JP6423622B2 - Earth and sand seal device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield excavator that excavates a tunnel in the ground, and more particularly, to a sediment seal device that is provided between a cutter head and a main body and prevents intrusion of muddy water and excavated soil from the face side.

  Conventionally, multiple stages of earth and sand seals have been provided, and lubricating oil is supplied and filled in the seal chamber formed between the adjacent earth and sand seals in the front and rear, so that muddy water and excavated earth and sand can enter from the face side to the main body side. An earth and sand seal device for a shield machine to prevent is known. If mud water or excavation soil is allowed to enter the main body side, it will cause a serious obstacle that damages the drive mechanism such as the bearing portion and the drive gear. In view of this, a technique for detecting damage to the earth and sand seal by monitoring the hydraulic pressure in a pipe that supplies lubricating oil to the seal chamber has been proposed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-294698

  However, in the prior art, the intrusion of muddy water or excavated sediment into the seal chamber is indirectly detected by the hydraulic pressure in the pipe that supplies the lubricant to the seal chamber. Therefore, when an abnormality is detected due to the oil pressure in the pipe supplying the lubricating oil to the seal chamber, the seal chamber is already clogged with excavated earth and sand, and it is too late to take countermeasures. there were.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation. By eliminating the above-described problems and directly monitoring the mixing of impurities into the lubricating oil, the intrusion of muddy water and excavated soil into the seal chamber can be performed at an early stage. It is an object of the present invention to provide an earth and sand sealing device that can detect the above.

The earth and sand seal device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of stages of earth and sand seals, and supplies and fills a seal chamber formed between the adjacent earth and sand seals before and after the mud water and excavated earth and sand from the face side. An earth and sand sealing device for a shield machine that prevents the intrusion of a seal, and detects an impurity mixed in the lubricating oil extracted by the extracting pipe and extracting the lubricating oil from the sealing chamber. The contamination detection means comprises an imaging means for imaging the lubricating oil extracted by the extraction pipe, and the imaging data captured by the imaging means is analyzed and mixed into the lubricating oil. and and a image analyzing means for detecting the soil particles, the sampling the lubricating oil drawn off by the pipe is controlled by the pressure in the sampling pipe Characterized in that it is discharged through a force control valve.
Et al is, the soil sealing apparatus of the present invention, the lubricating oil drawn off by the withdrawal pipe includes a stage apparatus to spread the pair of transparent plates, wherein the imaging means comprises a pair through one of said transmissive plate The lubricating oil spread between the transmission plates may be imaged.
Furthermore, the earth and sand sealing device of the present invention may include a backlight that allows light to enter the other transmission plate.
Furthermore, in the earth and sand seal device of the present invention, the contamination detection means detects a filter device interposed in the extraction pipe that has passed through the imaging means, and a hydraulic pressure of the lubricating oil before passing through the filter device. Comparing the pressure detected by the pre-passage pressure gauge, the post-passage pressure gauge that detects the hydraulic pressure of the lubricating oil after passing through the filter device, and the pre-passage pressure gauge and the post-passage pressure gauge. And a hydraulic pressure comparison means for detecting contamination of impurities in the lubricating oil.

  According to the present invention, since intrusion of muddy water and excavated soil into the seal chamber can be detected at an early stage by directly monitoring the mixing of impurities into the seal chamber. It is possible to prevent falling damage and to play an important role in long-distance and high-speed construction in the future.

It is a sectional side view showing the composition of the embodiment of the shield excavator provided with the earth and sand seal device concerning the present invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the structure of the earth-and-sand sealing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the structure of the earth-and-sand sealing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the earth-and-sand seal monitoring system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the stage apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. It is a sectional side view which shows the other piping example of the oil extraction pipe | tube and spare oil supply piping shown in FIG.

