JP3132402U - Forest surface soil sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a forest surface soil collecting device capable of efficiently performing suction suction while avoiding a decrease in the performance of collecting forest surface soil including buried seeds while reducing the weight and size of the device.
SOLUTION: Negative pressure suction means for negatively sucking forest surface soil through a suction hose, and separation recovery means for separating and recovering forest surface soil by air transporting the forest surface soil collected by the negative pressure suction means with a transport hose A suction device for sucking and collecting forest surface soil including buried seeds, wherein a suction cover for limiting the suction range is provided at the tip of the suction hose, and compressed air is discharged into the soil collection cover Configured to be possible.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a device for collecting forest surface soil that contains a large amount of trees and herbaceous seeds (buried seeds) that grow naturally in the forest.

As one of the erosion prevention works on slopes and slopes, rapid revegetation with herbs was adopted, and in order to prevent erosion of bare land at an early stage, exotic herbs with high germination rate and fast-growing pastures etc. Covered bare ground.
Rapid revegetation is a greening technique that allows natural vegetation to transition to natural vegetation that harmonizes with the surrounding landscape, but it takes several decades to transition to natural vegetation that harmonizes with the nearby landscape. In addition, there were cases where it was not possible to harmonize with the surrounding landscape even after 20 years.

  Furthermore, in recent years, social demands for biodiversity have increased, and in response to requests to suppress the use of exotic herbs, greening with native or native species produced in Japan has been demanded. However, among the seeds and seedlings of plants called native species or native species, those produced in Japan are limited in their types and amounts, and in particular, regional seedlings are difficult to obtain because they are not in circulation.

  Therefore, at present, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a forest surface soil collection device for greening by using buried seeds contained in a large amount in the surface soil of the planned development site and the nearby forest.

  The sampling device described in Patent Document 1 includes a cultivating vehicle and a conveying vehicle, and the cultivating vehicle is provided with a stirring-type unraveling device and a tip of a suction hose, and the conveying vehicle is connected to a tail end of the suction hose. And a collection tank interposed in the middle of the suction hose. And it is comprised so that the surface layer soil stirred and loosened with the loosening device may carry out a self-propelled cultivating vehicle, and it may collect | recover in a collection tank, sucking negative pressure through a suction hose.

  The sampling device described in Patent Document 2 includes an ejector device provided at the tail end of the suction hose, a compressor for supplying air to the ejector device, and an air nozzle provided in parallel at the tip of the suction hose. While discharging the air to loosen the surface soil, the surface soil sucked through the suction hose is collected in a bag disposed on the discharge port side of the ejector device.

JP 2001-120011 A JP 2003-143938 A

The conventional sampling device described above has the following problems.
(1) In the sampling device described in Patent Document 1, not only at least two drivers are required for the operation of the cultivating vehicle and the transport vehicle, but these two vehicles are put between trees. It is difficult and dangerous to operate or operate on steep slopes, and it is not suitable for harvesting in forests where trees are prone and where slopes are hard.
(2) In the sampling device described in Patent Document 2, the water contained in the surface soil sucked by negative pressure by the ejector device evaporates as water vapor due to the pressure drop in the suction hose and the compressed air, It adheres as water droplets to the inner peripheral surface of the suction hose.
Soil particles adhere to the water droplets and gradually increase the thickness of the coating layer due to the soil particles in the suction hose, which not only lowers the suction efficiency, but in the worst case, causes a blockage in the suction hose. It becomes impossible to suck.
As described above, the sampling device described in Patent Document 2 has a problem that the sampling efficiency of the surface soil is poor.
(3) Further, in the sampling device described in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to frequently change the bag connected to the discharge port of the ejector device, and it takes time to manually change the bag. In addition, the bag containing the surface soil is heavy, so there is a problem that the carrying-out operation is difficult and dangerous.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its object is to avoid a decrease in the collection performance of forest surface soil including buried seeds while reducing the weight and size of the device. An object of the present invention is to provide a forest surface soil collection device that can efficiently perform suction collection.

  Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a forest surface soil collecting device that can carry the air of the forest surface soil far from the collection site.

  The forest surface soil collecting device according to the first device of the present application is a negative pressure suction means for negatively suctioning the forest surface soil through a suction hose, and the forest surface soil sampled by the negative pressure suction means is air transported by a transport hose, A suction device that separates and collects forest surface soil, and that suctions and collects forest surface soil including buried seeds, and is provided with a soil collection cover that limits the suction range at the tip of the suction hose The compressed air can be discharged into the soil collecting cover.

