JP6385669B2 - Rotating electric machine and electric vehicle equipped with the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine that cools a winding with a liquid refrigerant, and more particularly to a rotating electrical machine and an electric vehicle that are suitable for construction machines.

  In a winding of a rotating electrical machine, heat is generated due to a loss when a current flows when energized, so that the cooling design is made so as not to exceed the heat resistance temperature of insulation. When the rotating electrical machine is installed near a high-temperature device such as an internal combustion engine, or when the output per physique (volume) of the rotating electrical machine is large, the interior of the rotating electrical machine may not be sufficiently cooled by air circulation alone. .

  In such a case, conventionally, there is a technique using a liquid refrigerant such as oil as a method of cooling the winding. When this conventional technology is used, while the cooling effect is high, there arises a problem that a space for mounting equipment such as a pump for circulating the liquid and piping for circulating the liquid refrigerant is required. In response to this problem, a configuration has been proposed in which the space required for mounting the circulating device for the liquid refrigerant is not required by housing the pump and the pipe in the rotating electrical machine.

  As a proposal, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an electric motor that performs cooling using oil as a refrigerant for a motor for driving an upper turning body of a construction machine vehicle, and has a compact configuration with a pump provided in the motor. Has been. Further, in Patent Document 2, an oil reservoir is formed by a housing and a bracket, and oil is injected into a winding by a gear pump provided with a bearing. A generator motor having an easy configuration is shown.

JP 2009-71923 A JP 2012-191719 A

  However, when the rotating electrical machine is mounted on a vehicle whose body is inclined like a construction machine vehicle, as shown in Patent Document 1 above, in the pump system that sucks up the liquid by the rotation of the rotor core of the rotating electrical machine, Since the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant changes when the vehicle body is tilted, it may be difficult to circulate the liquid by pump suction, and there is a refrigerant path in the rotor core. It becomes necessary to disassemble.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, the refrigerant passage is provided in a housing for holding the motor itself in the vehicle body, and is provided separately from the bracket that supports the rotating shaft. When foreign matter is mixed in the refrigerant or some alteration is observed, it may be necessary to perform maintenance by removing the piping and pump for circulating the liquid, but because the piping is in the housing of the rotating electrical machine, It is necessary to disassemble even the housing holding the rotating electric machine, and it takes a lot of time to inspect and maintain the liquid medium.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that in a rotating electrical machine that cools a winding using a liquid refrigerant, the pump and the refrigerant path for circulating the liquid refrigerant are reduced in size, and the maintainability is improved. In particular, it is to provide a rotating electrical machine suitable for a construction machine vehicle.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention mainly adopts the following configuration.
A rotor having a rotating shaft; a stator core disposed concentrically on the outer peripheral side of the rotor; an armature winding wound around teeth of the stator core; and the stator core on the outer peripheral side thereof And a housing disposed at both ends of the housing in the rotation axis direction to hold the bearing of the rotation shaft, and a liquid refrigerant for cooling the armature winding, the stator core, and the rotor. A pump that circulates, a refrigerant path through which the liquid refrigerant flows, and a reservoir for the liquid refrigerant, and the pump is provided inside the bracket and is disposed on an outer peripheral side of the bearing or an end portion in the rotation axis direction thereof. The refrigerant path is provided inside the bracket, and the liquid refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant path is directed to the armature winding on the inner end surface of the bracket. A structure in which ejection port for morphism is provided.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the pump and refrigerant path for circulating the liquid refrigerant of a rotary electric machine can be packed compactly, and can be reduced in size, and also the maintainability of a pump and a refrigerant path can be improved.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ shown in FIG. 1, showing the configuration of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B ′ shown in FIG. 1 according to the configuration of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing each component in the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing showing the sloping ground work condition in the electric vehicle carrying the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a section lineblock diagram of an engine room in an electric vehicle carrying a rotary electric machine concerning Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

  A rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present invention and an electric vehicle equipped with the rotating electrical machine will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 for the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 for the second embodiment, FIG. 6 for the third embodiment, FIG. 7 for the fourth embodiment, and FIG. With reference to FIG. 8, Embodiment 6 will be described individually with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

“Embodiment 1”
1 to 4 representing the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention represent the configuration as described in the simple description column of the above drawings. In the drawings, 1 is a stator core, 2 is a tooth, 3 is a slot, 4 is an armature winding, 5 is a rotor, 6 is a shaft, 7 is a bracket, 8 is a housing, 9 is a bearing, 10 is a pump, 11 Denotes a liquid (oil) reservoir, 12 denotes a refrigerant path, 17 denotes a liquid (oil) drain hole, 35 denotes an oil seal, 36 denotes a ring, and 37 denotes an injection port.

