KR20160068565A - Three-dimension printing device - Google Patents

Three-dimension printing device Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160068565A
KR20160068565A KR1020140174455A KR20140174455A KR20160068565A KR 20160068565 A KR20160068565 A KR 20160068565A KR 1020140174455 A KR1020140174455 A KR 1020140174455A KR 20140174455 A KR20140174455 A KR 20140174455A KR 20160068565 A KR20160068565 A KR 20160068565A
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
nozzle
hopper
unit
plastic
nozzle unit
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020140174455A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Inventor
박경태
한진미
전종학
김병일
Original Assignee
주식회사 포스코
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 주식회사 포스코 filed Critical 주식회사 포스코
Priority to KR1020140174455A priority Critical patent/KR20160068565A/en
Publication of KR20160068565A publication Critical patent/KR20160068565A/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/30—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/0003—Moulding articles between moving mould surfaces, e.g. turning surfaces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)

Abstract

In order to easily produce a three-dimensional structure of concrete or plastic through a single device in accordance with the requirements of thermal properties and mechanical strength by using concrete in addition to plastic, there are provided a hopper part in which a material is stored, And a moving part for moving the nozzle part, wherein the hopper part includes a first hopper part for storing the plastic material and a second hopper part for storing the concrete material, The nozzle unit provides a three-dimensional printing apparatus having a structure in which a material is mixed to form a concrete structure or a plastic structure.

Description

[0001] THREE-DIMENSION PRINTING DEVICE [0002]

A three-dimensional printing apparatus capable of using concrete together with plastic is disclosed.

Three-dimensional printing technology is a technique for producing three-dimensional solid objects by stacking liquid type materials.

Three-dimensional prints that can easily make the necessary products in the industrial field and daily life are commercialized and used effectively. At present, 3D printing machines are being released with relatively small models, and the materials used are extremely limited such as plastic, metal, and paper.

The three-dimensional printing apparatus has a structure in which a material is outputted through nozzles, and energy is irradiated such as UV or laser to cure, and the cross section of the model is subdivided into print laminate.

However, it is difficult to produce a product having good thermal and mechanical strength as a material used in a conventional three-dimensional printing apparatus. In order to produce products with thermal properties and mechanical strength, materials such as metal should be used. In this case, the material is expensive and requires a large amount of energy because the material must be processed in liquid form. On the other hand, inexpensive plastic materials have a disadvantage in that their thermal properties and mechanical strength are lowered.

The present invention provides a three-dimensional printing apparatus capable of easily fabricating a three-dimensional structure of concrete or plastic through a single apparatus in accordance with requirements of thermal property and mechanical strength by using concrete in addition to plastic.

The apparatus includes a hopper for storing a material, a nozzle for receiving a material from the hopper to form a solid body, and a moving part for moving the nozzle, wherein the hopper part is configured to store a plastic material A first hopper portion and a second hopper portion in which a concrete material is stored, and the nozzle portion may be a structure that mixes materials to form a concrete structure or a plastic structure.

The nozzle unit may include a nozzle in which a material is accommodated, a mixer installed in the nozzle and kneading the material therein, and a nozzle tip provided in the nozzle to output a material.

The nozzle unit includes a first nozzle unit connected to the first hopper unit to receive plastic and knead it, and a second nozzle unit connected to the second hopper unit to mix and discharge the concrete material .

The first nozzle unit may further include a heating unit for melting the solid plastic supplied to the nozzle into a liquid state.

The first hopper part may include an auxiliary material hopper in which plastic used as an auxiliary material is stored, and a main material hopper in which plastic used as a main material is stored.

The second hopper part may include a water hopper in which water is stored, a cement hopper in which cement is stored, and a sand hopper in which the sand is stored.

The sand hopper can be mixed with gravel.

The second hopper may further include a gravel hopper for receiving gravel.

The second nozzle unit may be connected to a gravel hopper to receive gravel and knead it together.

The apparatus may further include a cleaning unit for cleaning the nozzle unit.

The cleaning unit may include a rotation spray nozzle for spraying wash water into the nozzle unit moved along the moving unit, and a supply pump connected to the rotation spray nozzle for supplying wash water.

The cleaning unit may further include a storage container for storing wastewater discharged from the nozzle unit.

