JP6429619B2 - Hazardous substance collection device and method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hazardous substance collecting apparatus and a hazardous substance collecting method used when detoxifying an object to be inspected such as a ballast for a fluorescent lamp using a harmful substance such as polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB).

  A ballast for fluorescent lamps using harmful substances such as those described above, for example, even if the amount of polychlorinated biphenyl (hereinafter abbreviated as PCB) filled in a capacitor in the ballast is small, Since the PCB enclosed in the capacitor may leak to the outside, processing of the ballast using the PCB is in a hurry.

  However, if heat generation due to a short circuit occurs continuously due to deterioration or aging of the ballast over a long period of time, the internal pressure increases as the PCB enclosed in the capacitor vaporizes, covering the capacitor. Since the case expands due to an increase in internal pressure and the seal is released, there is a high possibility that the PCB will leak to the outside. In this case, the capacitor and the filler constituting the ballast may be contaminated by the PCB. In addition, there has been reported a case where PCB is detected from a filler or the like even when the PCB leaked from the capacitor cannot be discerned in appearance.

  Of the ballasts, PCBs are used only for capacitors, but many capacitors are fixed by a filler filled in the ballast, so that only the capacitors can be rendered harmless. The ballast must be dismantled and the capacitor removed from the ballast. However, if the PCB leaks into the ballast, members such as the case and the filler are contaminated by the PCB, so that the members other than the capacitor need to be detoxified.

  As an apparatus or method for disassembling a ballast using the above-mentioned PCB, for example, a ballast in which a PCB is enclosed is disassembled in a sealed bag-like bag, and a capacitor in which the PCB is accommodated is disassembled. An apparatus and a method have been proposed (see Patent Document 1). With this apparatus and method, it is possible to take out the capacitor containing the PCB from the ballast, but it is impossible to visually determine that the PCB is leaking from the outside of the ballast. It is difficult to make an accurate judgment as to whether only the capacitor needs to be detoxified or whether the entire ballast needs to be detoxified.

JP 2003-200148 A

  This invention is capable of collecting toxic substances leaked from an inspection object simply and quickly, and is capable of disassembling the inspection object according to the concentration of the collected toxic substance, And to provide a method for collecting harmful substances.

  This invention is connected to a flexible bag-shaped collection chamber containing a test object in which a hazardous substance is sealed, and one side of the collection chamber, and heated to a temperature at which the harmful substance vaporizes. Air supply means for supplying air into the collection chamber; toxic substance capture means connected to the other side of the collection chamber, allowing passage of the air and capturing the toxic substance in the air; and The hazardous substance concentration measuring means for measuring the concentration of the harmful substance captured by the substance capturing means, the measured value measured by the harmful substance concentration measuring means, and a preset threshold value are compared, and the measured value is equal to or greater than the threshold value. And a hazardous substance concentration determining means for determining whether or not the hazardous substance is collected.

  Further, the present invention provides an accommodation process for accommodating an inspection object in which a harmful substance is sealed in a flexible bag-shaped collection chamber, and air collected at a temperature at which the harmful substance is vaporized by an air supply means. A harmful substance vaporization step for vaporizing the harmful substance leaked from the inspection object, and a harmful substance capture step for capturing the vaporized harmful substance contained in the air with a harmful substance capture means; Compare the concentration measurement step of measuring the concentration of the harmful substance captured by the hazardous substance capturing means with the hazardous substance concentration measuring means, the measured value measured by the hazardous substance concentration measuring means, and a preset threshold value, It is a hazardous substance collecting method in which the concentration determination step of determining whether or not the measured value is greater than or equal to a threshold value by the hazardous substance concentration determination means is performed in this order.

  The inspection object can be constituted by, for example, a fluorescent lamp ballast provided with a capacitor in which harmful substances such as polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and dioxins are enclosed. The air supply means can be constituted by, for example, a heating device such as a heater that heats air to a temperature at which harmful substances are vaporized, and a blower such as a blower that blows air heated by the heating device.

  The harmful substance capturing means can be composed of, for example, a glass or plastic container excellent in solvent resistance and heat resistance, and a harmful substance adsorbent that adsorbs the harmful substance filled in the container.

  The harmful substance concentration measuring means can be constituted by an analyzer using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometry method (GC / MS method), a gas chromatograph electron capture detection method (GC / ECD method), or the like. Further, the harmful substance concentration determination means can be constituted by, for example, a program stored in the CPU.

