JP6492414B2 - Construction method of concrete structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing a concrete structure.

  Concrete structures such as columns and walls are constructed by placing concrete in a mold and removing the mold after the concrete has hardened. However, if the surface of the concrete with the formwork removed is left as it is, the appearance will be poor, so it is common practice to apply mortar etc. to a certain thickness or to paste tiles etc. on the mortar. ing. However, there was a problem that mortar and tiles peeled off due to aging. Therefore, on the surface of the existing mortar layer, mortar is applied to an appropriate thickness to form an undercoat layer, a net for preventing peeling is pasted, a hole reaching the concrete layer is formed, and an anchor pin is formed in the hole. Has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

Registered Utility Model No. 3051774

  Not only during repair, but also when building concrete structures, by forming an undercoat layer on the concrete surface, the anchor pin is driven in, and the anchor pin is pressed against the undercoat layer with the anchor pin. And the peeling prevention net can be suppressed. However, in the above method, a hole for driving an anchor pin must be formed after forming an undercoat layer and attaching a peeling prevention net, and the construction is complicated.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, suppressing the peeling of the adhesive layers (mortar, a fiber net, etc.) formed on the surface of concrete, simplifying the construction method of a concrete structure. Objective.

A concrete structure construction method for achieving the above object is provided with a spacer that keeps a space between the molds inside the mold, and a connector member that is connected to an end of the spacer. Clamping bolts inserted into the holes are passed through the formwork and protrude outside the formwork, and with the nuts tightened from the outside of the formwork to the tightening bolts, concrete is put inside the formwork. A process of placing;
The mold is removed after the concrete is hardened, and an adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the concrete in a state where protrusions protruding from the surface of the concrete are inserted into the holes of the connector member. Projecting the protrusion from
A step of forming a finishing layer on the outer side of the adhesive layer and the locking member after pressing the adhesive layer at the collar portion of the locking member with the shaft portion inserted into the hole of the connector member;
I have a,
The protrusion is the locking member;
In the locking member, the shaft portion is passed through the inside of the tubular member, and the tubular member and the shaft portion are relatively moved in the axial direction, whereby the tubular member is bent, and the collar portion is formed,
After removing the mold, the fastening bolt is removed from the hole of the connector member, and the adhesive layer is formed in a state where the shaft portion of the locking member is inserted into the hole of the connector member, Then, the said cylindrical member of the said locking member is bent, the said flange part is formed, and the said contact bonding layer is pressed with the said collar part, It is the construction method of the concrete structure characterized by the above-mentioned .
According to such a construction method of a concrete structure, since the adhesive layer is pressed against the surface of the concrete by the locking member, it is possible to suppress the peeling of the adhesive layer from the concrete. In addition, since the adhesive layer is formed in a state in which the protrusion protruding from the concrete surface is inserted into the hole of the connector member, the hole of the adhesive layer into which the protrusion has been inserted can be made a hole into which the locking member is inserted. it can. In addition, since the hole of the connector member is not blocked, the hole of the connector member can be a hole into which the locking member is inserted, and there is no need to form the hole into which the locking member is inserted in the concrete. Therefore, the construction method of the concrete structure can be simplified.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, peeling of the contact bonding layer (mortar, a fiber net, etc.) formed on the surface of concrete can be suppressed, simplifying the construction method of a concrete structure.

FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a state in which concrete is placed in a mold, and FIG. 1B is a schematic perspective view of a connector member. It is a figure which shows the state from which the formwork was removed. It is a figure which shows the state in which the contact bonding layer was formed. It is a figure which shows the state from which the clamping bolt was removed. 5A is a view showing a state where the cap is attached to the connector member, FIG. 5B is a schematic perspective view of the cap, and FIG. 5C is a view showing a positional relationship between the fiber net and the cap. It is a figure which shows the state by which the tile was affixed. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing a modified example of the cap. It is explanatory drawing of a board anchor. It is a figure which shows the state in which the board anchor was attached to the connector member. It is a figure which shows the state in which the contact bonding layer was formed. It is a figure which shows the state by which the board anchor was fastened. It is a figure which shows the state by which the tile was affixed.