  The stator core 1 has a tooth 2 and a slot 3 (see FIGS. 4 and 1), and an armature winding 4 housed in the slot 3 is wound around the tooth 2. The stator core 1 is held by a housing 8 from the outer diameter side. Brackets 7 are disposed at both ends of the housing 8. Here, the housing 8 has a function of holding and installing the rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment on the apparatus main body, the bracket 7 is fixed at both ends of the housing 8, and the shaft 6, which is a rotating shaft, is interposed via the bearing 9. It has a function to hold.

  The bracket 7 has a refrigerant path 12 formed therein and a pump 10 (eg, a trochoid pump). Here, the pump rotor in the pump 10 is attached to the shaft 6 and utilizes the rotational power of the shaft 6. A liquid (oil) reservoir 11 is attached under the housing 8.

  Liquid refrigerant such as oil is sucked up from the liquid reservoir 11 to the pump 10 in the bracket 7 and is injected toward the end of the armature winding 4 through the refrigerant path 12. As shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant path 12 after passing through the pump 10 is arranged in a circumferential shape, and can be injected through the injection port 37 toward the end of the armature winding 4. The number of nozzles 37 in the central direction of the rotation axis of the refrigerant path 12 is preferably appropriately designed in accordance with the arrangement of the slots 3 and the armature windings 4.

  In FIG. 3, the end of the armature winding 4 in the direction of the rotation axis is shown. The liquid refrigerant injected from the injection port 37 hits the end portion of the armature winding 4, travels along the armature winding 4, flows toward the center of the rotation axis of the slot 3, and reaches the center of the rotation axis of the slot 3. Further, the liquid refrigerant flows down from the stator core 1 to the rotor 5 through the gap between the teeth 2 of the stator core 1 and flows below the housing 8 while removing the heat generated in the rotor 5. Further, as a flow path of the jetted liquid refrigerant, a part of the liquid refrigerant that hits the end of the armature winding 4 flows down to the end of the armature winding 4 below.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the liquid refrigerant accumulated below the housing 8 returns to the liquid reservoir 11 through the liquid drain hole 17. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the liquid refrigerant has accumulated below the housing 8 (above the liquid vent hole 17). However, when the flow rate of the liquid refrigerant is small, that is, when the rotational speed of the shaft 6 is low, the liquid refrigerant The refrigerant returns to the liquid reservoir 11 without accumulating below the housing 8. That is, in the normal operation of the pump 10, the diameter of the liquid drain hole 17 is adjusted so that the liquid does not accumulate below the housing 8.

  FIG. 4 shows the present embodiment in which the rotor 5 has a permanent magnet as a field source, the stator core 1 has an armature winding 4, and liquid coolant is injected into the armature winding 4 to cool it. It is an exploded view which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine which concerns on a form. In this rotating electrical machine, a stator core 1 around which an armature winding 4 is wound is disposed on the concentric outer diameter side of the rotor 5, and a housing 8 is disposed on the outer diameter side of the stator core 1.

Moreover, according to FIG. 4, the ring 36 provided with the injection port 37 which injects a liquid refrigerant is provided in the axial direction both ends side of the shaft 6. As shown in FIG. Here, the ring 36 and the bracket 7 have an integrated structure in which different members are integrated , and the ring 36 forms a part of the bracket 7. Although FIG. 1 shows a structure in which the coolant path 12 is provided in the bracket 7 itself, as shown in FIG. 4 , the coolant path 12 may be formed by a combination of the bracket 7 and the ring 36 instead. A bearing 9 of the shaft 6 is provided in the bracket 7, and an oil seal 35 is provided at a position where the shaft 6 of the bracket 7 penetrates. Note that the holes illustrated in the bracket 7 in FIG. 4 are screw holes for fixing to the housing 8.

