成されている。より具体的には、転動部44は、軸線方向一方側から他方側に向けて、第2取付部材3の側壁部31の外周面上を沿うように延び、第2取付部材3の側壁部31と外筒部材6の他方側部分との間に円弧状部分を形成し、軸線方向他方側から一方側に向けて、外筒部材6の他方側部分の内周面上を沿うように延びて形成されている。
In this embodiment, the arc portion included in the swinging portion 42 of the first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 does not contact the first attachment member 2 or the outer cylindrical member 6, and one side in the axial direction due to the air pressure in the diaphragm. And it is a part containing the curved surface which carried out convex deformation to the diameter direction outside convexly. The swinging portion 42 is formed between one axial end of the inner cylindrical member 5 and the other axial end of the second side wall 22 of the first mounting member 2.
Further, the arc portion included in the rolling portion 44 of the second mounting member side portion 43 of the diaphragm 4 is not in contact with the second mounting member 3 or the outer cylindrical member 6 and is convex on the other side in the axial direction by the air pressure in the diaphragm. It is a part including a curved surface that has been bulging and deformed. Further, the rolling portion 44 is formed between the other side portion of the outer cylindrical member 6 and the side wall portion 31 of the second mounting member 3. More specifically, the rolling portion 44 extends from one axial direction to the other side along the outer peripheral surface of the side wall portion 31 of the second mounting member 3, and the side wall portion of the second mounting member 3 An arc-shaped portion is formed between 31 and the other side portion of the outer cylindrical member 6, and extends along the inner circumferential surface of the other side portion of the outer cylindrical member 6 from the other side in the axial direction toward one side. It is formed.

ダイヤフラム4の一端側および他端側の、第1取付部材2および第2取付部材3への取り付けは、限定されるものではないが、カシメリング7を用いてかしめることにより取り付けることができる。
具体的には、ダイヤフラム4の一端側の第1取付部材2への取り付けは、ダイヤフラム4の一端側を、軸線方向一方側に向けて、第1取付部材2、より具体的には第1取付部材2の第2側壁部22の軸線方向他方側端部に、その外周側から覆うように嵌め込み、さらにカシメリング7でダイヤフラム4を挟み込むようにかしめることで行うことができる。また、ダイヤフラム4の他端側の第2取付部材3への取り付けは、ダイヤフラム4の他端側を、軸線方向一方側に向けて折り返し、第2取付部材3、より具体的には第2取付部材3の側壁部31の軸線方向一方側端部に、その外周側から覆うように嵌め込み、さらにカシメリング7でダイヤフラム4を挟み込むようにかしめることで行うことができる。
The attachment to the first attachment member 2 and the second attachment member 3 on one end side and the other end side of the diaphragm 4 can be attached by caulking using a caulking ring 7, although not limited thereto.
Specifically, the attachment of the diaphragm 4 to the first attachment member 2 at the one end side is such that the first attachment member 2, more specifically the first attachment, with the one end side of the diaphragm 4 directed to one side in the axial direction. The other side end in the axial direction of the second side wall 22 of the member 2 may be fitted so as to cover it from the outer peripheral side, and the diaphragm 4 may be crimped so as to be sandwiched by the caulking ring 7. The other end of the diaphragm 4 is attached to the second attachment member 3 by folding the other end of the diaphragm 4 toward one side in the axial direction, and the second attachment member 3, more specifically, the second attachment. It can be performed by being fitted so that it may cover from the outer peripheral side to the axial direction one side edge part of the side wall part 31 of the member 3, and also crimping so that the diaphragm 4 may be pinched with the crimping ring 7.