=== First Embodiment ===
FIG. 1A is a view showing a state where concrete 10 is placed in the mold 1, and FIG. 1B is a schematic perspective view of the connector member 3. FIG. 2 is a view showing a state where the mold 1 is removed. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the adhesive layer 11 is formed. FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which the fastening bolt 4 is removed. 5A is a diagram illustrating a state where the cap 20 is attached to the connector member 3, FIG. 5B is a schematic perspective view of the cap 20, and FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between the fiber net 11a and the cap 20. It is. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the tile 13 is pasted. In the drawings of the present application, in order to prevent complication of the drawings, some of the hatching that should be shown in the cross section and the like is omitted.

  Hereinafter, a construction method of a concrete structure having a thickness in the X direction and in which the tile 13 is attached to the surface on one side (right side) in the X direction will be described as an example. First, the mold 1 is assembled by the connector member 3 or the like so that the pair of plate-shaped molds 1 are arranged to face each other with an interval in the X direction. As shown in FIG. 1B, the connector member 3 is a frustoconical member formed of, for example, resin, and the other circular surface 3b is larger than the one circular surface 3a. The connector member 3 has a first screw hole 301 extending in the height direction perpendicular to the circular surfaces 3a and 3b and opening in the smaller circular surface 3a, and extending in the height direction, and the larger circular surface 3b. A second screw hole 302 is formed in the first screw hole 302. The first screw hole 301 and the second screw hole 302 may communicate with each other.

  A plurality of spacer bolts 2 with the X direction as the longitudinal direction are provided inside the pair of molds 1 in order to maintain the spacing in the X direction of the molds 1 (however, one spacer bolt 2 is shown in FIG. 1A). Only show). In addition, a connector member 3 connected to both ends of each spacer bolt 2 is also provided inside the pair of molds 1. More specifically, the end of the spacer bolt 2 is screwed into the second screw hole 302 of the connector member 3 and connected to the connector member 3. Further, the fastening bolt 4 whose end is inserted (screwed) into the first screw hole 301 of each connector member 3 is passed through the mold 1. As a result, the fastening bolts 4 protrude from the pair of molds 1 to the outside in the X direction.

  And the pipe-shaped 1st press material 5 which contact | abuts to the outer surface 1b of the formwork 1, and extends in the direction (Y direction) orthogonal to a X direction and a perpendicular direction is provided in the both sides of the fastening bolt 4 at the perpendicular direction. After passing the second pressing member 6 abutting on the first pressing member 5 from the outside in the X direction through the tightening bolt 4, the nut 7 is screwed onto the tightening bolt 4 and tightened. As a result, the smaller circular surface 3a of the connector member 3 comes into contact with the inner surface 1a of the mold 1, and the pair of molds 1 are held at intervals in the X direction.

  In addition, the member which assembles the formwork 1 is not restricted to what is shown to FIG. 1A. For example, the shape of the connector member 3 is not limited to the truncated cone shape, and may be any member that can connect the spacer bolt 2 and the fastening bolt 4. Further, the thread may not be formed in the first and second screw holes 301 and 302 of the spacer bolt 2 and the connector member 3. Although not shown in the drawings, the connector member 3 is formed with a convex portion, a concave portion or the like on the side surface thereof, and the vertical cross section of the connector member 3 is made non-circular. It is possible to prevent the rotation.

  Concrete 10 is placed inside the mold 1 assembled as described above. Then, after the cast concrete 10 is hardened, the mold 1 is removed from the mold as shown in FIG. Specifically, the nut 7, the second pressing member 6, the first pressing member 5, and the mold 1 are removed in order. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the spacer bolt 2 and the connector member 3 are left in the concrete 10, and the tightening bolt 4 is still inserted into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3. Become.

