JP6465878B2 - 生体アクティビティをアッセイするための微少流体デバイス - Google Patents
生体アクティビティをアッセイするための微少流体デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP6465878B2 JP6465878B2 JP2016525565A JP2016525565A JP6465878B2 JP 6465878 B2 JP6465878 B2 JP 6465878B2 JP 2016525565 A JP2016525565 A JP 2016525565A JP 2016525565 A JP2016525565 A JP 2016525565A JP 6465878 B2 JP6465878 B2 JP 6465878B2
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Description
本願は、U.S.変更仮特許出願第14/060,423号の仮ではない(したがって、その利益および/またはそれに対する優先権を主張する)。
生物科学および関連分野において、細胞などの微小物体の生体アクティビティ(biological activity)をアッセイすることは、有用であり得る。本発明のいくつかの態様は、微少流体デバイスの保持用囲い(holding pens)中の生体アクティビティをアッセイするための装置および処理を含む。
いくつかの態様において、本発明は、微少流体デバイス中の生体アクティビティをアッセイするための処理を提供する。生体アクティビティは、生体細胞などによる、目的の生体材料の生産であり得る。したがって、処理は、微少流体デバイスの保持用囲い中の目的の生体材料を生産する1以上の生体細胞の培養を含み得る。処理は、さらに、保持用囲いの中に1以上の捕捉微小物体(capture micro-objects)を導入すること、および、1以上の生体細胞によって生産される目的の生体材料が、1以上の捕捉微小物体に結合することを可能にすることを含み得る。捕捉微小物体は、例えば、前目的の生体材料を特異的に結合する結合物質を含み得る。処理はまた、結合された目的の生体材料のために捕捉微小物体を評価することを含み得る。
本明細書は、本発明の例示態様および適用を記載する。しかしながら、本発明は、これらの例示態様および適用に、あるいは、例示態様および適用が動作するかまたは本明細書に記載されるやり方に限定されない。また、図は、簡略化されたかまたは部分的な図を示してもよく、図中の要素の寸法は、明確化のため、大きく見せてもよいし、またはそうでなければ、釣り合いが取れていなくてもよい。加えて、用語「の上にある(on)」、「に付着されている(attached to)」または「とカップリングされている(coupled to)」が本明細書に使用されるとき、1つの要素(例えば材料、層、基板など)は、1つの要素が直接、他の要素の上に、それに付着されているか、または、それとカップリングされているか否かにかかわらず、あるいは、1以上の介在要素が一方の要素と他方の要素との間にあるか否かにかかわらず、別の要素「の上にある」か、それ「に付着されている」か、または、それ「とカップリングされてい」てもよい。提供される場合、方向(例えば、上へ(above)、下へ(below)、上端(top)、下端(bottom)、横へ(side)、上方へ(up)、下方へ(down)、下へ(under)、上へ(over)、上方へ(upper)、下方へ(lower)、水平の(horizontal)、垂直の(vertical)、「x」、「y」、「z」など)もまた相対的なものであって、説明および検討を容易にするため例を用いて単に提供されるものであり、限定する目的はない。加えて、要素の一覧(例えば要素a、b、c)を参照する場合、かかる参照は、載せられた要素のいずれか1つそれ自体、載せられた要素の全部より少ないものからなるいずれかの組み合わせ、および/または、載せられた要素の全部からなる組み合わせを含むことを意図する。
Claims (43)
- 微少流体デバイスにおいて生体アクティビティをアッセイする処理であって、
前記微少流体デバイスの保持用囲いにおいて、目的の生体材料を生産する1以上の生体細胞を培養することと、
前記保持用囲いの中へ1以上の捕捉微小物体を導入することと、
前記1以上の生体細胞を培養しながら、前記1以上の生体細胞によって生産される前記目的の生体材料が、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体に結合するようにすることと、
前記捕捉微小物体に結合されている前記目的の生体材料を評価することと、
を含み、
前記微少流体デバイスがハウジングを含み、
前記ハウジングが、
基部と、
前記基部上に配置されている微少流体構造物と、
前記基部上に配置されている前記保持用囲いと、
を備え、
前記微少流体構造物および前記基部が、前記保持用囲いが配置されている流れ領域を定義し、
前記保持用囲いが、
単一の開口を有する単離領域と、
前記流れ領域への近位開口と前記単離領域への遠位開口を有する接続領域と、
を含み、
前記接続領域の長さが、前記流れ領域を流れる流体の浸透深さより大きく、前記保持用囲いの前記単離領域が、前記微少流体デバイスの流れのない領域であり、流体が前記単離領域に直接流れることが防止され、
前記捕捉微小物体の各々が、前記目的の生体材料に特異的に結合する結合物質を含む、
処理。 - 前記目的の生体材料が、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体に結合させるようにすることの後であるが、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体に結合されている前記目的の生体材料を評価することの前に、前記保持用囲いから前記1以上の捕捉微小物体を除去することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の捕捉微小物体を除去することが、前記微少流体デバイス内に位置づけられるアッセイ領域へ前記1以上の捕捉微小物体を移動させることを含む、請求項2に記載の処理。