Next, modes for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as “embodiments”) will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
In the shield machine 10 of this embodiment, referring to FIG. 1, a front barrel portion 11 and a rear barrel portion 12 having a cylindrical shape with substantially the same diameter are connected to each other by a connecting shaft (not shown) so as to be bent right and left. At the front part of the front body part 11, a rotating ring 13 is rotatably supported by a fixed part 11b fixed to the front body part 11 via a bearing part 11a such as a bearing. The rotating ring 13 is connected to a cutter head 15 via a connecting beam 14.

  The cutter head 15 has a plurality of cutter spokes 16 arranged radially from the center, and a fishtail cutter 17 is attached to the center. A plurality of cutter bits 18 are attached to both sides of the cutter pork 16 along the longitudinal direction thereof.

  A plurality of cutter turning motors 19 are mounted on the front body portion 11, and the drive gears 20 of the respective cutter turning motors 19 are respectively engaged with ring gears 21 fixed to the rear portion of the rotating ring 13. Thus, when the cutter turning motor 19 is driven to drive the drive gear 20 to rotate, the cutter head 15 can be rotated via the ring gear 21, the rotating ring 13, and the connecting beam 14.

  The front body 11 is provided with a bulkhead 22 positioned behind the cutter head 15, and a chamber 23 for filling excavated earth and sand is formed between the cutter head 15 and the bulkhead 22. The excavated earth and sand filled in the chamber 23 is carried out to the rear side by the screw conveyor 24 through the front trunk portion 11 and the rear trunk portion 12.

  Referring to FIG. 2, an earth and sand seal device 40 is provided between the rotating ring 13 and the fixed portion 11b to protect muddy water and excavated earth and sand from entering. The earth and sand seal device 40 is provided on each of the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the rotating ring 13. Referring to FIG. 3, the earth and sand seal device 40 intrudes muddy water and excavated earth and sand in four stages: a first earth and sand seal 41, a second earth and sand seal 42, a third earth and sand seal 43, and a fourth earth and sand seal 44. It is configured to protect. The 1st earth and sand seal 41, the 2nd earth and sand seal 42, the 3rd earth and sand seal 43, and the 4th earth and sand seal 44 are arrange | positioned at the rotation ring 13 side, and the seal lip of each earth and sand seal has fixed part 11b. Respectively. The first earth and sand seal 41 is arranged at the foremost stage on the chamber 23 side, and intrusion of muddy water and excavated earth and sand is performed in the order of the first earth and sand seal 41, the second earth and sand seal 42, the third earth and sand seal 43, and the fourth earth and sand seal 44. It is configured to protect. In addition, on the rear side of the fourth earth and sand seal 44, a bearing portion 11a supported by the rotary ring 13, a drive gear 20 of the cutter turning motor 19, and a ring gear 21 are arranged.

  The space between the first earth and sand seal 41 and the second earth and sand seal 42, that is, the space surrounded by the first earth and sand seal 41, the second earth and sand seal 42, the rotating ring 13 and the fixed portion 11b is filled with lubricating oil such as grease. It functions as the 1st seal | sticker chamber 51 to be performed. Similarly, the space between the second earth and sand seal 42 and the third earth and sand seal 43, that is, the space surrounded by the second earth and sand seal 42, the third earth and sand seal 43, the rotating ring 13, and the fixed portion 11b is lubricated with grease or the like. It functions as a second seal chamber 52 filled with oil, and is between the third earth and sand seal 43 and the fourth earth and sand seal 44, that is, the third earth and sand seal 43, the fourth earth and sand seal 44, the rotating ring 13 and the fixed portion 11b. The space surrounded by 機能 functions as a third seal chamber 53 filled with lubricating oil such as grease. Referring to FIG. 2, oil supply piping 45 is connected to the first seal chamber 51, the second seal chamber 52, and the third seal chamber 53, respectively. Lubricating oil is sent to the first seal chamber 51, the second seal chamber 52, and the third seal chamber 53 via the distribution valve 47 and the oil supply pipe 45 by driving of the hydraulic pump 46, and the first seal chamber 51, the second seal chamber 53, and the second seal chamber 51. Each of the seal chamber 52 and the third seal chamber 53 is filled. The oil pressure of the lubricating oil is controlled by the pressure gauge 48 and is always kept higher than the face (natural ground) side (chamber 23). The lubricating oil filled in the first seal chamber 51, the second seal chamber 52, and the third seal chamber 53 is lubricated at the tip of the seal lip of each sediment seal, and lubricates each sediment seal and the fixing portion 11b. In addition, it prevents muddy water and excavated soil from entering.

