JP6479809B2 - 表面処理方法及びそれにより処理される装置 - Google Patents
表面処理方法及びそれにより処理される装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6479809B2 JP6479809B2 JP2016537503A JP2016537503A JP6479809B2 JP 6479809 B2 JP6479809 B2 JP 6479809B2 JP 2016537503 A JP2016537503 A JP 2016537503A JP 2016537503 A JP2016537503 A JP 2016537503A JP 6479809 B2 JP6479809 B2 JP 6479809B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 101150058765 BACE1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
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- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- -1 oxygen anion Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G75/00—Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general
- C10G75/04—Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general by addition of antifouling agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/10—Inhibiting corrosion during distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G75/00—Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
- C10G9/16—Preventing or removing incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/082—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat without intermediate formation of a liquid in the layer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/14—Coatings characterised by the materials used by ceramic or vitreous materials
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
BaCe0.7Zr0.3O3粉末を固相反応法により調製した。化学量論量の高純度炭酸バリウム、酸化ジルコニウム及び酸化セリウムの粉末(すべて中国上海のSinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.(SCRC)製)をエタノール中で混合し、16時間ボールミル粉砕した。次いで、得られた混合物を乾燥し、空気中で1600℃にて2時間焼成し、BaCe0.7Zr0.3O3粉末を形成した。焼成した粉末を、アルコールと混合し、16時間ボールミル粉砕した。アルコールを乾燥した後、微細なBaCe0.7Zr0.3O3粉末(d50=1.5ミクロン)を調製した。
実施例1で調製したBaCe0.7Zr0.3O3粉末(7.87g)及びCeO2溶液[H2O中20重量%、USAマサチューセッツ州ワードヒルのAlfa Aesar Company製のAlfa Aesar#12730(登録商標)]11.93gを高速撹拌機上に載置したプラスチックジャーに加えた。30分間混合した後、混合物を、インフラレッドランプを用いて乾燥した。乾燥した粉末を処理シートに押し付けた。
実施例2で得た処理シートを、サンドペーパーを用いて滑らかにし、圧縮空気を用いて表面上の粉末を分離した。
処理した基材を、ヘプタンクラッキング環境(水蒸気:ヘプタン=1:1の重量比、850℃)に曝した。以下の表6及び7に示すEDX結果から、表面処理で処理シートと接触させなかった基材の表面について、表面処理で形成された基材の表面層上では、コークスの堆積が有意に低減されたことが明らかである。
炭酸バリウムの粉末を処理シートに押し付け、基材上に置いた。基材及び処理シートを管炉に入れ、窒素及び水蒸気(N2:H2O=1:1の重量比)雰囲気下で850℃にて8時間処理した。処理後、基材をヘプタンクラッキング環境(水蒸気:ヘプタン=1:1の重量比、850℃)に曝した。基材の処理した表面のいずれにもコークスは観察されなかった。
Claims (7)
- 基材と処理材料とを接触させる工程であって、基材が金属元素を含み、処理材料がアルカリ土類金属元素、アルカリ金属元素又はそれらの組合せを含むものであって、該処理材料がペロブスカイト材料、セリア又は炭酸バリウムを含み、そして処理材料が基材と接触させる前に焼結される、工程と、
アルカリ土類金属元素又はアルカリ金属元素からなる第1の酸化物及び金属元素からなる第2の酸化物を含む表面層を基材上に形成する工程であって、該形成する工程が窒素及び水蒸気の存在する環境下で600℃〜1400℃の温度範囲でおこなわれる、工程と、
形成する工程後、処理材料を基材から分離する工程であって、処理材料が基材から分離されて、該基材が基材層及び該基材層上の表面層を有する、工程と
を含む、表面処理方法。 - 基材が合金を含む、請求項1記載の表面処理方法。
- ペロブスカイト材料が、式AaBbO3-δのものである、請求項1記載の表面処理方法。
式中、
0.9<a≦1.2、
0.9<b≦1.2、
−0.5<δ<0.5、
Aは、第1の元素及び第2の元素を含み、第1の元素は、カルシウム(Ca)、ストロンチウム(Sr)、バリウム(Ba)、リチウム(Li)、ナトリウム(Na)、カリウム(K)、ルビジウム(Rb)及びそれらの組合せから選択され、第2の元素は、イットリウム(Y)、ビスマス(Bi)、ランタン(La)、セリウム(Ce)、プラセオジム(Pr)、ネオジム(Nd)、プロメチウム(Pm)、サマリウム(Sm)、ユーロピウム(Eu)、ガドリニウム(Gd)、テルビウム(Tb)、ジスプロシウム(Dy)、ホルミウム(Ho)、エルビウム(Er)、ツリウム(Tm)、イッテルビウム(Yb)、ルテチウム(Lu)及びそれらの組合せから選択され、
Bは、銀(Ag)、金(Au)、カドミウム(Cd)、セリウム(Ce)、コバルト(Co)、クロム(Cr)、銅(Cu)、ジスプロシウム(Dy)、エルビウム(Er)、ユーロピウム(Eu)、鉄(Fe)、ガリウム(Ga)、ガドリニウム(Gd)、ハフニウム(Hf)、ホルミウム(Ho)、インジウム(In)、イリジウム(Ir)、ランタン(La)、ルテチウム(Lu)、マンガン(Mn)、モリブデン(Mo)、ニオブ(Nb)、ネオジム(Nd)、ニッケル(Ni)、オスミウム(Os)、パラジウム(Pd)、プロメチウム(Pm)、プラセオジム(Pr)、白金(Pt)、レニウム(Re)、ロジウム(Rh)、ルテニウム(Ru)、アンチモン(Sb)、スカンジウム(Sc)、サマリウム(Sm)、スズ(Sn)、タンタル(Ta)、テルビウム(Tb)、テクネチウム(Tc)、チタン(Ti)、ツリウム(Tm)、バナジウム(V)、タングステン(W)、イットリウム(Y)、イッテルビウム(Yb)、亜鉛(Zn)、ジルコニウム(Zr)及びそれらの組合せから選択される。 - ペロブスカイト材料がBaCe0.7Zr0.3O3を含む、請求項3記載の表面処理方法。
- 基材層が表面処理前又は表面処理後と同一又は異なっている、請求項1記載の表面処理方法。
- 表面層がその組成において基材層とは異なる、請求項1記載の表面処理方法。
- 基材層と表面層との間に傾斜が存在する、請求項1記載の表面処理方法。
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