- 前記アッセイ領域が、前記微少流体デバイスにおいてチャネル内に位置づけられる停留部である、請求項3に記載の処理。
- 前記アッセイ領域が、前記微少流体デバイス内に位置づけられるチャンバーである、請求項3に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の捕捉微小物体を除去することが、前記微少流体デバイス中のチャネルへ前記1以上の捕捉微小物体を移動させることと、前記微少流体デバイスから前記1以上の捕捉微小物体を搬出することとを含む、請求項2に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の捕捉微小物体を除去することが、
前記微少流体デバイスの内表面上へ前記少なくとも1つの捕捉微小物体を取り囲む光パターンを投影することによって、前記保持用囲い中の前記捕捉微小物体の少なくとも1つを捕らえる光トラップを作り出すこと、および
前記微少流体デバイス中のチャネルの中へ前記保持用囲いから前記光トラップを移動させることを含む、請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載の処理。 - 前記1以上の捕捉微小物体が磁気を帯び、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体を除去することが、前記微少流体デバイスに磁場を適用することを含む、請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記除去された捕捉微小物体の各々を、そこから前記除去された捕捉微小物体が除去された前記保持用囲いと互いに関係づけることをさらに含む、請求項2〜8のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記評価することが、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体に結合されている前記目的の生体材料のタイプを決定することを含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記評価することが、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体に結合されている前記目的の生体材料の活性を決定することを含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記評価することが、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体に結合されている前記目的の生体材料の量を決定することを含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記決定することが、
前記1以上の捕捉微小物体に結合されている前記目的の生体材料にアッセイ材料を結合することと、
前記1以上の捕捉微小物体と前記アッセイ材料から生じる放射線との間の関連を検知することと、
を含む、請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の処理。 - 前記決定することが、前記目的の生体材料に前記アッセイ材料を結合することの後であるが、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体と前記アッセイ材料から生じる放射線との間の関連を検知することの前に、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体から、結合されないアッセイ材料を洗い流すことをさらに含む、請求項13に記載の処理。
- 各前記捕捉微小物体に関連する前記放射線が、所定の特徴に対応するかどうかを決定することをさらに含む、請求項13に記載の処理。
- 前記目的の生体材料が、タンパク質である、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記タンパク質が、抗体である、請求項16に記載の処理。
- 前記評価することが、前記1以上の捕捉微小物体が前記保持用囲いにある間に実施される、請求項1に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の捕捉微小物体の結合物質が、前記目的の生体材料に対して、少なくとも1μMの結合親和性を有する、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記保持用囲い中の前記1以上の生体細胞が、生体細胞のクローンコロニーを含む、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記保持用囲い中の前記1以上の生体細胞が、単一の細胞である、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の捕捉微小物体が、単一の捕捉微小物体である、請求項1〜21のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の捕捉微小物体が、複数の捕捉微小物体を含み、その各々が、前記複数における他の捕捉微小物体の結合物質とは異なる結合物質を含む、請求項1〜21のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記目的の生体材料が、抗体であり、前記複数の捕捉微小物体の各々が、前記複数における他の捕捉微小物体の結合物質によって結合される抗体アイソタイプとは異なる抗体アイソタイプに結合する結合物質を含む、請求項23に記載の処理。
- 前記目的の生体材料が、抗体であり、前記複数の捕捉微小物体の各々が、前記抗体によって認識される抗原のエピトープに対応する結合物質を含む、請求項23に記載の処理。
