JP4520940B2 - Mud type excavator blockage release device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a device for releasing clogging of mud drainage means configured in a muddy water excavator.

In the shield method and the propulsion method, there is a muddy water type in which muddy water having a high specific gravity and high viscosity is sent to the face and the ground is cut in a state in which the face is kept stable by the muddy water pressure.
The excavated earth and sand generated in such a shield method or propulsion method is taken into the chamber of the excavator and then mixed with muddy water to be discharged out of the mine through a mud pipe in a liquid state.

  However, if the excavated sediment contains relatively large shaped gravel or clumps (hereinafter simply referred to as “large gravel”), such gravel is taken into the mud pipe (sludge means). Could not be carried out of the mine. Conventionally, when boulders or the like enter the chamber in this way, a method has been adopted in which an operator enters the chamber and removes it. In this case, it is necessary to once release the muddy water pressure in the chamber, and in addition to the muddy water pressure, an auxiliary method such as chemical injection for the purpose of holding the working face is required. The construction cost was expensive.

For this reason, Patent Document 1 discloses a shield capable of discharging huge gravel and the like that have entered the chamber while maintaining the pressure in the chamber even when large gravel and the like enter the chamber. As the excavator, as shown in FIG. 7, there is disclosed a shield excavator 101 in which a stone box 111 is provided in the chamber 112 of the shield excavator 101 to store gravel etc. larger than the discharge port 114 of the drainage pipe 113. Has been. An opening / closing door (not shown) is formed on the wellhead side of the stone box 111. By removing the gravel stored in the stone box from the opening / closing door, the gravel and the like are removed while maintaining the pressure. Is possible.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-328679 ([0013]-[0036], FIGS. 1 to 3)

However, the shape of the gravel contained in the excavated earth and sand is often different depending on its orientation, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape or an oval shape, and even once inserted through the discharge port 114 and into the mud pipe 113, In some cases, the direction of the mud pipe 113 is changed to block the mud pipe 113.
On the other hand, the shield machine 101 described in Patent Document 1 is able to collect the gravel in the chamber 112 that cannot enter the discharge port 114 of the mud pipe 113, but once the mud pipe 113 is collected. In the case where the gravels or the like that have entered are clogged in the mud pipe 113, there is a problem that there is no corresponding means other than removing the connecting part of the mud pipe 113.

  In such a conventional mud type excavator (shielded excavator 101), if the location where the mud pipe 113 is blocked by gravels or the like is on the pit side E with respect to the mud valve 115 as the closing means, the mud By closing the valve 115, it is possible to perform removal work such as gravels while maintaining the muddy water pressure, and the construction period and construction cost are not greatly affected. However, when the closed portion is between the discharge port 114 of the mud pipe 113 and the mud valve 115, it is necessary to release the mud water pressure once for removing the gravel and the like. There arises a problem that an auxiliary construction method is required for maintaining the stability of the face.

  Here, the propulsion method is a method of constructing a tunnel by press-fitting a cylindrical propelling box, which is a tunnel lining, into the ground sequentially from a wellhead. In addition, a blade edge, an excavation machine, etc. are attached to the front-end | tip of a propulsion box. The propulsion method excavator may be one that digs itself by taking a reaction force on the propulsion box (that is, one that is equipped with a propulsion jack), or the thrust of the main jack transmitted through the propulsion box You may dig by. On the other hand, the shield method is a method of excavating a natural ground with an excavator installed at a tunnel face and assembling a segment to be a tunnel lining inside the excavator to construct a tunnel. In addition, a shield machine will dig itself by taking a reaction force to the segment assembled in the inside.

  From such a point of view, the present invention is to provide a blockage releasing device for a mud excavator that can release the blockage of the mud draining means easily and inexpensively without requiring release of the pressure of the face. Let it be an issue.

In order to solve the above problems, the mud excavator clogging release device of the present invention is configured as a mud draining means of the mud excavator, and the mud valve of the mud draining means and the excavated sediment of the chamber A flow path that communicates with the discharge port, and the flow path is an inner tube configured inside an outer tube, the inner tube being divided into a plurality of pieces, and at least one of the The passage area of the inner tube is widened by moving the piece to the outer tube side .

