JP6471046B2 - Vegetation material collection method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for collecting vegetation material used when greening a slope or bare ground, for example.

  If topsoil containing buried seeds is collected from the surface of Yamano, which is adjacent to the site of revegetation construction, and the topsoil is used as a vegetation material for revegetation, disruption of the flora around the local area can be prevented.

  In collecting such vegetation material, conventionally, using a heavy machine such as a backhoe, the Yamano surface layer was excavated, and the excavated soil was loaded onto a carrier bed and transported.

JP 2003-143938 A

  However, there was a problem that the topsoil collection area would be devastated when logging heavy trees such as backhoes to cut down standing trees that would interfere with movement or deep excavation of the surface of the mountain with heavy machinery.

  Therefore, the present applicant has proposed a topsoil collecting device provided with a blowing nozzle that blows out air in the vicinity of the suction port of the suction hose (Patent Document 1). However, in such a topsoil collecting device, dust is generated during use, and this phenomenon leads to deterioration of the working environment, and it can be said that there is room for improvement in the collection efficiency of vegetation material.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described matters, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vegetation material sampling method and apparatus capable of improving the efficiency of the vegetation material sampling operation and the working environment.

  In order to achieve the above object, a vegetation material collecting apparatus according to the present invention has a shape forming an internal space opened downward, and a sampling head for collecting vegetation material, and the sampling head penetrates up and down. A straight pipe having an air flow path formed at the lower end thereof, an air supply device for supplying air to the straight pipe, and the sampling head so as to communicate with the internal space. A collecting tube to be connected, a suction device connected to the sampling tube, and a storage bag provided on a discharge port side of the suction device are provided.

  In the vegetation material collection apparatus, the straight tube may be slidable up and down with respect to the collection head.

  In the vegetation material collecting apparatus, the suction device may be an ejector device, and the air supply device may supply air to the straight pipe and the suction device.

  On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, a method for collecting vegetation material according to the present invention uses the vegetation material collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to form an internal space opened downward. Cover the vegetation material from above with a shape-collecting head, supply air to the straight pipe that extends vertically through the sampling head, and blow out air into the internal space from the outlet provided at the lower end of the straight pipe The vegetation material rolled up in the internal space by the jetted air is carried out by a collection tube connected to the collection head and stored in a storage bag (Claim 4).

  In the present invention, a vegetation material collecting method and apparatus capable of improving the efficiency and working environment of collecting vegetation material can be obtained.

  That is, in the vegetation material collecting method and apparatus of the invention according to each claim of the present application, air is blown to the vegetation material covered by the collection head to collect the vegetation material, which is very efficient in a space where the air is limited. Since it is often used and dust does not stand at the time of work, it is possible to improve the efficiency and work environment of collecting vegetation material.

  In the vegetation material collecting apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to maintain high collection efficiency by lowering the straight tube with respect to the collection head in accordance with the progress of the collection of the vegetation material.

  In the vegetation material collecting apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the configuration can be simplified.

(A) is explanatory drawing which shows schematically the structure of the vegetation material collection device which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the motion of the principal part of the said vegetation material collection device. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of the air in the principal part of the said vegetation material sampling apparatus, (B) is a bottom view which shows schematically the structure of the principal part of the said vegetation material collection apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematically the structure of the suction device of the said vegetation material sampling device.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a vegetation material collecting apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a “collecting apparatus”) according to the present embodiment includes a collection head 2 for collecting a vegetation material 1 and a vegetation material 1 collected by the collection head 2. And a storage bag 3 for storing the.

  The vegetation material 1 is, for example, a topsoil having a thickness of about 5 cm, which is in a topsoil collection area and contains a lot of nutrients and fallen and buried seeds. In this example, the A00 layer has accumulated old fallen leaves. The top soil of the A0 layer containing fallen leaves (humus) that has been decomposed and the A1 layer in which humus and soil are mixed. However, the vegetation material 1 to be collected is not limited to such topsoil.

