JP6392733B2 - Solid fuel supply device - Google Patents

Description

 The present invention relates to a solid fuel supply apparatus.

  Patent Documents 1 and 2 are examples of apparatuses that supply solid fuel to a combustion apparatus. The apparatus of Patent Document 1 includes a screw conveyor type fuel transportation means and a supply pipe for guiding the fuel transported by the transportation means to a combustion furnace. The supply pipe is directed obliquely downward from the transport means toward the combustion furnace. The end (lower end) of the supply pipe is connected to the side wall of the combustion furnace. The solid fuel transported to the supply pipe by the transport means falls in the supply pipe according to gravity and enters the combustion furnace from the side wall of the combustion furnace. In the apparatus of Patent Document 2, the terminal end of the screw type supply apparatus is directly connected to the side wall of the incinerator.

JP 2006-194501 A JP 2011-80703 A

  In both Patent Documents 1 and 2, the end of the supply path for supplying solid fuel to the incinerator is set on the side wall of the combustion furnace. Therefore, even if the solid fuel transported to the end of the supply path enters the combustion furnace, it may remain in the vicinity of the inner wall surface in the combustion furnace. On the other hand, for reasons such as appropriately burning the solid fuel, it may be required to send the solid fuel directly further into the inner wall.

  The objective of this invention is providing the solid fuel supply apparatus suitable for sending solid fuel directly into the back from the inner wall face of the combustion chamber of a combustion apparatus.

Solid fuel supply apparatus of the present invention provides the solid fuel into the combustion chamber in the combustion device for burning the solid fuel in a state where the temperature of the combustion chamber formed therein becomes a temperature above the melting solid fuel 1st conveyance which is an apparatus, Comprising: The passage part in which the conveyance path through which solid fuel passes was formed, and the blade | wing part which sends out the said solid fuel along the said conveyance path by rotating in the said conveyance path And a second transport section that transports the solid fuel to the first transport section outside the combustion chamber, and the passage section straddles the inner wall surface of the combustion device that defines the combustion chamber Extending from the outside of the combustion chamber to the combustion chamber, changing the transport amount of the solid fuel per unit time by the second transport unit within a predetermined range, and rotating the rotational speed of the blade portion speed Thus Ri is max amount of the solid fuel that can be transported per the first conveyor unit time is more than the transport amount per unit time corresponding to the upper limit of the predetermined range, and, passages of the first conveyor In such a range as to prevent melting of the solid fuel in the part .

  According to the solid fuel supply device of the present invention, the passage portion of the first transport portion extends from the outside of the combustion chamber to the combustion chamber so as to straddle the inner wall surface that defines the combustion chamber. That is, the end of the passage portion is disposed in the back of the combustion chamber beyond the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber. Therefore, the solid fuel is appropriately transported from the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber by the first transport unit. Further, the transport amount of the solid fuel per unit time in the second transport unit is changed within a predetermined range. For this reason, the amount of fuel supply can be changed according to the strength of combustion in the combustion apparatus. In addition, the change of the conveyance amount in the second conveyance unit may be performed by manually operating a rotary switch or the like, or may be performed by automatic control based on preset control content.

  On the other hand, the present inventor has found that the following problems may occur when the first transport unit is configured as described above. According to the said structure, a part of channel | path part of a 1st conveyance part is arrange | positioned in a combustion chamber. For this reason, when the solid fuel is combusted in the combustion chamber, the portion of the solid fuel disposed in the combustion chamber in the passage portion is more likely to ignite than the solid fuel outside the combustion chamber. Further, for example, when the temperature in the combustion chamber exceeds the melting temperature of the solid fuel, the portion of the solid fuel disposed in the combustion chamber in the passage portion is more easily melted than the solid fuel outside the combustion chamber. When the solid fuel is melted, the solid fuel may remain in the passage portion because the molten solid fuel adheres to the blade portion in the transport passage.

  In order to make it difficult to cause such problems, in the present invention, the amount of solid fuel transported by the second transport unit is changed, while the rotation of the blades in the first transport unit is maintained at a high speed. Specifically, the rotational speed of the blades is a range in which the maximum amount of solid fuel that can be transported per unit time by the first transport unit by the rotational speed is equal to or greater than the upper limit of the transport amount per unit time by the second transport unit. It was decided to keep it. Thereby, since the solid fuel is transported at high speed in the first transport unit regardless of the transport amount of the solid fuel in the second transport unit, the solid fuel is quickly discharged out of the passage portion of the first transport unit. . Therefore, it is difficult for the solid fuel to ignite in the passage portion or to melt and remain in the passage portion. On the other hand, even if the rotation of the blades is increased as described above in the first transport unit, the amount of solid fuel actually transported from the first transport unit to the combustion chamber is the first amount from the second transport unit. It depends on the transport amount per unit time transported to the transport unit. Therefore, the final supply amount into the combustion chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the transport amount in the second transport unit.

