JP6509348B2 - Method and apparatus for processing tubular member - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for processing a cylindrical member which rotates a thin cylindrical work to precisely process the outer peripheral portion.

  As a technology for processing the inner and outer peripheral portions of a cylindrical workpiece, there is known a technology for processing the inner peripheral portion by gripping and rotating the outer peripheral surfaces of both cylindrical end portions of the cylindrical workpiece with a plurality of claws (for example, , Patent Document 1). Alternatively, a technique is known in which the outer peripheral portion is processed by supporting and rotating the inner peripheral surfaces of both cylindrical end portions from the inside with a plurality of claws.

  In the case of a thin-walled cylindrical work, the influence of the elastic deformation of the cylindrical work is large depending on how to apply the force of the claws that support the cylindrical work from inside and outside. Therefore, when gripping a cylindrical work with multiple claws from the outside, there is a technology that divides the processing into multiple stages and distributes the force to multiple locations by changing the location to be gripped at each stage, thereby suppressing deformation. It is known (for example, refer to patent documents 2).

JP 02-030401 JP, 2013-132737, A

  According to the technology disclosed in Patent Document 2, the influence of elastic deformation due to the gripping force can be reduced. However, the cylindrical workpiece to be processed is not limited to one having a section close to a perfect circle. In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, a plurality of claws are brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical work, and each claw is uniformly displaced to the inner peripheral side to grip the cylindrical work. For this reason, when the cylindrical workpiece to be processed has a low roundness, the gripping force becomes nonuniform, and the cylindricity or the roundness of the workpiece after processing decreases.

  The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a method and an apparatus for processing a cylindrical member which improves dimensional accuracy even when processing a cylindrical workpiece with low roundness. To aim.

In the method of processing a cylindrical member according to the present invention, a plurality of claws are brought into contact with the inner circumferential surface of a cylindrical work, and the plurality of claws are displaced radially outward to support the cylindrical work A processing method of a cylindrical member including a processing step of rotating an outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical work by rotating the support portion coaxially with the cylindrical work using a support portion, wherein the processing of the plurality of claws is performed. A determination step of determining the amount of displacement in each radial direction, an adjustment step of displacing the plurality of claw portions based on the determination in the determination step, and a measurement of measuring the inner circumferential shape of the cylindrical work And a step of determining the displacement amount to equalize the pressing force of each of the plurality of claws based on the measurement result in the measurement step .

An apparatus for processing a cylindrical member according to the present invention has a plurality of claws arranged side by side circumferentially, and supports the cylindrical work by displacing the plurality of claws outward in the radial direction. A driving unit that rotates the supporting unit coaxially with the cylindrical work, a determining unit that determines the amount of radial displacement of each of the plurality of claws, and the plurality of units based on the determination by the determining unit. The adjustment part which adjusts each displacement of a claw part, the processing part which rotates the support part coaxially with the cylindrical work to process the outer peripheral part of the cylindrical work, and the inner peripheral shape of the cylindrical work And a measurement unit configured to measure, wherein the determination unit determines a displacement amount to equalize the pressing force of each of the plurality of claws based on the measurement result by the measurement unit .

  According to the processing method and the processing apparatus for a cylindrical member according to the present invention, the displacement of the plurality of claws for gripping the cylindrical workpiece is adjusted instead of equal displacement. As a result, elastic deformation of the cylindrical workpiece can be more effectively suppressed, and dimensional accuracy can be improved even when processing a cylindrical workpiece with low roundness.

It is sectional drawing orthogonal to the axial direction which shows the cylindrical workpiece | work which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the axial direction which shows the processing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing orthogonal to the axial direction which shows the processing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the control part of the processing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is process drawing which shows the processing method which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the axial direction which shows the processing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the control part of the processing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the axial direction which shows the processing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the control part of the processing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, which are common to the whole text of the specification.
Furthermore, the form of the component shown in the specification full text is an illustration to the last, and is not limited to these descriptions.

Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 is a sectional view orthogonal to the axial direction showing a cylindrical work 101 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
In the first embodiment, a cylindrical workpiece 101 of a material SM400, a plate thickness of 4.5 mm, an outer diameter of 170 mm, and a total length of 100 mm is used, and the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is machined to an outer diameter of 168 mm over the entire length. A roundness of 0.15 mm or less is required.

As shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical workpiece 101 having an elliptical cross section is illustrated as an example.
The cylindrical workpiece 101 before processing is preferably in a shape close to a perfect circle, but often deformed through a process such as welding or pressing. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical workpiece 101 having an elliptical cross section is targeted. Further, in the case of the cylindrical workpiece 101 formed through the same process, the same deformation is performed, and therefore, the difference between the amounts of deformation of the cylindrical workpieces 101 can be ignored.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view along the axial direction showing the processing apparatus 200 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view orthogonal to the axial direction, showing the processing apparatus 200 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
When processing the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical workpiece 101, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 101, which is the surface to be processed, can not be gripped, so it is necessary to support the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 101. For gripping the inner peripheral surface, as shown in FIG. 2, a cylinder utilizing elastic deformation of the metal plate 202 of the inner peripheral tapered shape and the outer peripheral cylindrical shape attached to the tip of the tapered outer peripheral tapered hydraulic pushing mechanism 201 as shown in FIG. The inner peripheral surface of the work piece 101 is pressed.

  The processing apparatus 200 includes a hydraulic pushing mechanism 201, a metal plate 202, six claws 203, four metal thin plates 204, a tool 205, and a control unit 206.

The hydraulic push-out mechanism 201 is movable in an axial direction of left and right in the figure by oil pressure and is rotatable around the axis, and has a drive mechanism on the left side not shown. The hydraulic push-out mechanism 201 has an outer peripheral tapered shape which is tapered toward the right side in the drawing. The hydraulic pushing mechanism 201 is coaxial with the cylindrical work 101 to be supported.
The hydraulic push-out mechanism 201 corresponds to the support portion and the drive portion of the present invention.

  The metal plate 202 is divided into six along the circumference. The metal plate 202 has an inner peripheral tapered shape whose inner diameter is narrowed toward the right side in the drawing according to the outer peripheral taper shape tapered to the right side in the drawing of the hydraulic pushing mechanism 201. The outer peripheral surface of the metal plate 202 has a cylindrical shape parallel to the axial direction.

  The six claws 203 are provided at the tip on the right side of the metal plate 202 opposite to the hydraulic pushing mechanism 201 in the drawing. The six claws 203 are arranged circumferentially in sixs in phase with the metal plate 202 so as to be arranged on the outer peripheral side of the metal plate 202 divided into six on the circumference. The six claws 203 directly contact the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 101.

  Between the metal plate 202 and the claw portion 203 at the four positions on the upper and lower sides except for the left and right sides relatively narrow in inner diameter according to the shape of the cylindrical work 101 having an oval cross section on the four metal thin plates 204 Sandwiched between The four metal thin plates 204 are arranged in four on the circumference in phase with the metal plate 202 divided into six on the circumference and the six claws 203. The four metal thin plates 204 have a thickness of 0.1 mm, which is a difference value between the left and right sides having a relatively narrow inner diameter.

The tool 205 cuts the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical workpiece 101. The tool 205 is moved and positioned in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction, and is scanned along the axial direction to cut the surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotating cylindrical workpiece 101.
The tool 205 corresponds to the processing unit of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the control unit 206 of the processing apparatus 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The control unit 206 is, for example, a microcomputer and is mounted on the processing apparatus 200. The control unit 206 includes an input unit 206a, a CPU 206b that executes arithmetic processing, determination processing, etc., a memory 206c in which control programs corresponding to various control setting values and processing modes are stored, and calculation results and determinations by the CPU 206b. And an output unit 206d for outputting a drive signal corresponding to the output information of the result to the hydraulic pushing mechanism 201 or the tool 205.
Control unit 206 includes a determination unit 207 and an adjustment unit 208.