  According to the blockage release device of the mud type excavator, the blockage release means may be affected even if the mud means is blocked by clogging of gravels or the like inside the blockage release means, which may affect tunnel construction. Thus, the flow passage area can be widened, so that a gap is generated between the gravel or the like and the mud discharging means, and the blockage portion can be released. And according to this blockage release means, the gravel can be removed while maintaining the muddy water pressure on the face, so the blockage of the mud pipe can increase the construction period and construction costs. Not preferred.

Further, since structure is simple, manufacturing and handling of the unblocking device is facilitated, which is preferable.

  Further, if the clogging release device of the muddy water type excavator includes a jet pipe provided so as to be able to inject jet water to the excavated sediment accumulated in the outer pipe or the inner pipe, the clogging is released. Even if excavated soil (muddy water) enters the place where the expansion (widening) of the equipment is hindered, it is possible to eliminate the excavated sediment (muddy water) by washing with jet water from the jet pipe. Therefore, it is preferable.

  Further, if the blockage release device of the mud type excavator is provided with a discharge port jack extending in the direction of the discharge port, when the discharge port of the mud pipe is blocked by gravel, the discharge port is blocked by the jack. This is suitable because it is possible to eliminate the clogging.

  According to the clogging release device of the mud type excavator of the present invention, even if the mud pipe may be clogged with a large gravel or a lump contained in the excavated earth and sand, this clogged portion is not required without releasing the pressure of the face. Therefore, it is not necessary to release the pressure of the face and various auxiliary methods associated with the release of the pressure of the face, and it is possible to omit the labor and cost required for this.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
Here, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the muddy water excavator according to the present embodiment. 2A is a front view (A view) of the mud excavator, FIG. 1B is a B cross-sectional view of the mud excavator, and FIG. 2B is a B cross-section of the mud excavator shown in FIG. FIG. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the closure release device according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 3A is a transverse sectional view and FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view. 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating the diameter expansion by the closure release device illustrated in FIG. 3, in which FIG. 4A is a transverse sectional view and FIG. Furthermore, Fig.5 (a) and (b) are longitudinal cross-sectional views which show a discharge port jack.

  The muddy water type excavator 1 according to the present embodiment is an excavator used for shield tunnel construction. As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator main body 10 and the excavator main body 10 are disposed in front of the ground. The cutter head 20 is cut.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator main body 10 includes an outer shell member 11 that covers the outer periphery of the excavator main body 10, and the inside of the excavator main body 10, behind the cutter head 20 (on the side opposite to the face). The chamber 12 that is formed and temporarily stores the excavated sediment generated by cutting by the cutter head 20, the mud feeding means 13 that supplies mud water in the chamber 12 and the face K, and the excavated sediment contained in the chamber 12 And a mud draining means 14 for transporting the slag out of the mine. Further, inside the excavator main body 10, a center shaft 21 of the cutter head 20 and a motor 22 for applying a rotational force to the center shaft 21 are accommodated.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2B, the outer shell member 11 is a member that covers the periphery of the excavator main body 10 by forming a steel plate in a cylindrical shape, and protects internal equipment and members. Thus, the front outer shell 11a and the rear outer shell 11b are divided into two at a substantially intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the excavator main body 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the outer shell member 11 can correspond to a curved line shape via a middle bent jack 15 in a state in which the rear end portion of the rear outer shell 11 b is built in the rear end portion of the front outer shell 11 a. It is connected. Needless to say, the cross-sectional shape of the outer shell member 11 is not limited to a circular shape, and may be appropriately set according to the plan of the underground structure to be constructed, such as a rectangle or an ellipse. In addition, it goes without saying that the number of divisions of the excavator main body 10 is not limited, and may be divided into three or more divisions.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the chamber 12 is a space behind the cutter head 20 and separated by a partition wall 12 a at the tip of the excavator main body 10. In the chamber 12, the excavated earth and sand cut by the cutter head 20 are stored, and the mud and the excavated earth and sand fed through the mud feeding means 13 are mixed. Inside the chamber 12, the excavated sediment mixed with the muddy water is discharged together with the muddy water from the discharge port 14a (see FIG. 2B) to the mud discharging means 14. Here, the capacity of the chamber 12 is not limited and may be set as appropriate.