そして、この空気ばね1では、図2に示すように、ダイヤフラム4を空気ばね1に組み付けない状態における、内筒部材5の外径Doが、ダイヤフラム4の内筒部材取付け位置45での内径Di以下になっている(図示の例では、内筒部材5の外径Doが内筒部材取付け位置45での内径Diと同じ)。またこの実施形態では、ダイヤフラム4の内筒部材取付け位置45での内径Diは、ダイヤフラム4の最大内径となっており、ダイヤフラム4が樽状になっている。
具体的には、ダイヤフラム4は、第1取付部材2を取り付けるための一端側取付け部46(図2ではダイヤフラム4の上方側の部分)と、第2取付部材3を取り付けるための他端側取付け部47(図2ではダイヤフラム4の下方側の部分)とを有しており、また、ダイヤフラム4を空気ばね1に組み付けない状態で、一端側取付け部46から、軸線方向他方側に向けて内径が漸増して第1取付部材側部分41を形成し、内筒部材取付け位置45が含まれる軸線方向中央部分では、内径が一定となり、再び内径が漸減して第2取付部材側部分43を形成して、他端側取付け部47となっている。ダイヤフラム4の一端側取付け部46および他方側取付け部47は、それぞれ、第1取付部材2の第2側壁部22の外径および第2取付部材3の側壁部31の外径と略等しく、上述のようにカシメリング7でかしめることができる程度の軸線方向長さを有している。
なお、ダイヤフラム4の内筒部材取付け位置45とは、空気ばね1が組み立てられた状態での内筒部材5のダイヤフラム4内で配置される位置であり、ダイヤフラム4の周方向に沿った領域である。
And in this air spring 1, as shown in FIG. 2, when the diaphragm 4 is not assembled to the air spring 1, the outer diameter Do of the inner cylindrical member 5 is the inner diameter Di at the inner cylindrical member mounting position 45 of the diaphragm 4. The following is true (in the illustrated example, the outer diameter Do of the inner cylindrical member 5 is the same as the inner diameter Di at the inner cylindrical member mounting position 45). Further, in this embodiment, the inner diameter Di at the inner cylindrical member mounting position 45 of the diaphragm 4 is the maximum inner diameter of the diaphragm 4, and the diaphragm 4 has a barrel shape.
Specifically, the diaphragm 4 has one end side mounting portion 46 (a portion on the upper side of the diaphragm 4 in FIG. 2) for mounting the first mounting member 2 and the other end side mounting for mounting the second mounting member 3 2 (in the lower part of the diaphragm 4 in FIG. 2), and in the state where the diaphragm 4 is not assembled to the air spring 1, the inner diameter from the one end side mounting part 46 toward the other side in the axial direction The first mounting member side portion 41 is formed gradually, and in the axial center portion including the inner cylindrical member mounting position 45, the inner diameter becomes constant, and the inner diameter gradually decreases again to form the second mounting member side portion 43 The other end side mounting portion 47 is formed. The one end side attachment portion 46 and the other side attachment portion 47 of the diaphragm 4 are substantially equal to the outer diameter of the second side wall portion 22 of the first attachment member 2 and the outer diameter of the side wall portion 31 of the second attachment member 3 respectively. And has an axial length which can be crimped by caulking 7.
The inner cylindrical member mounting position 45 of the diaphragm 4 is a position at which the air spring 1 is disposed in the diaphragm 4 of the inner cylindrical member 5 in the assembled state, and in a region along the circumferential direction of the diaphragm 4 is there.