  The transport amount of solid fuel per unit time is the amount of solid fuel passing through a certain point on the transport path per unit time (for example, 1 second, 1 minute, etc.). Further, the maximum amount of solid fuel that can be transported per unit time by the first transport unit by the rotational speed is that the solid fuel is maximally placed in the first transport unit when the blades are rotated at the rotational speed. This corresponds to the amount of solid fuel that the first transport unit transports per unit time. The transport amount per unit time corresponding to the upper limit of the predetermined range corresponds to the maximum amount of solid fuel that the second transport unit can transport per unit time when the rotary switch is operated to the maximum, for example. To do.

It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the boiler which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the cylindrical partition wall of FIG. It is the front view of the internal structure of a fuel supply apparatus, and sectional drawing of a channel | path part. Fig.5 (a) is the VA-VA sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG.5 (b) is the VB-VB sectional view taken on the line of Fig.5 (a). FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VC-VC in FIG.

  A boiler 1 (combustion device) and a fuel supply device 100 (solid fuel supply device) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the boiler 1 includes an outer wall 2 in which a space is formed, and partition walls 6, 7, and 8 that partition the space in the outer wall 2 in the vertical direction. A space in the outer wall 2 is partitioned into an exhaust chamber 3, a heating chamber 4, a combustion chamber 5, and an air supply chamber 151 in order from the top by partition walls 6, 7 and 8. The combustion chamber 5 is a space in which solid fuel burns. In the boiler 1, the lower half where the combustion chamber 5 is formed is a combustion section that generates heat by burning solid fuel. The air supply chamber 151 is a space into which air supplied to the combustion chamber 5 flows. Details of the combustion chamber 5 and the air supply chamber 151 will be described later.

  On the other hand, the upper half of the boiler 1 in which the heating chamber 4 is formed is a heating unit that heats water supplied from the outside. A plurality of vent pipes 11 are provided in the heating chamber 4. The vent pipe 11 is formed of a material having high thermal conductivity, for example, a metal material. The ventilation pipe 11 penetrates the heating chamber 4 in the vertical direction. The upper end portion and the lower end portion of the vent pipe 11 pass through the partition walls 6 and 7, respectively, and protrude into the combustion chamber 5 and the exhaust chamber 3. The upper end and the lower end of the vent pipe 11 are open. The air in the combustion chamber 5 that has become high temperature due to the combustion of fuel flows into the vent pipe 11 from the opening at the lower end, moves upward through the vent pipe 11, and flows out from the opening at the upper end to the exhaust chamber 3. In the heating chamber 4, water conduits 12 and 13 are provided. When the inside of the heating chamber 4 is filled with water by allowing water (cold water) to flow into the water conduit 12 from the outside, when the high-temperature air from the combustion chamber 5 passes through the inside of the vent tube 11, the vent tube By transferring heat to water through 11, the water in the heating chamber 4 is heated. The water heated to a high temperature can be taken out from the water conduit 13 to the outside. An exhaust pipe 14 is provided in the exhaust chamber 3. The exhaust pipe 14 communicates with the exhaust part 21. The exhaust unit 21 is provided with suction means for sucking air. Air from the combustion chamber 5 that has flowed into the exhaust chamber 3 through the vent pipe 11 is sucked from the exhaust chamber 3 through the exhaust pipe 14 by suction means provided in the exhaust section 21. The sucked air is subjected to a purification process such as soot removal in the exhaust unit 21 and then discharged into the atmosphere.

  The combustion chamber 5 is a space defined by an inner wall surface 2 a having a substantially cylindrical shape formed in the outer wall 2, a lower surface of the partition wall 7, and an upper surface of the partition wall 8. The boiler 1 is provided with an air supply unit 150 that supplies combustion air to the combustion chamber 5. The air supply unit 150 includes an air supply chamber 151, air supply pipes 152 and 153 extending upward from the air supply chamber 151 to the combustion chamber 5, an air supply unit 155 provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 5, An air supply pipe 156 extending upward from the section 155 and a blower 157 for sending air to the air supply chamber 151 through the ventilation pipe 158 are provided.

  The air supply chamber 151 is a space formed at the lowermost portion in the outer wall 2 and separated from the combustion chamber 5 by the partition wall 8. A lower end portion of the air supply pipe 152 is opened in the air supply chamber 151. As shown in FIG. 1, the air supply pipe 152 passes through the partition wall 8 toward the combustion chamber 5. The upper end portion of the air supply pipe 152 opens upward near the bottom portion of the combustion chamber 5. The air supplied into the supply chamber 151 by the blower 157 flows into the combustion chamber 5 through the supply tube 152. An air supply part 155 having a lid shape is fixed to the bottom of the combustion chamber 5 so as to cover the upper end opening of the air supply pipe 152. An air supply chamber 155 a is formed between the air supply unit 155 and the partition wall 8. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of through holes 155 b are formed in the ceiling plate of the air supply unit 155.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the lower end part of the air supply pipe | tube 156 is opening in the air supply chamber 155a. The air supply pipe 156 extends upward through the ceiling plate of the air supply unit 155. As shown in FIG. 2, five supply pipes 156 are arranged so as to surround the center of the combustion chamber 5 in a plan view. The air supply pipe 156 is formed with a plurality of through holes which are air outlets. The air in the air supply chamber 155a is supplied to the upper part of the air supply part 155 through the through-hole 155b, and is supplied to the upper part of the air supply part 155 through the air supply pipe 156 and through the outlet formed in the air supply pipe 156. Is done. Note that the air supply unit 155 and the air supply pipe 156 are both disposed in the inner space 5a in the cylindrical partition wall 161 as described later. Therefore, the air supplied from the air supply unit 155 is mainly used for combustion in the inner space 5a.