  The sampling head 2 has a shape (for example, a cup shape, a bowl shape, or a dish shape, which is a hemispherical shape in this example) that forms an internal space 4 (see FIG. 2A) that opens downward. . The sampling head 2 may be made of a metal such as aluminum or iron, or may be made of a synthetic resin such as rubber. In addition, if at least a part of the sampling head 2 is formed of a light-transmitting material, it is preferable that the state of the internal space 4 can be confirmed from the outside while the sampling head 2 is in a face down state.

  Hereinafter, the vegetation material collection method (hereinafter referred to as the present collection method) according to the present embodiment will be described together with a more detailed description of the configuration of the collection device.

  In this sampling method, as shown in FIG. 1 (A), the vegetation material 1 is covered from above by the sampling head 2, air is supplied to a straight tube 5 extending vertically through the sampling head 2, and the lower end of the straight tube 5 Air is blown into the internal space 4 from the outlet 6 provided in the section (see FIGS. 2A and 2B), and the vegetation material 1 rolled up in the internal space 4 is collected by the blown air The sample is unloaded by the collection tube 7 connected to the head 2 and stored in the storage bag 3. As described above, in this sampling method, a series of steps are performed using the sampling apparatus shown in FIG.

  Here, the straight pipe 5 of this example has rigidity, and an air flow path 8 is formed in the inside thereof. Air reaching the air flow path 8 from the upper end of the straight pipe 5 is blown out from the lower end of the straight pipe 5. It spouts from the mouth 6 to the outside.

  In order to supply air to the straight pipe 5, an air supply line (for example, a hose) 10 from a compressor (an example of an air supply device that supplies high-pressure air to the straight pipe 5) 9 is provided above the straight pipe 5. Are connected via a curved connecting pipe 11.

  A valve (for example, a ball valve) 12 for adjusting the flow rate of high-pressure air flowing through the air flow path 8 is provided between the straight pipe 5 and the connecting pipe 11.

  On the other hand, one end of a flexible collection tube 7 is connected to the collection head 2 from the outside (upper side) so as to communicate with the internal space 4 (see FIG. 2A). The suction port 14 of the suction device 13 is connected to the end, and the accommodation bag 3 is provided on the discharge port 15 side of the suction device 13 (see FIG. 3).

  As the suction device 13, for example, a vacuum, a blower, an ejector device, etc. can be used, but an ejector device (especially a circumferential ejector device having a strong suction capability) is used to reduce the size of the device and improve workability and mobility. It is preferable to do this.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 3, the suction device 13 of this example is connected to a compressor 9 via an air supply line 10, and introduces high-pressure air from the compressor 9 as a jet stream to reduce the pressure range. C is formed and the vegetation material 1 sucked into the decompression zone C is blown out toward the discharge port 15. That is, the air supply line 10 connected to the compressor 9 branches, one being connected to the connecting pipe 11 and the other being connected to the suction device 13.

  The configuration of the suction device 13 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, a constricted cylindrical body 16 having a suction port 14 and a discharge port 15 serving as a hose connection port is provided inside the cylindrical body 16. An inner cylinder 18 that forms an annular air chamber 17 is provided, and a slit 19 for deriving a jet air current is formed between the inner cylinder 18 in the transport direction downstream side and the cylinder body 18. The air supply line 10 from the compressor 9 is connected to the cylindrical body 16 so as to face 17.

  According to the suction device 13 configured as described above, the high-pressure air introduced into the air chamber 17 is converted into a jet stream while passing through the slit 19, and this jet stream is ejected toward the storage bag 3. As a result, a reduced pressure region C is formed inside the inner cylinder 18 of the suction device 13, while the jet airflow is attracted to the inner surface of the containing bag 3 so as to increase the density by the so-called Coanda effect.