この実施形態の空気ばね1の作用・効果を以下説明する。
この実施形態の空気ばね1では、内筒部材5の外側に、ダイヤフラム4の少なくとも一部を取り囲むように外筒部材6を取り付けることにより、ダイヤフラム4のうち外筒部材6に覆われた部分は、空気ばね1が荷重を負荷した際にダイヤフラム4の膨張が制限されるので、ダイヤフラム4によって空気ばね1のばね特性を外筒部材6との関係で調整することができる。
ところで、このような空気ばね1では、例えばダイヤフラム4のばね特性は、内筒部材5および内筒部材5に連結する外筒部材6のダイヤフラム4に対する位置によって変化することがあり、ダイヤフラム4内の内筒部材5の位置の正確性が要求されている。しかし、従来の空気ばねでは、空気ばねの組立てにあたって、内筒部材をダイヤフラム内に配置させるために例えばダイヤフラムを径方向に伸張させる必要があり、内筒部材のダイヤフラムの内側への取付け、位置合わせおよび調整が困難であった。
そこで、この実施形態の空気ばね1では、ダイヤフラム4を空気ばね1に組み付けない状態で、内筒部材5の外径Doを、ダイヤフラム4の内筒部材取付け位置45での内径Diと同じにすることにより、内筒部材5のダイヤフラム4の内側への位置合わせを正確にすることができ、また、前記外径Doを前記内径Diより小さくすることにより、内筒部材5をダイヤフラム4内の所定の位置へ容易に入れることができる。したがって、内筒部材5のダイヤフラム4の内側へ内筒部材5を容易に取り付けることができ、また位置合わせおよび調整等も容易にすることができる。さらに、内筒部材5をダイヤフラム4の内筒部材取付け位置45に位置させるために、ダイヤフラム4を径方向に大きく伸縮可能なものとする必要がないので、ダイヤフラム4の径方向の弾性率を大きくすることができ、それ故に、空気ばね1のばね特性などの特性を十分に調整することもできる。
なお、前記外径Doを前記内径Diより小さくしても、外筒部材6を例えばかしめ等の方法で内筒部材5に取り付けるので、内筒部材5および外筒部材6を強固に連結することができる。
The operation and effects of the air spring 1 of this embodiment will be described below.
In the air spring 1 of this embodiment, the outer cylindrical member 6 is attached to the outer side of the inner cylindrical member 5 so as to surround at least a part of the diaphragm 4 so that the portion of the diaphragm 4 covered by the outer cylindrical member 6 Since expansion of the diaphragm 4 is limited when the air spring 1 applies a load, the diaphragm 4 can adjust the spring characteristics of the air spring 1 in relation to the outer cylindrical member 6.
By the way, in such an air spring 1, for example, the spring characteristics of the diaphragm 4 may change depending on the position of the outer cylindrical member 6 connected to the inner cylindrical member 5 and the inner cylindrical member 5 with respect to the diaphragm 4. The accuracy of the position of the inner cylindrical member 5 is required. However, in the conventional air spring, when assembling the air spring, for example, the diaphragm needs to be radially expanded in order to arrange the inner cylinder member in the diaphragm, and the inner cylinder member is attached to the inside of the diaphragm and aligned And adjustment was difficult.
Therefore, in the air spring 1 of this embodiment, the outer diameter Do of the inner cylindrical member 5 is made equal to the inner diameter Di of the inner cylindrical member attachment position 45 of the diaphragm 4 in a state where the diaphragm 4 is not assembled to the air spring 1 Thus, the inner cylinder member 5 can be accurately positioned to the inside of the diaphragm 4, and the inner cylinder member 5 can be positioned in the diaphragm 4 by making the outer diameter Do smaller than the inner diameter Di. It can be easily put into position. Therefore, the inner cylinder member 5 can be easily attached to the inside of the diaphragm 4 of the inner cylinder member 5, and positioning and adjustment can be facilitated. Furthermore, in order to position the inner cylindrical member 5 at the inner cylindrical member mounting position 45 of the diaphragm 4, the elastic modulus of the diaphragm 4 in the radial direction is increased since it is not necessary to make the diaphragm 4 expandable in the radial direction. The characteristics such as the spring characteristics of the air spring 1 can therefore be well adjusted.
Even if the outer diameter Do is smaller than the inner diameter Di, the outer cylindrical member 6 is attached to the inner cylindrical member 5 by a method such as caulking, so that the inner cylindrical member 5 and the outer cylindrical member 6 are firmly connected. Can.