  The input unit 206a receives pre-machining information which is a measurement result of the inner diameter shape of the cylindrical workpiece 101 before machining from the measuring device 300 separate from the machining device 200, and inputs the information to the CPU 206b.

The CPU 206 b determines the displacement amounts in the radial direction of the plurality of claws 203 for each claw 203 based on the information before processing in the determination unit 207.
The determination unit 207 determines that the amount of displacement of the six claws 203 gripping the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is the amount of displacement that equalizes the pressing force of each of the six claws 203. That is, according to the inner peripheral surface shape of the cylindrical work 101, the determining unit 207 adjusts the displacement amount of the six claws 203 for gripping the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical work 101 in the radial direction of each of the six claws 203. It determines so that it will become the amount of displacement which equalizes pushing pressure force.

  The output unit 206d displaces the six claws 203 based on the determination of the determination unit 207 according to the drive signal output from the adjustment unit 208. Specifically, the output unit 206d moves the hydraulic push-out mechanism 201 along the axis in the right direction in the figure, and the outer peripheral taper shape moves the inner peripheral taper shape of the metal plate 202 in the outer diameter direction. The claws 203 are respectively displaced outward.

  Further, after the displacement of the six claws 203, the output unit 206d controls the position of the tool 205 by the drive signal from the output unit 206d. At the same time, the output unit 206 d controls the rotational speed of the hydraulic push-out mechanism 201 that rotates coaxially with the cylindrical workpiece 101 by the drive signal from the output unit 206 d.

FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a processing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 5, the processing method by the processing apparatus 200 includes a measurement step S1, a determination step S2, an adjustment step S3, and a processing step S4.

  First, in the measurement step S1, the inner diameter shape of the cylindrical workpiece 101 before processing is measured. In the first embodiment, measurement is performed in a measuring device 300 separate from the processing device 200, and the measurement result is input to the input unit 206a of the control unit 206 of the processing device 200.

Next, in the determination step S2, the control unit 206 causes the determination unit 207 to measure the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 101 from the measurement results of the inner diameter shape of the cylindrical workpiece 101 before processing. The amount of displacement is determined to be the amount of displacement equalizing the pressing force of each of the six claws 203.
As described above, when the displacement amounts of the six claws 203 are determined, the deformation amounts of the cylindrical workpiece 101 become constant because the respective claws 203 can press uniformly.

  Next, in the adjustment step S3, the control unit 206 causes the adjustment unit 208 to displace the six claws 203 based on the determination by the determination unit 207 according to the drive signal output. Thereby, the cylindrical workpiece 101 is uniformly pressed by the claws 203.

  Next, in the processing step S4, with the cylindrical work 101 gripped by the claws 203, the control unit 206 rotates the hydraulic push mechanism 201 coaxially with the cylindrical work 101 to rotate the cylindrical work 101. Let At the same time, the control unit 206 causes the tool 205 to scan along the outer periphery of the cylindrical workpiece 101. Thereby, the outer peripheral part of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is processed by the tool 205. The processing conditions are such that the rotational speed of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is 800 rpm and the tool feed speed is 0.1 mm / rev.

  Then, after the processing, the gripping of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is released. When the holding of the cylindrical work 101 is released, the elastically deformed cylindrical work 101 contracts.

  According to the first embodiment, since the pressing by each of the claws 203 is uniform, the amount of contraction of the cylindrical work 101 is also uniform, and the necessary roundness 0 can be obtained by maintaining the perfect circular shape before the grip release. .2 mm or less can be obtained.

Second Embodiment
In the second embodiment, the piezoelectric element 209 which is a pressure sensor is provided. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, so only the characteristic configuration will be described.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along the axial direction showing a processing apparatus 200A according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the control unit 206 of the processing apparatus 200A according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the processing device 200A, the piezoelectric element 209 is disposed between the metal plate 202 and the claw portion 203.
The piezoelectric element 209 is a measured value at the input unit 206 a of the control unit 206 so that the pressure acting on the respective claws 203 becomes uniform when the cylindrical workpiece 101 is gripped by the respective claws 203. Send pressure value. Thereby, the control unit 206 receives feedback of the pressure measurement result in the adjustment unit 208, and the gripping force of each of the claws 203 becomes constant over the entire circumference of the cylindrical workpiece 101.