As described above, according to this embodiment, a concrete structure or a plastic structure can be easily and easily manufactured according to requirements of passive and mechanical strength.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms as used herein include plural forms as long as the phrases do not expressly express the opposite meaning thereto. Means that a particular feature, region, integer, step, operation, element and / or component is specified, and that other specific features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / And the like.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a three-dimensional printing apparatus according to this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a hopper for storing a material, a nozzle for receiving a material from the hopper and outputting the material to a work table 70 to form a solid, And a moving part (30) for moving the nozzle part. The hopper part includes a first hopper part (10) in which a plastic material is stored, and a second hopper part (13) in which concrete material is stored.

The first hopper unit 10 may include an auxiliary hopper for storing plastic used as an auxiliary material and a main material hopper for storing plastic used as a main material. The plastic stored in the first hopper part can be received in the form of a solid filament.

The second hopper unit 13 may include a water hopper 14 for storing water, a cement hopper 15 for storing cement, and a sand hopper 16 for storing sand.

In this embodiment, the apparatus 100 can produce a three-dimensional concrete structure. For the production of concrete structures, the sand hopper 16 may be mixed with gravel. Or the second hopper part 13 may further include a gravel hopper 17 for receiving gravel in addition to the sand hopper. In the following description, a gravel hopper 17 is additionally provided in addition to the sand hopper 16 to explain the structure as an example. Accordingly, the mixed material of cement, sand, and gravel can be output through the nozzle unit to produce a concrete solid object. Here, concrete means a mixture of cement, sand and gravel into water.

The first hopper unit 10 and the second hopper unit 13 are connected to the nozzle unit through a supply line to supply respective materials to the nozzle unit. The nozzle portion mixes the material supplied through the supply line to form a concrete structure.

In the present embodiment, the nozzle unit includes a second nozzle unit 50 for outputting a concrete mixture as a main material, and a first nozzle unit 40 for outputting plastic used as an auxiliary material for supporting the outputted concrete.

The first nozzle unit 40 includes a nozzle 42 in which a material is accommodated, a mixer 44 installed in the nozzle and kneading the material therein, a nozzle tip 46 provided in the nozzle to output a material, And a heating unit 48 for melting the solid-phase plastic supplied into the liquid phase. The heating unit 48 may be, for example, an electric heater using electric energy, and is not particularly limited.

The first nozzle unit 40 is connected to the auxiliary hopper 11 through the first supply line 20 to receive plastic supplied as an auxiliary material. Thus, the plastic of the auxiliary hopper is melted and outputted through the nozzle tip 46 to the nozzle 42 of the first nozzle unit 40. [

Plastics output through the first nozzle portion can be used to support the concrete mixture and can be separated from the product after making the three-dimensional concrete product.

The second nozzle unit 50 also includes a nozzle 52 in which a material is accommodated, a mixer 54 installed in the nozzle and kneading the material therein, and a nozzle tip 56 installed in the nozzle to output a concrete mixture do.

The second nozzle unit 50 is connected to both the water hopper 14 and the cement hopper 15, the sand hopper 16 and the gravel hopper 17 through the second supply line 22 to supply water, Sand and gravel. Water, cement, sand, and gravel are mixed and kneaded in the nozzle 52 of the second nozzle unit 50 to be output to the concrete mixture through the nozzle tip 56.

The mixers 44 and 54 are for mixing the materials contained in the nozzles 42 and 52 in the form of a dough, and are variously applicable to the structure for stirring the materials. The mixer is continuously driven during the printing operation to continuously stir the material contained in the nozzle.

In addition, the present apparatus 100 can use plastic instead of concrete as a main material. To this end, the first nozzle unit 40 is structured such that plastic used as a main material is supplied from the main material hopper 12 connected through the first supply line 20. When plastic is used as the main material, the second nozzle unit 50 is not used. The first nozzle unit 40 is supplied with plastic, which is a main material, and plastic, which is an auxiliary material, alternately, and is output onto the work table through the nozzle tip 46. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a plastic structure in addition to the concrete structure, if necessary.

The moving unit 30 moves the first nozzle unit 40 and the second nozzle unit 50 back and forth, right and left, respectively. The moving unit 30 can move the nozzle unit to a desired position using, for example, a configuration of a rail and a motor. In addition, the moving unit 30 may move the first nozzle unit 40 and the second nozzle unit 50 upward and downward to manufacture a three-dimensional object. Since the moving unit 30 has various structures, detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition to the structure in which the nozzle unit moves up and down as described above, a structure in which the output product moves up and down is also applicable. In the case of such a structure, the work table 70 on which the product is placed may be structured such that it is moved up and down.

In this manner, the nozzle unit is moved in the front, back, left and right directions along the horizontal direction, and the work unit 70 moves in the vertical direction, thereby moving the nozzle unit three-dimensionally and outputting stereoscopic products.

