JP6511337B2 - Air spring - Google Patents

Air spring Download PDF

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JP6511337B2
JP6511337B2 JP2015112539A JP2015112539A JP6511337B2 JP 6511337 B2 JP6511337 B2 JP 6511337B2 JP 2015112539 A JP2015112539 A JP 2015112539A JP 2015112539 A JP2015112539 A JP 2015112539A JP 6511337 B2 JP6511337 B2 JP 6511337B2
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diaphragm
cylinder member
attached
inner cylinder
air spring
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JP2016223591A (en
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原田　陽一
陽一 原田
哲 安藤
哲 安藤
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Bridgestone Corp
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Description

本発明は、空気ばねに関する。   The present invention relates to an air spring.

従来、例えば自動車用のサスペンション、産業機械用の防振支持装置、シリンダ機器等に用いられるような空気ばねの一種として、ピストンの上部に例えばゴム等で筒状に形成されたダイヤフラムを配置するとともに、この上にチャンバが取り付けられ、振動発生部または振動受け部にこれらピストンやチャンバのいずれかがそれぞれ連結される構造の空気ばねが知られている（例えば特許文献１）。そして、このような空気ばねでは、振動が入力した場合には、軸線方向の相対変位がピストンとチャンバとの間に生じ、ダイヤフラム内の空気室で当該振動を吸収することができる。   Conventionally, for example, as a kind of air spring used for a suspension for automobiles, an antivibration support device for industrial machines, a cylinder device etc., a tubular diaphragm made of, for example, rubber etc. is disposed above the piston, There is known an air spring having a structure in which a chamber is attached and either the piston or the chamber is connected to a vibration generating unit or a vibration receiving unit (for example, Patent Document 1). In such an air spring, when vibration is input, relative displacement in the axial direction occurs between the piston and the chamber, and the vibration can be absorbed by the air chamber in the diaphragm.

特開２００６−１４４９４０号公報JP, 2006-144940, A

また、自動車用のサスペンション等として用いられる空気ばねとしては、上述の空気ばねの他、ダイヤフラム中の、振動発生部および振動受け部の一方に連結される第１取付部材側と、振動発生部および振動受け部の他方に連結される第２取付部材側とに、有効受圧面積が相互に異なる揺動部および転動部が形成される空気ばねが提案されている。しかし、このような空気ばねでは、ダイヤフラムの揺動部および転動部で、求められる耐久性や耐圧性など異なることがあり、かかる特性について調整することができていないことがあった。   Further, as an air spring used as a suspension or the like for automobiles, in addition to the above-described air spring, the first mounting member side connected to one of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion in the diaphragm, the vibration generating portion, There has been proposed an air spring in which swinging portions and rolling portions having different effective pressure receiving areas are formed on the second mounting member side connected to the other of the vibration receiving portions. However, in such an air spring, the required durability and pressure resistance may differ in the swinging portion and the rolling portion of the diaphragm, and such characteristics may not be adjusted.

そこで、本発明は、ダイヤフラムの揺動部および転動部の特性を、それぞれ別々に調整することができる空気ばねを提供することを目的とする。   Then, an object of this invention is to provide the air spring which can adjust separately the characteristic of the rocking | fluctuation part of a diaphragm, and a rolling part, respectively.

本発明の空気ばねは、振動発生部および振動受け部の一方に連結される第１取付部材と、振動発生部および振動受け部の他方に連結される第２取付部材と、前記第１取付部材と前記第２取付部材との間に配置される筒状の内筒部材と、弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が前記第１取付部材に取り付けられ、他端側が前記内筒部材に取付けられる第１ダイヤフラムと、弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が前記内筒部材に取り付けられ、他端側が前記第２取付部材に取付けられる第２ダイヤフラムと、を備え、前記第１ダイヤフラム、前記第２ダイヤフラムおよび前記内筒部材は、当該第１ダイヤフラム、第２ダイヤフラムおよび内筒部材の内部であって前記第１取付部材と前記第２取付部材との間に、空気室を構成し、前記内筒部材の外側には、前記第１ダイヤフラムまたは前記第２ダイヤフラムの少なくとも一部を取り囲むように筒状の外筒部材が取り付けられ、前記各ダイヤフラムの、軸線方向に沿った断面視における円弧状部分の中心を周方向に結んで形成される閉曲線で囲まれる部分であるダイヤフラム面積は、前記第２ダイヤフラムのダイヤフラム面積よりも前記第１ダイヤフラムのダイヤフラム面積が大きい、ことを特徴とする。
この発明の空気ばねによれば、ダイヤフラムの揺動部および転動部の特性を、それぞれ別々に調整することができる。 The air spring of the present invention comprises a first mounting member connected to one of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion, a second mounting member connected to the other of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion, and the first mounting member. And an inner cylindrical member disposed between the second attachment member and the second attachment member, and an elastic cylindrical membrane shape, one end side is attached to the first attachment member, and the other end side is attached to the inner cylindrical member A first diaphragm, and a second diaphragm having one end side attached to the inner cylinder member and the other end side attached to the second attachment member, wherein the first diaphragm The second diaphragm and the inner cylinder member constitute an air chamber inside the first diaphragm, the second diaphragm and the inner cylinder member and between the first attachment member and the second attachment member, Outside of inner cylinder member A cylindrical outer cylinder member is attached so as to surround at least a part of the first diaphragm or the second diaphragm, and the circumferential direction of the center of the arc-shaped portion of each diaphragm in a sectional view along the axial direction The diaphragm area, which is a portion surrounded by a closed curve formed by connecting to each other, is characterized in that the diaphragm area of the first diaphragm is larger than the diaphragm area of the second diaphragm.
According to the air spring of the present invention, the characteristics of the swinging portion and the rolling portion of the diaphragm can be adjusted separately.

ここで、本発明の空気ばねでは、前記外筒部材と前記内筒部材とは、結合部を介して連結され、前記結合部は、前記第１ダイヤフラムの他端側端部と前記第２ダイヤフラムの一端側端部との間に位置していることが好ましい。
この構成によれば、空気ばねの耐久性を向上させることができる。 Here, in the air spring according to the present invention, the outer cylinder member and the inner cylinder member are connected via a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is the other end of the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm. It is preferable to be located between one end and the end of the
According to this configuration, the durability of the air spring can be improved.