  The earth and sand seal device 40 of this embodiment includes an earth and sand seal monitoring system 60 that monitors contaminants (such as earth and sand) in the first seal chamber 51. Referring to FIG. 4, the earth and sand seal monitoring system 60 includes an oil draining pipe 61, a first detection unit 62, a second detection unit 63, and an information processing device 64.

  The oil draining pipe 61 is connected to the first seal chamber 51 as shown in FIG. A first detection unit 62 and a second detection unit 63 are interposed in the oil draining pipe 61. The lubricating oil extracted by the oil draining pipe 61 passes through the first detection unit 62 and the second detection unit 63 in order, and is discharged through the electromagnetic pressure control valve 65 controlled by the pressure gauge 66. The electromagnetic pressure control valve 65 is opened when a first hydraulic pressure that is equal to or slightly lower than the internal pressure of the first seal chamber 51 is detected by the pressure gauge 66, and is a second hydraulic pressure that is lower than the first hydraulic pressure. Controlled to close. Accordingly, the lubricating oil can be extracted from the first seal chamber 51, and setting the first hydraulic pressure and the second hydraulic pressure appropriately can control the amount of the lubricating oil extracted from the first seal chamber 51. it can.

  The first detection unit 62 is an imaging device that images the lubricating oil flowing through the oil draining pipe 61. As shown in FIG. 4, the first detecting unit 62 includes a stage device 621 that thinly spreads the lubricating oil flowing through the oil draining pipe 61, and a stage device 621. A camera 622 that captures an image of the thinly spread lubricating oil and a backlight 623 such as an LED light are provided. Referring to FIG. 5, the stage device 621 is configured such that the lubricating oil flows between a pair of transmission plates 621 a that are arranged to face each other at a predetermined interval. Fig.5 (a) is a front view, (b) is AA sectional drawing shown to (a). The interval between the pair of transmission plates 621a is set to a value smaller than the radius of the oil extraction pipe 61, and the lubricating oil is spread thinly between the pair of transmission plates 621a. The transmission plate 621a is a member such as a transparent acrylic plate that transmits light. The camera 622 is disposed to face the one transmission plate 621a, and the lubricating oil flowing between the pair of transmission plates 621a is imaged through the one transmission plate 621a. By imaging the lubricating oil thinly spread by the stage device 621 with the camera 622, it is possible to easily focus on impurities (soil particles) mixed in the lubricating oil. A backlight 623 is disposed opposite to the other transmission plate 621a, and light emitted from the backlight 623 is incident on the other transmission plate 621a. Thereby, the impurities (soil particles) mixed in the lubricating oil are imaged as shadows by the camera 622, and the detection rate of the mixed impurities (soil particles) can be improved. In addition, the gate valves 624 and 625 provided before and after the stage device 621 are provided for cleaning and replacement in the stage device 621, and are normally open. Further, in the stage device 621, the distance between the pair of transmission plates 621a can be adjusted by the spacer 621b.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the second detection unit 63 includes a filter device 631, a pre-passage pressure gauge 632 that detects the oil pressure of the lubricating oil flowing through the oil drain pipe 61 in front of the filter device 631, and after passing through the filter device 631. And a post-passage pressure gauge 633 that detects the oil pressure of the lubricating oil flowing through the oil draining pipe 61. Referring to FIG. 6, the filter device 631 includes a cylindrical portion 631a having a diameter larger than that of the oil draining pipe 61 and a filter 631b disposed so as to block the hollow portion of the cylindrical portion 631a. The mesh of the filter 631b is set to a value that allows the lubricating oil to pass therethrough and prevents the soil particles mixed in the lubricating oil from passing therethrough. Accordingly, when soil particles are mixed in the lubricating oil, since the soil particles accumulate on the filter 631b, the hydraulic pressure detected by the pre-passage pressure gauge 632 increases and the post-passage pressure gauge 633 detects the oil pressure. The hydraulic pressure is reduced. The partition valve 634 interposed in front of the filter device 631, the bypass pipe 635 that bypasses the filter device 631, and the partition valve 636 interposed in the bypass pipe 635 are the filter device 631 (filter 631b). It is provided for cleaning and replacement. Normally, the gate valve 634 is opened and the gate valve 636 is closed.