  Therefore, the compressor 9 is operated, high-pressure air is supplied to the straight pipe 5 and the suction device 13, and the sampling head 2 is covered so as to cover the vegetation material 1 in a state where the reduced pressure region C is formed inside the inner cylinder 18 of the suction device 13. Is brought into close contact with the ground, high-pressure air is ejected from the outlet 6 of the straight pipe 5, the vegetation material 1 located at the position covered by the sampling head 2 is unwound and soars into the internal space 4, and the vegetation material 1 is In response to the suction action by the decompression zone C, the samples are sequentially carried out by the sampling tube 7.

  Then, the vegetation material 1 that has reached the decompression zone C passes through the decompression zone C, then rides on the high-density jet stream drawn to the inner surface of the accommodation bag 3 and is blown into the accommodation bag 3 as it is.

  Therefore, the storage bag 3 to be used has a degree of holding the vegetation material 1 through the air, preferably about 0.1 to 1.0 cm. Any of vegetation, plant, and metal may be used, but when the collected vegetation material 1 is used as a vegetation sandbag as it is, plant materials such as palm fiber and hemp are also used as a base material for spraying. For example, when the vegetation material 1 is stored, a non-corrosive chemical material such as polyethylene is suitable.

  And if the net | network 20 (refer FIG. 2 (A) and (B)) which partitions this opening into an appropriate magnitude | size is provided in the opening of the collection head 2, the vegetation material 1 collected by suction will collect gravel and the like. After the vegetation material 1 is accommodated in the accommodation bag 3, it is not necessary to clean up the gravel and the like, which is preferable in terms of handling and workability.

  By the way, as the collection of the vegetation material 1 with the collection head 2 in close contact with the ground proceeds, the vegetation material 1 in the position covered by the collection head 2 is sucked from the upper side, so the position of the outlet 6 Is fixed, the distance between the outlet 6 and the vegetation material 1 is inevitably widened, and the effect of unwinding and winding up the vegetation material 1 by high-pressure air is reduced. Will be reduced. However, in this example, the straight tube 5 is configured to be slidable up and down with respect to the sampling head 2 (see FIGS. 1A and 1B). Therefore, high sampling efficiency can be maintained by lowering the straight tube 5 with respect to the sampling head 2 in accordance with the progress of sampling of the vegetation material 1.

  In this example, as shown in FIG. 2A, a guide tube 21 that guides the straight tube 5 is provided in the collection head 2, so that the straight tube 5 can slide up and down with respect to the collection head 2. . Further, a plate 22 serving as a spring receiver is fixed to a position above the collection head 2 in the straight tube 5, and a spring member 23 is arranged between the collection head 2 and the plate 22 on the outer surface of the straight tube 5, The tube 5 is configured to be biased upward. Therefore, when the straight pipe 5 is lowered, it is only necessary to hold the handle 24 provided on the straight pipe 5 and push it down against the spring member 23. When the hand is released from the handle 24, the straight pipe 5 is restored to its original position. It will return to the position. 2A and 2B, reference numeral 25 denotes a support member that supports the lower end of the guide tube 21, and is connected to the inner wall surface of the sampling head 2. Further, it is preferable to provide an appropriate retaining structure so that the straight tube 5 does not come out of the sampling head 2.

In the present harvesting method using the present harvesting apparatus having the above-described configuration, the vegetation material 1 covered with the harvesting head 2 is sprayed with high-pressure air, and the harvesting is performed. This is very efficient in a space where high-pressure air is limited. Since it will be used and dust hardly stands at the time of work, it is possible to improve the efficiency and work environment of collecting vegetation material. In particular, the sampling efficiency of the vegetation material 1 by this sampling device has a track record of 2 m ³ in half a day, which corresponds to five times the sampling efficiency of the topsoil sampling device of Patent Document 1 (0.4 m ³ per half day). . In addition, for example, in a place where fine roots of laurel trees have developed, it is difficult to collect topsoil with a conventional topsoil collecting device, but with this sampling device, the vegetation material 1 can be efficiently collected.