また、本発明の空気ばねでは、前記第１ダイヤフラムの円弧状部分は、前記外筒部材に取り囲まれていない部分を有し、前記第２ダイヤフラムの円弧状部分は、前記外筒部材に取り囲まれていることが好ましい。
この構成によれば、ダイヤフラムの揺動部および転動部の特性を、それぞれ別々に十分に調整することができる。 In the air spring according to the present invention, the arc-shaped portion of the first diaphragm has a portion not surrounded by the outer cylinder member, and the arc-shaped portion of the second diaphragm is surrounded by the outer cylinder member. Is preferred.
According to this configuration, the characteristics of the swinging portion and the rolling portion of the diaphragm can be sufficiently adjusted separately.

本発明によれば、ダイヤフラムの揺動部および転動部の特性を、それぞれ別々に調整することができる空気ばねを提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air spring capable of adjusting the characteristics of the swinging portion and the rolling portion of the diaphragm separately.

本発明の一実施形態に係る空気ばねを示す、軸線方向に沿った断面図である。It is a sectional view along an axial direction showing an air spring concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

以下に、図面を参照しつつ、本発明の実施形態について例示説明する。
図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る空気ばね１を示す、軸線方向に沿った断面図である。
本実施形態に係る空気ばね１は、例えば乗用車に用いるものであって、タイヤ側（振動発生部（地面からの振動を受けるサスペンション））と車体側（振動受部）との連結部分等に配置されて振動発生部から振動受部への振動や衝撃が伝達するのを防ぐことができる。 Embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated and described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view showing an air spring 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The air spring 1 according to the present embodiment is used, for example, for a passenger car, and is disposed at a connection portion between a tire side (a vibration generating unit (suspension receiving vibration from the ground)) and a vehicle body side (a vibration receiving unit). As a result, it is possible to prevent the transmission of vibration and impact from the vibration generating unit to the vibration receiving unit.

本実施形態に係る空気ばね１は、振動発生部および振動受け部の一方（本例では振動受け部。より具体的には車体側）に連結される第１取付部材２と、振動発生部および振動受け部の他方（本例では振動発生部。より具体的にはタイヤ側）に連結される第２取付部材３と、第１取付部材２と第２取付部材３との間に配置される筒状の内筒部材４と、弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が第１取付部材２に取り付けられ、他端側が内筒部材４に取付けられる第１ダイヤフラム５と、弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が内筒部材４に取り付けられ、他端側が第２取付部材３に取付けられる、第１ダイヤフラム５とは別体の第２ダイヤフラム６と、を備えている。また、この空気ばね１では、第１ダイヤフラム５、第２ダイヤフラム６および内筒部材４は、当該第１ダイヤフラム５、第２ダイヤフラム６および内筒部材４の内部であって第１取付部材２と第２取付部材３との間に空気室を構成し、内筒部材４の外側には、第１ダイヤフラム５または第２ダイヤフラム６の少なくとも一部を取り囲むように筒状の外筒部材７が取り付けられている。
なお、図示の例では、第１取付部材２、第２取付部材３、内筒部材４、第１ダイヤフラム５、第２ダイヤフラム６および外筒部材７は、共通軸を有するように同軸に配置されている。以下、この共通軸を軸線Ｏとも称し、軸線Ｏに沿う方向を軸線方向といい、軸線Ｏに直交する方向を径方向といい、軸線Ｏ周りに周回する方向を周方向という。 The air spring 1 according to the present embodiment includes a first attachment member 2 connected to one of a vibration generating unit and a vibration receiving unit (in this example, a vibration receiving unit, more specifically, a vehicle body side), a vibration generating unit, It is disposed between the first mounting member 2 and the second mounting member 3 and the second mounting member 3 connected to the other of the vibration receiving portions (in this example, the vibration generating portion; more specifically, the tire side) A tubular inner tubular member 4, a tubular membrane having elasticity, a first diaphragm 5 having one end attached to the first mounting member 2 and a second end attached to the inner tubular member 4, and a tubular membrane having elasticity And a second diaphragm 6 which is separate from the first diaphragm 5 and has one end attached to the inner cylindrical member 4 and the other end attached to the second mounting member 3. Further, in the air spring 1, the first diaphragm 5, the second diaphragm 6 and the inner cylindrical member 4 are inside the first diaphragm 5, the second diaphragm 6 and the inner cylindrical member 4, and An air chamber is formed between the second attachment member 3 and the cylindrical outer cylinder member 7 attached to the outside of the inner cylinder member 4 so as to surround at least a part of the first diaphragm 5 or the second diaphragm 6 It is done.
In the illustrated example, the first attachment member 2, the second attachment member 3, the inner cylinder member 4, the first diaphragm 5, the second diaphragm 6 and the outer cylinder member 7 are coaxially arranged to have a common axis. ing. Hereinafter, this common axis is also referred to as an axis O, a direction along the axis O is referred to as an axis direction, a direction orthogonal to the axis O is referred to as a radial direction, and a direction circling around the axis O is referred to as a circumferential direction.

