JP6384904B2 - Concrete mixer and raw concrete manufacturing apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a concrete mixer and a fresh concrete manufacturing apparatus using the same, and more particularly to cleaning of a concrete mixer.

  Conventionally, in a batcher plant for producing ready-mixed concrete, a concrete mixer for kneading each material such as gravel as coarse aggregate, sand as fine aggregate, cement, water, and an admixture is used (for example, Patent Document 1).

  The concrete mixer has, for example, a mixer main body and a kneading shaft that is rotatably provided in the mixer main body, and a plurality of blades for kneading the respective materials are attached to the kneading shaft via arms. ing. A motor and a speed reducer for rotationally driving the kneading shaft are provided outside the mixer body.

  In the concrete mixer, each material described above is put into the mixer body, and the kneading shaft is rotated in the circumferential direction by the motor and the speed reducer, so that each material is mixed by the blade. An opening / closing door is formed in the lower part of the mixer body, and the opening / closing door is changed from a closed state to an open state when kneading is completed. As a result, the kneaded material falls downward and is introduced into an agitator vehicle (mixer vehicle) via, for example, a hopper.

  Here, after each material is kneaded, a part of the kneaded material remains by adhering to the inner surface of the mixer body. In particular, the kneaded material that cannot be dropped adheres around the kneading shaft such as the surface of the kneading shaft, the base of the arm, or the front and back surfaces of the blade. If the adhering kneaded material is left as it is, it solidifies and sticks to the inner surface of the mixer main body and the like. After the kneading, the inside of the mixer main body is washed as necessary.

  When washing the inside of the mixer body, for example, a nozzle for injecting high-pressure washing water is arranged in the mixer body, and the kneading shaft is rotated at the same high speed as during kneading. In the conventional concrete mixer, since the kneading shaft is rotated at a high speed during cleaning, even if the high-pressure cleaning water sprayed from the nozzle reaches, for example, around the kneading shaft, the surface bounces off and scatters. Therefore, there has been a problem that the inside of the mixer main body, in particular, the surface of the kneading shaft, the base of the arm, the front and back surfaces of the blade, etc. cannot be effectively cleaned.

JP 2008-290320 A

  The present invention has been conceived under the circumstances described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete mixer that can effectively clean the inside of the mixer body.

A concrete mixer provided by the first aspect of the present invention includes a mixer main body that can store a plurality of materials that are raw materials for ready-mixed concrete, and a mixer main body that is rotatably disposed inside the mixer main body, and mixes the plurality of materials. A substantially cylindrical kneading shaft having a plurality of kneading blades, a kneading shaft driving means for kneading the plurality of materials by the kneading blades by rotating the kneading shaft, and the inside of the mixer body and cleaning means for cleaning by spraying high-pressure washing water, together with the rotationally driving the kneading shaft at a lower rotational speed of the kneading shaft by kneading shaft drive means speed when kneading the plurality of materials , and a low-speed driving means for normal rotation and reverse rotation are made of low-speed driving motor capable, the cleaning means comprises a tubular member capable guides the high-pressure washing water, the tube A nozzle provided at the tip of the member for injecting the high-pressure washing water, and a moving means for moving the tubular member along the direction parallel to the kneading axis so as to be movable forward and backward with respect to the inside of the mixer body; When the inside of the mixer body is cleaned by the cleaning means, when the tubular member enters the inside of the mixer body by the moving means, and withdraws from the inside of the mixer body in time, it characterized by rotating at a speed lower than the rotation speed at the time of kneading the kneaded axis and the direction of rotation of the low-speed driving motor so as to vary, respectively, by the low-speed drive motor.

The concrete mixer of the present invention may further include speed adjusting means for finely adjusting the rotation speed of the kneading shaft by the low-speed drive motor .

In the concrete mixer of the present invention, the kneading shaft driving means includes a motor serving as a driving source, a speed reducer that adjusts the rotational force of the motor and transmits it to the kneading shaft, a rotating shaft of the motor, and a speed reducer. a pulley which is fixed to the rotary shaft, and a belt said spanned between two pulleys are constituted by, before SL low-speed driving motor, may be mounted to the pulley of the speed reducer.

  The ready-mixed concrete manufacturing apparatus provided by the second aspect of the present invention includes the concrete mixer provided by the first aspect of the present invention.

  According to the present invention, when the inside of the mixer main body is cleaned by the cleaning means, the kneading shaft is rotated at a speed lower than the rotation speed at the time of kneading by the low speed driving means (for example, a low speed driving motor). The high-pressure washing water arrives without splashing, and the inside of the mixer body, particularly the surface of the kneading shaft, the base of the arm, the front and back surfaces of the blade, etc. can be washed effectively.

