JP6372637B1 - Seed coating agent, coated seed and seed coating method - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a seed coating agent, a coated seed, and a seed coating method capable of suppressing a decrease in germination rate in a seed coated with a seed coating agent containing an iron element. The seed coating agent according to the present invention contains iron element and is used to coat the seed surface, and the detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO to FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the seed coating agent is 1. It is 0 or more and 12 or less. The coated seed according to the present invention has a coating layer formed on the surface with a seed coating containing an iron element, and the detected intensity ratio of Fe to FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer Fe / FeO Is 4.5 or less.

Description

  The present invention relates to a seed coating agent, a coated seed, and a seed coating method, and more particularly to a seed coating agent, a coated seed, and a seed coating method for coating a seed with a coating layer containing an iron element.

  Along with the aging of farmers and the globalization of agricultural product distribution, labor saving in agricultural work and reduction in agricultural production costs are issues to be solved. In order to solve these problems, for example, in paddy rice cultivation, a direct sowing method in which seeds are directly sown in a field is becoming widespread for the purpose of eliminating the trouble of raising seedlings and transplanting. Among them, the technology using seeds coated with iron powder to increase the specific gravity of seeds is attracting attention because it has the merit of preventing floating and outflow of seeds in paddy fields and preventing bird damage (patents) Reference 1).

  However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, the germination rate of the seed may be reduced due to heat generated by the oxidation reaction of the iron powder covering the seed. Moreover, even if it is possible to suppress a decrease in germination rate by radiating heat generated by the oxidation reaction of iron powder, generally, seeds coated with iron powder tend to delay germination for several days. Furthermore, in the technique of sowing the surface of the field by the direct sowing method, depending on the type of iron powder used for the coating, there is a risk that the chances of encountering food damage such as bird damage and rot will increase, and seedling establishment will be reduced.

Therefore, as a method for avoiding germination rate due to oxidation heat generation of iron powder coated on seeds, techniques (iron-based seed coating techniques) using iron oxide (hematite: Fe ₂ O ₃ ) are disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 4. Has been. Further, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for coating seeds with inexpensive iron oxide powder.

Japanese Patent No. 44441645 JP-A-2015-77100 WO / 2015/146869 WO / 2016/013506

Junichi Kitano, Yukinori Nakayama, Yukihide Kanda, “Establishment of seedling of iron oxide powder-coated seeds in paddy rice paddy sowing”, Journal of the Crop Science Society of Japan, Volume 70 (Attachment 2), p. 71-72, 2001

  According to the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 4 and Non-Patent Document 1, an oxidation reaction in coated seeds is achieved by using iron oxide (or iron oxide powder) as a coating agent for coating (coating) seeds. Can prevent heat generation. However, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 4 and Non-Patent Document 1 still have problems with respect to germination delay.

  For this reason, in the iron-based seed coating technique for coating iron oxide on seeds, it has been desired to develop a technique that can prevent oxidation heat generation and suppress a decrease in germination rate.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a seed coating agent, a coated seed, and a seed coating that can prevent oxidation heat generation and suppress a decrease in germination rate in iron-based seed coating technology. It aims to provide a method.

  The inventor obtained the following knowledge as a result of earnest research in order to solve the above problems.

  As a result of investigating the germination rate of coated seeds with various coatings of iron and iron oxide on the seeds, unexpectedly, a certain amount of wustite (FeO) was coated, and the rust composition of the coating layer after oxidizing the coated coating layer was It was found that the coated seeds in a specific range did not decrease the germination rate.

  The present invention is based on the above findings and has the following configuration.

  (1) The seed coating agent according to the present invention contains an iron element and is used to coat the seed surface, and the detected intensity ratio of Fe to FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the seed coating agent is Fe / FeO. Is 1.0 or more and 12 or less.

  (2) The seed coating agent according to (1) above, which contains a binder, and the mass ratio of the binder to the total mass of the iron powder and / or iron oxide powder is 0.1% by mass or more and 33% by mass or less. .

  (3) The coated seed according to the present invention has a coating layer formed on the surface with a seed coating containing an iron element, and the detected intensity ratio of Fe to FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer is Fe / FeO is 4.5 or less.

  (4) The coated seed according to the present invention has a coating layer formed on the surface by the seed coating agent described in (1) above, and the detected intensity of Fe against FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer The ratio Fe / FeO is 4.5 or less.

  (5) The seed coating method according to the present invention is characterized in that seeds are coated using the seed coating agent described in (1) above.