ここで、本発明ではこの実施形態の空気ばね1のように、空気ばね1に荷重が入力された際、ダイヤフラム4で揺動部42および転動部44を形成させることが好ましい。換言すれば、ダイヤフラム4の第1取付部材側部分41の円弧部分についてのダイヤフラム面積が、ダイヤフラム4の第2取付部材側部分43の円弧部分についてのダイヤフラム面積よりも大きいことが好ましい。
空気ばね1に振動が入力された場合には、ダイヤフラム面積が相対的に小さい円弧状部分を有する転動部44側の第2取付部材3は、ダイヤフラム4により形成される空気室を相対的に圧縮しやすくなり(相対的にばねが軟らかい)、また、ダイヤフラム面積が相対的に大きい円弧状部分を有する揺動部42側の第1取付部材2は、空気室を相対的に圧縮しにくくなり(相対的にばねが硬い)、それ故に、転動部44では空気ばね1に対して軸線方向の相対変位が生じるような方向の振動を主に吸収することができ、揺動部42では空気ばね1に対してこじり変形するような方向の振動を主に吸収することができる。そして、ダイヤフラム4に揺動部42および転動部44を形成させる場合には、それぞれの有効受圧面積の調整に正確性が求められるので、内筒部材5のダイヤフラム4内での取付けが所定の位置になっていることが肝要であり、この実施形態のダイヤフラム4が特に好ましい。
Here, in the present invention, as in the case of the air spring 1 of this embodiment, when a load is input to the air spring 1, it is preferable to form the swinging portion 42 and the rolling portion 44 by the diaphragm 4. In other words, the diaphragm area of the arc portion of the first attachment member side portion 41 of the diaphragm 4 is preferably larger than the diaphragm area of the arc portion of the second attachment member side portion 43 of the diaphragm 4.
When vibration is input to the air spring 1, the second mounting member 3 on the side of the rolling portion 44 having an arc-shaped portion with a relatively small diaphragm area relatively moves the air chamber formed by the diaphragm 4 It becomes easier to compress (relatively softer spring), and the first mounting member 2 on the swinging portion 42 side having an arc-like portion having a relatively large diaphragm area makes it relatively difficult to compress the air chamber. (The spring is relatively hard.) Therefore, the rolling unit 44 can mainly absorb vibration in such a direction that relative displacement occurs in the axial direction with respect to the air spring 1, and the swinging unit 42 can It is possible to mainly absorb the vibration in such a direction as to be distorted with respect to the spring 1. And when forming the rocking | fluctuation part 42 and the rolling part 44 in the diaphragm 4, since the accuracy is calculated | required by adjustment of each effective pressure receiving area, the attachment in the diaphragm 4 of the inner cylinder member 5 is predetermined. It is important to be in position and the diaphragm 4 of this embodiment is particularly preferred.

また、本発明ではこの実施形態の空気ばね1のように、ダイヤフラム4を空気ばね1に組み付けない状態における、ダイヤフラム4の内筒部材取付け位置45での内径Diを、同状態のダイヤフラム4の最大内径とすることが好ましい。これにより、内筒部材5のダイヤフラム4の内側への位置合わせを容易にすることができる。
なお、同様な観点からは、内筒部材取付け位置45の軸線方向全位置で、内筒部材5の外径Doが、ダイヤフラム4の内筒部材取付け位置45での内径Di以下になっていることが好ましい。
In the present invention, as in the case of the air spring 1 of this embodiment, when the diaphragm 4 is not assembled to the air spring 1, the inner diameter Di at the inner cylindrical member attachment position 45 of the diaphragm 4 is the maximum of the diaphragm 4 in the same state. It is preferable to set it as an internal diameter. Thereby, alignment to the inner side of diaphragm 4 of inner cylinder member 5 can be made easy.
From the same point of view, the outer diameter Do of the inner cylinder member 5 is equal to or less than the inner diameter Di of the inner cylinder member attachment position 45 of the diaphragm 4 at all axial positions of the inner cylinder member attachment position 45 Is preferred.