The mud feeding means 13 is a means for sending mud from the wellhead E to the face K, and is a pipe routed from the outside of the tunnel (wellhead K side). Then, the mud sent by the mud feeding means 13 is fed at a flow rate capable of maintaining a predetermined pressure in the face K and the chamber 12 for the purpose of preventing the face K from collapsing. Further, the mud sent by the mud sending means 13 is mixed with excavated earth and sand in the chamber 12 and then sent to the wellhead E through the mud discharging means 14.
In the present embodiment, a steel pipe is used as the mud feeding means 13, but the material constituting the mud feeding means 13 is not limited and may be appropriately selected from known materials. Moreover, what is necessary is just to set suitably the internal diameter of the steel pipe which comprises the mud sending means 13 according to the flow volume of the muddy water set by the muddy water pressure required for the collapsing prevention of the face K, or the cross-sectional shape of a face.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the mud draining means 14 is a conduit (flow path) for conveying excavated sediment generated by cutting by the cutter head 20 to the wellhead E, and can take in excavated sediment in the chamber 12. A discharge port 14a provided in the exhaust port, a drainage valve 14b disposed at a predetermined distance from the discharge port 14a, and a drainage pipe piped from the drainage valve 14b to a mud storage tank outside the well not shown. 14c, and a clogging release device 30 disposed between the discharge port 14a and the mud discharge valve 14b.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the closing device 30 is a conduit (flow channel) that connects the discharge port 14a and the mud discharge valve 14b, and has a substantially circular shape in cross section. It has a double tube structure including an inner tube 32 and an outer tube 31 having a substantially circular cross-sectional view and disposed so as to surround the inner tube 32.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, flanges 36 are respectively formed at the front and rear ends of the outer pipe 31, and are joined to the partition wall 12a and the exhaust mud valve 14b using bolts and nuts BN. Yes. When installing the closure release device 30, a known water-stopping material (for example, grease or sealant) is interposed between the flange 36 and the partition wall 12a and between the flange 36 and the flange of the valve 14b. Needless to say, leakage of muddy water is prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the inner tube 32 is divided into an upper member (piece) 32 a and a lower member (piece) 32 b at the substantially vertical center of the inner tube 32. The upper member 32a and the lower member 32b are each formed in a substantially semicircular shape when viewed in cross section. At the upper end of the lower member 32b, a flange portion 32c that extends to the left and right and is fixed to the inner surface of the outer tube 31. Is formed.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a closure release jack 33 whose tip is fixed to the upper surface of the upper member 32 a of the inner pipe 32 is provided at the upper part of the outer tube 31 of the closure release device 30. A total of four units are provided, two in the front and rear (in the longitudinal direction of the closure release device 30) and two in the left and right (in the transverse direction of the closure release device 30). Then, the upper member 32a of the inner tube 32 is lifted by the contraction of the closure release jack 33, and moves to the outer tube 31 side, so that the inner cross-sectional area of the inner tube 32 is widened (FIG. 4). (See (a) and (b)). In the present embodiment, a total of four blockage release jacks 33 are arranged in two places on the left and right and two on the left and right. However, for example, only one may be arranged in one row in the front and two places or in the center. The number of installed closure release jacks 33 is not limited.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the occlusion release device 30 penetrates the left and right sides of the outer tube 31 and allows the jet water to be injected into the occlusion release device 30. A jet pipe 34 is provided at a location corresponding to a position directly above the connection location with the inner surface of the outer pipe 31 of the flange portion 32c. The number and shape of the jet pipes 34 are not limited and may be set as appropriate.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the closure release device 30 includes a discharge port jack 35 extending from the lower portion of the closure release device 30 toward the discharge port 14a. Needless to say, the installation location of the discharge port jack 35 is not limited to the lower part of the closing device 30, and may be arranged, for example, at the upper part. Needless to say, the type and the number of the outlet jacks 35 may be set as appropriate.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A, the cutter head 20 has a spoke shape, and a cylindrical center shaft 21 protruding rearward is formed at the center of the rear surface of the cutter head 20. Yes. The center shaft 21 is attached to a motor 22 disposed inside the excavator main body 10, and the cutter head 20 rotates when a rotational force is applied to the center shaft 21 by the power of the motor 22. , Cutting natural ground.
In the present embodiment, the spoke shape is adopted as the cutter head 20, but it is needless to say that the shape of the cutter head 20 is not limited to the spoke shape and may be a face plate shape. Further, although the center support method is adopted as the support method of the cutter head 20, it is needless to say that the intermediate support method or the outer periphery support method may be used, and the support method of the cutter head 20 is not limited. Further, the type, quantity, etc. of the motor 22 used as the power of the cutter head 20 are not limited, and may be set as appropriate according to the type of the cutter head 20, the excavation cross-sectional area, the ground condition, and the like. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the natural ground is cut by the rotation of the cutter head 20, but a cutter head of a type that cuts the natural ground by swinging may be used.