  Then, with the fastening bolts 4 (projections) protruding from the surface (outer surface) 10a of the concrete 10 inserted into the first screw holes 301 of the connector member 3, as shown in FIG. The adhesive layer 11 is formed on the surface 10 a of the steel plate, and the fastening bolt 4 is protruded from the adhesive layer 11. In other words, the adhesive layer 11 is formed so that the length in the X direction of the portion of the fastening bolt 4 protruding from the surface 10a of the concrete 10 is longer than the thickness of the adhesive layer 11 (length in the X direction). Form.

  In the present embodiment, a mortar is applied to the surface 10a of the concrete 10 and a fiber net (for example, a glass fiber net or a synthetic resin net) is embedded in the mortar is used as an adhesive layer 11, and the fastening bolt 4 is attached to the fiber net. Is passed. Therefore, a hole may be made in the fiber net in advance at a factory or the like in accordance with the arrangement of the tightening bolt 4, or a hole may be made in the fiber net by passing the tightening bolt 4 through the fiber net in the field. . Thus, by providing the fiber net in the adhesive layer 11, the fiber net is entangled with the adhesive layer 12 (see FIG. 6) formed on the adhesive layer 11. Adhesion strength increases. Therefore, peeling of the affixing layer 12 and the tile 13 can be suppressed. However, the adhesive layer 11 is not limited to the one in which the fiber net is embedded in the mortar. For example, the adhesive layer 11 in which the mortar containing short fibers is applied, or the adhesive layer in which the resin mortar such as polymer cement mortar is applied. 11 may be sufficient.

  After the formation of the adhesive layer 11, the fastening bolt 4 is removed from the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3 as shown in FIG. 4. Then, the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3 and the communication hole 14 communicating with the outside appear in the adhesive layer 11. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5A, the cap 20 (locking member) is inserted into the communication hole 14 and the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3. The cap 20 is a member that locks the position of the adhesive layer 11 with respect to the concrete 10, and as shown in FIG. 5B, a shaft portion 201 on which a screw thread that is screwed into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3 is formed. The disc-shaped collar portion 202 connected to the end portion of the shaft portion 201, that is, the collar portion 202 protruding from the shaft portion 201 in the radial direction of the shaft portion 201.

  Specifically, the shaft portion 201 of the cap 20 is passed through the communication hole 14 of the adhesive layer 11, screwed into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3, and tightened, and the inner surface 20 a of the collar portion 202 of the cap 20 is tightened. The surface 11a of the adhesive layer 11 is pressed from the outside. By doing so, the adhesive layer 11 is pressed against the surface 10 a of the concrete 10 by the flange portion 202 of the cap 20, and the adhesive layer 11 is caught on the shaft portion 201 of the cap 20. Can be prevented from peeling off.

  Furthermore, the connector member 3 is provided in the concrete 10 so that the smaller circular surface 3a is located outside. That is, a position closer to the center of the concrete 10 (for example, a position inside the concrete 10) than a certain position (for example, a position on the surface 10a of the concrete 10) in the X direction (a direction orthogonal to the surface 10a of the concrete 10). The connector member 3 is provided so that the cross section of the connector member 3 cut in the vertical direction (the direction along the surface 10a of the concrete 10) becomes larger (3a <3b). Therefore, it is difficult for the connector member 3 to come out of the concrete 10 as compared with the case where the larger circular surface 3b of the connector member 3 is located outside. Therefore, the cap 20 attached to the connector member 3 is also difficult to come out of the concrete 10 and can maintain the state in which the cap 20 presses the adhesive layer 11, so that the peeling of the adhesive layer 11 from the concrete 10 can be more reliably suppressed. However, you may arrange | position the connector member 3 so that the larger circular surface 3b may be located outside.

  The tightening bolt 4 may be removed after the mortar of the adhesive layer 11 is completely cured, or may be removed before the mortar is completely cured, but the communication hole 14 of the adhesive layer 11 is retained. . Alternatively, the shaft portion 201 of the cap 20 may not be formed with a thread, but the shaft portion 201 of the cap 20 may be simply inserted into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3. In that case, the cap 20 may be fixed to the connector member 3 or the adhesive layer 11 by applying an adhesive around the cap 20 or attaching the cap 20 before the mortar of the adhesive layer 11 is completely cured.