It is a schematic block diagram of the batcher plant to which the concrete mixer which concerns on this invention is applied. It is a front view of the concrete mixer shown in FIG. It is a side view of the concrete mixer shown in FIG. It is a top view of the concrete mixer shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the movement of the nozzle in the inside of a mixer main body. It is a figure which shows the electric constitution regarding washing | cleaning of a concrete mixer. It is a timing chart in automatic washing mode. It is a side view of the concrete mixer which shows the modification of a washing | cleaning apparatus.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration example of a batcher plant as a ready-mixed concrete manufacturing apparatus to which a concrete mixer according to the present invention is applied.

  This batcher plant 1 is an apparatus for producing ready-mixed concrete, and is manufactured by kneading gravel (coarse aggregate), sand (fine aggregate), cement, water, admixture, etc., which are constituent materials of ready-mixed concrete. To do. The batcher plant 1 includes a belt conveyor 2 for transporting the aggregate from a storage silo (not shown) that stores the aggregate. Aggregate conveyed by the belt conveyor 2 is distributed to a plurality of storage bins 4 by a turn chute 3.

  Below the plurality of storage bins 4, a weighing hopper 5 is provided for weighing each material discharged from them. A water storage tank (not shown) for storing water is provided inside the batcher plant 1, and a water measuring hopper 6 for measuring water is provided below the water storage tank.

  Below each weighing hopper 5 is provided a raw material chute 7 for collecting each raw material discharged from each weighing hopper 5, and on the downstream side, the material discharged from the raw material chute 7 and water metering are provided. A concrete mixer 8 for kneading water sent from the hopper 6 is provided. A concrete hopper 9 is provided below the concrete mixer 8, and the concrete hopper 9 inputs the ready-mixed concrete produced by the concrete mixer 8 into an agitator car (mixer car) (not shown).

  The concrete mixer 8 is for kneading gravel, sand, cement, water, an admixture, and the like, and has a mixer body 11 having a desired size as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 indicate a cover that covers a V-belt 19 and the like to be described later. In FIG. 4, the ceiling surface of the mixer body 11 is omitted.

  Two kneading shafts 12 extend in a predetermined direction and are arranged in parallel in the mixer body 11 (see FIG. 4). The two kneading shafts 12 are rotatably supported by the mixer body 11. The kneading shaft 12 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a plurality of arms 13 are fixed to the peripheral surface of the kneading shaft 12. A substantially rectangular blade 14 is attached to the tip of each arm 13. Some of the plurality of blades 14 are formed in an arc shape so that the outer side surfaces are continuous.

  Each kneading shaft 12 is rotationally driven by a drive motor 15 and a speed reducer 16 attached to the side surface of the mixer body 11. The drive motor 15 is a drive source for the rotation of the kneading shaft 12, and the speed reducer 16 is for changing the drive force of the drive motor 15.

  V pulleys 17 and 18 are mounted on the rotating shaft of each drive motor 15 and the rotating shaft of the speed reducer 16, respectively, and a V belt 19 is stretched between the V pulleys 17 and 18. With this configuration, the rotational force of the drive motor 15 is transmitted to the speed reducer 16 via the V pulley 17, the V belt 19, and the V pulley 18, and is transmitted from the speed reducer 16 to the kneading shaft 12.

  The concrete mixer 8 in this embodiment is provided with a low-speed drive motor 20 that is a feature of this embodiment. The low-speed drive motor 20 is capable of rotating the kneading shaft 12 at a speed lower than the rotation speed of the kneading shaft 12 by driving the drive motor 15. The low-speed drive motor 20 is configured by a small electric motor having an output of 0.4 kW, for example, and is mounted on the rotary shaft 18a of the V pulley 18 of the speed reducer 16. The low-speed drive motor 20 in the present embodiment is used during cleaning by a cleaning mechanism 21 described later.

  Although not shown in the figure, the low-speed drive motor 20 is connected to an inverter that varies the rotational speed of the drive shaft, and the rotational speed of the drive shaft of the low-speed drive motor 20 is varied by the inverter as necessary. The That is, the low-speed drive motor 20 can rotate the kneading shaft 12 at a speed lower than the rotation speed by the drive motor 15, and further change the speed to maintain a constant rotation speed. Therefore, the rotational speed of the kneading shaft 12 can be finely adjusted during cleaning, and the cleaning accuracy can be further improved.