  Further, the lower end portion of the air supply pipe 153 is opened in the air supply chamber 151. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, three supply pipes 153 are provided so as to be partially embedded in the recess 2 b provided in the inner wall surface 2 a of the combustion chamber 5. Each air supply pipe 153 penetrates the partition wall 8 from the air supply chamber 151 and extends vertically upward along the recess 2b. The air in the supply chamber 151 flows upward in the supply pipe 153. As shown in FIG. 2, the three air supply pipes 153 are arranged at equal intervals in the direction along the inner wall surface 2a. As shown in FIG. 1, the air supply pipe 153 is formed with a plurality of through holes 153 a arranged along the vertical direction. The opening (outlet) of each through hole 153a is formed so that the air flowing through the air supply pipe 153 flows out from the air supply pipe 153 through the through hole 153a in the directions A1 to A3 in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, each of the A1 to A3 directions has a direction component orthogonal to the direction from the supply pipe 153 toward the center of the combustion chamber 5 in a plan view. In addition, the component corresponds to a component that rotates counterclockwise around the center of the combustion chamber 5 in a plan view in any of the directions A1 to A3. Thereby, a swirling airflow is generated in the combustion chamber 5 in the direction B of FIG. The swirling airflow is an airflow that flows so as to swirl around the center of the combustion chamber 5. This whirling airflow is formed between the inner wall surface 2a of the combustion chamber 5 and the outer surface of a cylindrical partition wall 161 described later.

  An internal combustion section 160 is provided in the combustion chamber 5. Although the whole internal combustion part 160 is comprised with the metal material, it may be made from other materials with high heat resistance, such as ceramics. Moreover, you may be comprised from these multiple types of materials. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the internal combustion unit 160 includes a cylindrical partition wall 161 having a substantially cylindrical shape, four column members 162 fixed to the cylindrical partition wall 161, and a disk-shaped lid portion 120. Have. The column member 162 extends in the vertical direction. The lid 120 is supported on the upper end of the column member 162. The lid 120 is formed to be slightly larger than the cylindrical partition wall 161 in plan view (see FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 3, the cylindrical partition wall 161 is manufactured by forming a metal flat plate in which a plurality of through holes 161 a are formed by punching or the like into a cylindrical shape. The direction in which each through-hole 161a extends includes a direction component orthogonal to the thickness direction of the cylindrical partition wall 161 in plan view. This directional component is a counterclockwise component with respect to the rotation direction with respect to the center of the cylindrical partition wall 161 in plan view when traveling from the inside of the cylindrical partition wall 161 to the outside of the cylindrical partition wall 161 along each through-hole 161a. Thus, each through-hole 161a is along the diagonal direction (for example, F1-F3 direction of FIG. 3) with respect to the thickness direction of the cylindrical partition wall 161.

  The internal combustion section 160 is provided on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 5 (the top surface of the partition wall 8) so that the five supply pipes 156 and all the through holes 155b are disposed in the cylindrical partition wall 161 in plan view (see FIG. 2). It is placed. As shown in FIG. 1, the cylindrical partition wall 161 has an inner space 5 a that is a space inside the cylindrical partition wall 161 in the horizontal direction and an outer space that is a space outside the cylindrical partition wall 161 in the horizontal direction. It is partitioned into a space 5b. Thereby, the air supply part 155 comprises the bottom wall of the inner side space 5a. The outer space 5b is also a space sandwiched between the inner wall surface 2a of the combustion chamber 5 and the cylindrical partition wall 161 in the horizontal direction. The inner space 5a and the outer space 5b communicate with each other through each through hole 161a formed in the cylindrical partition wall 161. The internal combustion section 160 is arranged such that the inner space 5a and the outer space 5b are in the positional relationship shown in FIG. 3 with respect to the F1 to F3 directions along the through-hole 161a of the cylindrical partition wall 161.