第１取付部材２は、軸線方向一方側（図では上側）に位置する、径方向断面で円形の第１側壁部２１と、第１側壁部２１に軸線方向他方側（図では下側）に隣接するとともに第１側壁部２１よりも外径が小さい、径方向断面で円形の第２側壁部２２と、第１側壁部２１に軸線方向一方側に隣接する振動発生部または振動受け部に連結するための連結部２３と、第２側壁部２２の軸線方向他方側に位置する略平面状の先端部２４とを備えている。また、第１取付部材２は、第２側壁部２２の外周側に設けられるとともに、第２側壁部２２の軸線方向長さよりも僅かに短く、外径が第１側壁部２１と略同一のストッパーリング２５を備えている。ストッパーリング２５は、第１ダイヤフラム５の過度の変形を抑えることができ、また、ストッパーリング２５のうち、後述の第１ダイヤフラム５により形成されている揺動部５１と接触する部分の形状（外表面の外径など）を変化させることで、当該揺動部５１の曲面形状の円弧部分の中心位置を、例えば空気ばね１の径方向に調整することができる。なお、本発明において、ストッパーリング２５を設けることは必須の構成ではなく、また、揺動部５１の曲面形状の円弧部分の中心位置は、ストッパーリング２５によらなくても調整することができる。   The first mounting member 2 is located on one side in the axial direction (upper side in the figure), and on the other side (lower side in the figure) of the first side wall 21 circular in radial section and the first side wall 21 Connected to a second side wall 22 which is circular in radial cross section and has an outer diameter smaller than that of the first side wall 21 and a vibration generating part or a vibration receiving part adjacent to the first side wall 21 in the axial direction. And a substantially planar tip portion 24 located on the other side of the second side wall 22 in the axial direction. Further, the first mounting member 2 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the second side wall portion 22 and is slightly shorter than the axial length of the second side wall portion 22 and has a stopper whose outer diameter is substantially the same as the first side wall portion 21 A ring 25 is provided. The stopper ring 25 can suppress excessive deformation of the first diaphragm 5, and the shape of the portion of the stopper ring 25 in contact with the swinging portion 51 formed by the first diaphragm 5 described later (outside) By changing the outer diameter of the surface or the like, the central position of the curved arc portion of the rocking portion 51 can be adjusted, for example, in the radial direction of the air spring 1. In the present invention, provision of the stopper ring 25 is not an essential component, and the center position of the curved arc portion of the swinging portion 51 can be adjusted without using the stopper ring 25.

また、図示の例では、第１取付部材２の第１側壁部２１および第２側壁部２２は、軸線方向でその外径が略一定となっている。
また、第２側壁部２２はその軸線方向他方側端部の外周に、後述の第１ダイヤフラム５の一端側が取り付けられる。
第１取付部材２の連結部２３は、振動発生部または振動受け部に連結することができればその連結方法は任意にすることができ、例えばボルト・ナット締結、ピン締結（ピンを穴に差し込み締結する）等により連結することができる。 Further, in the illustrated example, the outer diameters of the first side wall 21 and the second side wall 22 of the first mounting member 2 are substantially constant in the axial direction.
Further, one end side of a first diaphragm 5 to be described later is attached to the outer periphery of the second side wall portion 22 at the other axial direction end portion.
The connecting portion 23 of the first mounting member 2 can be connected to the vibration generating portion or the vibration receiving portion by any connecting method. For example, bolt and nut fastening, pin fastening (pin is inserted into a hole and fastened And so on).

また、第１取付部材２、後述の第２取付部材３、内筒部材４、および外筒部材７は、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば金属で形成することができる。   The first mounting member 2, the second mounting member 3 described later, the inner cylindrical member 4, and the outer cylindrical member 7 are not particularly limited, but can be formed of, for example, metal.

第２取付部材３は、径方向断面で円形の側壁部３１と、側壁部３１の軸線方向一方側（図では上側）に位置する略平面状の先端部３２と、側壁部３１の軸線方向他方側（図では下側）に位置し、振動発生部または振動受け部に連結する連結部３３とを備えている。図示の例では、側壁部３１は、軸線方向でその外径が略一定となっている。なお、ばね特性調整のため、側壁部３１の外径形状をテーパに構成してもよい。
また、第２取付部材３の連結部３３は、振動発生部または振動受け部に連結することができればその連結方法は任意にすることができ、例えば、ボルト締結、ピン締結等により連結することができる。 The second mounting member 3 has a side wall 31 circular in radial cross section, a substantially planar tip 32 positioned on one side (upper side in the figure) of the side wall 31 in the axial direction, and the other in the axial direction of the side wall 31 It has a connecting portion 33 located on the side (the lower side in the figure) and connected to the vibration generating portion or the vibration receiving portion. In the illustrated example, the outer diameter of the side wall 31 is substantially constant in the axial direction. The outer diameter of the side wall 31 may be tapered to adjust the spring characteristics.
In addition, the connecting portion 33 of the second mounting member 3 can be connected to any method as long as it can be connected to the vibration generating portion or the vibration receiving portion. For example, connection can be performed by bolt fastening, pin fastening, etc. it can.

この実施形態では、第１取付部材２および第２取付部材３は、中空体となっており、それらの内容積を変更することでばね特性を調整可能となっているが、中実体とすることもできる。   In this embodiment, the first mounting member 2 and the second mounting member 3 are hollow bodies, and the spring characteristics can be adjusted by changing their internal volumes, but it is a solid body You can also.

内筒部材４は、円筒状であって、第１取付部材２と第２取付部材３との間に配置されるものである。この実施形態では、内筒部材４は、第２取付部材３の外径よりも大きい内径を有しており、また、第１取付部材２の外径よりも小さい外径を有している。また、内筒部材４は、その軸線方向長さが、後述の外筒部材７の軸線方向長さよりも短くなっている。また、図示の例では、内筒部材４は、軸線方向に略一定の内径、外径を有している。
なお、後述のように、第１ダイヤフラム５が形成する揺動部５１に含まれる円弧状部分の第１ダイヤフラム５のダイヤフラム面積が、第２ダイヤフラム６が形成する転動部６１に含まれる第２ダイヤフラム６のダイヤフラム面積よりも大きくなっていれば、内筒部材４の内径、外径は、第１取付部材２や第２取付部材３の外径との関係において任意にすることができる。 The inner cylindrical member 4 has a cylindrical shape and is disposed between the first mounting member 2 and the second mounting member 3. In this embodiment, the inner cylindrical member 4 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the second mounting member 3 and has an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the first mounting member 2. Further, the axial length of the inner cylindrical member 4 is shorter than the axial length of the outer cylindrical member 7 described later. Further, in the illustrated example, the inner cylindrical member 4 has an inner diameter and an outer diameter that are substantially constant in the axial direction.
As will be described later, the diaphragm area of the first diaphragm 5 in the arc-shaped portion included in the swinging portion 51 formed by the first diaphragm 5 is included in the second rolling portion 61 formed by the second diaphragm 6. If it is larger than the diaphragm area of the diaphragm 6, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the inner cylindrical member 4 can be arbitrarily set in relation to the outer diameters of the first mounting member 2 and the second mounting member 3.