According to the present invention, harmful substances leaked from the inspection object can be collected easily and quickly, and the inspection object can be disassembled according to the concentration of the collected harmful substances.
Specifically, for example, after storing an object to be inspected in which a harmful substance such as polychlorinated biphenyl is enclosed in the collection chamber, air heated to a temperature at which the harmful substance supplied from the air supply means vaporizes is sent into the collection chamber, The inside of the collection chamber and the inspection object are heated to a temperature at which harmful substances are vaporized (for example, a temperature within a range of 80 ° C. to 90 ° C.).

  For example, if even a small amount of harmful substances sealed in the inspection object leaks to the outside of the inspection object, the harmful substances are heated by the air supplied into the collection chamber. Promoted. The vaporized harmful substance is supplied to the harmful substance capturing means together with the air by the transfer force of the air supplied from the air supply means.

  If harmful substances are contained in the air, they are reliably captured when passing through the means for capturing harmful substances, and only air is allowed to pass through, so only air from which harmful substances have been separated is released into the atmosphere. be able to.

  If harmful substances are not leaking outside the object to be inspected, even if air supplied from the air supply means is sent into the collection chamber, the harmful substances will not be vaporized, only air that has passed through the harmful substance capture means. Are released into the atmosphere.

  When measuring the concentration of harmful substances captured by the hazardous substance capturing means, for example, using toluene as an organic solvent for instrumental analysis, or using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for bioassay, etc. Elute harmful substances from the means for capturing harmful substances.

  Measure the concentration of harmful substances eluted from the hazardous substance capture means with the hazardous substance concentration measurement means, and compare the measured value measured with the hazardous substance concentration measurement means with the preset threshold value with the hazardous substance concentration determination means. , It is determined whether the measured value is equal to or greater than a threshold value.

If it is determined by the hazardous substance concentration determination means that the threshold is greater than or equal to the threshold value, it is recognized that the hazardous substance has leaked outside the inspection object, so the entire object including the part in which the harmful substance is enclosed, for example, In other words, the condenser, iron core, coil part, main body, case, and other parts of the fluorescent lamp ballast that are filled with harmful substances are contaminated and the inside of the collection chamber containing the test object is contaminated.
That is, it is necessary to detoxify not only the contaminated inspection object but also a part other than the inspection object.

If it is determined by the hazardous substance concentration determination means that the value is below the threshold value, no leakage of harmful substances is observed outside the inspection object, and for example, hazardous substances are included in the inspection object other than the part where the hazardous substance is enclosed. The iron core, the coil part, the main body, the case, and the like other than the capacitor that has been made and the inside of the collection chamber that contains the inspection object are not contaminated.
Thereby, the test object can be disassembled into a part in which the harmful substance is enclosed and a part other than the part in which the harmful substance is enclosed.

  As a result, based on the determination result by the hazardous substance concentration determination means, it is possible to accurately determine whether the part contaminated with the hazardous substance in the inspection object should be detoxified or the entire inspection object should be detoxified. it can.

  As an example of an inspection object, for example, a ballast for a fluorescent lamp is disassembled into parts such as a capacitor, an iron core, a coil part, a main body, and a case, and only a capacitor in which a harmful substance is enclosed is detoxified, or a capacitor Dispose of hazardous substances extracted from the product, or detoxify parts other than capacitors (including the entire ballast) that are contaminated with harmful substances.

  Moreover, the harmful substance leaked from the object to be inspected, for example, harmful substances adhering to the outside of the ballast or the inside of the collection chamber is vaporized and the vaporized harmful substance is removed using the above-mentioned hazardous substance collecting apparatus. Since it is captured by the toxic substance capturing means, the concentration of the toxic substance captured by the toxic substance capturing means can be measured on-site using, for example, an instrument or a bioassay.

  Furthermore, for example, a flexible bag-shaped collection chamber formed of a synthetic resin film or sheet or a harmful substance capturing means (for example, an adsorption column) formed of glass or plastic is relatively inexpensive and simple. And can be handled quickly. In addition, it has excellent durability against impacts and vibrations, and is not easily damaged, so it can be handled safely.

  Furthermore, since the hazardous substance collecting apparatus can be reduced in size as an on-site facility, there is an advantage that a large number of inspection objects can be simultaneously inspected and the cost required for the inspection can be reduced.

  As an aspect of the present invention, the air supply means includes: an air heating heater that heats the air to a temperature at which the harmful substance vaporizes; and a blower that supplies air heated to a predetermined temperature by the heater to the sampling chamber. Can be configured.