  In the outer space 5b, as air is supplied from the through holes 153a of the supply pipes 153, a swirling airflow is generated in the direction B in FIG. 2 as described above. As shown in FIG. 2, the swirling airflow is formed in a space that is horizontally sandwiched between the inner wall surface 2 a of the combustion chamber 5 and the outer surface of the cylindrical partition wall 161. In the present embodiment, since an air flow is generated in such a limited space, an air flow swirling around the cylindrical partition wall 161 can be reliably generated. The swirling airflow flows along the outer surface of the cylindrical partition wall 161 as shown in FIGS. When the swirling airflow flows along the outer surface of the cylindrical partition wall 161, an action of sucking air from the inner space 5a to the outer space 5b through the through hole 161a occurs. With this action, the air in the cylindrical partition wall 161 flows out of the cylindrical partition wall 161 along the directions F1 to F3 in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a tray 15 is provided on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 5. Kerosene is injected into the tray 15. The burning of solid fuel is started by igniting the kerosene injected into the tray 15.

  The fuel supply device 100 is a device that supplies the solid fuel stored in the hopper 22 into the combustion chamber 5 of the boiler 1. The solid fuel of the present embodiment is made of a so-called foamed polystyrene (polystyrene) waste material formed into a pellet. In addition to polystyrene, waste material of foamed material of polyethylene or polypropylene may be used as a solid fuel in which pellets are formed into pellets. The raw material may not be a foam material. Further, solid fuel that has not been pelletized, for example, only waste material that has been finely crushed may be used.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the fuel supply device 100 includes transfer units 110 and 130 (first transfer unit and second transfer unit), a cooling water supply unit 140 (liquid supply unit), and a control unit 145. I have. Among these, the conveyance part 110 has the channel | path part 111 through which solid fuel passes, the screw 112 provided in the channel | path part 111, and the motor 113 which rotates the screw 112 as shown in FIG. .

  The passage part 111 has a cylindrical schematic shape arranged so that the axial direction is horizontal. The passage portion 111 extends from the outside of the boiler 1 into the combustion chamber 5 across the inner wall surface 2 a of the outer wall 2 of the boiler 1, and further reaches the inside of the internal combustion portion 160. The leading end 119 of the passage portion 111 is disposed inside the internal combustion portion 160. In the passage portion 111, a conveyance passage 111a that is a space having a substantially cylindrical shape is formed. The left end of the conveyance path 111a is open toward the left in FIG. A solid fuel supply unit 114 is formed in the vicinity of the right end of the transport passage 110a. A solid fuel supply passage 114a is formed in the supply portion 114 along the vertical direction. The upper end of the supply passage 114a opens upward, and the lower end communicates with the right end portion of the transport passage 111a.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, the outer wall of the passage portion 111 that defines the transport passage 111 a has two layers, an outer layer 121 and an inner layer 122. The outer layer 121 and the inner layer 122 each have a substantially cylindrical shape. The outer layer 121 and the inner layer 122 are arranged so that their central axes coincide with each other.

  A cylindrical space is formed between the outer layer 121 and the inner layer 122. The outer layer 121 and the inner layer 122 are connected in a horizontal direction by partition walls 123 and 124. The partition walls 123 and 124 are disposed at the center of the passage portion 111 in the vertical direction. The partition walls 123 and 124 extend from the right end of the outer layer 121 and the inner layer 122 in FIG. 4 to the vicinity of the left end. Thereby, the partition walls 123 and 124 divide the cylindrical space formed between the outer layer 121 and the inner layer 122 into two parts, an upper space 120a and a lower space 120b. The upper space 120 a is a space formed in the upper half of the passage portion 111. The lower space 120 b is a space formed inside the lower half of the passage portion 111. The partition walls 123 and 124 are interrupted near the left end of the passage portion 111 as shown in FIG. Thus, communication holes 125a and 125b (communication portions) that connect the upper space 120a and the lower space 120b in the vertical direction are formed near the left end of the passage portion 111.

  Near the right ends of the outer layer 121 and the inner layer 122, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5B and 5C, an inlet 126 and an outlet 127 for cooling water are formed. The inflow port 126 is provided so as to penetrate the lower end portion of the outer layer 121. Thereby, the inflow port 126 makes the lower space 120b and the exterior of the channel | path part 111 connect. The outlet 127 is provided so as to penetrate the upper end portion of the outer layer 121. Thereby, the outflow port 127 makes the upper space 120a and the exterior of the channel | path part 111 connect.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the screw 112 has a cylindrical shaft 112a and a blade portion 112b formed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 112a. The shaft 112a is connected to the motor 113. The motor 113 rotates the shaft 112a. The speed at which the motor 113 rotates the shaft 112a is controlled by a control unit 145 described later. When the motor 113 rotates the shaft 112a, the blade portion 112b rotates in the transport path 111a. In FIG. 4, when the blade portion 112b rotates, the solid fuel supplied from the supply portion 114 to the right end portion of the conveyance passage 111a is pushed out along the conveyance passage 111a by the surface of the blade portion 112b. As a result, the solid fuel is sequentially sent leftward in the transport passage 111a. When the solid fuel reaches the tip 119 of the passage portion 111, it falls from the tip 119 to the outside of the passage portion 111. As the rotational speed of the blade 112b increases, the amount of solid fuel that can be transported per unit time by the transport unit 110 also increases. The amount of solid fuel that the transport unit 110 transports per unit time is the amount of solid fuel that passes through any point on the transport path in the transport unit 110 per unit time (for example, 1 second, 1 minute, etc.). It is. For example, it is the amount of solid fuel per unit time that falls into the combustion chamber 5 from the tip 119 of the passage portion 111.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the transport unit 130 includes a passage portion 131 through which solid fuel passes, a screw 132 provided in the passage portion 131, and a motor 133 that rotates the screw 132. The passage part 131 has a cylindrical schematic shape arranged so that the axial direction is oblique with respect to both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The upper end portion of the passage unit 131 is disposed above the supply unit 114 of the transport unit 110. An upper end portion of the passage portion 131 is connected to an upper portion of a guide tube 134 described later. The lower end portion of the passage portion 131 is connected to the lower portion of the hopper 22. A conveyance passage 131a, which is a space having a substantially cylindrical shape, is formed in the passage portion 131. When a sufficient amount of solid fuel is stored in the hopper 22, the solid fuel stored in the hopper 22 is supplied continuously (without breaks) from the lower portion of the passage portion 111 into the transport passage 111 a.