  In the present invention, the seed coating agent used to coat the seed surface contains an iron element, and the detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO to FeO in X-ray diffraction measurement is 1.0 or more and 12 or less. In addition, seedling coated with a seed coating containing an iron element can suppress seeding failure due to oxidative fever and reduction in germination rate, and can stabilize and improve cultivation.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the coating layer of the coated seed can be kept at a sufficient strength.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining coated seeds according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which the detected intensity ratio of Fe to FeO in Fe-FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer of the coated seeds and the above-mentioned coated seeds. It is a graph which shows the relationship with germination delay. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an X-ray diffraction chart.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[Embodiment 1]
The seed coating agent according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention contains an iron element, and is used to coat the surface of dried cocoon (seed meal) as an example of a seed. The detected intensity ratio of Fe to FeO in X-ray diffraction measurement Fe / FeO is 1.0 or more and 12 or less. And the seed coating agent which concerns on this Embodiment 1 contains the iron oxide powder or a mixture of iron oxide powder and iron powder as an iron element. The iron element may be iron contained in iron chloride, iron sulfide, iron nitrate, iron nitride, organic acid iron, or iron phosphate. However, the total of iron oxide and iron powder is preferably 50% by mass or more of the iron compound. An example of the X-ray diffraction chart is shown in FIG.

  In addition, rice is preferably applied as the seed covering the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment. There are no particular varieties of rice, and any of japonica rice, indica rice, and jabonica rice can be applied. Since rice is often cultivated in paddy fields, the effects of the present invention can be exhibited.

  Next, the configuration of the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment will be specifically described.

<Iron powder>
The iron powder used for the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment does not particularly define the particle diameter, but the iron powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less is 80% by mass or more (preferably with respect to the total iron powder mass). 100%) is preferable because a uniform coating layer can be formed on the seed surface. In addition, the particle size distribution of iron powder can be evaluated by sieving using the method defined in JIS Z2510-2004. Moreover, the lower limit of the particle diameter of the iron powder is usually 1 μm or more in terms of average particle diameter.

  Moreover, the seed coating agent which concerns on this Embodiment 1 does not prescribe | regulate the usage-amount of iron powder in particular. About a minimum, 5 mass% or more is preferable as a mass ratio with respect to a seed meal, More preferably, it is 10 mass% or more. About an upper limit, 800 mass% or less is preferable, More preferably, it is 500 mass% or less.

  In addition, as iron powder used in this Embodiment 1, what was manufactured by the reduction method manufactured by reduce | restoring a mill scale and the atomizing method manufactured by injecting water or gas to molten steel at high speed is illustrated.

  Furthermore, as iron powder, pure iron, alloy iron powder, and other metal powders and mixtures with metal compounds can be applied. The metal iron component in the metal powder is preferably 50% by mass or more, and more preferably 70% by mass or more from the viewpoint of rust generation in the coating layer when the seed is coated. Examples of other metal powders and metal compounds include powders such as Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Mo, Cu, Na, and K.

<Iron oxide powder>
The iron oxide powder used for the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment is preferably composed mainly of wustite (FeO). It is preferable from the viewpoint of the effect of the present invention that wustite contained in the iron oxide powder is 50% by mass or more, and more preferably 70% by mass or more. Moreover, since it is preferable that there is much content of wustite, a preferable upper limit is 100%. Furthermore, from an economical viewpoint, mill scale is preferably applicable as the iron oxide powder according to the present invention.

  Further, the iron oxide powder according to the first embodiment does not particularly regulate the particle diameter. An iron oxide powder of 150 μm or less is preferably 80% by mass or more (preferably 100%) of the total iron oxide powder mass, so that a uniform coating layer can be formed on the seed surface. In addition, the particle size distribution of iron oxide powder can be evaluated by sieving using the method defined in JIS Z2510-2004, as with the above-described iron powder. Moreover, the lower limit of the particle diameter of the iron oxide powder is usually 1 μm or more in terms of average particle diameter.

<Coating composition>
As described above, the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment includes iron oxide powder, or a mixture of iron oxide powder and iron powder as an iron element, and the FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the seed coating agent. The Fe detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO is 1.0 or more and 12 or less. Moreover, the oxygen in the iron powder used for the seed coating agent can be evaluated from the peak intensities of Fe, FeO, Fe ₃ O ₄ , Fe ₂ O ₃ and FeOOH in the X-ray diffraction measurement.