  The low-speed drive motor 20 may not be attached to the rotation shaft 18a of the V pulley 18 as long as the kneading shaft 12 can be rotated. The low-speed drive motor 20 may be a hydraulic motor driven by a hydraulic pump instead of a small electric motor, or may be an air motor or a hydraulic motor. When a hydraulic motor, an air motor, or a water pressure motor is employed, the rotational speed of each motor can be varied by adjusting the amount of oil pressure, the amount of air, or the amount of water pressure, for example.

  The cleaning mechanism 21 is for cleaning the inside of the mixer body 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the cleaning mechanism 21 includes a tubular member 22 that guides the high-pressure cleaning water into the mixer main body 11, and a nozzle that is provided at the tip of the tubular member 22 and jets the high-pressure cleaning water in multiple directions. And a cleaning pump 29 (described later) connected to a cleaning water tank (not shown) for supplying high-pressure cleaning water to the tubular member 22. Although not shown, a compressor as an air source for injecting high-pressure washing water from the nozzle 23 is provided in the vicinity of the concrete mixer 8.

  The nozzle 23 is rotatable in the axial direction of the tubular member 22 while being supported at the tip of the tubular member 22. The nozzle 23 is rotated by a nozzle rotating motor 24 provided on the proximal end side of the tubular member 22. The nozzle 23 is housed in a housing portion 25 provided on the side surface of the mixer body 11 at normal time (when not washed).

  The tubular member 22 enters and exits the inside of the mixer main body 11 by an advancing / retreating mechanism 26 provided along the extending direction thereof. The advancing / retreating mechanism 26 is provided so as to extend from one side surface of the mixer main body 11 and has a cylindrical main body 27 having an open lower surface, an annular chain (not shown) movably disposed therein, and a moving chain. And a nozzle moving motor 28 to be moved.

  The tubular member 22 is connected to a part of the chain, and moves so as to move forward and backward with respect to the mixer main body 11 as the chain is moved in the cylindrical main body 27 by the nozzle moving motor 28. . Further, when the cleaning pump 29 is driven, high-pressure cleaning water is supplied to the tubular member 22 and discharged from the nozzle 23. At this time, the nozzle 23 is rotated by the nozzle rotating motor 24 and ejects high-pressure washing water in multiple directions.

  The nozzle 23 is moved to the central position inside the mixer body 11 (see FIG. 5A) and the position near the other end face (see FIG. 5B) during cleaning. As described above, the nozzle 23 moves in the mixer main body 11, whereby high-pressure washing water can be jetted in almost the entire region inside the mixer main body 11.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an electrical configuration relating to cleaning of the concrete mixer 8.

  A control panel (not shown) is provided inside the batcher plant 1 and in the vicinity of the concrete mixer 8, and this control panel includes a control unit 30 shown in FIG. The control unit 30 includes, for example, a sequencer, and controls the cleaning mechanism 21 and the low-speed drive motor 20 during cleaning.

  A cleaning start switch 31 is connected to the control unit 30, and the cleaning start switch 31 is, for example, a push button switch provided on the surface of the control panel. When the cleaning start switch 31 is pressed, a cleaning start signal is input to the control unit 30, thereby starting the cleaning of the concrete mixer 8.

  A cleaning stop switch 32 is connected to the control unit 30, and the cleaning stop switch 32 is a push button switch provided on the surface of the control panel, like the cleaning start switch 31. When the cleaning stop switch 32 is pressed, a cleaning stop signal is input to the control unit 30, thereby stopping the cleaning.

  A low speed drive motor 20 is connected to the control unit 30. When the cleaning start signal from the cleaning start switch 31 is input, the control unit 30 outputs a drive signal to the low-speed drive motor 20, rotates the low-speed drive motor 20, and rotates the kneading shaft 12 at a low speed. The drive signal includes a forward rotation signal and a reverse rotation signal, and the control unit 30 sends the forward rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal to the low-speed drive motor 20 as necessary to rotate the kneading shaft 12 forward and backward. Reverse rotation.

  A nozzle moving motor 28 is connected to the control unit 30. When a cleaning start signal is input from the cleaning start switch 31, the control unit 30 outputs a drive signal to the nozzle moving motor 28, rotates the nozzle moving motor 28, and moves the tubular member 22. The drive signal includes a normal rotation signal and a reverse rotation signal, and the control unit 30 sends the normal rotation signal and the reverse rotation signal to the nozzle moving motor 28 as necessary to move the tubular member 22 forward and backward. Move backwards.

