JP6399941B2 - Plate processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plate processing apparatus such as a plate for a chain, in which a punch and a die made of tool steel are mounted on a press die when press forming a plate for a chain of a high strength steel plate having a high tensile strength and hardness. It is about.

  To increase the durability of the chain and the life of the mold by accurately forming the cross-sectional dimensions of the perforated member (for example, chain link for sprockets) with multiple through-holes formed by pressing. There is a processing device that can do this (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2011-11214 A

  In the configuration of the apparatus described above, a thick and hard material, for example, a material having a thickness of 4 mm and a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more and a Vickers hardness of 248 HV or more is pressed. At this time, the target hole size or the length (size) of the shearing surface of the hole cannot be ensured, resulting in a problem that the machine tool is damaged.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. By processing the hardness of the punch, which is a component of the plate processing apparatus, from 720 HV obtained from the experimental results to 800 HV, the tensile strength is increased. When punching holes in high-strength high-strength steel plates with a thickness of 780 MPa or more and a Vickers hardness of 248 HV or more, punching processing with a dimensional tolerance of 0.018 mm or less, processing dimensions, and processing dimensional accuracy of the punching section It aims at providing the plate processing apparatus which can obtain the length of the shearing surface to have. The shear surface refers to a portion where the surface roughness of the processed surface of the material punched by press processing is small and processing dimensional accuracy can be secured. In general, since it has a size of 50% or more with respect to the plate thickness, the length (size) of the shear plane is 2 mm or more in the case of a plate having a plate thickness of 4 mm. Since 1HV (unit: kgf / mm ² ) ≈0.102 (unit: N / mm ² ), 248HV≈25.3 N / mm ² , 720HV≈73.4 N / mm ² , 800HV≈81.6 N / Mm ² (hereinafter the same).

The plate processing apparatus according to the present invention is:
A plate processing apparatus that presses a steel material that is a high-tensile steel plate a plurality of times and forms a plate having a plurality of through holes for inserting a press-fit material,
A positioning mechanism for positioning the steel material at a processing position;
A die that is made of a tool steel having a Vickers hardness larger than that of the steel material and a Vickers hardness of 73.4 to 81.6 N / mm ² that is a component that is used at the same time for punching the steel material. A punch made of an alloy tool steel for a mold ,
A punch plate for holding the punch;
A die plate for holding the die;
A positioning mechanism for positioning the punch plate and the die plate at a position to press the steel material;
The size of the die for punching used for the first press work is set smaller than the size of the die used for the second press work, and the outer diameter of the punch for punching used for the first press work is set to 2 It is set smaller than the outer diameter of the punch used for the second press working, and the hole diameter of the first punching process is set smaller than the hole diameter of the second punching process.

According to this invention, when punching a high-strength steel plate having a hardness of 248 HV or higher by pressing, a small-diameter hole is punched by press forming in advance to the finished hole, and then pressed again in a subsequent process. finish and punching by, 800HV (720,800 punch Vickers hardness from 720HV used for punching of the small diameter hole and finishing the hole is a comparative value of the numerical or general purpose steel represents the Vickers hardness Since it is made of an alloy tool steel having a beneficial effect within the range of 720 to 800), the life of this punch can be secured 6500 times or more, and the tightening margin of a pin to be press-fitted in a subsequent process (0 on the basis of φ17) .006 to 0.015 mm), and high-precision machining (equivalent to H7 due to dimensional tolerance of reamed holes) can be performed. One in which a marked effect not to come.

It is a front view for demonstrating an example of a structure of the plate processing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a front view for demonstrating the plate processing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view of the punch which comprises the plate processing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view of the plate for chains processed with the plate processing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a front view which shows the installation state of the positioning mechanism for demonstrating the plate positioning mechanism of the plate processing apparatus concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the installation state of the plate extraction hole for demonstrating the extraction hole of the plate of the plate processing apparatus concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of a punch life.