The printing apparatus 100 further includes a cleaning unit 80 for cleaning the nozzle unit to prevent plastic or cement from adhering to the inside of the nozzle when the printing operation is interrupted or after the operation.

The cleaning unit 80 includes a rotation injection nozzle for injecting the cleaning water into the nozzle unit moved along the moving unit 30, a supply pump 86 connected to the rotation injection nozzle for supplying the cleaning water, . Further, the pre-cleaning section may further include a storage container 88 for storing waste water discharged from the nozzle section. The cleaning unit is disposed outside the work table 70 so as not to interfere with the work area. The moving part 30 extends to the washing part through the worktable 70 and the first nozzle part 40 and the second nozzle part 50 are moved to the washing part along the moving part 30 when necessary.

The supply pump 86 supplies wash water to each rotary spray nozzle and sprays the high-pressure wash water through the rotary spray nozzle.

The rotary injection nozzle may include two first rotary injection nozzles 82 and a second rotary injection nozzle 84 corresponding to the first nozzle unit 40 and the second nozzle unit 50. [ The first rotary injection nozzle 82 performs cleaning by injecting washing water into the nozzles of the first nozzle unit 40 and the tip of the nozzle and the second rotary injection nozzle 84 is connected to the second nozzle unit 50, And cleaning water is sprayed to the interior of the nozzle tip and the nozzle tip. For example, the rotary injection nozzle rotates in the circumferential direction within the nozzle, and the washing water can be uniformly sprayed on the inner surface of the nozzle.

The residual debris and the treated water removed from the nozzle by the washing water are contained in the storage vessel 88 disposed under the washing unit. Thus, the waste such as cement can be stored in the storage container, and environmental pollution can be minimized.

Hereinafter, a concrete structure for the action of the apparatus will be described as an example.

Water, cement, sand, and gravel are needed as materials for the construction of concrete structures. The water hopper 14, the cement hopper 15, the sand hopper 16 and the gravel hopper 17 supply the material necessary for the concrete structure output.

The first nozzle unit 40 receives plastic through the auxiliary hopper 11, melts it, and agitates well to form a plastic melt as an auxiliary material. The heating unit and the mixer provided in the nozzles of the first nozzle unit 40 continue to heat and stir the cement mixture until the printing operation is completed.

The second nozzle unit 50 receives water, cement, sand and gravel through a water hopper 14, a cement hopper 15, a sand hopper 16, and a gravel hopper 17 and kneads the water, To form a mixture. The mixer installed in the nozzle of the second nozzle unit 50 also continues to stir the concrete mixture until the printing operation is completed.

The first nozzle unit 40 and the second nozzle unit 50 are moved to a desired position according to the operation of the moving unit 30 to perform printing on the work table 70. The plastic output from the nozzle tip 46 of the first nozzle unit 40 is stacked on the work table 70 and the concrete mixture output from the nozzle tip 56 of the second nozzle unit 50 is also placed on the work table 70, . The plastic output from the nozzle tip of the first nozzle unit 40 serves to support the concrete mixture outputted on the work table 70 as a main material.

Each of the nozzle units is connected to the moving unit 30 to be moved back and forth, left and right, and the workbench 70 where printing is performed is also moved up and down to produce a desired three-dimensional concrete structure. After the concrete structure is manufactured, the plastic structure, which is outputted through the first nozzle part and serves as a support, is separated and removed from the concrete structure.

When the concrete structure is finished or the printing operation is stopped, the material remaining in the nozzle is cleaned and removed.

The nozzle portion is moved to the cleaning portion along the moving portion 30, and when the supply pump 86 is driven, the cleaning water is injected into the nozzle through the rotation injection nozzle. The mixture remaining in the nozzle or nozzle tip is cleaned off by the high-pressure washing water. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the plastics or cement paste from sticking and sticking in the nozzle portion.

While the illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, various modifications and alternative embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art. Such variations and other embodiments will be considered and included in the appended claims, all without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.