  Next, in the processing step S4, the control unit 206 rotates the cylindrical workpiece 101 in a state in which the cylindrical workpiece 101 is gripped by the claws 203. At the same time, the control unit 206 causes the tool 205 to scan along the outer periphery of the cylindrical workpiece 101. Thereby, the outer peripheral part of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is processed by the tool 205. The processing conditions are such that the rotational speed of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is 800 rpm and the tool feed speed is 0.1 mm / rev.

  Then, after the processing, the gripping of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is released. When the holding of the cylindrical work 101 is released, the elastically deformed cylindrical work 101 contracts.

  According to the second embodiment, since the pressing by each of the claws 203 is uniform, the amount of contraction is also uniform, and the required roundness 0 by holding the true circular shape before releasing the grip of the cylindrical work 101 .2 mm or less can be obtained. In addition, even in the case where the cylindrical workpieces 101 having different construction methods and manufacturing conditions are continuously fed, the variation in the inner surface shape can be absorbed, and the roundness can be stably improved.

Third Embodiment
In the third embodiment, a shape measuring machine 210 is provided as a measuring unit. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, so only the characteristic configuration will be described.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view along the axial direction showing a processing apparatus 200B according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the control unit 206 of the processing apparatus 200B according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
The processing apparatus 200 </ b> B includes a shape measuring machine 210 having a sensor unit in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 101.

  First, in the measurement step S1, the control unit 206 moves the hydraulic push-out mechanism 201 in the axial direction, and holds the cylindrical workpiece 101 with the minimum force necessary to rotate.

Further, in the measurement step S1, the control unit 206 applies the shape measuring machine 210 to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 101 and rotates the cylindrical workpiece 101 at a low rotational speed of about 0.1 to 1 rpm to Measure the unevenness of
The thin metal plate 204 is installed based on the measured uneven shape, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, so as to be uniformly pressed by the claws 203.

  After installation of the thin metal plate 204, the processing apparatus 200B inputs the measurement result of the shape measuring instrument 210 to the input unit 206a of the control unit 206 and carries out the determination step S2 and the adjustment step S3. As a result, when the processing apparatus 200B strongly holds the cylindrical workpiece 101, it can be pressed uniformly by the claws 203, and therefore the amount of deformation of the cylindrical workpiece 101 becomes constant.

  Next, in the processing step S4, the control unit 206 rotates the cylindrical workpiece 101 in a state in which the cylindrical workpiece 101 is gripped by the claws 203. At the same time, the control unit 206 causes the tool 205 to scan along the outer periphery of the cylindrical workpiece 101. Thereby, the outer peripheral part of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is processed by the tool 205. The processing conditions are such that the rotational speed of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is 800 rpm and the tool feed speed is 0.1 mm / rev.

  Then, after the processing, the gripping of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is released. When the holding of the cylindrical work 101 is released, the elastically deformed cylindrical work 101 contracts.

  According to the third embodiment, since the pressing force by each of the claws 203 is uniform, the contraction amount is also uniform, and the roundness necessary by holding the perfect circular shape before releasing the grip of the cylindrical work 101 You can get Further, by providing the shape measuring machine 210 in the processing device 200B, the adjustment time of the roundness can be shortened as compared with the case of measuring the shape with a separate measuring device.

  In the first to third embodiments, only one processing device 200, 200A, 200B as a support portion having a plurality of claw portions 203 for gripping the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 101 is provided. However, it is not limited to this. Two processing devices 200, 200A, 200B may be provided to support the cylindrical ends of the cylindrical workpiece 101, respectively.

  Moreover, in Embodiment 1-3, the number of the nail | claw parts 203 was six. However, it is not limited to this. The number of claws 203 may be any number of 6 to 12.