  The plate processing apparatus according to the present invention is assumed to be used in, for example, an escalator that is assumed to rotate at a high speed and under a high load. However, it is not necessarily limited to use with an escalator. In other words, the effects of the present invention can be exhibited even when used for applications other than escalators. In addition to the chain application, similar effects can be expected in applications where a large number of holes are formed in the plate. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1-4 is a figure for demonstrating the plate for chain processing manufactured with the plate processing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention, and its processing apparatus.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of a plate processing apparatus. Blank processing is performed by punching an outer shape from a high-strength steel plate for a link plate by press forming, and a small-diameter hole is previously press-formed by press forming. It is a front view explaining the installation state of the member of the mechanism which carries out the piercing process which carries out a punching process.
FIG. 2 shows a mechanism for explaining a shaving process in which a hole punched in FIG. 1 is punched again using a punch and die having a larger outer diameter than that in FIG. 1 to finish the outer diameter of the hole. It is a front view explaining the installation state of a member.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a punch constituting the plate processing apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a view of a plate for explaining a chain plate manufactured by the plate processing apparatus using FIGS. 1 to 3, wherein FIG. 4 (a) is a front view and FIG. 4 (b) is a perspective view. .

  As shown in FIG. 1A, a chain plate machining apparatus (A) 1000 of the plate machining apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a punch 110 for drilling a high-strength steel plate for a link plate, Punch holder 100 for positioning a machine tool and a press machine (not shown), a backing plate 101 for preventing the punch from being buried in the punch holder when drilling, a punch plate 102 for holding the punch, drilling and outer diameter cutting When pressing, a high-strength steel plate for the link plate is pressed to avoid deformation such as warping, and the stripper plate 103 for removing the plate from the punch 110, the die 130 for processing the hole diameter by clearance with the punch, and the die 130 Die plate 120 holding the die, when drilling holes using a press, the die is buried in the die plate Die holder 121 to prevent Rukoto, machine tool (A) an upper 1001 and machine tool (A) guide bushing 140 for securing a coaxial bottom 1002, guide posts 141 are provided.

Among them, the punch 110 is a tool having a Vickers hardness of 720 HV to 800 HV (720 and 800 are numerical values representing the Vickers hardness or a comparison object with general-purpose steel materials and have an advantageous effect within a range of 720 to 800). Made of steel. The die 130 is a tool steel having a Vickers hardness of 697 HV to 772 HV (697, 772 is a numerical value representing Vickers hardness or a comparison object with a general-purpose steel material and has an advantageous effect within the range of 697 to 772). Consists of.
Here, HV is defined as the quotient obtained by pressing a diamond pyramid-shaped indenter against the object to be measured and then dividing the load by the surface area obtained from the diagonal line of the indentation, and the numerical value is Vickers hardness. The symbol is shown. Incidentally, 1HV ^{(Unit: kgf / mm 2) ≒ 0.102} ( unit: N / mm ²⁾ because it is, expressed as ^{720HV ≒ 73.4N / mm 2, 800HV} ≒ 81.6N / mm 2.

Prior to forming link plates that are continuous in a chain on both sides of the chain, the steel material generally called high-strength steel plate has a tensile strength as high as 780 MPa compared to S45C (carbon steel for machine structural use) and has a Vickers hardness of A thick material such as 4 mm, which is hard and 248 HV (≈25.3 N / mm ^2, hereinafter the same), is slit in advance to a plate width of about 30 mm. Further, a machine tool (A) 1000 composed of a machine tool (A) upper part 1001 and a machine tool (A) lower part 1002 is attached to a press machine (not shown) with a punch holder 100 and a die holder 121. Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, the link plate high-tensile steel plate 150 is set on the die plate 120. Subsequently, the machine tool (A) upper part 1001 shown in FIG. 1A is lowered by a not-shown pressing machine, and a plurality of holes having the same diameter are pressed in the high-strength steel plate 150 for link plates.

  Next, the machine tool 2000 (B) that finishes the hole of the formed link plate will be described. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the machine tool (B) 2000 includes a punch holder 200 for holding a punch 210 for finishing a hole in a plate processed in the previous process by press processing again. Backing plate 201 that prevents the material from being buried in the punch holder, punch plate 202 that positions the machine device and a press machine (not shown), and when the plate is drilled using the press machine, the plate material is pressed and warping is deformed. The stripper plate 203 necessary for removing the plate from the punch 210, the die 230 for processing the target hole diameter by the clearance with the punch, the die plate 220 for holding the die 230, Die holder 221 for preventing the material from being buried in the die plate, machine tool (B) upper part 2001 Machine tool (B) the guide bush 240 and the guide post 241 for securing the coaxial bottom 2002, is provided.