According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently vaporize harmful substances leaked from the inspection object, for example, harmful substances attached to the inside of the collection chamber or the inspection object.
Specifically, air heated to a temperature at which harmful substances are vaporized by a heater is continuously sent into the collection chamber by a blower, and is exposed to the outside of the inspection object and the inside of the collection chamber. Let

Thereby, the inside of the collection chamber and the inspection object can be efficiently heated to a temperature at which harmful substances are vaporized.
As a result, it is possible to efficiently vaporize harmful substances leaked from the inspection object and to measure the concentration of the harmful substances reliably and quickly.

As an aspect of the present invention, the collection chamber can be configured to have a size and a shape that can wrap the whole or a part of the inspection object.
The collection chamber can be composed of, for example, a flexible synthetic resin film or sheet, or an airtight fabric made of a fabric made of chemical fiber or natural fiber.

According to this invention, the collection chamber can be deformed according to the size and shape of the inspection object or the number of accommodation.
More specifically, it is not limited to the use of inspecting a specific inspection object, and is used for inspecting various inspection objects having different sizes and shapes, or for simultaneously inspecting a plurality of inspection objects. be able to.

As a result, even if the size and shape of the inspection object are slightly different, the inspection object can be used for the inspection of whether or not harmful substances are leaking as long as it can be accommodated in the collection chamber.
In addition, since the collection chamber is flexible, for example, it can be manufactured relatively inexpensively as an on-site facility rather than being inspected by storing the inspection object in a collection chamber surrounded by a wall. In addition, it can be downsized.

  As an aspect of the present invention, the sampling chamber is composed of a flexible base material layer and a chemically resistant metal layer formed on the entire inner surface of the base material layer that covers the object to be inspected. Can do.

The concept of forming the metal layer on the entire inner surface of the base material layer that covers the object to be inspected includes, for example, vapor deposition, coating, and lamination.
According to this invention, it is possible to prevent harmful substances from leaking outside the collection chamber.

  Specifically, the collection chamber covers the entire inner surface of the base material layer that covers the object to be inspected with a chemical-resistant metal layer (specifically, an aluminum layer), thus preventing leakage of harmful substances. The required airtightness can be ensured, and harmful substances leaked from the inspection object can be prevented from coming into direct contact with the base material layer.

In addition, since the metal layer hardly undergoes a chemical change even when a harmful substance such as polychlorinated biphenyl comes into contact with the metal layer, for example, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of holes or corrosion.
Thereby, in the state which accommodated the test object in the collection chamber, it can prevent that a harmful substance leaks outside the collection chamber.
As a result, the harmful substance leaked from the inspection object can be reliably captured by the harmful substance capturing means.

  Also, as an aspect of the present invention, the harmful substance capturing means is filled with an adsorption column filled with a harmful substance adsorbent that allows passage of the air and adsorbs the harmful substance contained in the air, and the adsorption column is packed. The harmful substance adsorbent may be composed of a column heater that heats the moisture in the harmful substance to a temperature at which the moisture in the harmful substance evaporates.

  The adsorption column can be composed of a cylindrical container made of glass or plastic having excellent solvent resistance and heat resistance, for example. Further, the harmful substance adsorbent can be composed of, for example, activated alumina, basic alumina, neutral alumina, acidic alumina or the like.

  Further, the column heater can be constituted by, for example, a cartridge type PTC heater having a self-temperature control function in which the temperature does not rise above a preset heat generation temperature.

  According to this invention, it is possible to accurately measure the concentration of harmful substances leaked from the inspection object.

  Specifically, the adsorption column is heated by the adsorbent heating means and maintained at a temperature at which moisture in the harmful substance trapped by the harmful substance adsorbent evaporates (for example, a temperature within a range of 110 ° C. to 120 ° C.). ing.

As a result, excess moisture is evaporated from the harmful substance adsorbed on the harmful substance adsorbent to promote the drying of the harmful substance and to increase the concentration of the harmful substance adsorbed on the harmful substance adsorbent. Concentration can be measured more accurately by means of measuring harmful substance concentration.
As a result, it can be accurately determined with higher accuracy by the hazardous substance concentration determination means whether or not the concentration of the harmful substance is equal to or higher than the threshold value.

  According to the present invention, harmful substances leaked from the inspection object can be collected easily and quickly, and the inspection object can be disassembled according to the concentration of the collected harmful substances.

Explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the harmful substance collection apparatus which collects the harmful substance leaked from the ballast, and the harmful substance collection method. Explanatory drawing which shows the state which measured the density | concentration of the state which disassembled the capacitor | condenser of a ballast, and the eluted harmful | toxic substance. The graph which shows the relationship between the harmful substance adhesion amount of a ballast, and the density | concentration of the vaporized harmful substance.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a hazardous substance collecting apparatus 10 that collects a harmful substance P leaked from a ballast S, and FIG. 2 shows a state in which the capacitor Sa of the ballast S is disassembled and the concentration of the eluted harmful substance P is measured. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the harmful substance adhesion amount of the ballast S and the concentration of the harmful substance P. FIG.

  The hazardous substance collecting apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is allowed to accommodate a fluorescent lamp ballast (hereinafter abbreviated as a stabilizer) enclosing a harmful substance P such as polychlorinated biphenyl (hereinafter abbreviated as PCB). A bag-shaped collection chamber 20 and a hot air supply device 30 connected to one side of the collection chamber 20 and supplying air AH (warm air) heated to a temperature at which the harmful substance P vaporizes into the collection chamber 20 The harmful substance capturing device 40 that is connected to the other side of the sampling chamber 20 and captures the harmful substance P contained in the air AP, and the concentration (ppm) of the harmful substance P captured by the harmful substance capturing device 40 A determination is made as to whether or not the measured value is equal to or greater than the threshold value by comparing the toxic substance concentration measuring device 50 to be measured with the measured value and a threshold value stored in a storage unit (not shown) (see the dashed line in FIG. 3). And a harmful substance concentration determination unit 60 (see FIG. 1). See Figure 2).

  The above-described ballast S is configured by accommodating a capacitor Sa, an iron core Sb, and a coil part Sc (winding part) in a box-shaped main body Sd. The main body Sd includes a case Sd1 having an opening on the bottom surface side and a bottom plate Sd2 fixed on the bottom surface side of the case Sd1 (see FIG. 1).

On the bottom plate Sd2, a capacitor Sa enclosing a harmful substance P (PCB) and an iron core Sb are arranged at a predetermined interval. A coil portion Sc is disposed on the iron core Sb.
The main body Sd is filled with an insulating filler so as to fill gaps between the capacitor Sa, the iron core Sb, and the coil portion Sc. This prevents backlash of parts such as the capacitor Sa, the iron core Sb, the coil part Sc, and the displacement of each part (see FIG. 1).

  The collection chamber 20 has a base material layer 20a formed of a flexible synthetic resin film or sheet, and a chemical resistance (or chemical resistance) formed on the entire inner surface of the base material layer 20a that covers the ballast S. The aluminum layer 20b is formed so as to be able to be deformed into a size and a shape capable of enclosing the whole or a part of the ballast S (see FIG. 1 and the enlarged view of the part a).

  In other words, the present invention is not limited to the purpose of accommodating the ballast S having a specific size or shape, but can accommodate various ballasts S having different sizes or shapes, or can accommodate a plurality of ballasts S simultaneously. Can be used for inspection work. For example, it can be manufactured relatively inexpensively as an on-site type facility and can be reduced in size, rather than being housed in a collection chamber or the like surrounded by a wall.

In a desired portion (left side in FIG. 1) of the collection chamber 20, an opening 21 that can be opened to a size and shape that allows the ballast S to be taken in and out and can be hermetically sealed is provided.
Further, one end of an air intake passage 22 that supplies air A in the atmosphere toward the inside of the sampling chamber 20 via a hot air supply device 30 to be described later on one side upper part (upper left in FIG. 1) of the sampling chamber 20. The side is connected in communication. The other end side of the air intake path 22 is connected to the atmosphere side via an air filtration device (not shown) (see FIG. 1).

  The air intake passage 22 draws air A in the atmosphere into the air intake passage 22 through an air filtration device (not shown) by negative pressure generated by a blower 32 described later, and supplies the air A into the collection chamber 20. .

  The other upper side (upper right in FIG. 1) of the collection chamber 20 communicates with one end side of an air exhaust path 23 for exhausting air A in the collection chamber 20 toward the outside via a harmful substance capturing device 40 described later. Connected. The other end side of the air exhaust path 23 is connected to the atmosphere side via an air filtration device (not shown).

  The air exhaust path 23 guides air A or AP in the collection chamber 20 toward the atmosphere side (exhaust side) through a harmful substance capturing device 40 described later by a positive pressure generated by a blower 32 described later, The collection chamber 20 is exhausted toward the chamber.