第１ダイヤフラム５および第２ダイヤフラム６は、例えばゴムからなる弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、第１ダイヤフラム５は、一端側が第１取付部材２に取り付けられ、他端側が内筒部材４に取付けられ、また、第２ダイヤフラム６は、一端側が内筒部材４に取り付けられ、他端側が第２取付部材３に取付けられる。また、第１ダイヤフラム５および第２ダイヤフラム６は、その内部に例えば有機繊維、より具体的にはナイロン繊維等からなるコードを複数埋設させることができる。また、当該コードは、各ダイヤフラムを空気ばね１から取り外した状態で、その軸線Ｏに対して、例えば、第１ダイヤフラム５は３２〜４２°の角度、第２ダイヤフラム６は第１ダイヤフラム５の角度よりも小さく、且つ、２５〜３２°の角度とすることができる。   The first diaphragm 5 and the second diaphragm 6 are in the form of a tubular film having elasticity, for example, made of rubber, and one end of the first diaphragm 5 is attached to the first mounting member 2 and the other end is attached to the inner cylindrical member 4 The second diaphragm 6 is attached at one end to the inner cylindrical member 4 and at the other end to the second mounting member 3. In addition, the first diaphragm 5 and the second diaphragm 6 can have a plurality of cords made of, for example, organic fibers, more specifically, nylon fibers, embedded therein. Further, in a state in which each of the diaphragms is removed from the air spring 1, for example, the first diaphragm 5 is at an angle of 32 to 42 ° and the second diaphragm 6 is at an angle of the first diaphragm 5 with each diaphragm removed from the air spring 1. The angle may be smaller and may be 25 to 32 degrees.

第１ダイヤフラム５の一端側および他端側、並びに、第２ダイヤフラム６の一端側および他端側の、第１取付部材２、内筒部材４、第２取付部材３への取り付けは、限定されるものではないがカシメリング８を用いて、かしめることにより取り付けることができる。
具体的には、第１ダイヤフラム５の一端側の第１取付部材２への取り付けは、第１ダイヤフラム５の一端側を、軸線方向一方側に向けて、第１取付部材２、より具体的には第１取付部材２の第２側壁部２２の軸線方向他方側端部に、その外周側から覆うように嵌め込み、さらにカシメリング８で第１ダイヤフラム５を挟み込むようにかしめることで行うことができる。また、第２ダイヤフラム６の他端側の第２取付部材３への取り付けは、第２ダイヤフラム６の他端側を、軸線方向一方側に向けて第２取付部材３、より具体的には第２取付部材３の側壁部３１の軸線方向一方側端部に、その外周側から覆うように嵌め込み、さらにカシメリング８で第２ダイヤフラム６を挟み込むようにかしめることで行うことができる。さらに、第１ダイヤフラム５の他端側、第２ダイヤフラム６の一方側の内筒部材４への取り付けは、各ダイヤフラムの端側を、内筒部材４の軸線方向各端側に向けて、内筒部材４、より具体的には内筒部材４の軸線方向各端部に、その外周側から覆うように嵌め込み、さらにカシメリング８で各ダイヤフラム５、６をそれぞれ挟み込むようにかしめることで行うことができる。 Attachment to the first attachment member 2, the inner cylindrical member 4, and the second attachment member 3 on one end side and the other end side of the first diaphragm 5 and one end side and the other end side of the second diaphragm 6 is limited. Although it is not a thing, it can attach by caulking using the crimping ring 8.
Specifically, the attachment of the first diaphragm 5 to the first attachment member 2 at one end side of the first diaphragm 5 is directed more specifically to the first attachment member 2 with the one end side of the first diaphragm 5 directed to one side in the axial direction. The second side wall 22 of the first mounting member 2 is inserted into the other axial end of the second side wall 22 so as to cover it from the outer peripheral side, and is further crimped by crimping the first diaphragm 5 with the caulking ring 8. it can. Further, the attachment of the other end of the second diaphragm 6 to the second attachment member 3 is such that the other end of the second diaphragm 6 is directed to one side in the axial direction, more specifically, the second attachment member 3. The second side wall portion 31 of the mounting member 3 can be inserted into the one axial end of the side wall portion 31 so as to cover it from the outer peripheral side, and the second diaphragm 6 can be crimped by crimping with a crimping ring 8. Furthermore, the other end side of the first diaphragm 5 and one side of the second diaphragm 6 attached to the inner cylindrical member 4 are such that the end side of each diaphragm is directed to each axial end side of the inner cylindrical member 4 More specifically, the cylindrical member 4 is fitted to each axial end of the inner cylindrical member 4 so as to cover it from the outer peripheral side, and is further caulked so as to sandwich the diaphragms 5 and 6 with the caulking ring 8 respectively. be able to.

外筒部材７は、筒状であって、内筒部材４の外側に、第１ダイヤフラム５または第２ダイヤフラム６の少なくとも一部を取り囲むように取り付けられている。この実施形態では、揺動部５１は、外筒部材７に取り囲まれていない部分を有し、転動部６１は、外筒部材７に取り囲まれており、より具体的には、外筒部材７は第１ダイヤフラム５の一部および第２ダイヤフラム６の全てを取り囲んでいる。
また、外筒部材７は、この例では第１取付部材２および第２取付部材３のいずれにも連結・固定されていない。 The outer cylindrical member 7 is cylindrical, and is attached to the outside of the inner cylindrical member 4 so as to surround at least a part of the first diaphragm 5 or the second diaphragm 6. In this embodiment, the swinging portion 51 has a portion not surrounded by the outer cylinder member 7, and the rolling portion 61 is surrounded by the outer cylinder member 7. More specifically, the outer cylinder member 7 Reference numeral 7 surrounds a portion of the first diaphragm 5 and all of the second diaphragm 6.
Moreover, the outer cylinder member 7 is not connected and fixed to any of the 1st attachment member 2 and the 2nd attachment member 3 in this example.