  The screw 132 has a columnar shaft 132a and a blade portion 132b formed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 132a. The shaft 132a is connected to the motor 133. The motor 133 rotates the shaft 132a. The speed at which the motor 133 rotates the shaft 132a is controlled by the control unit 145 described later. When the motor 133 rotates the shaft 132a, the blade portion 132b rotates in the transport passage 131a. In FIG. 4, when the blade portion 132b rotates, the solid fuel supplied from the hopper 22 to the lower end portion of the conveyance passage 131a is pushed out along the conveyance passage 131a by the surface of the blade portion 132b. As a result, the solid fuel is sequentially sent leftward and upward in the transport passage 131a. When the solid fuel reaches the upper end portion of the passage portion 131, it falls into the guide tube 134 from the upper end portion. The greater the rotational speed of the blade 132b, the greater the amount of solid fuel that the transport unit 130 can transport per unit time. The amount of solid fuel that the transport unit 130 transports per unit time is the amount of solid fuel that passes through any point on the transport path in the transport unit 130 per unit time (for example, 1 second, 1 minute, etc.). It is. For example, it is the amount of solid fuel per unit time that falls from the upper end of the passage portion 131 into the guide tube 134.

  The guide tube 134 causes the solid fuel transported by the transport unit 130 to drop to the supply unit 114 of the transport unit 110 through the flange portion 135. A guide passage 134 a is formed in the guide tube 134, and a guide passage 135 a is formed in the flange portion 135. The solid fuel passes through the guide passages 134a and 135a toward the supply unit 114. The flange portion 135 may be provided with a shutter capable of opening and closing the guide passage 135a. For example, the shutter may be configured to be manually or automatically switchable between a position where the guide passage 135a is blocked and a position where the shutter is retracted from the guide passage 135a. Accordingly, even if solid fuel is ignited in the transport passage of the transport unit 110, the guide passage 135a is blocked by the shutter, so that combustion cannot be transmitted to the transport unit 130.

  The cooling water supply unit 140 includes a cooling water storage unit 141 that stores cooling water, and a pump 142 connected to the cooling water storage unit 141. The pump 142 is further connected to the inlet 126 of the transport unit 110 by a hose or the like. The cooling water storage unit 141 and the outlet 127 of the transport unit 110 are connected by a hose or the like. The pump 142 causes the water stored in the cooling water storage unit 141 to flow into the lower space 120 b through the inflow port 126. The water that flows into the lower space 120b fills the lower space 120b. When the lower space 120b is completely filled with water, the water in the lower space 120b flows into the upper space 120a through the communication holes 125a and 125b (see FIG. 5). The water that has flowed into the upper space 120a further fills the upper space 120a. When the upper space 120 a is completely filled with water, the water in the upper space 120 a returns to the cooling water storage unit 141 through the outlet 127. Thereafter, water continues to flow into the lower space 120b through the inlet 126 from the cooling water reservoir 141. As a result, a cooling water circulation path is formed from the cooling water reservoir 141 through the inlet 126, the lower space 120b, the communication holes 125a and 125b, the upper space 120a, and the outlet 127 to the cooling water reservoir 141.

  The inflow port 126 is separated from the communication holes 125a and 125b toward the right in FIG. Specifically, the inlet 126 is near the right end of the lower space 120b as shown in FIG. 4, and the communication holes 125a and 125b are connected to the left end of the passage portion 111 as shown in FIG. 5A. Near, that is, near the left end of the lower space 120b. Therefore, the cooling water that flows into the vicinity of the right end of the lower space 120b flows to the vicinity of the left end on the opposite side along the length direction of the passage portion 111 (the left-right direction in FIG. 4). Similarly, the outlet 127 is separated from the communication holes 125a and 125b toward the right in FIG. Specifically, the outlet 127 is near the right end of the upper space 120a as shown in FIG. 4, and the communication holes 125a and 125b are connected to the left end of the passage portion 111 as shown in FIG. 5A. Near, that is, near the left end of the upper space 120a. Therefore, the cooling water that flows into the vicinity of the left end of the upper space 120a flows to the vicinity of the right end on the opposite side along the length direction of the passage portion 111 (the left-right direction in FIG. 4). Thus, the cooling water flows in the lower space 120b from the vicinity of the right end to the vicinity of the left end, and flows in the upper space 120a from the vicinity of the left end to the vicinity of the right end. Therefore, the passage portion 111 is easily cooled as a whole over the length direction of the passage portion 111.