  When the fiber net is provided in the adhesive layer 11, as shown in FIG. 5C, the width W2 of the fiber net 11a in the Y direction is set to be equal to or larger than the arrangement interval W1 in the Y direction of the cap 20, or the vertical direction of the fiber net 11a. The length L2 is preferably set to be equal to or greater than the arrangement interval L1 of the cap 20 in the vertical direction. By doing so, at least one cap 20 can be disposed on one fiber net 11a, and the cap 20 can suppress the fiber net 11a from peeling off.

  Finally, as shown in FIG. 6, mortar is applied to the outside of the adhesive layer 11 and the cap 20 to form an adhesive layer 12, and a tile 13 is attached on the adhesive layer 12, and the concrete structure 1 Finish building.

  In this embodiment, the pasting layer 12 (mortar) and the tile 13 are used as the finishing layer. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a stone or the like may be pasted in place of the tile 13, A mortar layer that is flatly applied without being attached may be used as a finishing layer. In addition, the adhesive layer 12 is not limited to being formed with mortar, and the tile 13 may be attached with, for example, a resin adhesive. Further, a mortar or the like applied to the back surface of the tile 13 may be attached to the adhesive layer 11.

  As described above, in the first embodiment (FIG. 3), the adhesive bolt is applied to the surface 10a of the concrete 10 in a state where the fastening bolt 4 protruding from the surface 10a of the concrete 10 is inserted into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3. 11 is formed, and the fastening bolt 4 is protruded from the adhesive layer 11. Therefore, on the surface 10a of the concrete 10, the mortar that is the adhesive layer 11 does not flow into the position where the cap 20 is attached, and the hole of the fiber net that is the adhesive layer 11 is not blocked. The communication hole 14 (FIG. 4) of the adhesive layer 11 that has been removed can be used as a hole into which the cap 20 is inserted. Further, since the mortar does not flow into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3 and the first screw hole 301 is not blocked, the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3 can be used as a hole into which the cap 20 is inserted. . Therefore, after forming the adhesive layer 11, it is not necessary to form a hole in the concrete 20 for inserting the cap 20 while considering the reinforcement of the concrete 10. That is, since the cap 20 can be attached simply by removing the tightening bolt 4 from the connector member 3, the construction can be simplified and the efficiency of the construction can be improved.

  In addition, the fastening bolt 4 can be easily removed by projecting the fastening bolt 4 from the adhesive layer 11. Further, the fastening bolt 4 protruding from the adhesive layer 11 can be used as a mark of the position where the cap 20 is to be attached. Therefore, workability can be improved.

  The connector member 3 serves as a connector for the spacer bolt 2 and the fastening bolt 4 and serves as a mounting member for the cap 20. Therefore, for example, compared with the case where the connector member 3 is removed from the concrete 10 and another member for attaching the cap 20 is fitted into the concrete 10, the construction can be simplified and the number of members can be reduced. Similarly, the tightening bolt 4 functions to tighten the mold 1 and to form a connection hole 14 in the adhesive layer 11. Therefore, for example, when forming the adhesive layer 11, the construction can be simplified and the number of members can be reduced as compared with the case where the fastening bolt 4 is removed and another member protruding from the surface 10 a of the concrete 10 is inserted into the connector member 3. Can be reduced.

<< Modification >>
7A and 7B are diagrams showing a modification of the cap 20. In the cap 20 shown in FIG. 5B described above, the upper surface 20b (surface on the outer side in the X direction) of the collar portion 202 is a flat surface, but is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, a convex portion 203 is formed on the surface 20b of the flange portion 202 of the cap 20 on the outer side 20b in the X direction (the adhesive layer 12 side and the finishing layer side). The surface 20b may be uneven. By doing so, since the mortar of the bonding layer 12 flows between the convex portions 203 of the cap 20, the adhesion strength between the cap 20 and the bonding layer 12 increases when the bonding layer 12 is cured. That is, the adhesive layer 12 can be locked by the uneven shape of the cap 20, and peeling of the adhesive layer 12 from the adhesive layer 11 can be suppressed.