また、内筒部材４が外筒部材７の内側に配置された状態で、外筒部材７のうち、内筒部材４よりも軸線方向他方側の部分を外筒部材他方側部分７１とし、内筒部材４と径方向で重複する部分および当該部分より軸線方向一方側の部分を外筒部材一方側部分７２とするとき、この実施形態では、外筒部材他方側部分７１の内径（図示の例では外径も）が略一定になっている。また、外筒部材一方側部分７２は、外筒部材他方側部分７１よりも内径が大きい部分を有しており、当該部分は、軸線方向他方側から一方側に向かって内径が漸増している。さらに、外筒部材一方側部分７２の軸線方向一方側（一端側）は、フランジ状になっている。図示の例では、フランジ状部分７２ｆの軸線方向一方側は、内筒部材４よりも軸線方向一方側に位置しており、フランジ状部分７２ｆの形状を調整する（例えば内径の大小を調整する）ことにより、後述の第１ダイヤフラム５により形成されている揺動部５１の曲面形状の円弧部分の中心位置を、例えば空気ばね１の径方向に調整することができる。また、外筒部材６の軸線方向一方側をフランジ状にすることにより（フランジ状部分６ｆを設けることにより）、外筒部材６の端部エッジによるダイヤフラムが摩耗するのを低減することができる。   Further, in the state where the inner cylindrical member 4 is disposed inside the outer cylindrical member 7, the portion on the other axial side of the outer cylindrical member 7 with respect to the inner cylindrical member 4 is taken as the other side 71 of the outer cylindrical member When the portion overlapping with the cylindrical member 4 in the radial direction and the portion on the one side in the axial direction from the portion are the outer cylinder member one side portion 72, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the other side portion 71 of the outer cylinder member Then the outer diameter is almost constant. Moreover, the outer cylinder member one side part 72 has a part with an internal diameter larger than the outer cylinder member other side part 71, and the said part is increasing the internal diameter gradually toward one side from the other side in the axial direction. . Furthermore, the axial direction one side (one end side) of the outer cylinder member one side portion 72 is flange-shaped. In the illustrated example, one side in the axial direction of the flange-like portion 72f is located on one side in the axial direction relative to the inner cylindrical member 4, and the shape of the flange-like portion 72f is adjusted (for example, the size of inner diameter is adjusted) Thus, the central position of the curved arc portion of the curved portion 51 formed by the first diaphragm 5 described later can be adjusted, for example, in the radial direction of the air spring 1. Further, by making one side in the axial direction of the outer cylindrical member 6 flange-shaped (by providing the flange-like portion 6f), it is possible to reduce the wear of the diaphragm due to the end edge of the outer cylindrical member 6.

外筒部材７と内筒部材４との結合は任意の方法で行うことができ、例えば各ダイヤフラムを介して、または介さずに外筒部材７をかしめることにより行うことができる（なお「各ダイヤフラムを介さずに」とは、外筒部材７と内筒部材４との間の各ダイヤフラムが位置していない部分で、ということを意味する）。
また、この実施形態では、外筒部材７と内筒部材４とは、（各ダイヤフラム５、６を介さずに）結合部９を介して連結させることができ、さらに、当該結合部９は、第１ダイヤフラム５の他端側端部と第２ダイヤフラム６の一端側端部との間に位置させることができる。具体的には、結合部９は外筒部材７の外表面から内筒部材４中へ挿入し各部材を螺合するネジとすることができる。 The connection between the outer cylindrical member 7 and the inner cylindrical member 4 can be performed by any method, for example, by caulking the outer cylindrical member 7 with or without each diaphragm (note that “each The phrase “without a diaphragm” means that the respective diaphragms between the outer cylinder member 7 and the inner cylinder member 4 are not located).
Further, in this embodiment, the outer cylindrical member 7 and the inner cylindrical member 4 can be connected via the connecting portion 9 (without interposing the respective diaphragms 5 and 6). It can be positioned between the other end of the first diaphragm 5 and the one end of the second diaphragm 6. Specifically, the coupling portion 9 can be a screw which is inserted from the outer surface of the outer cylindrical member 7 into the inner cylindrical member 4 and screw-engages the respective members.

この実施形態の空気ばね１では、第１ダイヤフラム５および第２ダイヤフラム６の、軸線方向に沿った断面視における円弧状部分について、当該円弧状部分の中心を周方向に結んで形成される閉曲線で囲まれる部分であるダイヤフラム面積は、第２ダイヤフラム６のダイヤフラム面積よりも第１ダイヤフラム５のダイヤフラム面積が大きくなっている。また、空気ばね１が組み立てられ、鉛直方向に配置された状態で（荷重入力時）、第１ダイヤフラム５は、折り返されて、円弧状部分を含む揺動部５１を形成し、第２ダイヤフラム６は、折り返されて、円弧状部分を含む転動部６１を形成している。
換言すれば、揺動部５１の円弧部分の中心の軸線Ｏからの径方向距離Ｒｓが、転動部６１の円弧部分の中心の軸線Ｏからの径方向距離Ｒｒよりも大きくなっている。 In the air spring 1 of this embodiment, a closed curve is formed by connecting the centers of the arc-shaped portions in the circumferential direction with respect to the arc-shaped portions of the first diaphragm 5 and the second diaphragm 6 in a sectional view along the axial direction. The diaphragm area which is the part to be enclosed is larger than the diaphragm area of the second diaphragm 6 in the diaphragm area of the first diaphragm 5. Further, in a state where the air spring 1 is assembled and arranged in the vertical direction (during load input), the first diaphragm 5 is folded back to form a swinging portion 51 including an arc-shaped portion, and the second diaphragm 6 is formed. Are folded back to form a rolling portion 61 including an arc-shaped portion.
In other words, the radial distance Rs from the axis O of the center of the arc portion of the rocking portion 51 is larger than the radial distance Rr from the axis O of the center of the arc portion of the rolling portion 61.