  The control unit 145 has various electric circuits for controlling the motors 113 and 133. The control unit 145 is connected to the switch 146. The switch 146 is a rotary switch type switch. The state of the switch 146 can be changed by rotating the knob of the switch 146. There are two limit positions for knob rotation. That is, the knob can be rotated between these two limit positions. The control unit 145 controls the motor 133 based on the state of the switch 146. The rotational position of the knob of the switch 146 is associated with the transport amount of the solid fuel. The control unit 145 controls the motor 133 so as to adjust the rotational speed of the shaft 132a so that the transport amount of the solid fuel per unit time by the transport unit 130 corresponds to the position of the knob of the switch 146. . For example, it is assumed that the user changes the state of the switch 146 so as to increase the transport amount of the solid fuel by operating the switch 146. In response to this, the controller 145 controls the motor 133 so as to increase the rotational speed of the shaft 132a. Note that other types of switches, levers, and the like may be used instead of the switch 146.

  A range, that is, an upper limit and a lower limit are set for the rotation speed of the shaft 132a that the control unit 145 causes the motor 133 to change. The upper and lower limits correspond to the limit positions of two points in the rotation of the knob of the switch 146. The upper and lower limits are set according to the weight of the screw 132, the capacity of the motor 133, and the like. The rotational speed of the shaft 132a corresponds to the amount of solid fuel per unit time that the transport unit 130 can transport per unit time. Therefore, changing the rotational speed of the shaft 132a within the range from the lower limit to the upper limit means that the amount of solid fuel transported by the transport unit 130 per unit time is changed within a predetermined range corresponding to the rotational speed range. It corresponds to being possible.

  On the other hand, the control unit 145 controls the motor 113 so that the rotation speed of the shaft 112a is maintained at a constant magnitude regardless of the state of the switch 146 with respect to the transport unit 110. The constant size means that the maximum amount of solid fuel that can be transported per unit time by the transport unit 110 when the shaft 112a is rotated at such a constant rotational speed is equal to or greater than the upper limit of the predetermined range. The rotational speed is such that The maximum amount is an amount that the transport unit 110 can transport per unit time when the solid fuel is supplied to the transport unit 110 to the maximum. That is, the shaft 112a rotates at a high speed so that the amount of solid fuel exceeding the upper limit of the conveyance amount by the conveyance unit 130 can be conveyed. Therefore, the transport unit 110 transports the transported solid fuel into the combustion chamber 5 at a high speed without stagnation, no matter how much the transport amount per unit time in the transport unit 130 is large.

  In the above configuration, after the kerosene in the tray 15 is ignited, the fuel supply device 100 supplies solid fuel to the combustion chamber 5 and the air supply unit 150 supplies air to the combustion chamber 5. Solid fuel burns. The solid fuel from the fuel supply device 100 falls in the inner space 5a. Therefore, first, the solid fuel burns in the inner space 5a. Combustion air is supplied from an air supply unit 155 and an air supply pipe 156 in the air supply unit 150. Since the solid fuel is made of polystyrene (or polyethylene, polypropylene, or the like), combustible gas is generated from the solid fuel when falling in the inner space 5a that has become high temperature by combustion. The combustible gas burns while being mixed with the air supplied from the air supply unit 155 and the air supply pipe 156. A lid part 120 is installed on the upper part of the internal combustion part 160. For this reason, the combustible gas generated in the inner space 5a is prevented from flowing out above the internal combustion section 160.

  When the solid fuel burns in the inner space 5a, impurities or the like may remain unburned, or a part of the solid fuel may be carbonized to generate flaming soot. Then, there is a possibility that such burners accumulate on the air supply unit 155 and block the opening of the through hole 155b of the air supply unit 155. However, even if the through hole 155b of the air supply unit 155 is blocked by a solid fuel burner or the like, the outlet of the air supply pipe 156 extending above the air supply unit 155 is blocked by the burner or the like. It is hard to get it. Therefore, even if the through hole 155 b is blocked, the combustion air is supplied from the outlet of the supply pipe 156.

  On the other hand, as described above, the air in the inner space 5a is sucked into the outer space 5b through the through hole 161a of the cylindrical partition wall 161 by the swirling airflow generated in the outer space 5b. Thereby, the combustible gas which remained without burning in the inner space 5a flows out from the inner space 5a to the outer space 5b. The flammable gas that has flowed out joins the swirling airflow in the outer space 5b, and burns while being appropriately mixed with the air in the swirling airflow. In the outer space 5b, a sufficient amount of air and combustible gas are mixed by the formation of the swirling airflow. Therefore, even if combustible gas remains unburned in the inner space 5a, it burns reliably in the outer space 5b.