- 前記目的の生体材料が、抗体であり、前記複数のうち1つの捕捉微小物体が、前記抗体によって認識される抗原またはそのエピトープに対応する結合物質を含み、前記複数のうち他の捕捉微小物体の各々が、異なる種からの前記抗原の相同体またはそのエピトープに対応する結合物質を含む、請求項23に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の捕捉微小物体を除去することが、
前記少なくとも1つの捕捉微小物体に近接した前記微少流体デバイスの内表面上に光パターンを投影することによって、前記保持用囲いにおいて前記捕捉微小物体の少なくとも1つに近接した光誘起DEP電極を起動することと、
前記保持用囲いから前記微少流体デバイスにおけるチャネル中へ前記光パターンを移動させ、前記起動したDEP電極が、前記少なくとも1つの捕捉微小物体を前記チャネル中へ遠ざけることと、
を含む、請求項2に記載の処理。 - 微少流体デバイスにおいて生体アクティビティをアッセイする処理であって、
微少流体デバイスの保持用囲いにおいて、1以上の異なる目的の生体材料を生産する1以上の生体細胞を培養することと、
前記保持用囲いの中へ1以上の異なるタイプの捕捉微小物体を導入することと、
前記1以上の生体細胞を培養しながら、前記1以上の生体細胞によって生産される前記1以上の異なる目的の生体材料が、前記1以上の異なるタイプの捕捉微小物体に結合するようにすることと、
前記1以上の異なる目的の生体材料と前記1以上の異なるタイプの捕捉微小物体との間の結合を評価することと、
を含み、
前記微少流体デバイスがハウジングを含み、
前記ハウジングが、
基部と、
前記基部上に配置されている微少流体構造物と、
前記基部上に配置されている前記保持用囲いと、
を備え、
前記微少流体構造物および前記基部が、前記保持用囲いが配置されている流れ領域を定義し、
前記保持用囲いが、
単一の開口を有する単離領域と、
前記流れ領域への近位開口と前記単離領域への遠位開口を有する接続領域と、
を含み、
前記接続領域の長さが、前記流れ領域を流れる流体の浸透深さより大きく、前記保持用囲いの前記単離領域が、前記微少流体デバイスの流れのない領域であり、流体が前記単離領域に直接流れることが防止され、
前記1以上の異なるタイプの捕捉微小物体の各タイプが、前記1以上の異なる目的の生体材料のそれぞれの1つに特異的に結合する結合物質を含む、
処理。 - 前記1以上の異なる目的の生体材料の少なくとも1つが、前記1以上の異なるタイプの捕捉微小物体の1つに特異的に結合する場合、前記評価の結果が陽性である、請求項28に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の異なる目的の生体材料の少なくとも2つが各々、前記1以上の異なるタイプの捕捉微小物体のそれぞれの1つに特異的に結合する場合、前記評価の結果が陽性である、請求項28に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の異なる目的の生体材料のすべてが各々、前記1以上の異なるタイプの捕捉微小物体の1つに特異的に結合する場合、前記評価の結果が陽性である、請求項28に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の異なるタイプの捕捉微小物体が、同時に前記囲いの中へ導入される、請求項28〜31のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- 前記1以上の異なるタイプの捕捉微小物体が、連続して前記囲いの中へ導入される、請求項28〜31のいずれか一項に記載の処理。
- ハウジングを含む微少流体デバイスであって、
前記ハウジングが、
基部と、
前記基部上に配置されている微少流体構造物と、
前記微少流体構造物および前記基部で定義されたチャネルを含む流れ領域内かつ前記基部上に配置されている保持用囲いと、
アッセイ領域と、
を備え、
前記保持用囲いが、
単一の開口を有する単離領域と、
前記チャネルへの近位開口と前記単離領域への遠位開口を有する接続領域と、
を含み、
前記接続領域の長さが、前記チャネルを流れる流体の浸透深さより大きく、前記保持用囲いの前記単離領域が、前記微少流体デバイスの流れのない領域であり、流体が前記単離領域に直接流れることが防止され、
前記アッセイ領域が、前記保持用囲いに近接して位置づけられる、
微少流体デバイス。 - 前記アッセイ領域が、前記チャネル内に位置づけられる停留部を含む、請求項34に記載の微少流体デバイス。
- 前記アッセイ領域が、前記チャネルへの開口を有するアッセイチャンバーを含み、前記アッセイチャンバーは、前記保持用囲いに並んで位置づけられる、請求項34に記載の微少流体デバイス。
- 前記アッセイ領域が、前記チャネルへの開口を有するアッセイチャンバーを含み、前記アッセイチャンバーへの前記開口は、前記保持用囲いの前記接続領域の前記近位開口から前記チャネルを横切って直接に位置づけられる、請求項34に記載の微少流体デバイス。
- 前記アッセイチャンバーが、実質的に単離領域を欠く、請求項36または37に記載の微少流体デバイス。
- 前記デバイスが、包囲体内で磁力を発生させるための手段をさらに含む、請求項34〜38のいずれか一項に記載の微少流体デバイス。
- 前記ハウジングが、
第1電極と、
第2電極と、
電極起動基板と、
をさらに含み、
前記第1電極は、前記ハウジングの第1壁の一部であり、前記第2電極および前記電極起動基板は、前記ハウジングの第2壁の一部であり、
前記電極起動基板は、複数のDEP電極領域を含む表面を有し、
前記電極起動基板の前記表面は、前記流れ領域の内表面である、
請求項34〜39のいずれか一項に記載の微少流体デバイス。 - 前記電極起動基板が、光伝導材料である、請求項40に記載の微少流体デバイス。
- 前記電極起動基板が、半導体材料を含む、請求項40に記載の微少流体デバイス。
- 前記半導体材料が、半導体集積回路を形成する複数のドープ層、電気絶縁層および導電層を含む、請求項42に記載の微少流体デバイス。
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