As described above, in the first embodiment of the present invention, by having integrally formed the pump 10 and the coolant passage 12 for circulating a liquid coolant to the bracket 7, in the case of inspecting the refrigerant passage 12 in the rotary electric machine The housing 8 (the case of the rotating electrical machine) can be performed while being fixed. Here, the above-described integrated configuration means that the pump 10 and the refrigerant path 12 are detachable from the bracket 7, and when the foreign matter is mixed in the liquid refrigerant, the pump 10 can be easily removed from the bracket 7. It is possible to remove the foreign matter mixed by removing the refrigerant path. Further, since it is not necessary to provide the refrigerant path in the housing 8, the housing 8 can be configured compactly. Furthermore, since the refrigerant path is not provided separately from the bracket 7, a compact configuration is obtained. Here, the pump used in the first embodiment is desirably a self-priming type.

“Embodiment 2”
A rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the second embodiment, components common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the first embodiment is used for this.

  In FIG. 5, the rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment is provided with a secondary refrigerant pipe 13 for circulating the secondary refrigerant in the liquid reservoir 11 in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, and circulates in the rotating electrical machine. Cooling liquid refrigerant. Specifically, the liquid refrigerant in the liquid reservoir 11 may be oil, and the liquid flowing through the secondary refrigerant pipe 13 may be water. In this case, the oil is cooled with circulating water. . Here, the rotating electric machine is generally supplied with electric power through an inverter, and since the inverter is also a heating element, it is necessary to supply the inverter with water to cool it. The secondary liquid refrigerant of the reservoir 11 may also be used. In FIG. 5, the secondary refrigerant inflow port 13a is disposed above the secondary refrigerant outflow port 13b.

  Since the liquid reservoir 11 is configured separately from the housing 8, the housing can be fixed while checking the refrigerant path in the rotating electrical machine.

“Embodiment 3”
A rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the first embodiment is used for this.

  In FIG. 6, oil is used as the liquid refrigerant in the third embodiment, and in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, an oil supply path 14 that is a branch path is provided in the refrigerant path 12 that forms the injection port 37. Oil is supplied from the passage 14 to the bearing 9. The oil is responsible for both cooling the rotary electric machine and lubricating the bearing 9.

  Since the oil supply path 14 is also provided integrally with the bracket 7, the housing can be fixed while checking the refrigerant path in the rotating electrical machine. In addition, by lubricating the bearing 9 with circulating oil, it is possible to prevent a decrease in reliability due to grease degradation or the like.

  In the third embodiment, the configuration example in which oil is supplied to the bearing 9 has been described.

“Embodiment 4”
A rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, components common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the first embodiment is used for this.

  In FIG. 7, the pump 10 used in the first embodiment is configured to be driven by the rotating shaft 6 via the gear 15.

  By appropriately selecting the number of gears 15, the rotational speed of the pump 10 can be increased or decreased with respect to the rotational speed of the shaft 6. Thereby, for example, when the speed of the shaft 6 is increased by the gear 15, a small pump can be applied, and the rotating electrical machine can be configured compactly. There is also an advantage that the pump can be easily sealed.

  In FIG. 7, the pump is disposed above the shaft 6, but it may be located at the lower or similar horizontal position.

“Embodiment 5”
A rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In the fifth embodiment, components common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the first embodiment is used for this.

  The rotating electrical machine according to the fifth embodiment is a configuration example in which the rotating electrical machine according to the fourth embodiment is devised, and oil is used as a liquid refrigerant.

  In FIG. 8, in the fifth embodiment, oil is used as the liquid refrigerant, and in addition to the configuration of the fourth embodiment, a branch path is provided from the refrigerant path 12, and the oil supply path 14 and the auxiliary oil reservoir 16 toward the gear 15 are provided. Forming. The auxiliary oil sump 16 is connected to the bearing 9, and the oil is also supplied to the bearing 9. In the fifth embodiment, in addition to cooling in the rotating electrical machine by the oil from the refrigerant path 12, the oil from the oil supply path 14 branched from the refrigerant path 12 is responsible for lubrication of the bearing 9 and the gear 15.