  In addition, when the cap 20 is attached before the adhesive layer 11 is completely cured, as shown in FIG. 7B, a convex portion is formed on the surface 20a on the inner side in the X direction (adhesive layer 11 side) of the collar portion 202 of the cap 20. The part 204 may be formed. By doing so, since the mortar of the adhesive layer 11 flows between the convex portions 204 of the cap 20, the adhesion strength between the cap 20 and the adhesive layer 11 increases when the adhesive layer 11 is cured. That is, the adhesive layer 11 can be locked by the uneven shape of the surface 20a on the inner side in the X direction of the collar portion 202 of the cap 20, and the peeling of the adhesive layer 11 from the concrete 10 can be suppressed.

=== Second Embodiment ===
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the board anchor 30. FIG. 9 is a view showing a state in which the mold 1 is removed from the mold and the board anchor 30 is attached to the connector member 3. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the adhesive layer 11 is formed. FIG. 11 is a view showing a state in which the board anchor 30 is tightened. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the tile 13 is pasted. In 2nd Embodiment, peeling of the contact bonding layer 11 from the concrete 10 is suppressed by the board anchor 30 (locking member) instead of the cap 20 (FIG. 5B).

  As shown in FIG. 8, the board anchor 30 includes a cylindrical socket 32 (cylinder member) and a screw member 31 (shaft portion) passed through the socket 32. The socket 32 includes a first cylindrical portion 321 located on the distal end side, which is the head portion 31a side of the screw member 31, a second cylindrical portion 322 located on the rear end side, and the first and second cylindrical portions 321 and 322. And a plurality of cracks 323 located at. A flange 321 a that can contact the head portion 31 a of the screw member 31 is formed at the tip of the first cylindrical portion 321. On the inner peripheral surface of the second cylindrical portion 322, a screw thread that is screwed into the screw member 31 is formed. The broken pieces 323 are alternately arranged with the openings 324 along the circumferential direction of the socket 32.

  In the board anchor 30 having the above configuration, when the socket 32 and the screw member 31 are relatively moved in the axial direction, that is, when the screw member 31 is screwed into the second cylindrical portion 322 of the socket 32 and tightened, the second The cylinder part 322 approaches the first cylinder part 321. As a result, the crack piece 323 is bent between the first cylinder portion 321 and the second cylinder portion 322, and the crack piece 323 protrudes in the radial direction of the screw member 31. For example, when the number of the crack pieces 323 is four, the crack pieces 323 protrude from the screw member 31 in four directions.