  The punch 210 is made of a tool steel having a Vickers hardness of 720 HV to 800 HV (720, 800 is a numerical value representing Vickers hardness or a comparison object with a general-purpose steel material and has an advantageous effect within a range of 720 to 800). did. The die 230 is a tool steel having a Vickers hardness of 697 HV to 772 HV (697, 772 is a numerical value representing Vickers hardness or a comparison object with a general-purpose steel material and has an advantageous effect within the range of 697 to 772). Consists of.

  Similarly, prior to forming the link plate, a machine tool (B) 2000 composed of a machine tool (B) upper part 2001 and a machine tool (B) lower part 2002 is attached to a press machine (not shown) with a punch holder 200 and a die holder 221. Keep it. Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the link plate high-tensile steel plate is set on the die plate 220. Subsequently, the machine tool (B) 2001 shown in FIG. 2A is pressed by a not-shown press, and a plurality of holes having the same diameter are pressed in the high-strength steel plate 250 for link plates.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the shape of the punch is preferably a columnar shape or a substantially columnar shape having a two-sided width. That is, the punch (A) 310 and the punch (B) 311 are shown. If such a punch is used, this processing apparatus is effective even for a hole having a circular cross section or a two-sided width. In this way, the above-described link plate can be formed.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the plate for explaining the chain plate manufactured by the plate processing apparatus using FIGS. 1 to 3. As shown in FIG. 4, when forming a high-precision through hole of φ17 to φ17.018 mm on a high-tensile steel plate having a thickness of 4 mm and a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more, for example, the pre-finishing shown in FIG. The outer diameter of the punch 110 of the piercing die for punching a small diameter hole by press molding and the hole diameter of the die 130 are φ16.4 mm and φ17.0 mm, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the outer diameter of the punch 210 and the hole of the die 230 of the machining apparatus (B) 2000 that finishes the outer diameter of the hole by punching again using a punch and die having an outer diameter larger than that of FIG. The diameters are set to φ17.0 mm and φ17.06 mm, respectively.

Furthermore, as described above, the punch 110 and the punch 210 have a Vickers hardness of 720 HV to 800 HV (720 and 800 are numerical values representing Vickers hardness or a comparison object with a general-purpose steel material, and have an advantageous effect within the range of 720 to 800. For example, the material of the punch is cemented carbide and the hardness is 1200 HV (≈122 N / mm ² ) or more (1200 is a numerical value representing Vickers hardness or a comparison target, and the range is 1200 or more. Compared to machine tools using punches that have an advantageous effect on the inside), by reducing the hardness of the punch, it is possible to increase the life of the punch without breaking the punch as early as 50 punches. It can be improved to 6500 times or more generally used in.

  It is necessary to press-fit a pin or pipe into the through hole of the link plate formed in this way in a later process and assemble it as a chain. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, a counterpart component that press-fits a 17 mm hole into a press-formed hole in a high-strength steel plate 450 for a link plate having a thickness of 4 mm, a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more, and a Vickers hardness of 248 HV or more. In order to prevent them from rotating at the same time, the holes should be 2.4 mm or more in length and the surface roughness should be Rz 6.3 or less. It was confirmed by experiment. In other words, in order to ensure the machining accuracy of the hole, it is necessary to form with the machining accuracy for the plate (meaning the machining accuracy of surface roughness Rz 6.3 or less over the length of 2.4 mm or more, and so on) by the plate machining apparatus. is there. When molded under these conditions, the machining accuracy (degree of “high accuracy”) of press-formed φ17 to φ17.018 mm through-holes corresponds to the dimensional tolerance H7 of a reamer machined hole of a plate material. The meaning of the surface roughness Rz 6.3 or less means that the value of the surface roughness is a surface roughness that can be secured by reaming, which is generally a finishing process of machining. And this high precision can be ensured in the surface which carried out the shearing surface processing of the plate by press work.

  Carbon steel for mechanical structures such as S45C and alloy tool steel for molds such as SKD11, by heat treatment, uniformly diffuse the carbon present in the material, and have mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength. You can improve.