Here, the air filtration device connected to the other end of the air exhaust path 23 filters the air A discharged from the collection chamber 20 into the air exhaust path 23 into a clean state and releases it into the atmosphere.
Even if a trace amount of harmful substance P remains in the air A that has passed through the harmful substance capturing device 40, the harmful substance P is removed because it is reliably removed from the air A when passing through the air filtration device. Clean air A can be released into the atmosphere.

  The hot air supply device 30 collects the air heating heater 31 that heats the air A sucked from the air intake passage 22 to a temperature at which the harmful substance P vaporizes, and the air AH (hot air) heated by the air heating heater 31. It is comprised with the air blower 32 which ventilates toward the inside of the chamber 20 (refer FIG. 1).

The blower 32 heats the air A filtered into a clean state taken in from the air intake passage 22 to a temperature at which the harmful substance P is vaporized by the air heater 31 and blows the air A toward the inside of the collection chamber 20.
As a result, the pressure in the collection chamber 20 is increased by the air AH, and the entire collection chamber 20 is expanded to a size and shape that allows the disassembly operation of the ballast S to be easily performed in the collection chamber 20. Maintain that state.

  The harmful substance capturing device 40 adsorbs the harmful substance P contained in the air AP by allowing only the air A to pass through the cylindrical adsorption column 41 formed of glass or plastic having solvent resistance and heat resistance. A harmful substance adsorbent 42 packed in the adsorption column 41 and a column heater 43 that heats the harmful substance adsorbent 42 to a temperature at which moisture contained in the harmful substance P evaporates (FIG. 1). reference).

  The upper side of the other side of the collection chamber 20 is connected to the air intake side of the adsorption column 41 through the air exhaust path 23. The air exhaust side of the adsorption column 41 is connected to the atmosphere side via the air exhaust path 23.

  The harmful substance adsorbent 42 packed in the adsorption column 41 is made of activated alumina, but is not limited to activated alumina. For example, basic alumina, neutral alumina, acidic alumina, etc. Also good.

The column heater 43 is composed of a cartridge-type PTC heater having a self-temperature control function that does not rise above a preset heat generation temperature.
That is, the harmful substance adsorbent 42 filled in the adsorption column 41 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the column heater 43, and the temperature at which the moisture in the harmful substance P evaporates (for example, included in the range of 110 ° C to 120 ° C). Temperature).

The harmful substance concentration measuring device 50 is constituted by an analyzer using, for example, gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC / MS method), gas chromatograph electron capture detection method (GC / ECD method), or the like.
The hazardous substance concentration determination unit 60 is configured by a program stored in the CPU of the harmful substance concentration measuring apparatus 50 (see FIG. 1).

A harmful substance collecting method for measuring the concentration of the harmful substance P leaked from the ballast S using the hazardous substance collecting apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described.
The hazardous substance collecting method using the hazardous substance collecting device 10 includes a housing step a in which the ballast S in which the harmful substance P is sealed is housed in a flexible bag-shaped collection chamber 20, and the harmful substance P is vaporized. The air AH heated to the temperature to be supplied is supplied into the collection chamber 20 by the hot air supply device 30, and the harmful substance vaporization step b for vaporizing the harmful substance P leaked from the ballast S, and the vaporized harmful contained in the air AP A harmful substance capturing step c for capturing the substance P with the harmful substance capturing device 40; a concentration measuring step d for measuring the concentration of the harmful substance P captured by the harmful substance capturing device 40 with the harmful substance concentration measuring device 50; The harmful substance concentration determination unit 60 determines whether or not the measurement value is equal to or greater than the threshold value by comparing the measurement value measured by the concentration measurement device 50 with the threshold value stored in advance in the storage unit (see the dashed line in FIG. 3). A concentration determination step e for determining; , Carried out in this order (see FIG. 1, FIG. 2).

  In advance, the hot air supply device 30 is connected to one side portion of the collection chamber 20 and the harmful substance capturing device 40 is connected to one side portion of the collection chamber 20 in advance. After opening the part 21 and accommodating the ballast S in which the harmful substance P is enclosed in the collection chamber 20, the opening 21 of the collection chamber 20 is sealed in an airtight state (see FIG. 1).

  Next, in the harmful substance vaporization step b, the air blower 32 of the hot air supply device 30 is driven to heat the air A sucked from the air intake passage 22 to a temperature at which the harmful substance P is vaporized by the air heater 31. Then, air AH heated by the air heater 31 is blown into the collection chamber 20, and the inside of the collection chamber 20 and the stabilizer S are heated to a temperature at which the harmful substance P (PCB) is vaporized (see FIG. 1).