  A nozzle rotating motor 24 and a cleaning pump 29 are connected to the control unit 30. When the cleaning start signal from the cleaning start switch 31 is input, the control unit 30 outputs a drive signal to the nozzle rotating motor 24 and the cleaning pump 29. As a result, the nozzle rotating motor 24 is rotated, the nozzle 23 is rotated, and the cleaning pump 29 is driven to supply high-pressure cleaning water to the tubular member 22. Therefore, high-pressure washing water is sprayed from the nozzle 23 in multiple directions inside the mixer body 11.

  Next, the effect | action regarding washing | cleaning of the concrete mixer 8 is demonstrated. The concrete mixer 8 has an automatic cleaning mode and a manual cleaning mode. Here, the automatic cleaning mode will be described based on the timing chart shown in FIG.

  For example, when the cleaning start switch 31 is pressed by a field worker after kneading by the concrete mixer 8, the control unit 30 recognizes that the cleaning start signal is input from the cleaning start switch 31, and uses the low speed drive motor 20. Cleaning of the concrete mixer 8 is started (see time S in FIG. 7). In this case, the power supply to the drive motor 15 is cut off, and the drive motor 15 is not rotated.

  Specifically, the control unit 30 outputs drive signals to the cleaning pump 29 and the nozzle rotation motor 24 to drive the cleaning pump 29 to supply high-pressure cleaning water to the tubular member 22 and rotate the nozzle 23. . Further, the control unit 30 drives the nozzle moving motor 28 to move the chain of the cylindrical main body 27. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5A, the leading nozzle 23 of the tubular member 22 enters the mixer body 11 (see arrow A). Further, the control unit 30 drives the low speed drive motor 20 to rotate the kneading shaft 12 at a low speed.

  When the nozzle 23 enters the mixer main body 11, the control unit 30 repeatedly advances and stops the tubular member 22 as shown in FIG. 7. That is, when the tubular member 22 is moved forward by a predetermined time t1 (for example, about 30 seconds), the same predetermined time t2 (for example, about 30 seconds) is stopped, and this forward movement and stop are repeated a plurality of times. As a result, the nozzle 23 is moved to a position near the other end face of the mixer body 11 (see arrow B in FIG. 5B). During the first period T1 in which the forward movement and the stop are repeated a plurality of times, the control unit 30 drives the low-speed drive motor 20 in the normal rotation and rotates the kneading shaft 12 at a low speed.

  Thus, in the concrete mixer 8 of this embodiment, the low-speed drive motor 20 is driven to rotate the kneading shaft 12 at a low speed, so that the arm 13 and the blade 14 move in the circumferential direction at a low speed. At this time, the high-pressure washing water is ejected from the nozzle 23 in multiple directions, and reaches the surfaces of the arm 13 and the blade 14 without being repelled. Therefore, the residue of the kneaded material adhering to the surface of the kneading shaft 12, the base of the arm 13, or the surface of the blade 14 is sufficiently removed.

  In addition, since the tubular member 20 repeats advance and stop a plurality of times, high-pressure cleaning water can be intensively sprayed onto the entire surface of the kneading shaft 12, so that the kneading shaft 12 can be effectively cleaned. it can.

  Next, the control unit 30 temporarily stops the low-speed drive motor 20 and the nozzle moving motor 28, and pauses the rotation of the kneading shaft 12 and the movement of the tubular member 22 for the second period T2. In this case, the nozzle rotation motor 24 and the cleaning pump 29 continue to be turned on.

  Thereafter, the control unit 30 reverses the rotation direction of the low-speed drive motor 20 and reverses the kneading shaft 12. Further, the control unit 30 reverses the rotation direction of the nozzle moving motor 28 to reverse the movement direction of the chain in the cylindrical main body 27 and moves the tubular member 22 backward. In the case of this backward movement, similarly to the forward movement, when the vehicle moves backward for a predetermined time t3 (for example, about 30 seconds), it stops at the same predetermined time t4 (for example, about 30 seconds), and this reverse movement and stop are repeated a plurality of times.

  During the third period T3 in which the reverse movement and the stop are repeated a plurality of times, the control unit 30 reverses the low-speed drive motor 20 and rotates the kneading shaft 12 at a low speed.

  Thus, the kneading shaft 12 is reversed and rotated at a low speed while repeating the backward movement and stopping of the tubular member 22, so that not only the surface of the kneading shaft 12 and the base of the arm 13 but also the back surface side of the blade 14 is appropriately Washed. Also in this case, since the kneading shaft 12 rotates at a low speed, the arm 13 and the blade 14 appropriately reach the back surface of the blade 14 without being repelled by the high-pressure washing water ejected from the nozzle 23, and adhere to the kneading. Objects can be removed appropriately.