  The information processing apparatus 64 is a microcomputer that operates under program control, and includes an image analysis unit 641, a hydraulic pressure comparison unit 642, and a notification unit 643. The image analysis unit 641 analyzes the image data captured by the camera 622 to detect the mixing of impurities (soil particles) into the lubricating oil. The lubricating oil flowing through the stage device 621 is directly imaged by the camera 622, and the image analysis unit 641 can detect contamination of impurities (soil particles) in units of particles.

  The hydraulic pressure comparison unit 642 compares the hydraulic pressure detected by the pre-passage pressure gauge 632 and the post-passage pressure gauge 633, and the hydraulic pressure detected by the pre-passage pressure gauge 632 and the hydraulic pressure detected by the post-passage pressure gauge 633. When the difference between the values becomes equal to or greater than a preset threshold value, contamination of the lubricant (earth particles) is detected. If impurities (soil particles) do not accumulate to some extent on the filter 631b, there is no clear difference in the oil pressure between the pre-passage pressure gauge 632 and the post-passage pressure gauge 633. The time until detection is longer than that of the image analysis unit 641. However, by using a filter 631b having a mesh smaller than the particle size of impurities (soil particles) that can be detected by the image analysis unit 641, contamination of impurities (soil particles) that are not detected by the image analysis unit 641 can be detected. The first detection unit 62 and the image analysis unit 641 and the second detection unit 63 and the hydraulic pressure comparison unit 642 are in a complementary relationship.

  The notification unit 643 includes a display unit such as a liquid crystal display and a sound output unit such as a buzzer. When the image analysis unit 641 or the hydraulic pressure comparison unit 642 detects that impurities (soil particles) are mixed in the lubricating oil, The operator is notified of the contamination of the soil particles in the lubricating oil by display and audio output. The imaging data captured by the camera 622 may be displayed by the display means. In this case, the operator can easily verify the detection result by the image analysis unit 641.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the shield machine 10 of the present embodiment is provided with a preliminary hydraulic pump 70, and the first seal chamber 51 is provided with a check valve 72 and a partition valve 73. A reserve oil supply pipe 71 connected to the reserve hydraulic pump 70 is connected. Normally, the gate valve 73 is in a closed state. When the image analysis unit 641 or the hydraulic pressure comparison unit 642 detects that impurities (soil particles) are mixed, the partition valve 73 is opened and the auxiliary hydraulic pump 70 is driven to supply the lubricating oil to the first seal chamber 51. To do. As a result, a large amount of lubricating oil is supplied to the first seal chamber 51, and impurities (soil particles) mixed in the first seal chamber 51 are extruded and washed to the face side (chamber 23) to achieve early recovery. Can do.