この実施形態では、第１ダイヤフラム５の円弧状部分は、揺動部５１内に形成されるとともに、第１取付部材２や外筒部材７に接触せず、ダイヤフラム内の空気圧により軸線方向一方側および径方向外側に凸状に膨らみ変形した曲面を含む部分である。また揺動部５１は、内筒部材４の軸線方向一方側端部と、第１取付部材２の第２側壁部２２の軸線方向他方側端部との間に形成されている。
また、第２ダイヤフラム６の円弧状部分は、転動部６１内に形成されるとともに、第２取付部材３や外筒部材７に接触せず、ダイヤフラム内の空気圧により軸線方向他方側に凸状に膨らみ変形した曲面を含む部分である。また転動部６１は、外筒部材他方側部分７１と第２取付部材３の側壁部３１との間に形成されている。より具体的には、転動部６１は、軸線方向一方側から他方側に向けて、第２取付部材３の側壁部３１の外周面上を沿うように延び、第２取付部材３の側壁部３１と外筒部材他方側部分７１との間に円弧状部分を形成し、軸線方向他方側から一方側に向けて、外筒部材他方側部分７１の内周面上を沿うように延びて形成されている。 In this embodiment, the arc-shaped portion of the first diaphragm 5 is formed in the swinging portion 51 and does not contact the first attachment member 2 or the outer cylindrical member 7 and one side in the axial direction due to the air pressure in the diaphragm. And it is a part containing the curved surface which carried out convex deformation to the diameter direction outside convexly. The swinging portion 51 is formed between one axial end of the inner cylindrical member 4 and the other axial end of the second side wall 22 of the first mounting member 2.
The arc-shaped portion of the second diaphragm 6 is formed in the rolling portion 61 and does not contact the second attachment member 3 or the outer cylindrical member 7 and is convex on the other side in the axial direction by the air pressure in the diaphragm. It is a part including a curved surface that has been bulging and deformed. Further, the rolling portion 61 is formed between the outer cylinder member second side portion 71 and the side wall portion 31 of the second mounting member 3. More specifically, the rolling portion 61 extends from one axial direction to the other side along the outer peripheral surface of the side wall portion 31 of the second mounting member 3, and the side wall portion of the second mounting member 3 An arc-shaped portion is formed between the portion 31 and the other side portion 71 of the outer cylinder member, and extends along the inner circumferential surface of the other side portion 71 of the outer cylinder member from the other side in the axial direction toward one side. It is done.

この実施形態の空気ばね１の作用・効果を、以下説明する。
この実施形態の空気ばね１では、内筒部材４の外側に、第１ダイヤフラム５または第２ダイヤフラム６の少なくとも一部を取り囲むように外筒部材７を取り付けることにより、ダイヤフラムのうち外筒部材７に覆われた部分は、空気ばね１が荷重を負荷した際にダイヤフラムの膨張が制限されるので、ダイヤフラムによって空気ばね１のばね特性を外筒部材７との関係で調整することができる。
また、空気ばね１に荷重が入力された際、第１ダイヤフラム５で揺動部５１が形成され、また、第２ダイヤフラム６で転動部６１が形成されているので、空気ばね１に振動が入力された場合には、第２ダイヤフラム６のダイヤフラム面積が相対的に小さい転動部６１側の第２取付部材３は、ダイヤフラムにより形成される空気室を相対的に圧縮しやすくなる（相対的にばねが軟らかい）。また、第１ダイヤフラム５のダイヤフラム面積が相対的に大きい揺動部５１側の第１取付部材２は、空気室を相対的に圧縮しにくくなる（相対的にばねが硬い）。それ故に、転動部６１では空気ばね１に対して軸線方向の相対変位が生じるような方向の振動を主に吸収することができ、揺動部５１では空気ばね１に対してこじり変形するような方向の振動を主に吸収することができる。 The action and effect of the air spring 1 of this embodiment will be described below.
In the air spring 1 according to this embodiment, the outer cylindrical member 7 is attached to the outer side of the inner cylindrical member 4 so as to surround at least a part of the first diaphragm 5 or the second diaphragm 6. Since the portion covered by the is limited expansion of the diaphragm when the air spring 1 is loaded, the diaphragm can adjust the spring characteristics of the air spring 1 in relation to the outer cylindrical member 7.
In addition, when a load is input to the air spring 1, the swinging portion 51 is formed by the first diaphragm 5, and the rolling portion 61 is formed by the second diaphragm 6. Therefore, the air spring 1 vibrates. When it is input, the second mounting member 3 on the rolling portion 61 side where the diaphragm area of the second diaphragm 6 is relatively small tends to relatively compress the air chamber formed by the diaphragm (relatively Spring is soft). In addition, the first mounting member 2 on the swinging portion 51 side where the diaphragm area of the first diaphragm 5 is relatively large is relatively difficult to compress the air chamber (the spring is relatively hard). Therefore, the rolling portion 61 can mainly absorb vibration in such a direction that relative displacement occurs in the axial direction with respect to the air spring 1, and the swinging portion 51 causes the air spring 1 to be distorted in a distorted manner. Vibration in any direction can be absorbed mainly.

ところで、ダイヤフラム中の第１取付部材側と第２取付部材側とに揺動部および転動部が形成された、従来の空気ばねにおいては、ダイヤフラムの揺動部および転動部で、所望される耐久性や耐圧性など異なることがあり、かかる特性について調整することができていないことがあった。
これに対して、この実施形態の空気ばね１は、一端側が第１取付部材２に取り付けられ、他端側が内筒部材４に取付けられる第１ダイヤフラム５と、一端側が内筒部材４に取り付けられ、他端側が第２取付部材３に取付けられる第２ダイヤフラム６とを備えることにより、この実施形態の空気ばね１のダイヤフラムは分割されているので、各ダイヤフラム５、６に求められる耐久性や耐圧性などの特性について調整することができる。また、揺動部５１および転動部６１のそれぞれのばね特性を十分調整することができる。 By the way, in the conventional air spring in which the swinging portion and the rolling portion are formed on the first mounting member side and the second mounting member side in the diaphragm, the swinging portion and the rolling portion of the diaphragm are desired. Durability, pressure resistance, etc., and such characteristics could not be adjusted.
On the other hand, in the air spring 1 of this embodiment, the first diaphragm 5 has one end attached to the first attachment member 2 and the other end attached to the inner cylindrical member 4, and one end attached to the inner cylindrical member 4. Since the diaphragm of the air spring 1 of this embodiment is divided by providing the second diaphragm 6 attached to the second attachment member 3 at the other end side, the durability and the pressure resistance required for each of the diaphragms 5 and 6 are obtained. It can be adjusted about characteristics such as sex. Further, the spring characteristics of each of the rocking portion 51 and the rolling portion 61 can be sufficiently adjusted.