  According to the fuel supply device 100 according to the present embodiment described above, the passage portion 111 of the transport portion 110 extends from the outside of the combustion chamber 5 to the inside of the combustion chamber 5 across the inner wall surface 2a. Specifically, the front end 119 which is the terminal end of the passage portion 111 exceeds the inner wall surface 2 a and is further disposed inside the inner combustion portion 160. Accordingly, the solid fuel is appropriately transported into the internal combustion unit 160 by the transport unit 110. In addition, by operating the switch 146, the transport amount of the solid fuel per unit time in the transport unit 130 can be changed. For this reason, the fuel supply amount can be changed according to the strength of combustion in the boiler 1.

  On the other hand, the present inventor has found that the following problems may occur when the transport unit 110 is configured as described above. According to the above configuration, a part of the passage portion 111 of the transport unit 110 is disposed in the combustion chamber 5. For this reason, when the solid fuel burns in the combustion chamber 5, the portion of the solid fuel disposed in the combustion chamber 5 in the passage portion 111 is more likely to ignite than the solid fuel outside the combustion chamber 5. Moreover, the solid fuel of this embodiment consists of a waste material of polystyrene foam. The melting temperature of polystyrene constituting the expanded polystyrene is 80 to 90 ° C. For this reason, the temperature in the combustion chamber 5 greatly exceeds the melting temperature of the solid fuel. Therefore, the solid fuel in the portion disposed in the combustion chamber 5 in the passage portion 111 is more easily melted than the solid fuel outside the combustion chamber 5. When the solid fuel is melted, the solid fuel may remain in the passage portion 111 due to the molten solid fuel adhering to the blade portion 112 b of the screw 112.

  In order to make it difficult to cause such a problem, in the present embodiment, the transport amount of the solid fuel in the transport unit 130 can be changed by operating the switch 146, while the rotation of the shaft 112a in the transport unit 110 is maintained at a high speed. It was. Specifically, the rotational speed of the shaft 112a is set to a certain level such that the maximum amount of solid fuel that can be transported per unit time by the transport unit 110 by the rotational speed is equal to or greater than the upper limit of the transport amount per unit time by the transport unit 130. It was decided to maintain it. Thereby, the solid fuel is transported at high speed in the transport unit 110 regardless of the transport amount of the solid fuel in the transport unit 130. For this reason, the solid fuel is quickly discharged out of the passage part 111 of the transport part 110 (inside the internal combustion part 160). Therefore, it becomes difficult for the solid fuel to ignite in the passage portion 111 or to remain in the passage portion 111 by melting the solid fuel. On the other hand, even if the rotation of the shaft 112a is increased as described above in the transport unit 110, the supply amount (transport amount) per unit time of the solid fuel actually supplied from the transport unit 110 into the combustion chamber 5 is as follows. It depends on the transport amount per unit time transported from 130 to the transport unit 110. Therefore, the final supply amount into the combustion chamber 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the transport amount in the transport unit 130.

  In the present embodiment, the cooling water supply unit 140 supplies the cooling water into the upper space 120 a and the lower space 120 b formed in the passage portion 111. As a result, the passage portion 111 is cooled, so that the solid fuel is prevented from igniting and melting in the passage portion 111.

  In the present embodiment, a swirling airflow is generated in a region sandwiched between the cylindrical partition wall 161 and the inner wall surface 2a of the combustion chamber 5 in the outer space 5b. Since the swirling airflow is generated in such a limited region, the swirling airflow is easily formed reliably. Further, the combustible gas generated from the solid fuel supplied to the inner space 5a by the swirling airflow formed in the outer space 5b is sandwiched between the cylindrical partition wall 161 and the inner wall surface 2a of the combustion chamber 5 through each through-hole 161a. Flow into the above-mentioned area. In other words, unburned combustible gas generated from the solid fuel in the inner space 5a flows outward toward the through holes 161a and directly flows into the swirling airflow outside the cylindrical partition wall 161 through the through holes 161a. Easy to join with. Therefore, the combustible gas that has not been burned in the inner space 5a is efficiently burned while being engulfed in the swirling airflow appropriately formed in the limited region of the outer space 5b.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made as long as they are described in the claims.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the transport unit 130 also employs a transport system that transports solid fuel using a screw, as in the transport unit 110. However, the conveyance unit 130 may employ a conveyance method other than the screw. Moreover, the blade | wing part is being fixed to the axis | shaft in any screw of the conveyance parts 110 and 130. FIG. However, a screw having only a blade portion having no shaft may be used.