  Here, X-ray diffraction measurement means that a sample having a crystal structure is irradiated with X-rays, the angle difference (diffraction angle) between the diffraction direction and the incident direction of X-rays diffracted from the sample, and the diffracted X-ray intensity. By measuring (diffraction intensity), the component of the sample is identified and quantified.

  In the X-ray diffraction measurement of the present invention, X-rays are irradiated using a seed coating as a measurement sample, and the detected intensity of FeO and Fe is measured from the diffraction angle and diffraction intensity peak of the X-ray diffracted in the measurement sample. Then, the detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO of FeO with respect to Fe is obtained. The specific measurement conditions employ the conditions described in the examples.

  And when the detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the seed coating agent according to Embodiment 1 exceeds 12, the rust composition of the seed coating agent coated on the seed is not preferable, and the germination rate is reduced. Bring. On the other hand, if the detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO is in the range of 1.0 or more and 12 or less, the strength of the coating layer coated on the seed is maintained and the germination rate is improved. The lower limit is preferably 2.0 or more. The upper limit is preferably 10 or less.

  The range of the detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the seed coating agent according to the present invention has been demonstrated in the examples described later.

  The detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement that is the composition of the seed coating agent is, for example, a ratio of mixing mill scale, reduced iron powder, atomized iron powder, and reduction of the mill scale as appropriate. It can be controlled. For example, if the mixing ratio of reduced iron powder and / or atomized iron powder is increased, the value of Fe / FeO tends to increase, and if the mixing ratio of mill scale is increased, the value of Fe / FeO tends to decrease.

  Further, the seed coating agent according to the present invention may contain only iron oxide powder without containing iron powder as long as the detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO is in the range of 1.0 or more and 12 or less. . Moreover, in the case of a mixture of iron powder and iron oxide powder, the iron oxide powder in this mixture is preferably 16% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less.

  The reason why it is possible to prevent a decrease in germination rate of seeds coated with the seed coating agent by setting the detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the seed coating agent according to the present invention to the above specific range. However, it is thought as follows.

Seed germination is caused by contact of seeds with water under aerobic conditions. Here, if a large amount of Fe is present in the seed coating layer at the time of germination, the Fe is oxidized and takes a large amount of oxygen, so that germination is delayed. However, if a part of Fe is present as FeO in the coating layer, Fe remaining in the coating layer is reduced, so that the consumption of oxygen due to the oxidation reaction is reduced, and as a result, a reduction in germination rate is prevented. It is speculated that it is possible. In addition, FeO is less likely to be oxidized under water-oxidized conditions, and is presumed not to interfere with seed germination because it exists in islands in the coating layer and serves as a vent. On the other hand, when other forms of rust such as iron hydroxide and Fe ₂ O ₃ are mixed in the iron powder, the properties are the same as rust generated from Fe (metal) (iron hydroxide, Fe ₂ O ₃ etc.). It is considered that the seeds are likely to be in an oxygen deficient state due to dense integration.

<Iron-based components>
As described above, the seed coating agent according to the present invention contains iron oxide powder or a mixture of iron oxide powder and iron powder as an iron element. The ratio of the iron oxide powder or the mixture in the case of not containing the iron powder in the whole seed coating agent is preferably 50% or more and 100% or less.

  Furthermore, the seed coating agent according to the present invention may include a binder and a third component described below.

<Binder>
The binder contained in the seed coating agent according to the present invention is preferably sulfate and / or chloride. Sulfates are calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and hydrates thereof. Moreover, a chloride is potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and these hydrates. In the seed coating agent according to the present invention, calcined gypsum (calcium sulfate 1/2 hydrate) is particularly preferably used as the binder.

  The amount of the binder used is not particularly specified, but the mass with respect to the total mass of iron powder and / or iron oxide powder contained in the seed coating agent in order to facilitate the progress of rust when coated on the seed. The ratio is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 33% by mass or less.

  Further, the average particle size of the binder is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 150 μm.

  The reason why the average particle size of the binder is preferably within the above range is as follows.

  When the average particle diameter of the binder is less than 1 μm, agglomerated particles generated during the coating operation of the seed coating agent containing the binder are increased, and the workability is remarkably lowered to remove this. On the other hand, when the average particle size of the binder exceeds 150 μm, the adhesive force to the iron powder decreases, and the strength of the coating layer (coating film) tends to decrease.