ところで、この実施形態に係る空気ばね1は、限定されるものではないが以下のようにして製造することができる。
まず、ダイヤフラム4の内側の内筒部材取付け位置45に内筒部材5を配置する。さらに、内筒部材5を内側に配置した状態のダイヤフラム4に、外筒部材6を被せ、外筒部材6の外周側からかしめる。この際、内筒部材5が内筒部材取付け位置45からずれないようにするために、ダイヤフラム4の一端側の開口部から支持具を挿入して、ダイヤフラム4の内側から内筒部材5を支持することにより、より正確に外筒部材6をかしめることができる。
次いで、ダイヤフラム4の他端側を内側に折り返して、第2取付部材3の軸線方向一方側端部を、当該ダイヤフラム4の他端側の開口部に挿入する。続いて、第2取付部材3の軸線方向一方側端部とダイヤフラム4の他端側とを、軸線方向一端側に押し込んで、ダイヤフラム4の一端側の開口部から外側に出し、カシメリング7でダイヤフラム4の他端側と第2取付部材3とを連結する。さらに、第2取付部材3をダイヤフラム4に対して軸線方向他方側に移動させた後、第1取付部材2の軸線方向他方側端部を、ダイヤフラム4の一端側の開口部に挿入し、カシメリング7でダイヤフラム4の一端側と第1取付部材2とを連結する。さらに、必要に応じて、第1取付部材2にストッパーリング25を装着する。
この製造方法によれば、内筒部材5の外径Doは、ダイヤフラム4を空気ばね1に組み付けない状態で、当該ダイヤフラム4の内筒部材取付け位置45での内径Di以下であるので、ダイヤフラム4の内側へ内筒部材5を容易に取り付けることができる。
By the way, the air spring 1 which concerns on this embodiment can be manufactured as follows, although it is not limited.
First, the inner cylinder member 5 is disposed at the inner cylinder member attachment position 45 inside the diaphragm 4. Furthermore, the outer cylinder member 6 is covered on the diaphragm 4 in a state in which the inner cylinder member 5 is disposed inside, and the outer cylinder member 6 is caulked from the outer peripheral side. At this time, in order to prevent the inner cylinder member 5 from shifting from the inner cylinder member attachment position 45, a support is inserted from the opening at one end of the diaphragm 4 to support the inner cylinder member 5 from the inside of the diaphragm 4. By doing this, the outer cylinder member 6 can be crimped more accurately.
Then, the other end side of the diaphragm 4 is folded back inward, and one axial end of the second mounting member 3 is inserted into the opening on the other end side of the diaphragm 4. Subsequently, one axial end of the second mounting member 3 and the other end of the diaphragm 4 are pushed into one end of the axial direction, and are drawn out from the opening at one end of the diaphragm 4. The other end side of the diaphragm 4 and the second mounting member 3 are connected. Furthermore, after moving the second mounting member 3 to the other side in the axial direction with respect to the diaphragm 4, insert the other axial end of the first mounting member 2 into the opening on one end side of the diaphragm 4 and caulking The ring 7 connects one end side of the diaphragm 4 to the first mounting member 2. Furthermore, the stopper ring 25 is attached to the first attachment member 2 as necessary.
According to this manufacturing method, the outer diameter Do of the inner cylindrical member 5 is equal to or less than the inner diameter Di of the inner cylindrical member attachment position 45 of the diaphragm 4 in a state where the diaphragm 4 is not assembled to the air spring 1. The inner cylindrical member 5 can be easily attached to the inside of the housing.

以上、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明したが、本発明の空気ばねは、上記一例に限定されることは無く、適宜変更を加えることができ、例えば、空気ばねの第1取付部材および第2取付部材を同様の形状にすること、ダイヤフラムの第1取付部材側部分および第2取付部材側部分の形状を夫々同様の形状にすること、外筒部材でダイヤフラムの全てを取り囲むこと等、任意に変更することができる。   As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described with reference to drawings, the air spring of this invention is not limited to the said example, can be suitably changed, For example, the 1st attachment of an air spring The member and the second mounting member have the same shape, the shapes of the first mounting member side portion and the second mounting member side portion of the diaphragm are respectively the same shape, and all the diaphragm is surrounded by the outer cylinder member Etc. can be changed arbitrarily.