In general, the hardness of a raw material not subjected to heat treatment is 160 HV in the case of S45C, for example, and is found to be lower than the hardness 248 HV of the high-tensile steel plate to be pressed this time. When punching with a punch that has a hardness lower than that of a high-tensile steel plate with a hardness of less than 248 HV, compared to a high-tensile steel plate with a hardness of 160 HV (≈16.3 N / mm ² ). When the punch comes into contact with the high-tensile steel plate, stress is applied to the punch, and the punch expands and plastically deforms. The punch dimensions change due to plastic deformation of the punch, and it is difficult to obtain a dimensional tolerance of 0 to 0.018 mm for the hole that is desired to be secured after punching, and it is also possible to ensure repeatability, which is an advantage of press working. I can't.

FIG. 7 is a table showing experimental results of punch life that does not break up to a specified number of times. Carbon steel for machine structures, such as S45C, has a hardness of about 382 HV (≈39.0 N / mm ² ) to 446 HV (≈45.5 N / mm ² ) by heat treatment using general quenching and tempering techniques. You can improve. Also, for example, SKD11, which is an alloy tool steel for molds, can be increased in hardness from 720 HV to 800 HV by a general heat treatment. Further, by arbitrarily changing the temperature and time of the heat treatment, the hardness can be reduced from 460 HV (≈46.9 N / mm ² ) to 710 HV (≈72.4 N / mm ² ). That is, no. 3 and no. The prototype sample No. 4 can be created by changing the temperature and time of the heat treatment appropriately.

  When these materials are used as punches, they are both harder than the high-strength steel sheet 248HV, which is press-worked. However, in the case of carbon steel for mechanical structures, the punch life is lower than the alloy tool steel. Is short and the dimensional tolerance of the hole cannot be secured repeatedly.

  The stress applied to the punch when the punch comes into contact with the high-tensile steel plate does not change compared to a punch with hardness that is not heat-treated, but the punch repeatedly expands and contracts each time it is pressed. As a result, the accumulated amount of plastic deformation gradually increases, making it impossible to secure an appropriate clearance set for the punch and die. As a result, punch breakage such as uneven wear of the punch edge, chipping, stripping with the stripper plate, and punching accuracy and punch life are short.

In addition, the powdered high-speed steel such as SKH40 can be increased in hardness from 810 HV (≈82.6 N / mm ² ) to 900 HV (≈91.8 N / mm ² ) by a general heat treatment. The hardness of super steel such as V20 can also be increased to about 1200 HV by heat treatment, but when a high-strength steel plate is pressed as a punch material, the stress remaining in the punch is not released as elastic deformation and accumulates. Breaks after processing 50 times or less.

  Therefore, the punch life of alloy tool steel increased from Vickers hardness 720HV to 800HV, which is the hardness that combines hardness and toughness, can be secured more than 6500 times, and to secure the allowance for the pin to be press-fitted in the subsequent process Necessary punch holes can be processed.

  As described above, according to the plate processing apparatus according to the first embodiment, for example, a high-strength steel plate having a plate thickness of 4 mm, a tensile strength of 780 MPa, and a Vickers hardness of 248 HV has a diameter of 17 to 177.018 mm. The length of the cross section and the surface roughness can be drilled with high accuracy of 2.4 mm or more and Rz 6.3 or less, respectively.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the plate processing apparatus according to the second embodiment, compared to the plate processing apparatus according to the first embodiment, a processing that can suppress the positioning pins when positioning the plate and the molded plate from sticking to the mold with the press lubricant. It is for demonstrating an apparatus. In the second embodiment, the description of the same parts as those in the first embodiment will be omitted, and FIGS.

  FIG. 5 is a front view showing an installation state of the positioning mechanism for explaining the plate positioning mechanism 500 of the chain plate machining apparatus (B) 2000 according to the plate processing apparatus. The machine tool (B) 2000 composed of the machine tool (B) upper part 2001 and the machine tool (B) lower part 2002 described in the first embodiment is attached to a press machine (not shown) with the punch holder 200 and the die holder 221, and a link (not shown) When the plate high-tensile steel plate is set on the die plate 220, a positioning mechanism capable of positioning the plate steel plate is provided. That is, a positioning mechanism 500 is provided on the upper surface of the die holder 221 so as to be in point contact with an I-shaped plate that can be provided with a compression spring mechanism and can press the plate against the positioning pin.