  The mud type excavator 1 according to the present embodiment is mainly composed of bentonite, and mud produced with high specific gravity and high viscosity is cut from the wellhead E through the mud feed means 13 by the pumping force of a mud feed pump (not shown). Cutting is performed by the cutter head 20 while the mud is fed to K and the stability of the face K is maintained. In this embodiment, bentonite mud is used. However, the components of the mud are not limited as long as they have specific gravity and viscosity capable of maintaining the safety of the face K. A known material can be used as appropriate.

  The excavated earth and sand cut by the cutter head 20 is once accommodated in the chamber 12, mixed and agitated with muddy water in the chamber 12, and then pumped in the direction of the wellhead E through the mud draining means 14. . In addition, although the pumping of excavated earth and sand by the mud discharging means 14 is performed by the muddy water pressure applied to the face K, a suction pump may be disposed outside the tunnel pit as necessary.

  The excavated sediment generated by the cutting of the cutter head 20 contains large gravel such as a lump (hereinafter simply referred to as “large gravel R”). When the inside of the mud draining means 14 is closed due to a change in the orientation after entering the mud draining means 14 after the major axis is larger than the inner diameter of the mud draining means 14 (Fig. 3 (a) or (b)), the cutting operation is temporarily stopped, and the boulders and the like R are removed in the following manner.

  When the gravel R or the like closes the mud discharging means 14 in the mud pipe 14c closer to the wellhead E than the mud valve 14b, the mud pressure is maintained at the face K by closing the mud valve 14b. The excavation of the excavated sediment by the mud pipe 14 is stopped. Next, after finding a blockage location by a sounding investigation into the mud discharge tube 14c, the mud discharge tube 14c is once divided in the vicinity of the blockage location, and gravels and the like R are taken out. When the gravel R is taken out, the mud pipe 14c is connected again, the mud valve 14b is opened, and the cutting operation is resumed.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), when the occlusion portion of the gravel etc. R is inside the occlusion release device 30, the occlusion release jack 33 is contracted to remove the gravel etc. R. That is, when the closure releasing jack 33 is contracted, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the upper member 32a is raised, so that a gap is formed between the gravel R and the inner tube 32. Thus, the movement of R such as gravel can be performed. The gravel R and the like are discharged to the outside of the mine via the mud discharging means 14 together with other excavated earth and sand discharged from the chamber 12. Note that the boulders and the like R may be returned into the chamber 12 by causing the muddy water to flow backward in a state where the closure release jack 33 is contracted.

  Here, when the closure release jack 33 is contracted, excavated earth and sand (including gravel and the like) is formed in the gap between the outer pipe 31 and the inner pipe 32 from the gap formed between the upper member 32a and the lower member 32b. In the case of intrusion, jet water is ejected from the jet pipe 34 to eliminate excavated sediment (sand gravel or the like) accumulated in the gap between the outer pipe 31 and the inner pipe 32.

  Further, when the gravel R or the like is clogged at the discharge port 14a as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the large size is obtained by extending the discharge port jack 35 as shown in FIG. 5 (b). Remove R such as gravel.