  According to the first to third embodiments described above, the displacement amounts of the six claws 203 that support the cylindrical workpiece 101 from the inside are determined. Then, the six claws 203 are respectively displaced based on the determination. As a result, displacement amounts can be made different from each other, and the respective claws 203 can be supported from the inside so as to have an even pressure.

  Based on the measurement results of the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 101, the displacement amounts of the six claws 203 are determined. Thus, the cylindrical workpiece 101 can be supported along the respective shapes of the cylindrical workpiece 101, and the claws 203 can be supported from the inside so as to have an even pressure.

  The pressure measurement result of the piezoelectric element 209 at the contact point with the cylindrical workpiece 101 is fed back to determine the displacement amounts of the six claws 203 respectively. Thereby, the pressure from each nail | claw part 203 can be equalized. Furthermore, the pressure of each claw portion 203 can be equalized according to the pressure change during processing.

  In the processing devices 200, 200A, 200B, two are provided so as to support both cylindrical end portions of the cylindrical workpiece 101, respectively. As a result, the shape of the cylindrical workpiece 101 gripped by the respective claws 203 becomes fixed by fixing both cylindrical end portions, and the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical workpiece 101 can be processed entirely and simultaneously.

  The number of the plurality of claws 203 is any one of 6 to 12. Thereby, the pressure of each claw portion 203 can be equalized to support the cylindrical workpiece 101 in accordance with various inner peripheral surface shapes of the cylindrical workpiece 101.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 cylindrical workpiece, 200, 200A, 200B processing apparatus, 201 hydraulic pushing mechanism, 202 metal plate, 203 claw part, 204 metal thin plate, 205 tool, 206 control part, 206a input part, 206b CPU, 206c memory, 206d output part , 207 determination unit, 208 adjustment unit, 209 piezoelectric element, 210 shape measuring machine, 300 measuring device.

Claims (7)

A plurality of claws are brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece, and the plurality of claws are displaced outward in the radial direction to support the cylindrical workpiece using a support portion;
A processing method of a cylindrical member including a processing step of rotating the supporting portion coaxially with the cylindrical work to process an outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical work,
A determination step of determining displacement amounts of the plurality of claws in the radial direction to the respective claws;
An adjusting step of respectively displacing the plurality of claws based on the determination in the determining step;
A measuring step of measuring an inner peripheral shape of the cylindrical work;
Including
The method of processing a cylindrical member, wherein the determining step determines a displacement amount to equalize the pressing force of each of the plurality of claws based on the measurement result in the measuring step. In the determining step, based on the measurement result in the measuring step, a displacement amount to equalize the pressing force in the radial direction of each of the plurality of claws in accordance with the inner circumferential shape of the cylindrical work is determined The processing method of the cylindrical member according to claim 1 . The method of processing a cylindrical member according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the number of the plurality of claws is any one of 6 to 12. A support portion having a plurality of circumferentially arranged claws and displacing the plurality of claws radially outward to support a cylindrical workpiece;
A driving unit that rotates the supporting unit coaxially with the cylindrical work;
A determination unit that determines the radial displacement amount of each of the plurality of claws;
An adjustment unit that adjusts the displacement of each of the plurality of claws based on the determination by the determination unit;
A processing unit configured to rotate an outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical work by rotating the supporting unit coaxially with the cylindrical work;
A measuring unit that measures an inner circumferential shape of the cylindrical work;
Equipped with
The apparatus for processing a cylindrical member, wherein the determination unit determines a displacement amount to equalize pressing force of each of the plurality of claws based on a measurement result by the measurement unit. The processing apparatus of a cylindrical member according to claim 4 , wherein two supporting portions are provided so as to respectively support cylindrical end portions of the cylindrical work. The determination unit determines, based on the measurement result of the measurement unit, a displacement amount to equalize the pressing force of the plurality of claws in the radial direction according to the inner circumferential shape of the cylindrical work. The processing device of the cylindrical member according to claim 4 or 5 . The device for processing a cylindrical member according to any one of claims 4 to 6 , wherein the number of the plurality of claws is any one of 6 to 12.

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