  Accordingly, the air AH can be brought into contact with the portion of the ballast S exposed to the outside and the inside of the collection chamber 20, and the temperature in the collection chamber 20 is, for example, in the range of 80 ° C. to 90 ° C. Can be kept at the temperature contained in.

If a harmful substance P leaks from the condenser Sa of the ballast S to the outside of the condenser Sa, even if a small amount leaks, the harmful substance P is heated by the air AH (hot air) supplied into the sampling chamber 20 and vaporization is caused. Promoted.
Further, even if the harmful substance P adheres to the inside of the collection chamber 20 or the iron core Sb, the coil part Sc, and the main body Sd other than the capacitor Sa in the ballast S, the harmful substance P is efficiently vaporized by the air AH. Can do.

  The vaporized harmful substance P is guided into the air exhaust path 23 together with the air AH by the transfer force of the air AH blown from the warm air supply device 30 into the sampling chamber 20 and from the air exhaust path 23. It is supplied into the harmful substance capturing device 40.

  In the harmful substance capturing step c, if the harmful substance P is contained in the air AP supplied to the harmful substance capturing device 40, the air AP passes through the harmful substance adsorbent 42 packed in the adsorption column 41. Since the harmful substance P contained in the air AP is adsorbed by the harmful substance adsorbent 42, the harmful substance P can be reliably captured (see FIG. 1).

Since the adsorption column 41 is heated by the column heater 43 and the temperature in the harmful substance P trapped in the harmful substance adsorbent 42 is maintained at a temperature at which it evaporates, the harmful substance adsorbed on the harmful substance adsorbent 42 is maintained. Drying of P is promoted, and the concentration of harmful substance P can be further increased.
Thereby, the density | concentration of the hazardous | toxic substance P can be accurately measured with a higher precision with the harmful | toxic substance density | concentration measuring apparatus 50 mentioned later.

Since the harmful substance adsorbent 42 in the harmful substance capturing device 40 allows only air A to pass, only the air A from which the harmful substance P has been separated can be released into the atmosphere via an air filtration device (not shown). .
Thereby, it can prevent that the atmosphere and the circumference | surroundings of an apparatus are contaminated with the harmful substance P. FIG.

  If the harmful substance P does not leak to the outside of the capacitor Sa in the ballast S, even if the air AH supplied from the hot air supply device 30 is sent into the collection chamber 20, the harmful substance P is not vaporized. Only the air A passes through the harmful substance adsorbent 42 in the harmful substance capturing apparatus 40, and the air A that has passed therethrough can be released into the atmosphere.

  In the above-described harmful substance vaporization step b and harmful substance capture step c, a process for vaporizing the harmful substance P with heated air AH (warm air) and a process for capturing the harmful substance P contained in the air AP are predetermined. After the time has elapsed, the supply of air AH by the hot air supply device 30 is stopped, and the adsorption column 41 is removed from the harmful substance capturing device 40 (see FIG. 2).

  In the concentration measurement step d, the harmful substance P captured by the harmful substance adsorbent 42 in the adsorption column 41 is eluted and purified, and the concentration (ppm) of the collected harmful substance P is determined as a harmful substance concentration measuring device 50. (See FIG. 2).

  For example, after elution purification using toluene as an organic solvent for instrumental analysis or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for bioassay, the concentration of the toxic substance P after elution and purification is determined as the toxic substance concentration. After the measurement by the measurement device 50, the measurement value is output to the harmful substance concentration measurement device 50 in the concentration determination step e.

  In the concentration determination step e, the measured value measured by the hazardous substance concentration measuring device 50 is compared with a threshold value (for example, 5000 ppm) stored in a storage unit (not shown) by the harmful substance concentration determination unit 60, and the measured value is It is determined whether or not the threshold value is exceeded (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  When the harmful substance concentration determination unit 60 determines that the harmful substance P is equal to or greater than the threshold value, it is recognized that the harmful substance P is leaking outside the capacitor Sa in the ballast S. Therefore, the harmful substance P in the ballast S is enclosed. The entire part including the capacitor Sa, for example, the iron core Sb, the coil part Sc, the main body Sd, the case Sd1, the bottom plate Sd2, and the like and the inside of the collection chamber 20 containing the ballast S are contaminated.

  For this reason, not only the contaminated capacitor Sa in the ballast S but also the iron core Sb, the coil part Sc, the main body Sd, and the inside of the sampling chamber 20 other than the capacitor Sa need to be detoxified.