  Thus, according to the muddy water type excavator 1 according to the present embodiment, the mud draining means 14 includes the clogging release device 30, so that the gravel etc. R passes through the pipeline inside the mud draining means 14. Even if it is blocked, it is possible to remove R such as gravel without releasing the muddy water pressure on the face K. For this reason, it is not necessary to apply an auxiliary construction method for stabilizing the face K along with the release of the muddy water pressure of the face K, and it is excellent in workability, economy and safety.

  In addition, since the closure release device 30 includes the jet pipe 34, the inside of the closure release device 30 can be cleaned without releasing the muddy water pressure of the face K, which is preferable.

  In addition, even when boulders or the like R are clogged at the discharge port 14a from the chamber 12, the discharge port jack 35 can easily open the closed portion without releasing the muddy water pressure, which is preferable. .

  Moreover, since the obstruction | occlusion cancellation | release apparatus 30 is fixed by screwing the flange 36 through a volt | bolt and nut BN, it can be removed, and since it is general-purpose to other muddy water type excavators, muddy water There is no need to manufacture each type of excavator and it is economically superior.

The preferred embodiments according to the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the shield excavator has been described, but it goes without saying that the mud excavator releasing device according to the present invention can also be applied to a propulsion device in the propulsion method.

  In the above embodiment, the occlusion release device 30 has a double tube structure, and both the outer tube 31 and the inner tube 32 are made of a tube material having a substantially circular cross section. However, the configuration of the occlusion release device 30 can be changed as appropriate. Needless to say, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper member 32 a ′ is constituted by a gate-shaped member, and as the upper member 32 a ′ rises, the space between the outer tube 31 ′ and the inner tube 32 ′ is increased. You may comprise so that a muddy water may not enter. Moreover, the obstruction | occlusion releasing apparatus 30 may be comprised with a cross-sectionally rectangular tube material, and the shape of the obstruction | occlusion releasing apparatus 30 is not limited.

  Further, the closure release device shown in the above embodiment is configured to expand the diameter of the inner tube by raising the upper member of the inner tube. For example, the closure release jack is disposed at the lower portion of the closure release device. Thus, the structure in which the lower member descends or the structure in which the inner tube is divided into left and right and the diameter is increased in the lateral direction may be used, and the structure of the closure release device is not limited. The number of divisions of the inner tube is not limited to two divisions, and may be divided into three or more divisions.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the general purpose to other mud type excavators was enabled, it was assumed that the closure release device was detachably installed on the mud type excavator with a bolt and a nut via a flange. The fixing method of the closure release device is not limited, and when it is not necessary to use a general purpose, it may be fixed by, for example, welding or the like, and may be appropriately selected from known means.

  Further, the jet pipe may be installed as necessary, and is not necessarily arranged. Similarly, the discharge jack may be installed as necessary, and is not necessarily arranged.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the mud type excavation machine which concerns on this embodiment. (A) is a front view of the muddy water excavator shown in FIG. 1, and (b) is a B cross-sectional view of the muddy water excavator shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the obstruction | occlusion releasing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. It is a figure which shows the time of diameter expansion by the obstruction | occlusion cancellation | release apparatus shown in FIG. 3, Comprising: (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. (A) And (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a discharge port jack. (A)-(d) is a figure which shows the modification of an obstruction | occlusion cancellation apparatus. It is a longitudinal section showing a conventional excavator.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mud type excavator 10 Excavator main body 12 Chamber 13 Mud feed means 14 Drainage means 14a Discharge port 14b Mud discharge valve 20 Cutter head 30 Closure release device 31 Outer pipe 32 Inner pipe 33 Blockage release jack 34 Jet pipe 35 Drainage jack

Claims (3)

A clogging release device that is configured as a mud draining means of a mud type excavator, and includes a flow path that communicates the mud draining valve of the mud draining means and the exhaust port of the excavated soil in the chamber,
The flow path is an inner tube configured inside an outer tube;
The inner pipe is divided into a plurality of pieces, and the flow area of the inner pipe is widened by moving at least one piece to the outer pipe side. Occlusion release device. For internal to the stored excavated soil of the outer tube or the inner tube, characterized in that it comprises a jet pipe provided to be injection jet water, mud type excavator according to claim 1 Occlusion release device. 3. The muddy water excavator unblocking device according to claim 1, further comprising a discharge port jack extending in the direction of the discharge port. 4.

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