  The forest surface soil collection device according to the second device of the present application is a negative pressure suction means for negatively sucking the forest surface soil through a suction hose, and the forest surface soil sampled by the negative pressure suction means is air transported by a transport hose, A suction device that separates and collects forest surface soil, and that suctions and collects forest surface soil including buried seeds, and is provided with a soil collection cover that limits the suction range at the tip of the suction hose The compressed air can be discharged into the suction hose.

  The forest surface soil collecting device according to the third device of the present application is a negative pressure suction means for negatively sucking the forest surface soil through a suction hose, and the forest surface soil sampled by the negative pressure suction means is air transported by a transport hose, A suction device that separates and collects forest surface soil, and that suctions and collects forest surface soil including buried seeds, and is provided with a soil collection cover that limits the suction range at the tip of the suction hose The compressed air can be discharged into the soil collecting cover and the suction hose.

  The forest surface soil collecting apparatus according to the fourth device of the present application is the ejector device according to any one of the first to third devices, wherein the negative pressure suction means is provided at the tail end of the suction hose, and compressed air is supplied to the ejector device. And a compressor to be supplied.

  The forest surface soil collecting apparatus according to the fifth device of the present application is characterized in that, in any of the first to fourth devices, one or a plurality of auxiliary ejector devices are interposed in the suction hose or the transport hose.

  The forest surface soil collection device according to the sixth device of the present application is the vertical separation device according to any one of the first to third devices, wherein the separation and recovery means for separating and recovering the forest surface soil has a cyclone structure. It is characterized by.

The present invention can obtain the following specific effects.
(1) Since the structure is simple with a light hose provided with an ejector device, the hose can be transferred even in shrub forest, narrow land, and steep land while reducing the weight and size of the device. The forest surface soil including buried seeds can be efficiently collected with a simple operation.
(2) A suction cover is provided at the tip of the suction hose to limit the suction area to a very small area at a time, improving suction efficiency and changing the ground contact angle according to the inclined surface and irregularities. This can increase the adhesion and enhance the suction effect.
(3) Since the forest surface soil is unraveled by the compressed air discharged into the soil collecting cover, the forest surface soil can be efficiently sucked and collected in cooperation with the soil collecting cover.
(4) As the flow velocity increases by introducing compressed air into the soil collecting cover or suction hose, the evaporation effect of moisture in the forest surface soil increases, and air is conveyed without becoming water droplets in the hose. Can do.
Therefore, it is possible to air transport the forest surface soil without reducing the flow velocity.
(5) Since the forest surface soil sampled by the vertical separation device having a cyclone structure can be continuously collected, the suction operation of the forest surface soil can be continuously performed without interruption.
(6) By increasing the auxiliary ejector device, the air transport distance of the forest surface soil will be greatly increased, so that workers can be released from the work of transporting the surface soil, which was a heavy labor, and transported safely. Is possible.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(1) Outline of sampling device As shown in FIG. 1, a forest surface soil sampling device according to the present invention is sampled by a negative pressure suction means for negatively suctioning the forest surface soil A through a suction hose 10 and a negative pressure suction means. The forest surface layer soil A is transported by air by the transport hose 11 and is separated and recovered. The specific configuration of the sampling device will be described in detail below.

(2) Negative pressure suction means The negative pressure suction means has an ejector device 12 provided at the tail end of the suction hose 10 and a compressor 30 for supplying compressed air to the ejector device 12.
A soil collecting cover 20 is swingably provided at the tip of the suction hose 10.
A conveying hose 11 is connected between the discharge side of the ejector device 12 and the separation and recovery means, and an air supply pipe 31 for supplying compressed air is connected between the compressor 30 and the ejector device 12 and the soil collecting cover 20. ing.

  One of the features of the present invention is that an air collecting cover 20 is provided at the tip of the suction hose 10 and has an action of preventing the adhesion of the forest surface soil A in the suction hose 10 in addition to the loosening action of the forest surface soil A. The formation efficiency of the forest surface soil A is improved by forming the injection port 21 in a part of the soil collecting cover 20.

[hose]
The suction hose 10 and the transport hose 11 are pipes for transporting the forest surface soil A sucked and collected at the position of the soil collecting cover 20 to the separation and recovery means, and are, for example, known PVC-based or resin-based flexibility. By using a suction hose or the like having a weight, the weight can be reduced to the same extent as the air pipe 31 and the hoses 10 and 11 can be easily routed in the forest.
Moreover, in order to convey the forest surface soil A to the ejector device 12 without reducing the flow velocity, it is desirable that the length of the suction hose 10 be 5 m or less. This is because when the length of the suction hose 10 exceeds 5 m, water droplets easily adhere to the suction hose 10.