  If the harmful substance concentration determination unit 60 determines that the harmful substance P is equal to or lower than the threshold value, it is recognized that the harmful substance P does not leak outside the capacitor Sa in the ballast S, and therefore the harmful substance P in the ballast S is enclosed. Other than the capacitor Sa, for example, the iron core Sb, the coil part Sc, the main body Sd, the case Sd1, the bottom plate Sd2, and the like, and the inside of the collection chamber 20 in which the ballast S is accommodated are not contaminated.

  For this reason, the ballast S is disassembled into parts such as a capacitor Sa, an iron core Sb, a coil part Sc, a main body Sd, a case Sd1, a bottom plate Sd2, a filler (not shown), and only the capacitor Sa taken out from the ballast S. Can be detoxified (see FIG. 2).

  As a result, the ballast S accommodated in the collection chamber 20 is disassembled into a capacitor Sa in which the harmful substance P is sealed and other than the capacitor Sa, based on the determination result by the above-described harmful substance concentration determination unit 60. Can do.

  Moreover, the ballast S is disassembled into a capacitor Sa enclosing the harmful substance P and a part other than the capacitor Sa, and the capacitor Sa enclosing the hazardous substance P should be detoxified or removed from the capacitor Sa. It is possible to accurately determine whether the harmful substance P should be detoxified or whether the entire ballast S should be detoxified.

  Furthermore, the harmful substance P leaked from the ballast S, for example, the harmful substance P adhering to the outside of the ballast S or the inside of the collection chamber 20 can be easily and quickly vaporized using the harmful substance collecting apparatus 10 described above. Then, since only the vaporized harmful substance P is captured by the harmful substance capturing device 40, the concentration of the harmful substance P captured by the harmful substance capturing device 40 is transferred to the harmful substance concentration measuring device 50 such as a device or a bioassay. Can be measured on-site.

  Furthermore, the synthesis method is more flexible than the conventional method “Measurement method for waste containing low-concentration PCB” (first edition, February 2013, Ministry of the Environment Minister's Secretariat Waste and Recycling Countermeasures Department). The bag-like collection chamber 20 formed of a resin film or sheet and the cylindrical adsorption column 41 formed of glass or plastic are relatively inexpensive and can be handled easily and quickly. In addition, it has excellent durability against impacts and vibrations, and is not easily damaged, so it can be handled safely.

  Furthermore, since the hazardous substance collecting apparatus 10 can be miniaturized as an on-site facility, there is an advantage that a large number of ballasts S can be inspected at the same time, and the cost required for that is reduced.

  Furthermore, since the entire inner surface of the collection chamber 20 on the side covering the ballast S is covered with the aluminum layer 20b, the airtightness necessary to prevent the leakage of the harmful substance P can be secured, and the ballast It is possible to prevent the harmful substance P leaked from S from coming into direct contact with the base material layer 20a.

  In addition, since the aluminum layer 20b hardly undergoes a chemical change even when it comes into contact with the harmful substance P (PCB), for example, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of holes, corrosion, etc. Can be prevented from leaking outside.

As shown in FIG. 3, the threshold value (for example, 5000 ppm) stored in the harmful substance concentration determination unit 60 described above includes the harmful substance adhesion amount (g) of the harmful substance P adhered to the inside of the ballast S, and the harmful substance. It can be determined from the relational expression with the harmful substance concentration (ppm) obtained by vaporizing the substance P.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the harmful substance adhesion amount (g) of the ballast S and the harmful substance concentration (ppm) of the vaporized harmful substance P.

  Specifically, a solution (for example, 1.000 ppm JIS-1 oil solution) of a harmful substance P (for example, trade name KC-300) is applied to the inside of the ballast S in an amount of 0.1 g to 10 g, and the solution is put into the collection chamber 20. After the housing, air AH (warm air) heated to 90 ° C. supplied from the warm air supply device 30 is blown into the collection chamber 20 at lL per minute for 5 minutes.

  The harmful substance P (PCB) vaporized by the air AH is captured by the harmful substance adsorbent 42 packed in the adsorption column 41 of the harmful substance capturing apparatus 40, and the harmful substance P captured by the harmful substance adsorbent 42 is captured. After elution with toluene, etc., the concentration (ppm) of the harmful substance P was measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC / MS method).

From the above measurement result, for example, 5000 ppm is set as a threshold value (indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 3) as a reference value for determining whether or not the harmful substance P leaks from the capacitor Sa in the ballast S. .
Thereby, the measured value measured by the above-mentioned harmful substance concentration measuring device 50 and a preset threshold value are compared by the harmful substance concentration determination unit 60, and it is determined whether or not the measured value is equal to or greater than the threshold value. be able to.