  In the present embodiment, the oil drain pipe 61 is connected to the first seal chamber 51, and the earth and sand seal monitoring system 60 detects the contamination of the first seal chamber 51 (soil particles). However, as shown in FIG. 7, an oil draining pipe 61 is also connected to the second seal chamber 52 so that the earth and sand seal monitoring system 60 can detect contamination of impurities (soil particles) into the second seal chamber 52. You may comprise. Even if the auxiliary hydraulic pump 70 is driven and the lubricating oil is supplied to the first seal chamber 51, impurities (soil particles) mixed in the first seal chamber 51 may not be pushed and washed to the face side (chamber 23). . In this case, there is a high possibility that the first earth and sand seal 41 that prevents the impurities (soil particles) from being mixed into the first seal chamber 51 and the contact surface thereof are damaged. Accordingly, it is conceivable to repair or replace the first earth and sand seal 41 and its abutting surface at this point. However, when the second earth and sand seal 42 and after are operating normally, the excavation work of the shield machine 10 is performed. Will not be disturbed. Therefore, the gate valve 49 interposed in the oil draining pipe 61 leading to the first seal chamber 51 is closed, and the gate valve 50 interposed in the oil draining pipe 61 leading to the second seal chamber 52 is opened to monitor the sediment seal. The system 60 detects the entry of impurities (soil particles) into the second seal chamber 52. Thereby, the excavation work of the shield machine 10 can be continued while grasping the situation of the earth and sand seal device 40. Similarly, an oil drain pipe 61 is also connected to the third seal chamber 53 so that the earth and sand seal monitoring system 60 can detect contamination of impurities (soil particles) into the third seal chamber 53. good.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the spare oil supply pipe 71 connected to the spare hydraulic pump 70 is connected to the first seal chamber 51. However, as shown in FIG. You may make it connect the reserve oil supply piping 71 connected with the reserve hydraulic pump 70 through the stop valve 74 and the partition valve 75. FIG. In this case, by supplying a large amount of lubricating oil to the second seal chamber 52, impurities (soil particles) mixed in the second seal chamber 52 are pushed out to the face side (chamber 23) via the first seal chamber 51. Can be washed. Similarly, the auxiliary oil supply pipe 71 connected to the auxiliary hydraulic pump 70 may be connected to the third seal chamber 53.

As described above, the present embodiment includes a plurality of stages of earth and sand seals (first earth and sand seal 41, second earth and sand seal 42, third earth and sand seal 43, and fourth earth and sand seal 44), and are adjacent to each other in the front and rear direction. Lubricating oil and excavated soil from the face side are prevented by supplying lubricating oil to the seal chambers (the first seal chamber 51, the second seal chamber 52, and the third seal chamber 53) formed between them. The earth and sand sealing device 40 of the shield machine 10 includes an extraction pipe 61 for extracting the lubricating oil from the first seal chamber 51 and an impurity (soil particles) mixed in the lubricating oil extracted by the extraction pipe 61. Mixing detection means.
With this configuration, it is possible to detect intrusion of muddy water and excavated soil into the first seal chamber 51 by directly monitoring the mixing of impurities (soil particles) into the lubricating oil. Therefore, it can prevent damage that would cause the moat to stop, and can play a major role in long-distance and high-speed construction in the future.

Further, in the present embodiment, the contamination detection means analyzes the image data captured by the camera 622 and the camera 622 that functions as an imaging means for imaging the lubricating oil extracted by the extraction pipe 61, and is mixed into the lubricating oil. And an image analysis unit 641 for detecting the soil particles.
With this configuration, it is possible to directly monitor the mixing of impurities (soil particles) into the lubricating oil as an image, and to detect the intrusion of muddy water and excavated soil into the first seal chamber 51 in units of particles.

Further, in the present embodiment, a stage device 621 that spreads the lubricating oil extracted by the extraction pipe 61 between the pair of transmission plates 621a is provided, and is expanded between the pair of transmission plates 621a through the one transmission plate 621a by the camera 622. It is comprised so that the obtained lubricating oil may be imaged.
With this configuration, it is possible to easily focus on the impurities (soil particles) mixed in the lubricating oil, and it is possible to reliably detect the contamination of the impurities (soil particles) into the lubricating oil.