<Third component>
The seed coating agent according to the present invention may contain a third component to such an extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and the content of the third component is 30% by mass or less of the seed coating agent. Is preferred.

  Examples of the third component include nutrients such as fertilizers, agricultural chemicals, binders other than sulfates and / or chlorides, and the like.

<Coating amount>
The coating amount of the seed coating agent on the seeds is not particularly defined, but can be 5 to 800 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the dried seeds. Furthermore, it can adjust suitably in order to acquire sufficient anchor effect, and about 10 mass parts or more is preferable about a minimum. The upper limit is preferably 500 parts by mass or less.

Next, a seed coating method using the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment will be described below.

  The seed coating method according to the first embodiment uses the seed coating agent according to the present invention described above, and there is no particular limitation on the means for coating the seed coating agent on the seed. For example, as shown in the “Iron coating direct sowing manual sowing manual 2010 (edited by the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Kinki Shikoku Agricultural Research Center), manual coating (coating), Any of the known mixers may be used.

  Further, when the seed coating agent is coated using a mixer, the mixer may be a stirring blade mixer (such as a Henschel mixer) or a container rotating mixer (such as a V-shaped mixer, a double cone mixer, or a tilt-rotating pan type). Mixers, rotary mulberry mixers, etc.) can be used.

  As a specific method of coating seeds with the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment, iron oxide powder, iron powder, a binder, and seeds are put into the above mixer and sprayed with water. The thing which operates a mixer is mentioned.

  In this way, the iron powder coated on the seed rusts (oxidizes) in the coating layer on the surface of the seed, and the iron powder and iron oxide powder are combined with each other by the rust. Be strong.

  At this time, since the seed coating agent contains iron oxide powder, heat generation due to the oxidation reaction of the coating layer is suppressed.

  As described above, according to the seed coating agent and the seed coating method according to the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent a decrease in germination rate of the seed due to oxidation heat generation in the iron element coating layer included in the seed coating agent, and to reduce a germination rate. It is possible to suppress the seedling failure due to, and to stabilize and improve cultivation.

  Furthermore, according to this Embodiment 1, the said coating layer can be kept at sufficient intensity | strength by the rust formed by the oxidation reaction of the iron element contained in a covering seed.

[Embodiment 2]
In the coated seed according to the second embodiment, a coating layer is formed on the surface of the seed by the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above. In the X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer, The detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO to FeO is 4.5 or less. The detection intensity ratio is preferably 3.7 or less, more preferably 2.2 or less. By making it into a preferable range, and more preferable range, a decrease in germination rate is reduced, which is more preferable. The lower limit of the detection intensity ratio is not particularly defined, but is preferably 0.01 or more, and more preferably 0.02 or more, since the coating layer strength is improved.

  When the seed coating agent is coated on the seed to form the coated seed according to the present invention, the rusting condition is particularly defined if the detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO of the coating layer of the formed coated seed can be 4.5 or less. However, the period for forming the coating layer by generating rust is preferably 6 hr or more and 1 week or less, and more preferably 12 hr or more and 3 days or less.

  The coating layer of the coated seed according to the present invention means that after the seed coating agent is attached to the seed, the iron powder contained in the seed coating agent rusts and the iron powders are bonded together by rust, and the surface of the seed It is formed. Further, the detected intensity ratio of Fe to FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer is Fe / FeO, which is obtained when X-ray diffraction measurement is performed on the coating layer formed on the seed surface by scraping the coating layer. It is the ratio of each peak intensity.

  The powder of the coating layer used for the X-ray diffraction measurement is, for example, a method in which the coated seeds are passed through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 2 mm, and the coated seeds are rubbed together to peel the coating layer. It can be prepared by sieving with a sieve to obtain a powder of 150 μm or less. However, crushing and sieving can be omitted if measurement is possible. If there are no restrictions on the apparatus, the coated seed can be directly attached to the X-ray diffraction apparatus for measurement.

  In addition, as described above, the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment has a detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO to FeO of 1.0 to 12 in the X-ray diffraction measurement in the seed coating agent. In contrast, in the coated seed according to the second embodiment, the detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO of Fe / FeO to FeO of the coating layer formed on the surface of the seed is 4.5 or less, and these detected intensity ratios There is a difference in the value of. This difference is because, in the coating layer formed on the surface of the seed, the iron powder contained in the seed coating agent is rusted, so that the detection strength of Fe decreases.