[Ejector device]
The ejector device 12 provided at the terminal portion of the suction hose 10 can generate a negative pressure toward the separation and recovery means inside the suction hose 10 when compressed air is supplied from the compressor 30 through the air supply pipe 31. A known ejector can be used.

[compressor]
Although the suction and conveyance capability of the ejector device 12 vary greatly depending on the capability of the compressor 30, it is efficient to use a compressor having a discharge air amount of 10.5 to 11.0 m ³ / min or more.

[Cover cover]
The soil collecting cover 20 is for shielding the exposed surface of the forest surface soil A from the surroundings to define a certain area, and is made up of a box having only the bottom part opened. There is no limitation in particular about the magnitude | size and outline shape of the soil collecting cover 20, and shall select suitably.
The tip of the suction hose 10 is swingably connected to a part of the soil collecting cover 20 so that the ground contact angle can be freely adjusted according to the slope and irregularities of the soil collecting site. Improve the suction efficiency by close contact with the ground.

One or a plurality of air injection ports 21 are formed in part of the soil collecting cover 20.
The air injection port 21 and the compressor 30 are connected by an air supply pipe 31 so that compressed air can be injected toward the open bottom of the soil collecting cover 20.
The air injection port 21 makes it easy to loosen and collect the forest surface soil with compressed air, and increases the suction speed of the suction hose 10 communicating with the soil collecting cover 20 to evaporate the moisture contained in the forest surface soil A. To enhance.

(3) Separation and recovery means The separation and recovery means is for separating the transport air and recovering the forest surface soil A, and in this example, a case where the cyclone-structured separation device 40 is vertically arranged will be described. .
The separation device 40 has an exhaust port 41 formed in the upper portion thereof, and a discharge port 43 formed in the lower end of the lower half portion having a conical shape. The separation device 40 is conveyed through the conveyance hose 11 connected to a part of the separation device 40. The forest surface soil can be collected separately from the transport air.

(4) Method for collecting forest surface soil A method for collecting forest surface soil using the above-described collecting device will be described.

[Preliminary work]
The compressor 30 and the separation device 40 are installed in a place such as a road or an open space away from the collection site.
The air supply pipe 31 extending from the compressor 30 and the lightweight hoses 10 and 11 extending from the separation device 40 are pulled into the forest 50 to 60 m away from the forest.
The ejector device 12 is inserted between both the hoses 10 and 11, and the air supply pipe 31 extending from the compressor 30 is connected to the ejector device 12 and the soil collecting cover 20, respectively.

[Negative pressure suction of forest surface soil]
When the compressor 30 is operated, a negative pressure is generated in the soil collection cover 20 connected to the tip of the suction hose 10 as an air flow toward the separation device 40 is formed in the suction hose 10.

When the worker moves back and forth and left and right with the bottom of the soil collecting cover 20 landed on the ground of the collection site, the forest surface soil A in the range covered by the soil collecting cover 20 is sucked under negative pressure.
The forest surface soil A sucked from the suction port of the ejector device 12 is discharged to the transport hose 11 and is air transported to the separation device 40 by the transport hose 11.

  When suctioning the forest surface soil A at a negative pressure, the forest surface soil is loosened by the compressed air jetted from the air injection port 21 in the soil collection cover 20, and the soil collection cover 20 restricts free entry of the atmosphere. By increasing the negative pressure suction force, the recoverability of the forest surface soil A is significantly improved as compared with the case where the soil collecting cover 20 is not provided.

  In addition, as the compressed air is injected into the soil collection cover 20 isolated from the surroundings, the suction speed in the suction hose 10 is increased to increase the evaporation efficiency of water in the forest surface soil A and avoid the attachment of water droplets. In connection with being able to do, it can suppress effectively that a soil particle adheres in the suction hose 10.

Therefore, even if the suctioning operation of the forest surface soil A is continuously performed, it is possible to efficiently extract the forest surface soil A without causing a decrease in suction force or a blockage in the hose.
Further, even in a narrow and sloping forest, only the handling of the suction hose 10 of about 5 m and the small soil collecting cover 20 at the tip of the hose is sufficient, so that it is possible to greatly reduce the sampling personnel and labor.

[Separation and recovery of forest surface soil]
The forest surface soil A transported by the transport hose 11 is sent into a separation device 40 having a cyclone structure, and is separated into surface soil and transport air.
The conveying air is discharged from the exhaust port 41 above the separation device 40, and the remaining forest surface soil A is discharged from the lower discharge port 43.