また、本発明の空気ばね１では、この実施形態のように、外筒部材７と内筒部材４とが結合部９を介して連結され、結合部９が、第１ダイヤフラム５の他端側端部と第２ダイヤフラム６の一端側端部との間に位置していることが好ましい。従来の空気ばねのように一体的なダイヤフラムを用いた場合には、外筒部材と内筒部材との連結は、ダイヤフラムを間に挟んで外筒部材を内筒部材へかしめることにより行うことができるが、この実施形態の空気ばね１では、第１ダイヤフラム５の他端側端部と第２ダイヤフラム６の一端側端部との間に位置する、外筒部材７と内筒部材４とを結合部９で連結することにより、外筒部材７と内筒部材４とを直接連結することができるので、その連結を強固にすることができる。したがって、空気ばね１の耐久性を向上させることができる。   Further, in the air spring 1 of the present invention, as in this embodiment, the outer cylindrical member 7 and the inner cylindrical member 4 are connected via the connecting portion 9, and the connecting portion 9 is on the other end side of the first diaphragm 5. It is preferably located between the end and one end of the second diaphragm 6. When an integral diaphragm is used like a conventional air spring, the connection between the outer cylinder member and the inner cylinder member is performed by caulking the outer cylinder member to the inner cylinder member with the diaphragm interposed therebetween. In the air spring 1 of this embodiment, the outer cylindrical member 7 and the inner cylindrical member 4 are disposed between the other end of the first diaphragm 5 and the one end of the second diaphragm 6. Since the outer cylinder member 7 and the inner cylinder member 4 can be directly connected by connecting them with the joint portion 9, the connection can be strengthened. Therefore, the durability of the air spring 1 can be improved.

さらに、本発明の空気ばね１では、この実施形態のように、第１ダイヤフラム５の円弧状部分が外筒部材７に取り囲まれていない部分を有し、第２ダイヤフラム６の円弧状部分が外筒部材７に取り囲まれていることが好ましい。各ダイヤフラム５、６と外筒部材７との配置関係を上記のようにすることにより、転動部６１および揺動部５１のばね特性などの特性を、それぞれ別々に十分に調整することができる。なお、図示の例では、転動部６１も外筒部材７に取り囲まれている。   Furthermore, in the air spring 1 of the present invention, as in this embodiment, the arc-shaped portion of the first diaphragm 5 has a portion not surrounded by the outer cylinder member 7, and the arc-shaped portion of the second diaphragm 6 is not It is preferable to be surrounded by the cylindrical member 7. By setting the arrangement relationship between the diaphragms 5 and 6 and the outer cylindrical member 7 as described above, the characteristics such as the spring characteristics of the rolling portion 61 and the rocking portion 51 can be sufficiently adjusted separately. . In the illustrated example, the rolling portion 61 is also surrounded by the outer cylindrical member 7.

また、第１ダイヤフラム５、第２ダイヤフラム６に埋設される複数のコードは、各ダイヤフラムを空気ばね１から取り外した状態で、その軸線Ｏに対して、第１ダイヤフラム５は３２〜４２°の角度、第２ダイヤフラム６は第１ダイヤフラム５の角度よりも小さく、且つ、２５〜３２°の角度とすることが好ましい。第１ダイヤフラム５のコードを３２〜４２°の角度にすることにより、適切な範囲で第１ダイヤフラム５が径方向外側に膨らみにくくなるので、揺動部５１のばねを相対的に硬くすることができる。また、第２ダイヤフラム６のコードを、第１ダイヤフラム５の角度よりも小さく、且つ、２５〜３２°の角度とすることにより、適切な範囲で第２ダイヤフラム６が径方向外側に膨らみやすくなるので、転動部６１のばねを相対的に柔らかくすることができる。   Further, with the plurality of cords embedded in the first diaphragm 5 and the second diaphragm 6, with the respective diaphragms removed from the air spring 1, the first diaphragm 5 has an angle of 32 to 42 ° with respect to the axis O thereof. Preferably, the second diaphragm 6 is smaller than the angle of the first diaphragm 5 and has an angle of 25 to 32 degrees. By making the cord of the first diaphragm 5 at an angle of 32 to 42 °, the first diaphragm 5 does not easily expand radially outward in an appropriate range, so that the spring of the rocking portion 51 can be relatively hardened. it can. In addition, by making the cord of the second diaphragm 6 smaller than the angle of the first diaphragm 5 and at an angle of 25 to 32 °, the second diaphragm 6 tends to expand radially outward in an appropriate range. , The spring of the rolling portion 61 can be relatively softened.

以上、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明したが、本発明の空気ばねは、上記一例に限定されることは無く、適宜変更を加えることができる。   As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described with reference to drawings, the air spring of this invention is not limited to the said example, A change can be added suitably.

本発明によれば、ダイヤフラムの揺動部および転動部の特性を、それぞれ別々に調整することができる空気ばねを提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air spring capable of adjusting the characteristics of the swinging portion and the rolling portion of the diaphragm separately.