  Moreover, in this sampling device, the operator can perform the sampling of the vegetation material 1 in an upright state, and does not need to bend, so that workability can be improved. The sampling head 2 and the straight tube 5 are preferably portable. In this case, for example, if the straight tube 5 is provided with a shoulder band (not shown), it is preferable in terms of portability.

  Here, before collecting the vegetation material 1 with this sampling device, a soil aggregating agent such as polyethylene oxide or polyacrylamide is sprayed on the vegetation material 1 to actively aggregate the vegetation material 1. In this way, it is possible to prevent the soil particles in the vegetation material 1 accommodated in the accommodation bag 3 from being crushed and become large soil blocks, and the germination rate of the buried seeds contained in the vegetation material 1 Can also be increased.

  In addition, if necessary, at least one of soil conditioner (peat moss, bark compost, bentonite, etc.), water retention material (perlite, vermiculite, gypsum, superabsorbent polymer, etc.), organic compost, chemical fertilizer, vegetable fiber. It may be added to and mixed with the vegetation material 1, and when these are added, the vegetation material 1 before sampling may be sprayed in advance, or may be added in the middle of the suction device 13 or the sampling tube 12. .

  The vegetation material 1 collected in this way can be used as a sandbag as it is, and can also be used as a vegetation material such as a spraying method, and can be stored for a long period of time in order to cope with a previous greening plan.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment at all, Of course, it can change and implement variously in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the following modifications can be given.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, only one collection tube 7 is provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a plurality of collection tubes 7 are connected to the collection head 2, You may make it make the collection pipe | tube 7 merge.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, the air supply line 10 is branched and the straight pipe 5 and the suction device 13 are connected to one compressor 9 to simplify the configuration. A stand compressor 9 may be prepared and individually connected to the straight pipe 5 and the suction device 13.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, the straight pipe 5 and the air supply line 10 are connected via the connection pipe 11. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the straight pipe 5 and the air supply line 10 are directly connected. It may be.

  In the example shown in FIG. 2A, the guide tube 21 is provided so as to extend from the lower part of the sampling head 2 to the upper part. However, the guide tube 21 is not limited to this. 21 may be provided.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the mesh 20 is provided above the support member 25, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the mesh 20 may be provided below the support member 25.

  Needless to say, the modifications shown in the specification may be combined as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vegetation material 2 Sampling head 3 Accommodating bag 4 Internal space 5 Straight pipe 6 Air outlet 7 Sampling pipe 8 Air flow path 9 Compressor 10 Air supply line 11 Connection pipe 12 Valve 13 Suction device 14 Suction port 15 Exhaust port 16 Cylindrical body 17 Air Chamber 18 Inner cylinder 19 Slit 20 Net 21 Guide tube 22 Plate 23 Spring member 24 Handle 25 Support member C Reduced pressure region

Claims (4)

A sampling head for extracting a vegetation material, having a shape that forms an internal space that opens downward,
A straight pipe extending vertically through the sampling head, having an air flow path formed therein, and having an air outlet at the lower end;
An air supply device for supplying air to the straight pipe;
A sampling tube connected to the sampling head to communicate with the internal space;
A suction device connected to the collection tube;
A vegetation material collecting device, comprising: a storage bag provided on a discharge port side of the suction device.   The vegetation material sampling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the straight pipe is slidable up and down with respect to the sampling head.   The vegetation material collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the suction device is an ejector device, and the air supply device supplies air to the straight pipe and the suction device.   Using the vegetation material sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the vegetation material is covered from above with a sampling head having a shape that forms an internal space opened downward, and the sampling head is vertically penetrated. Air is supplied to the extending straight pipe, the air is blown into the internal space from a blowout port provided at the lower end of the straight pipe, and the vegetation material rolled up in the internal space by the blown air, A method for collecting vegetation material, which is carried out by a collection tube connected to the collection head and accommodated in an accommodation bag.

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