The forest surface soil A is recovered by being naturally dropped into a quantitative container 50 previously placed directly under the exhaust port 41 or a collection bag 51 accommodated and set in advance in the quantitative container 50.
As in this example, if a transport carriage 52 on which a plurality of quantitative containers 50 can be mounted is prepared, it is possible to continuously perform the sampling operation and the recovery operation of the forest surface soil A without interruption.

As described above, since most of the water in the forest surface soil A collected by the suction, transport, and separation operations has evaporated, it can be recovered in a state suitable for long-term storage.
The collected surface soil of the forest contains a large amount of buried seeds in the forest where the construction is planned or in the neighboring forest, so it can be used effectively as a plant material to restore natural vegetation in harmony with the surrounding natural landscape. It can be used for biodiversity greening that can restore local ecosystems.

(5) Other Embodiments In the above embodiment, the case where the collected forest surface soil A is transported to the separation device 40 only by the transport force of the ejector device 12 through the transport hose 11 has been described. When the transport distance of A is long or when the transport efficiency is increased, as shown in FIG. 3, one or more auxiliary ejector devices 13 may be added in the middle or at the end of the transport hose 11.
In some cases, the auxiliary ejector device 13 is interposed in the middle of the suction hose 10.

  Similarly to the ejector device 12 described above, the auxiliary ejector device 13 can form an air flow toward the separation device 40 by supplying compressed air through an air supply pipe 32 extending from the compressor 30.

  In the present embodiment, not only can the forest surface soil A be transported over a long distance, but also the forest surface soil A with a heavy unit weight can be transported.

  Further, the case where compressed air is discharged into the soil collecting cover 20 through the compressed air discharge port 31 has been described above. However, compressed air can be supplied from the middle of the suction hose 10 between the soil collecting cover 20 and the ejector device 12. In this way, the tip of a separate air supply pipe 31 can be connected to the suction hose 10 so that the compressed air can be directly introduced into the suction hose 10 as well as within the soil collecting cover 20.

  When the forest surface soil A does not need to be loosened with compressed air, it is possible to connect the tip of the air supply pipe 31 in the middle of the suction hose 10 and introduce the compressed air directly into the suction hose 10.

  By introducing the compressed air directly into the suction hose 10 in this way, the suction speed of the forest surface soil A is increased. Therefore, even if the suction hose 10 has a length exceeding 5 m, Therefore, it is possible to prevent soil particles from adhering to the suction hose 10 and to transport the forest surface soil A over a long distance.

Model diagram of forest surface soil collection device according to the present invention Explanatory drawing of the soil collecting cover with a part broken Model diagram of forest surface soil collection device according to another embodiment of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

A ... Forest surface soil 10 ... Suction hose 11 ... Transport hose 12 ... Ejector device 13 ... Auxiliary ejector device 20 ... ·············································· Air jet port 30 ······ Compressors 31 and 32 ··· Air pipe 40 ···· Separation device means)

Claims (6)

A negative pressure suction means for negatively sucking the forest surface soil through a suction hose; and a separation and recovery means for separating and recovering the forest surface soil by air transporting the forest surface soil collected by the negative pressure suction means with a transport hose, A suction device for sucking and collecting forest surface soil including buried seeds,
Provide a soil collecting cover that limits the suction range at the tip of the suction hose,
The compressed air can be discharged into the soil collecting cover.
A device for collecting forest surface soil. A negative pressure suction means for negatively sucking the forest surface soil through a suction hose; and a separation and recovery means for separating and recovering the forest surface soil by air transporting the forest surface soil collected by the negative pressure suction means with a transport hose, A suction device for sucking and collecting forest surface soil including buried seeds,
Provide a soil collecting cover that limits the suction range at the tip of the suction hose,
The compressed hose can be discharged into the suction hose.
A device for collecting forest surface soil. A negative pressure suction means for negatively sucking the forest surface soil through a suction hose; and a separation and recovery means for separating and recovering the forest surface soil by air transporting the forest surface soil collected by the negative pressure suction means with a transport hose, A suction device for sucking and collecting forest surface soil including buried seeds,
Provide a soil collecting cover that limits the suction range at the tip of the suction hose,
The compressed air can be discharged into the soil collecting cover and the suction hose.
A device for collecting forest surface soil.   4. The forest according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure suction means includes an ejector device provided at a tail end of the suction hose, and a compressor for supplying compressed air to the ejector device. Surface soil sampling device.   5. The forest surface soil collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one or more auxiliary ejector devices are interposed in the suction hose or the transport hose.   4. The forest surface soil collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the separation and recovery means for separating and recovering the forest surface soil is a vertical separation device having a cyclone structure.

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