10: first hopper part 11: auxiliary hopper
12: Main material hopper 13: Second hopper part
14: water hopper 15: cement hopper
16: Sand hopper 17: Gravel hopper
20: first supply line 22: second supply line
30: moving part 40: first nozzle part
42, 52: nozzles 44, 54: mixer
46, 56: nozzle tip 48:
50: second nozzle unit 70: work table
80: Cleaning section 82: First rotary injection nozzle
84: Second rotary injection nozzle 86: Feed pump
88: Storage container

Claims (11)

And a moving unit for moving the nozzle unit, wherein the nozzle unit includes a hopper unit for storing a material, a nozzle unit for receiving a material from the hopper unit and outputting the material to form a solid body,
Wherein the hopper portion includes a first hopper portion in which the plastic material is stored and a second hopper portion in which the concrete material is stored,
Wherein the nozzle unit mixes materials to form a concrete structure or a plastic structure. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the nozzle unit includes a nozzle in which a material is accommodated, a mixer installed in the nozzle and kneading the material therein, and a nozzle tip provided in the nozzle and outputting a material. 3. The method of claim 2,
The nozzle unit may include a first nozzle unit connected to the first hopper unit to receive plastic and knead it, and a second nozzle unit coupled to the second hopper unit to knead the mixed concrete material and output the kneaded mixture. Three-dimensional printing device. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the first nozzle unit further comprises a heating unit for melting the solid-phase plastic supplied to the nozzle into a liquid phase. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the first hopper part includes an auxiliary material hopper in which plastic used as an auxiliary material is stored, and a main material hopper in which plastic is used as a main material. 6. The method of claim 5,
The second hopper includes a water hopper in which water is stored, a cement hopper in which cement is stored, and a sand hopper in which the sand is stored. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the sand hopper is mixed with gravel. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the second hopper portion further comprises a gravel hopper for receiving gravel. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The apparatus further comprises a cleaning section for cleaning the nozzle section. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the cleaning unit includes a rotation spray nozzle for spraying wash water into the nozzle unit moved along the moving unit, and a supply pump connected to the rotation spray nozzle for supplying wash water. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the cleaning unit further comprises a storage container for storing wastewater discharged from the nozzle unit.
KR1020140174455A 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Three-dimension printing device KR20160068565A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106376967A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-08 安徽奥斯博医疗仪器设备有限公司 Printing consumables extrusion device
WO2018136475A1 (en) * 2017-01-17 2018-07-26 University Of Houston System 4-dimensional printing of reinforced concrete
CN109624040A (en) * 2019-01-04 2019-04-16 客来福家居股份有限公司 A kind of paint in gold work base and its method based on controllable rotating technology
CN110103313A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-08-09 中国建筑股份有限公司 A kind of heap aggregate stream slurry 3D printing concrete formation equipment and forming method
KR20190119199A (en) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-22 한국생산기술연구원 Forming method for three-dimensional object using feedstock comprising sublimative composition
KR102030059B1 (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-11-08 한국건설기술연구원 3D Printers for Concrete Specimen
KR20200034027A (en) * 2018-09-13 2020-03-31 인하대학교 산학협력단 The structure and method of nozzle mixing system for 3d printer different material output
US20200284025A1 (en) * 2019-03-06 2020-09-10 Icon Technology, Inc. Systems and methods for the construction of structures
RU209336U1 (en) * 2021-10-25 2022-03-15 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АРКОДИМ" CONSTRUCTION PRINTER EXTRUDER MIXER

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106376967A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-08 安徽奥斯博医疗仪器设备有限公司 Printing consumables extrusion device
WO2018136475A1 (en) * 2017-01-17 2018-07-26 University Of Houston System 4-dimensional printing of reinforced concrete
KR20190119199A (en) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-22 한국생산기술연구원 Forming method for three-dimensional object using feedstock comprising sublimative composition
KR20200034027A (en) * 2018-09-13 2020-03-31 인하대학교 산학협력단 The structure and method of nozzle mixing system for 3d printer different material output
KR102030059B1 (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-11-08 한국건설기술연구원 3D Printers for Concrete Specimen
CN109624040A (en) * 2019-01-04 2019-04-16 客来福家居股份有限公司 A kind of paint in gold work base and its method based on controllable rotating technology
US20200284025A1 (en) * 2019-03-06 2020-09-10 Icon Technology, Inc. Systems and methods for the construction of structures
US10851538B2 (en) * 2019-03-06 2020-12-01 Icon Technology, Inc. Systems and methods for the construction of structures
CN110103313A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-08-09 中国建筑股份有限公司 A kind of heap aggregate stream slurry 3D printing concrete formation equipment and forming method
CN110103313B (en) * 2019-03-26 2023-11-10 中国建筑股份有限公司 Pile aggregate flow slurry 3D printing concrete forming equipment and forming method
RU209336U1 (en) * 2021-10-25 2022-03-15 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АРКОДИМ" CONSTRUCTION PRINTER EXTRUDER MIXER

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