“Embodiment 6”
An electric vehicle equipped with a rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the work situation on an inclined ground in an electric vehicle equipped with a rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is an engine room in the electric vehicle equipped with the rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG.

  9 and 10, reference numeral 40 denotes an inclined ground, 41 denotes a traveling body, 42 denotes a turning body, 43 denotes a driver's cab, 44 denotes an engine compartment, 46 denotes an articulated front device, 47 denotes a boom, 48 denotes an arm, and 49 denotes a bucket. , 50 is a rotating electrical machine, 51 is an engine, 52 is a hydraulic pump, 54 is a frame, 56 is a radiator, 57 is a cooling fan, 58 is a crankshaft, 59 is a fan belt, 65 is an internal combustion engine section, 66 is a flywheel, 67 Represents a gear, 68 represents a hydraulic mechanism, 70 represents a suction port, 71 represents a discharge port, 72 represents a sound absorber, 73 represents a muffler, and P represents an air flow (cooling air).

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the electric vehicle (hydraulic excavator) according to the sixth embodiment includes a traveling body 41, a revolving body 42 on the traveling body 41, and a cab provided on the front left side of the revolving body 42. 43, an engine chamber 44 disposed horizontally on the revolving structure 42, and an articulated front device 46 provided at the front of the revolving structure 42 and comprising a boom 47, an arm 48 and a bucket 49. Yes. Further, in response to an operation by an operator in the cab 43, by pressure oil from the engine 51 in the engine chamber 44 and / or the hydraulic pump 52 driven by the rotating electrical machine 50 according to the first to fifth embodiments, The articulated front device 46 is driven.

  Here, the rotating electrical machine 50 mounted on the electric vehicle according to the sixth embodiment is applied to the electric vehicle as a drive source of the hydraulic pump 52 using the structure shown in the first to fifth embodiments. The rotary electric machine 50 is provided with an engine 51 including a flywheel 66 and an internal combustion engine section 65, and a hydraulic pump 52 including a gear 67 and a hydraulic mechanism section 68 with a shaft 6 interposed therebetween. That is, the rotating electrical machine 50 used in the sixth embodiment is configured to be sandwiched between the engine 51 and the hydraulic pump 52. The engine 51 may not be an essential component, and the electric vehicle may be configured by the rotating electric machine 50 and the hydraulic pump 52.

  The engine chamber 44 includes the engine 51, the rotating electrical machine 50 according to the first to fifth embodiments, and the hydraulic pump 52. In addition, the engine chamber 44 includes a radiator 56 that cools the cooling water of the engine 51, and cooling air. A cooling fan 57 that generates P, a suction port 70, a discharge port 71, a sound absorber 72, and a crankshaft 58 and a muffler 73 that transmit the rotation of the engine 51 to the cooling fan 57 are mainly provided.

  As shown in FIG. 9, in the electric vehicle equipped with the rotating electrical machine according to the sixth embodiment, when excavation work is performed on the sloped land 40, the traveling body 41 first rises on the sloped land 40, and then the turning body 42. And the engine chamber 44 is disposed horizontally to perform the operation. In the work example on the inclined ground 40 as shown in FIG. 9, the electric vehicle according to the sixth embodiment is not limited to the circumferential inclination of the shaft (rotating shaft) 6 of the rotating electrical machine 50 but is inclined in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. It may be possible to work. Since the rotating electrical machine 50 is sandwiched between the engine 51 as a heat source and the hydraulic pump 52 and is installed in a high temperature environment, there is a need for a cooling effect for the armature winding 4 of the rotating electrical machine. Even when the rotary electric machine 50 is inclined, a cooling effect similar to that on a flat ground is required.

  In addition, since the electric vehicle according to the sixth embodiment operates in a working environment involving dust and vibration, the rotating electrical machine 50 mounted on the electric vehicle tends to have a high failure frequency. If 1 to 5 rotating electrical machines 50 are mounted, maintenance can be facilitated because only the bracket 7 is removed without disassembling the housing 8 and the pump 10 or the refrigerant path 12 inside thereof is inspected, maintained, and repaired. In addition, the electric vehicle according to the sixth embodiment needs to accommodate the rotating electric machine 50 in a narrow space of the engine chamber 44. If the rotating electric machine 50 according to the first to fifth embodiments is mounted, the pump 10 and the refrigerant path 12 are connected. Since it is built in the bracket 7, the rotating electric machine 50 can be reduced in size, which is convenient for effective use of a narrow space in the engine compartment.

  Embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention described above show configuration examples, and configurations that appropriately change the configuration examples within the scope of the technical idea of the present embodiment are within the scope of the present embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Stator iron core, 2 ... Teeth, 3 ... Slot, 4 ... Armature winding, 5 ... Rotor, 6 ... Shaft, 7 ... Bracket, 8 ... Housing, 9 ... Bearing, 10 ... Pump, 11 ... Liquid reservoir Part, 12 ... refrigerant path, 13 ... secondary refrigerant pipe, 13a ... secondary refrigerant inlet, 13b ... secondary refrigerant outlet, 14 ... oil supply path, 15 ... gear, 16 ... auxiliary liquid reservoir, 17 ... liquid Hole, 35 ... Oil seal, 36 ... Ring, 37 ... Injection port,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 40 ... Slope, 41 ... Running body, 42 ... Revolving body, 43 ... Driver's cab, 44 ... Engine compartment, 46 ... Articulated front device, 47 ... Boom, 48 ... Arm, 49 ... Bucket, 50 ... Rotating electric machine, 51 ... Engine, 52 ... Hydraulic pump, 54 ... Frame, 56 ... Radiator, 57 ... Cooling fan, 58 ... Crankshaft, 59 ... Fan belt, 65 ... Internal combustion engine, 66 ... Flywheel, 67 ... Gear, 68 ... Hydraulic mechanism 70, suction port, 71 ... discharge port, 72 ... sound absorber, 73 ... muffler, P ... air flow (cooling air).

Claims (9)

A rotor having a rotating shaft; a stator core disposed concentrically on the outer peripheral side of the rotor; an armature winding wound around teeth of the stator core; and the stator core on the outer peripheral side thereof And a housing that is disposed at both ends of the housing in the rotation axis direction and holds the bearing of the rotation shaft,
A pump that circulates a liquid refrigerant that cools the armature winding, the stator core, and the rotor, a refrigerant path through which the liquid refrigerant flows, and a reservoir for the liquid refrigerant,
The pump is provided inside the bracket and is detachably disposed on the outer peripheral side of the bearing or on the end side in the rotation axis direction thereof.
The refrigerant path is provided inside the bracket, and an outlet for injecting the liquid refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant path toward the armature winding is provided on an inner end surface of the bracket. A rotating electric machine that is characterized. In claim 1,
A rotating electrical machine comprising a ring provided with the jet nozzle, wherein the ring is detachably attached to the bracket. In claim 1,
The rotating electric machine is characterized in that the power of the pump is obtained from the rotation of the rotating shaft. In claim 1, 2 or 3,
The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the reservoir is disposed below the housing, and a secondary liquid refrigerant pipe for cooling the liquid refrigerant in the reservoir is disposed in the reservoir. In claim 4,
The rotating electrical machine characterized in that the secondary liquid refrigerant flowing through the secondary liquid refrigerant piping is also used as a cooling liquid coolant for other equipment other than the rotating electrical machine. In claim 1, 2 or 3,
Using oil as the liquid refrigerant,
An electric rotating machine comprising: an oil supply path branched from the refrigerant path; and connecting the oil supply path to the bearing to supply the oil to the bearing. In claim 1, 2 or 3,
A rotating electrical machine characterized in that the rotation of the rotating shaft is transmitted to the pump through a gear. In claim 1, 2 or 3,
Transmitting the rotation of the rotating shaft to the pump via a gear;
Oil is used as the liquid refrigerant, an oil supply path branched from the refrigerant path is provided, the oil supply path is connected to the gear and the bearing, and the oil is supplied to the gear and the bearing. Rotating electric machine. A traveling body, a revolving body provided on the traveling body so as to be capable of turning, a driver's cab provided on the revolving body, an engine room disposed on the revolving body, and a front portion of the revolving body. An articulated front device having an arm and a bucket,
In the engine room, the electric rotating machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3 is disposed between the engine and a hydraulic pump for driving the articulated front device. vehicle.