  When building a concrete structure, in the second embodiment as well, in the same way as in the first embodiment, first, concrete 10 is placed inside the mold 1 (FIG. 1A), and the concrete 10 is cured. After that, the mold 1 is removed. However, in the second embodiment, the fastening bolt 4 is removed from the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3 together with the nut 7, the second pressing member 6, the first pressing member 5, and the mold 1. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the screw member 31 of the board anchor 30 is inserted into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3 before the adhesive layer 11 is formed. Then, with the board anchor 30 (projection) protruding from the surface 10a of the concrete 10, an adhesive layer 11 (for example, a layer in which fiber nets are embedded in mortar) is formed on the surface 10a of the concrete 10, and FIG. The board anchor 30 is protruded from the adhesive layer 11 as shown in FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 11, by bending the crack piece 323 of the board anchor 30 and forming a collar portion 323 that protrudes outward from the screw member 31 (shaft portion), the collar portion (fragment). At 323, the adhesive layer 11 is pressed from the outside. For this purpose, the screw member 31 of the board anchor 30 is screwed into the second cylindrical portion 322 of the socket 32 and tightened, and further screwed into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3 and tightened. By doing so, the adhesive layer 11 is pressed against the surface 10 a of the concrete 10 by the bent crack 323 of the board anchor 30, and the adhesive layer 11 is caught on the board anchor 30. Can be prevented from peeling off. Finally, as shown in FIG. 12, the bonding layer 12 is formed outside the adhesive layer 11 and the board anchor 30, and the tile 13 is bonded from above the bonding layer 12.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, the adhesive layer 11 is formed on the surface 10 a of the concrete 10 with the board anchor 30 protruding from the surface 10 a of the concrete 10 inserted into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3. The adhesive layer 11 is pressed against the concrete 10 by the first screw holes 301 of the connector member 3 and the board anchors 30 inserted into the adhesive layer 11. Therefore, in order to attach the board anchor 30 after the formation of the adhesive layer 11, it is not necessary to form a hole reaching the concrete 10 from the adhesive layer 11 while considering the reinforcement of the concrete 10, and the construction is simplified. It is possible to improve the construction efficiency. In the second embodiment, the adhesive layer 11 can be locked by the general-purpose board anchor 30, and it is not necessary to manufacture a dedicated member for locking the adhesive layer 11. Therefore, the cost can be reduced.

  As in the first embodiment (FIG. 3), after forming the adhesive layer 11 with the fastening bolt 4 inserted into the connector member 3, the fastening bolt 4 is removed and the communication hole 14 formed in the adhesive layer 11. The board anchor 30 may be inserted into the first screw hole 301 of the connector member 3 (FIG. 4). Also in this case, it is not necessary to form a hole for attaching the board anchor 30 later, and the construction can be simplified.

  Further, in this embodiment, the board anchor 30, that is, the member that bends the crack 323 to form the collar portion by tightening the screw member 31 into the second cylindrical portion 322 of the socket 32 is used as the locking member. However, it is not limited to this. For example, a member that bends with a hammer or the like to bend the tubular member to form the collar portion may be used as the locking member.

  As mentioned above, the said embodiment is for making an understanding of this invention easy, and is not for limiting and interpreting this invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and it is needless to say that the present invention includes equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Formwork, 2 Spacer bolt (spacer), 3 Connector member, 301 1st screw hole (hole), 302 2nd screw hole, 4 Fastening bolt (projection), 5 1st press material, 6 2nd press material, 7 Nut, 10 Concrete, 11 Adhesive layer, 11a Fiber net, 12 Adhesive layer (finished layer), 13 Tile (finished layer), 14 Communication hole,
20 cap (locking member), 201 shaft portion, 202 collar portion, 203 convex portion,
204 convex part, 30 board anchor (projection, locking member), 31 screw member (shaft part), 32 socket (cylinder member), 321 first cylinder part, 322 second cylinder part,
323 Crack (brim)

Claims (1)

A spacer that keeps the interval between the molds and a connector member that is connected to an end of the spacer are provided inside the mold, and a tightening bolt that is inserted into a hole of the connector member is passed through the mold. Projecting the outside of the formwork, and placing concrete on the inside of the formwork in a state where the nut is fastened to the fastening bolt from the outside of the formwork;
The mold is removed after the concrete is hardened, and an adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the concrete in a state where protrusions protruding from the surface of the concrete are inserted into the holes of the connector member. Projecting the protrusion from
A step of forming a finishing layer on the outer side of the adhesive layer and the locking member after pressing the adhesive layer at the collar portion of the locking member with the shaft portion inserted into the hole of the connector member;
Have
The protrusion is the locking member;
In the locking member, the shaft portion is passed through the inside of the tubular member, and the tubular member and the shaft portion are relatively moved in the axial direction, whereby the tubular member is bent, and the collar portion is formed,
After removing the mold, the fastening bolt is removed from the hole of the connector member, and the adhesive layer is formed in a state where the shaft portion of the locking member is inserted into the hole of the connector member, Thereafter, the tubular member of the locking member is bent to form the collar portion, thereby pressing the adhesive layer with the collar portion.