１：空気ばね、 ２：第１取付部材、 ２１：第１側壁部、 ２２：第２側壁部、 ２３：連結部、 ２４：先端部、 ２５：ストッパーリング、 ３：第２取付部材、 ３１：側壁部、 ３２：先端部、 ３３：連結部、 ４：内筒部材、 ５：第１ダイヤフラム、 ５１：揺動部、 ６：第２ダイヤフラム、 ６１：転動部、 ７：外筒部材、 ７１：外筒部材他方側部分、 ７２：外筒部材一方側部分、 ７２ｆ：フランジ状部分、 ８：カシメリング、 ９：結合部、 Ｒｓ：径方向距離、 Ｒｒ：径方向距離、 Ｏ：軸線 1: air spring 2: 2: first mounting member 21: first side wall portion 22: second side wall portion 23: connection portion 24: tip portion 25: stopper ring 3: second mounting member 31: Side wall portion 32: tip portion 33: connecting portion 4: 4: inner cylindrical member 5: first diaphragm 51: rocking portion 6: 6: second diaphragm 61: rolling portion 7: outer cylindrical member 71 The other side of the outer cylinder member, 72: one side of the outer cylinder member, 72f: flanged portion, 8: caulking, 9: coupling portion, Rs: radial distance, Rr: radial distance, O: axial line

Claims (2)

振動発生部および振動受け部の一方に連結される第１取付部材と、
振動発生部および振動受け部の他方に連結される第２取付部材と、
前記第１取付部材と前記第２取付部材との間に配置される筒状の内筒部材と、
弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が前記第１取付部材に取り付けられ、他端側が前記内筒部材に取付けられる第１ダイヤフラムと、
弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が前記内筒部材に取り付けられ、他端側が前記第２取付部材に取付けられる第２ダイヤフラムと、を備え、
前記第１ダイヤフラム、前記第２ダイヤフラムおよび前記内筒部材は、当該第１ダイヤフラム、第２ダイヤフラムおよび内筒部材の内部であって前記第１取付部材と前記第２取付部材との間に、空気室を構成し、
前記内筒部材の外側には、前記第１ダイヤフラムまたは前記第２ダイヤフラムの少なくとも一部を取り囲むように筒状の外筒部材が取り付けられ、
前記各ダイヤフラムの、軸線方向に沿った断面視における円弧状部分の中心を周方向に結んで形成される閉曲線で囲まれる部分であるダイヤフラム面積は、前記第２ダイヤフラムのダイヤフラム面積よりも前記第１ダイヤフラムのダイヤフラム面積が大きく、
前記外筒部材と前記内筒部材とは、結合部を介して連結され、
前記結合部は、前記第１ダイヤフラムの他端側端部と前記第２ダイヤフラムの一端側端部との間に位置している、ことを特徴とする空気ばね。 A first mounting member connected to one of the vibration generating unit and the vibration receiving unit;
A second mounting member connected to the other of the vibration generator and the vibration receiver;
A cylindrical inner cylindrical member disposed between the first mounting member and the second mounting member;
A first diaphragm which is in the form of a tubular film having elasticity, one end of which is attached to the first attachment member, and the other end of which is attached to the inner cylinder member;
And a second diaphragm having one end side attached to the inner cylinder member and the other end side attached to the second attachment member.
The first diaphragm, the second diaphragm and the inner cylinder member are air inside the first diaphragm, the second diaphragm and the inner cylinder member, between the first attachment member and the second attachment member. Make up a room,
A cylindrical outer cylinder member is attached to the outside of the inner cylinder member so as to surround at least a part of the first diaphragm or the second diaphragm,
A diaphragm area, which is a portion surrounded by a closed curve formed by circumferentially connecting the centers of arc-shaped portions in a cross-sectional view along the axial direction, of each of the diaphragms is greater than the first diaphragm area of the second diaphragm. the diaphragm area of the diaphragm is rather large,
The outer cylinder member and the inner cylinder member are coupled via a coupling portion,
The air spring characterized in that the connecting portion is located between the other end of the first diaphragm and the one end of the second diaphragm . 振動発生部および振動受け部の一方に連結される第１取付部材と、  A first mounting member connected to one of the vibration generating unit and the vibration receiving unit;
振動発生部および振動受け部の他方に連結される第２取付部材と、  A second mounting member connected to the other of the vibration generator and the vibration receiver;
前記第１取付部材と前記第２取付部材との間に配置される筒状の内筒部材と、  A cylindrical inner cylindrical member disposed between the first mounting member and the second mounting member;
弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が前記第１取付部材に取り付けられ、他端側が前記内筒部材に取付けられる第１ダイヤフラムと、  A first diaphragm which is in the form of a tubular film having elasticity, one end of which is attached to the first attachment member and the other end of which is attached to the inner cylinder member
弾性を有する筒膜状とされ、一端側が前記内筒部材に取り付けられ、他端側が前記第２取付部材に取付けられる第２ダイヤフラムと、を備え、  And a second diaphragm having one end side attached to the inner cylinder member and the other end side attached to the second attachment member.
前記第１ダイヤフラム、前記第２ダイヤフラムおよび前記内筒部材は、当該第１ダイヤフラム、第２ダイヤフラムおよび内筒部材の内部であって前記第１取付部材と前記第２取付部材との間に、空気室を構成し、  The first diaphragm, the second diaphragm and the inner cylinder member are air inside the first diaphragm, the second diaphragm and the inner cylinder member, between the first attachment member and the second attachment member. Make up a room,
前記内筒部材の外側には、前記第１ダイヤフラムまたは前記第２ダイヤフラムの少なくとも一部を取り囲むように筒状の外筒部材が取り付けられ、  A cylindrical outer cylinder member is attached to the outside of the inner cylinder member so as to surround at least a part of the first diaphragm or the second diaphragm,
前記各ダイヤフラムの、軸線方向に沿った断面視における円弧状部分の中心を周方向に結んで形成される閉曲線で囲まれる部分であるダイヤフラム面積は、前記第２ダイヤフラムのダイヤフラム面積よりも前記第１ダイヤフラムのダイヤフラム面積が大きく、  A diaphragm area, which is a portion surrounded by a closed curve formed by circumferentially connecting the centers of arc-shaped portions in a cross-sectional view along the axial direction, of each of the diaphragms is greater than the first diaphragm area of the second diaphragm. The diaphragm area of the diaphragm is large,
前記第１ダイヤフラムの円弧状部分は、前記外筒部材に取り囲まれていない部分を有し、前記第２ダイヤフラムの円弧状部分は、前記外筒部材に取り囲まれている、ことを特徴とする空気ばね。  The arc-shaped portion of the first diaphragm has a portion not surrounded by the outer cylinder member, and the arc-shaped portion of the second diaphragm is surrounded by the outer cylinder member. Spring.
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