  The timing chart shown in FIG. 7 is an example, and the cleaning of the concrete mixer 8 is not limited to the control shown in the timing chart. For example, the low-speed drive motor 20 may be reversely rotated during the first period T1 and forwardly rotated during the second period T1. Further, the tubular member 22 may not repeat forward or backward movement and stop, and the times t1 to t4 required for forward or backward movement and stop may be settable.

  The cleaning mechanism 21 in the concrete mixer 8 is provided with two cleaning mechanisms 21 corresponding to the two kneading shafts 12, but each cleaning mechanism 21 may perform a separate operation. For example, when one cleaning mechanism 21 moves forward, the other cleaning mechanism 21 may move backward.

  Although the timing chart of FIG. 7 relates to the automatic cleaning mode, the cleaning mechanism 21 may be used in the manual cleaning mode. For example, the above-described control panel (not shown) is provided with a switch for switching from the automatic cleaning mode to the manual cleaning mode, and switches such as “forward”, “reverse”, and “stop” for setting the operation of the tubular member 22. It has been. When cleaning the inside of the mixer main body 11 in the manual cleaning mode, the operator can perform manual cleaning by operating the above-described switches on the control panel.

  Further, the cleaning mechanism 21 may be a fixed type in which the tubular member 33 and the nozzle 34 are fixed to the side surface of the mixer body 11 as shown in FIG. Also in this cleaning mechanism, the nozzle 34 is rotated by the nozzle rotating motor 35, and the high-pressure cleaning water is ejected from the nozzle 34, so that the inside of the mixer body 11 can be cleaned. In FIG. 8, a partial surface of the mixer body 11 is omitted.

  The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the form, size, quantity, structure, and the like of the batcher plant 1, the concrete mixer 8, the kneading shaft 12, and the cleaning mechanism 21 in the above embodiment are not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately changed in design.

  In this embodiment, instead of the low-speed drive motor 20, a rotary operation tool such as a ratchet wrench that can be operated by an operator, or a driver tool such as an impact driver and a drill driver may be used. For example, the rotary operation tool can be freely attached to the rotary shaft 18a of the V pulley 18, and the kneading shaft 12 can be manually rotated by an operator operating the rotary operation tool.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Batcher plant 8 Concrete mixer 11 Mixer main body 12 Kneading shaft 13 Arm 14 Blade 15 Drive motor 16 Reduction gears 17 and 18 V pulley 19 V belt 20 Low speed drive motor 21 Cleaning mechanism 22 Tubular member 23 Nozzle 24 Nozzle rotation motor 26 Advance / Retreat mechanism 28 Nozzle movement motor 29 Cleaning pump 30 Control unit

Claims (4)

A mixer body capable of accommodating a plurality of raw materials for raw concrete;
A substantially cylindrical kneading shaft that is rotatably arranged inside the mixer body and has a plurality of kneading blades for mixing the plurality of materials;
A kneading shaft driving means for kneading the plurality of materials by the kneading blade by rotating the kneading shaft;
Cleaning means for cleaning the inside of the mixer body by spraying high-pressure cleaning water;
While rotating the kneading shaft at a speed lower than the rotation speed of the kneading shaft by the kneading shaft driving means when kneading the plurality of materials,
Low-speed drive means comprising a low-speed drive motor capable of normal rotation and reverse rotation,
The cleaning means includes
A tubular member capable of guiding the high-pressure washing water;
A nozzle that is provided at a tip of the tubular member and injects the high-pressure washing water;
Moving means for moving the tubular member along the direction parallel to the kneading axis and reciprocating with respect to the inside of the mixer main body,
When the inside of the mixer main body is cleaned by the cleaning means, the low-speed drive is performed when the tubular member enters the mixer main body by the moving means and when the tubular member retreats from the mixer main body. A concrete mixer characterized in that the kneading shaft is rotated at a speed lower than the rotation speed at the time of kneading by the low-speed drive motor so that the rotation directions of the motors are different from each other.   The concrete mixer according to claim 1, further comprising speed adjusting means for finely adjusting a rotation speed of the kneading shaft by the low-speed drive motor. The kneading shaft driving means includes:
A motor serving as a drive source, a speed reducer that changes the rotational force of the motor and transmits it to the kneading shaft, a pulley fixed to the motor rotation shaft and the rotation shaft of the speed reducer, and between the pulleys And a belt stretched over
The concrete mixer according to claim 1, wherein the low-speed drive motor is attached to the pulley of the speed reducer. A ready-mixed concrete production apparatus comprising the concrete mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 .

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