  In the above-described embodiment, the rotation speed of the shaft 112a is kept constant by the control unit 145. However, the rotational speed of the shaft 112a may vary as long as the maximum amount of solid fuel that can be transported per unit time by the transport unit 110 is equal to or greater than the upper limit of the transport amount by the transport unit 130. Note that the rotation speed of the shaft 112a may be maintained in the above range only during a high temperature operation in which the temperature in the combustion chamber 5 is sufficiently increased and the solid fuel is stably burned. For example, during the period when combustion in the combustion chamber 5 has just started and the temperature in the combustion chamber 5 has not yet risen sufficiently, the rotational speed of the shaft 112a may be suppressed to some extent. This is because the temperature in the combustion chamber 5 has not risen sufficiently yet, so that the solid fuel in the passage portion 111 is less likely to ignite or melt even if the transport amount of the transport portion 110 is suppressed. .

  In the above-described embodiment, the control unit 145 controls the transport amount in the transport unit 130 according to the rotational position of the knob of the switch 146. The knob of the switch 146 is manually operated by the user. That is, the conveyance amount of the conveyance unit 130 is manually adjusted. However, the control unit 145 may automatically control the conveyance amount in the conveyance unit 130 based on the contents programmed in advance. Even in this case, the upper limit and the lower limit are set as the range of the transport amount in the transport unit 130, and the maximum amount of the solid fuel that can be transported per unit time by the transport unit 110 is in the range that is equal to or more than the above upper limit. The rotational speed of 112a is maintained.

  In the above-described embodiment, the conveyance unit 130 is disposed so that the axial direction of the passage unit 131 is oblique with respect to both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Therefore, the solid fuel is transported in the transport passage 131a diagonally upward to the left in FIG. On the other hand, the axial direction of the passage 131 may be arranged horizontally. In this case, the solid fuel is transported horizontally along the passage portion 131.

  In the above-described embodiment, the present invention is applied to a boiler. However, the present invention may be applied to combustion devices other than boilers. For example, the heating heat using air heated to high temperature by the combustion heat in the combustion chamber 5, the power generation device using the pressure of water vapor obtained by evaporating water by the combustion heat in the combustion chamber 5, etc. You may apply to the combustion apparatus utilized variously.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Boiler 2 Outer wall 2a Inner wall surface 5 Combustion chamber 5a Inner space 5b Outer space 22 Hopper 100 Fuel supply apparatus 110, 130 Conveyance part 110a, 130a Conveyance path 111, 131 Passage part 112, 132 Screw 112a, 132a Shaft 112b, 132b Blade part 120a Upper space 120b Lower space 121 Outer layer 122 Inner layers 123, 124 Partition 125a Communication hole 126 Inlet 127 Outlet 140 Cooling water supply unit 145 Control unit 160 Internal combustion unit

Claims (6)

A device for supplying the solid fuel into the combustion chamber in the combustion apparatus where the temperature of the combustion chamber formed therein for combusting the solid fuel in a condition that above the melting temperature of the solid fuel,
A first transport section having a passage section in which a transport path through which solid fuel passes is formed, and a blade section that feeds the solid fuel along the transport path by rotating in the transport path;
A second transport unit that transports the solid fuel to the first transport unit outside the combustion chamber,
The passage portion extends from the outside of the combustion chamber to the combustion chamber so as to straddle the inner wall surface of the combustion device that defines the combustion chamber;
The amount of the solid fuel transported by the second transport unit per unit time is changed within a predetermined range, and the rotational speed of the blades can be transported by the first transport unit per unit time depending on the rotational speed. Do and Do the maximum amount of solid fuel is more than the transport amount per unit time corresponding to the upper limit of the predetermined range Ri, and, in a range that prevents melting of the solid fuel in the passage of the first conveyor A solid fuel supply device characterized by maintaining.   2. The solid fuel supply device according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the solid fuel transported per unit time by the second transport unit is changed while maintaining the rotation speed of the blade portion constant. The second transport unit rotates in the transport path of the second transport unit, and the solid fuel is sent out along the transport path by rotating in the transport path of the second transport unit. And has a blade part,
The rotational speed of the blade part of the second transport unit is changed so that the transport amount of the solid fuel per unit time by the second transport unit falls within the predetermined range. Or the solid fuel supply apparatus of 2. The wall of the passage portion of the first transport unit is composed of a plurality of layers in which spaces are formed between each other,
The solid fuel supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a liquid supply unit that supplies a cooling liquid into the space. The passage section of the first transport section is
A partition wall that divides the space into an upper space disposed above the passage portion of the first transport unit and a lower space disposed below the passage portion;
A communication part for communicating the upper space and the lower space;
An inflow portion of liquid into the lower space formed at a position separated from the communication portion of the first transport portion toward one direction along the length direction of the transport passage of the first transport portion;
The solid fuel according to claim 4, further comprising a liquid outflow portion from the upper space formed at a position spaced apart from the communication portion of the first transport portion in the one direction. Feeding device. A solid fuel combustion system comprising the solid fuel supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and the combustion device,
A solid fuel combustion system, wherein the solid fuel is burned in a state where the temperature in the combustion chamber is equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the solid fuel.

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