  Furthermore, the coated seeds according to the present invention are not limited to those in which a coating layer is formed on the seed surface using the seed coating agent according to the first embodiment, and iron oxide and / or iron are coated on the seed surface. As long as the ratio of detected Fe to FeO obtained by X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer formed in this way is Fe / FeO of 4.5 or less, the seed coating agent used for the coated seed is not particularly limited. Absent.

  Even in the case of coating with a seed coating agent containing Fe and FeO different from that shown in Embodiment 1, the number of water sprays, the amount of water spray, the temperature, the humidity, the rusting time is appropriately changed, and the coated seeds after drying It is possible to control the detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO in the coating layer so as to be 4.5 or less without great difficulty, and is within the scope of the present invention. For example, if the number of water spraying, the amount of watering is less, the condition of rusting is shorter, the temperature, the humidity is changed to a lower condition, Fe / FeO becomes larger, the number of watering, the condition of more watering, If the rusting time is changed to a longer condition, and the temperature and humidity are changed to a higher condition, Fe / FeO becomes smaller.

  In addition, the range of the detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer of the coated seed according to the present invention has been demonstrated in Examples described later.

  As described above, according to the coated seed according to the second embodiment, it is possible to suppress a decrease in germination rate of the seed coated with the seed coating agent containing the iron element, and to stabilize and improve cultivation by suppressing poor seedling establishment. Can be realized.

  An experiment was conducted to confirm the effect of the present invention, which will be described below.

  In the experiment, rice seeds were coated using the seed coating agent according to the present invention, and an evaluation test of the coating layer was performed.

  The coating (coating) of the seed coating agent was performed according to the method described in the above-mentioned “Iron coating direct sowing manual sowing manual 2010”. Specifically, it is as follows.

  First, seeds (dried rice cake) and a seed coating agent were prepared. In this example, two types of seed coating agents were used: a seed coating agent 1 containing iron oxide powder as an iron element, and a seed coating agent 2 consisting only of a binder.

  Next, the seed coating agent 1 is coated several times on 100 g of seeds while spraying an appropriate amount of water using an inclined rotary bread mixer, and then the seed coating agent 2 is divided into several times. Coated. After coating, the coated seeds coated with various child coating agents were placed in a cup and allowed to stand overnight. Thereafter, water was sprayed on the coated seeds as appropriate, and the coated seeds were allowed to stand overnight, and then spread thinly on a vat and dried to produce coated seeds.

  In the present Example, it experimented by changing the kind and usage-amount of the iron oxide powder which are the raw materials of the seed coating material 1, iron powder, and a binder.

  Table 1 shows the types and contents of each raw material contained in the seed coating used in the experiment, Tables 2 to 4 show the types of each raw material used in the seed coating (Table 2: Iron powder, Table 3: Iron oxide) Powder, Table 4: binder).

  Four types of A1 to A4 shown in Table 2 are used for the iron powder of the seed coating agent 1, and five types of B1 to B5 shown in Table 3 are used for the iron oxide powder, and the binder of the seed coating agent 1 is used. Five types of C1 to C5 shown in Table 4 were used, and one type of C1 shown in Table 4 was used as the binder for the seed coating agent 2.

  In Table 1, invention examples 1-14 change the kind and usage-amount of the iron powder, iron oxide powder, and binder which are contained in the seed coating agent 1, FeO in the X-ray-diffraction measurement of the said seed coating agent. The detection intensity ratio of Fe to Fe / FeO (hereinafter, the detection intensity ratio of Fe to FeO in X-ray diffraction measurement is referred to as “X-ray diffraction detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO”) is within the scope of the present invention. The X-ray diffraction detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO of the coating layer is 4.5 or less which is within the scope of the present invention.

  In this example, as a comparison target, an experiment was also performed on coated seeds coated with the seed coating agents of Comparative Examples 2 to 9 shown in Table 1.

  In Table 1, Comparative Examples 2 to 9 are included in the seed coating 1 so that the X-ray diffraction detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO is out of the scope of the present invention for both the seed coating 1 and the coating layer. The type and amount of iron powder and iron oxide powder used are adjusted.

  Moreover, the comparative example 1 shown in Table 1 does not coat | cover neither of the seed coating agents 1 and 2, and was made to remain a seed.

  In addition, as shown in Table 1, the seed coating agent 2 used in Invention Examples 1 to 11 and 14 and Comparative Examples 2, 3, 6, 8, and 9 is a binder C1 (calcium sulfate 0.5 hydrate). Content was 2.5 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of seeds.