In the correspondence between the configuration of the present invention and the embodiment,
The inspection object of the present invention corresponds to the ballast S of the embodiment,
Similarly,
The air supply means corresponds to the hot air supply device 30,
The hazardous substance capturing means corresponds to the hazardous substance capturing device 40,
The hazardous substance concentration measuring means corresponds to the hazardous substance concentration measuring device 50,
The hazardous substance concentration determination means corresponds to the hazardous substance concentration determination unit 60,
The metal layer corresponds to the aluminum layer 20b,
The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, but can be applied based on the technical idea shown in the claims, and many embodiments can be obtained.

a ... containment process b ... hazardous substance vaporization process c ... hazardous substance capture process d ... concentration measurement process e ... concentration determination process A, AH, AP ... air S ... ballast Sa ... condenser P ... hazardous substance 10 ... hazardous substance collection device DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Sampling chamber 20a ... Base material layer 20b ... Aluminum layer 22 ... Air intake passage 23 ... Air exhaust passage 30 ... Hot air supply device 31 ... Air heater 32 ... Blower 40 ... Toxic substance capture device 41 ... Adsorption column 42 ... Harmful Substance adsorbent 43 ... column heater 50 ... harmful substance concentration measuring device 60 ... harmful substance concentration determination unit

Claims (10)

A flexible bag-shaped collection chamber that houses a test object enclosing a hazardous substance;
Air supply means connected to one side of the collection chamber and supplying air heated to a temperature at which the harmful substances are vaporized into the collection chamber;
A toxic substance capturing means connected in communication with the other side of the sampling chamber, allowing passage of the air and capturing the toxic substance in the air;
A harmful substance concentration measuring means for measuring the concentration of the harmful substance captured by the harmful substance capturing means;
Hazardous substance collection device comprising: a measured value measured by the hazardous substance concentration measuring means and a preset threshold value, and determining whether or not the measured value is equal to or greater than the threshold value . The collection chamber,
The hazardous substance collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hazardous substance collecting apparatus is configured to have a size and shape capable of enclosing all or a part of the inspection object. The collection chamber,
The hazardous substance collection device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a base layer having flexibility and a chemical-resistant metal layer formed on the entire inner surface of the base layer on the side covering the inspection object. The air supply means;
An air heater for heating the air to a temperature at which the harmful substance vaporizes;
The hazardous substance collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the harmful substance collection device includes a blower that supplies air heated to a predetermined temperature by the heater to the collection chamber. The harmful substance capturing means,
An adsorption column filled with a harmful substance adsorbent that allows passage of the air and adsorbs the harmful substances contained in the air;
The harmful substance according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the harmful substance adsorbent packed in the adsorption column is configured with a column heater that heats the moisture in the harmful substance to a temperature at which the moisture in the harmful substance evaporates. Collection device. A housing step for housing the inspection object in which the harmful substance is sealed in a flexible bag-shaped collection chamber;
Supplying air heated to a temperature at which the harmful substance vaporizes into the collection chamber by an air supply means, and vaporizing the harmful substance leaked from the inspection object,
A harmful substance capturing step of capturing the vaporized harmful substance contained in the air with a harmful substance capturing means;
A concentration measuring step of measuring the concentration of the harmful substance captured by the harmful substance capturing means with a harmful substance concentration measuring means;
A concentration determination step in which the measurement value measured by the hazardous substance concentration measurement means is compared with a preset threshold value, and the concentration determination step for determining whether or not the measurement value is equal to or greater than the threshold value is performed in this order. Harmful substance collection method characterized by being performed in The collection chamber,
The hazardous substance collecting method according to claim 6, wherein the hazardous substance collecting method is configured to have a size and shape capable of enclosing all or a part of the inspection object. The collection chamber,
8. A corrosion-resistant metal harmful substance composed of a flexible base material layer and a chemical-resistant metal layer formed on the entire inner surface of the base material layer that covers the object to be inspected. Harmful substance collection method described in 1. The air supply means;
An air heater for heating the air to a temperature at which the harmful substance vaporizes;
The harmful substance collecting method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the harmful substance collecting method comprises a blower for supplying air heated to a predetermined temperature by the heater into the collection chamber. The harmful substance capturing means,
An adsorption column filled with a harmful substance adsorbent that allows passage of the air and adsorbs the harmful substances contained in the air;
The hazardous substance according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the harmful substance adsorbent packed in the adsorption column is composed of a column heater for heating to a temperature at which water in the harmful substance evaporates and vaporizes. Collection method.

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