本発明によれば、ダイヤフラムの内側へ内筒部材を容易に取り付けることが可能な空気ばねを提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air spring capable of easily attaching the inner cylinder member to the inside of the diaphragm.

1:空気ばね、 2:第1取付部材、 21:第1側壁部、 22:第2側壁部、 23:連結部、 24:先端部、 25:ストッパーリング、 3:第2取付部材、 31:側壁部、 32:先端部、 33:連結部、 4:ダイヤフラム、 41:第1取付部材側部分、 42:揺動部、 43:第2取付部材側部分、 44:転動部、 45:内筒部材取付け位置、 46:一端側取付け部、 47:他端側取付け部、 5:内筒部材、 6:外筒部材、 6f:フランジ状部分、 7:カシメリング、 Do:内筒部材の外径、 Di:ダイヤフラムの内筒部材取付け位置での内径、 Rs:径方向距離、 Rr:径方向距離、 O:軸線 1: air spring 2: 2: first mounting member 21: first side wall portion 22: second side wall portion 23: connection portion 24: tip portion 25: stopper ring 3: second mounting member 31: Side wall portion 32: tip portion 33: connecting portion 4: 4: diaphragm 41: first mounting member side portion 42: swinging portion 43: second mounting member side portion 44: rolling portion 45: inside Cylinder member mounting position, 46: One end side mounting portion, 47: Other end side mounting portion, 5: Inner cylinder member, 6: Outer cylinder member, 6f: Flange-like portion, 7: Crimping, Do: Outside of the inner cylinder member Diameter, Di: Inner diameter of diaphragm at inner cylinder mounting position, Rs: Radial distance, Rr: Radial distance, O: Axis line

Claims (1)

振動発生部および振動受け部の一方に連結される第1取付部材と、
振動発生部および振動受け部の他方に連結される第2取付部材と、
弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が前記第1取付部材に取り付けられ、他端側が前記第2取付部材に取り付けられるダイヤフラムと、
前記ダイヤフラムの内側に取り付けられる内筒部材と、を備え、
前記ダイヤフラムは、当該ダイヤフラムの内部であって前記第1取付部材と前記第2取付部材との間に空気室を構成し、
前記内筒部材の外側には、前記ダイヤフラムの少なくとも一部を取り囲むように筒状の外筒部材が取り付けられ、
前記内筒部材の外径は、前記ダイヤフラムを空気ばねに組み付けない状態における、当該ダイヤフラムの内筒部材取付け位置での内径以下であり、
前記ダイヤフラムは、前記ダイヤフラムを空気ばねに組み付けない状態において、前記ダイヤフラムの内筒部材取付け位置での内径が最大内径となる樽状であることを特徴とする、空気ばね。
A first mounting member connected to one of the vibration generating unit and the vibration receiving unit;
A second mounting member connected to the other of the vibration generator and the vibration receiver;
A diaphragm which is in the form of a tubular film having elasticity, one end of which is attached to the first attachment member, and the other end of which is attached to the second attachment member;
And an inner cylinder member attached to the inside of the diaphragm.
The diaphragm constitutes an air chamber inside the diaphragm and between the first attachment member and the second attachment member.
A cylindrical outer cylinder member is attached to the outside of the inner cylinder member so as to surround at least a part of the diaphragm,
The outer diameter of the inner cylinder member in a state in which no assembling the diaphragm air spring state, and are an inner diameter less in the inner cylindrical member mounting position of the diaphragm,
The diaphragm, when no assembling the diaphragm air spring, the inner diameter of the inner cylindrical member mounting position of the diaphragm and said barrel der Rukoto with the maximum inside diameter, the air spring.
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