  The coated seeds according to Invention Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 2 to 9 were subjected to X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer, coating layer strength, germination rate, and germination delay evaluation test. These evaluation tests were performed as follows.

  In the X-ray diffraction measurement test, X-ray diffraction of the seed coating agent 1 and the coating layer of the coated seed was measured.

  The seed coating agent was measured with a powder that was passed through a sieve having an opening of 150 μm. Further, the coating layer of the coated seed was measured using a powder obtained by peeling the coating layer by passing the coated seed through a sieve having an opening of 2 mm and rubbing the coated seeds, and pulverizing the peeled seed.

  For the measurement of X-ray diffraction, an X-ray diffraction measurement apparatus (Rigaku Flex RU-300 manufactured by Rigaku Corporation) was used, and the used X-ray Cu-Kα was used. Here, the peak intensities (X-ray diffraction detection intensities) of Fe and FeO in the seed coating agent and the coating layer are lattice spacing d value (angstrom) Fe: d value 2.02, FeO: d value 2.14. Measured.

  In the coating layer strength test, first, 100 g of the coated seeds were shaken for 1 minute with a low-tap type sieve shaker using a sieve having an opening of 2 mm, and the mass reduction rate of the coated seeds was measured. Then, based on the measured mass reduction rate, the coating layer strength was determined as follows: “： １”: 1% or less, “◯”: 1% to 5% or less, “Δ”: 5% to 20% or less, “×” : Determined to exceed 20%.

  In the germination rate and germination delay test, 50 coated seeds were placed on wet filter paper in a petri dish, covered and stored in a thermostatic bath at 25 ° C., and germination was observed every day. Moreover, in order to use it as the reference | standard which evaluates the germination delay of a coated seed, germination was observed also about the uncoated seed (comparative example 1) similarly to the coated seed.

  The germination rate was the ratio of germination from the start of observation to 2 weeks later, and the number of days of germination delay was defined by the following formula.

[Delayed germination] = [Number of days germinated 25 grains or more]-[Number of days germinated 25 grains or more among uncoated seeds]

In FIG. 1, the measurement result of the X-ray diffraction test of the coating layer of a coated seed is shown.

  From FIG. 1, when the X-ray diffraction detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO of the coating layer exceeds 4.5, the germination delay is more than 1.5 days, whereas the X-ray diffraction detection intensity ratio Fe / FeO is 4. In the case of 5 or less, germination delay is 1.5 days or less, and it can be seen that the reduction in germination rate is improved.

  The above-mentioned test results are summarized in Table 1 described above.

  From Table 1, in Invention Examples 1 to 14, the germination rate is 80 to 98%, and the germination delay is 1.5 days or less. In particular, in Invention Examples 4 to 14, no germination delay is observed, The same result as in Comparative Example 1 in which the seed coating agent was not coated was obtained. In addition, the coating layer strength was a result of having sufficient strength.

  On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 2 to 7, the germination delay was 2 days, and the germination rate was reduced. Furthermore, in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the germination rate was low due to oxidation heat generation, and in Comparative Examples 5 and 6, sufficient coating layer strength was not obtained.

  In Comparative Examples 4 to 9, it was determined that the coating layer strength was insufficient and the predetermined effect in the present invention could not be obtained.

As described above, according to the seed coating agent, the coated seed, and the seed coating method according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the germination rate and germination rate of the seed, and that the coated coating layer has sufficient strength. Proven. Thereby, the seedling start defect of the covered seed can be suppressed, and the stabilization and improvement of cultivation can be realized.

Claims (5)

A seed coating agent containing elemental iron and used to coat the seed surface,
A seed coating agent in which the detected intensity ratio Fe / FeO of Fe to FeO in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the seed coating agent is 1.0 or more and 12 or less.   The seed coating agent according to claim 1, comprising a binder, wherein a mass ratio of the binder to the total mass of the iron powder and / or iron oxide powder is 0.1 mass% or more and 33 mass% or less. A coated seed having a coating layer formed on the surface by a seed coating agent containing iron element,
A coated seed having an Fe / FeO detected intensity ratio of Fe / FeO of 4.5 or less in X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer. A coated seed having a coating layer formed on the surface by the seed coating agent according to claim 1,
A coated seed having an Fe / FeO detected intensity ratio of Fe / FeO of 4.5 or less in X-ray diffraction measurement of the coating layer.   A seed coating method for coating seeds using the seed coating agent according to claim 1.