  As described above, the high-strength steel plate for the link plate is slit in advance to have a plate width of, for example, 30 mm. However, variations in the processing dimensions due to the slit processing can be pre-loaded and positioned with respect to the positioning pin 501 by the positioning mechanism 500. The hole pitch of the plate can be processed stably, and the plate can be manufactured with high yield. It goes without saying that this mechanism may be set for the machine tool (A) 1000. Moreover, you may position with the same preload for every process, and may position with a different preload.

  FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing an installation state of a link plate take-out groove 600 for explaining a plate take-out hole of a chain machining apparatus which is an example of a plate processing apparatus. As described above, a blank plate for punching the outer shape of a high-strength steel sheet for link plates, and a plate for a chain in which a small-diameter hole has been punched by press molding in advance for a finished hole, is a lubricant for press (not shown). To stick to the die holder 221.

  As shown in FIG. 6 (b), a plate that has been punched again using a punch and a die and has finished the outer diameter of the hole is also stuck to the stripper plate 203 by a pressing lubricant (not shown). The stripper plate 203 is provided with a plate knockout spring mechanism 601, and the die plate 220 is provided with a link plate take-out groove 600. By these mechanisms, the link plate high-strength steel plate 250 does not stick to the stripper plate 203 for each processing. By using a tool such as a plate take-out bar (not shown) in the take-out groove 600 and scraping it out, the high-tensile steel plate for the link plate can be easily removed, and the work for removing the plate can be improved in a short time. Needless to say, this mechanism may be set for the machine tool (A) 1000.

  As described above, according to the plate processing apparatus of the second embodiment, it is possible to improve the operation of removing the chain plate that sticks to the stripper plate, and to shorten the production tact time.

  In the scope of the present invention, the embodiments can be freely combined, or the embodiments can be appropriately modified and omitted. For example, the case where the number of presses is two has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the press may be divided into three or more times.

100 punch holder, 101 backing plate, 102 punch plate, 103 stripper plate, 110 punch, 120 die plate, 121 die holder, 130 die, 140 guide bush, 141 guide post, 150 high strength steel plate for link plate, 200 punch holder, 201 Backing plate, 202 punch plate, 203 stripper plate, 210 punch, 220 die plate, 221 die holder, 230 die, 240 guide bush, 241 guide post, 250 high strength steel plate for link plate, 310 punch (A), 311 punch (B ), 450 high-tensile steel plate for link plate, 500 positioning mechanism, 501 positioning pin, 600
Link plate take-out groove, 601 plate knockout spring mechanism, 1000 machine tool (A), 1001 machine tool (A) upper part, 1002 machine tool (A) lower part, 2000 machine tool (B), 2001 machine tool (B) upper part , 2002 Machine tool (B) lower part

Claims (5)

A plate processing apparatus that presses a steel material that is a high-tensile steel plate a plurality of times and forms a plate having a plurality of through holes for inserting a press-fit material,
A positioning mechanism for positioning the steel material at a processing position;
A die that is made of a tool steel having a Vickers hardness larger than that of the steel material and a Vickers hardness of 73.4 to 81.6 N / mm ² that is a component that is used at the same time for punching the steel material. A punch made of an alloy tool steel for a mold ,
A punch plate for holding the punch;
A die plate for holding the die;
A positioning mechanism for positioning the punch plate and the die plate at a position to press the steel material;
The size of the die for punching used for the first press work is set smaller than the size of the die used for the second press work, and the outer diameter of the punch for punching used for the first press work is set to 2 A plate processing apparatus, characterized in that it is set smaller than the outer diameter of the punch used for the second press working, and the hole diameter of the first punching process is set smaller than the hole diameter of the second punching process. The steel has a tensile strength of at least 780 MPa, a Vickers hardness of 25.3N / mm ² or more and is the plate thickness is 4mm or more, punching holes in the front Symbol second hole diameter of punching the first The plate processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plate processing apparatus is set to be 3.5% smaller than the diameter. A blanking mechanism for punching out the outer shape of the steel material;
A piercing mechanism that drills a small-diameter hole into the hole that has been previously finished by press molding;
A shaving mechanism that finishes the outer diameter of the hole by piercing again using a punch having a larger outer diameter than the hole that has been pierced;
The plate processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising: The plate processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a mechanism for attaching and removing the steel material at a position where the steel material is processed for each press processing. The plate processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein an outer shape of the punch is a columnar shape or a substantially columnar shape having a partly two-plane width.

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