Further, in the present embodiment, a backlight 623 that allows light to enter the other transmission plate 621a is provided.
With this configuration, the impurities (soil particles) mixed in the lubricating oil are captured as shadows by the camera 622, and the detection rate of the mixed impurities (soil particles) can be improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the mixing detection means includes a filter device 631 interposed in the extraction pipe 61, a pre-passage pressure gauge 632 that detects the oil pressure of the lubricating oil before passing through the filter device 631, and a filter device 631. By comparing the hydraulic pressure detected by the post-passage pressure gauge 633, the pre-passage pressure gauge 632, and the post-passage pressure gauge 633, which detects the hydraulic pressure of the lubricating oil after passing through And a hydraulic pressure comparison unit 642 for detection.
With this configuration, when the filter 631b having a mesh smaller than the particle size of impurities (soil particles) that can be detected by analysis of imaging data is used, it is possible to detect contamination of impurities (soil particles) that are not detected by analysis of imaging data. it can.

  The present invention has been described above based on the embodiments. This embodiment is an exemplification, and it is understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to combinations of the respective components and the like, and such modifications are within the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Shield machine 11 Front trunk part 12 Rear trunk part 13 Rotating ring 11a Bearing part 11b Fixed part 14 Connection beam 15 Cutter head 16 Cutter pork 17 Fish tail cutter 18 Cutter bit 19 Cutter turning motor 20 Drive gear 21 Ring gear 22 Bulk head 23 chamber 24 screw conveyor 40 earth and sand seal device 41 first earth and sand seal 42 second earth and sand seal 43 third earth and sand seal 44 fourth earth and sand seal 51 first seal chamber 52 second seal chamber 53 third seal chamber 45 oil supply piping 46 hydraulic pressure Pump 47 Distributing valve 48 Pressure gauges 49, 50 Gate valve 60 Sediment seal monitoring system 61 Oil drain pipe 62 First detection part 63 Second detection part 64 Information processing device 65 Electromagnetic pressure control valve 66 Pressure gauge 70 Spare hydraulic pump 71 Spare oil Supply piping 72, 74 Check Valves 73 and 75 Gate valve 621 Stage device 621a Transmission plate 621b Spacer 622 Camera 623 Backlight 624 and 625 Gate valve 631 Filter device 631a Cylindrical portion 631b Filter 632 Pressure meter 633 before passing Pressure gauge 634 Gate valve 635 Bypass piping 636 Partition Valve 641 Image analysis unit 642 Hydraulic pressure comparison unit 643 Notification unit

Claims (5)

A shield machine that has a multi-stage earth and sand seal and prevents the intrusion of muddy water and excavated earth and sand from the face side by supplying lubricating oil to the seal chamber formed between the adjacent sand seals in the front and rear. The earth and sand sealing device of
Extraction piping for extracting and discharging the lubricating oil from the seal chamber;
Mixing detection means for detecting impurities mixed in the lubricating oil extracted by the extraction pipe;
The contamination detection means, an imaging means for imaging the lubricating oil extracted by the extraction pipe,
Image analysis means for analyzing the imaging data imaged by the imaging means and detecting soil particles mixed in the lubricating oil ,
The earth and sand sealing device , wherein the lubricating oil extracted by the extraction pipe is discharged through a pressure control valve controlled by a pressure in the extraction pipe . Comprising a stage device for spreading the lubricating oil extracted by the extraction piping between a pair of transmission plates;
It said imaging means, one of the transmitting plate soil sealing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the imaging the lubricant oil spread on a pair of transparent plates through.   The earth and sand sealing device according to claim 2, further comprising a backlight that makes light incident on the other transmission plate. The contamination detection means includes a filter device interposed in the extraction pipe via the imaging means,
A pre-passage pressure gauge that detects the oil pressure of the lubricating oil before passing through the filter device;
A post-passage pressure gauge that detects the oil pressure of the lubricating oil after passing through the filter device;
1 through claim, characterized in that it comprises a hydraulic comparing means for detecting the entry of impurities into the lubricating oil by comparing the pressure detected respectively by the pass before the pressure gauge and the passage after the pressure gauge The earth and sand sealing device according to any one of 3 above. A shield machine comprising the earth and sand seal device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .

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