JP2018117548A - Production method of coated seed, and dissemination method of coated seed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a production method of coated seeds and a dissemination method of the coated seeds, which can efficiently grow seeds while suppressing bird injury and furthermore reducing cost.SOLUTION: In a production method of a coated seed, a prescribed seed is coated with a mixture obtained by mixing at least either steel-making slag containing at least CaO as much as 25 mass% or more and 50 mass% or less and SiOas much as 8 mass% or more and 30 mass% or less, or blast-furnace slag, Fe simple substance, and water, in which the content of the Fe simple substance to the solid portion whole mass is over 0 mass% and below 20 mass%.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing coated seeds and a method for sowing coated seeds.

  With the aging of farmers, it is important to save labor in farm work. For example, in paddy rice cultivation, a direct sowing method in which seeds of paddy rice are directly sown in a rice field is becoming widespread for the purpose of saving labor for raising seedlings and transplanting. At this time, if various plant seeds including paddy rice seeds are directly sown in the cultivation area, the possibility of bird damage that such seeds are eaten by birds increases. Therefore, an attempt has been made to prevent floating and outflow of seeds in the paddy fields and bird damage by covering the paddy rice seeds with iron powder, particularly for the paddy rice seeds (for example, Patent Document 1 below) See).

  On the other hand, in order to suppress seed floating and outflow in paddy fields and improve seedling establishment, attempts have been made to coat seeds with a molybdenum compound or a tungsten compound (see, for example, Patent Document 2 below). ).

JP 2012-70728 A JP 2012-239594 A JP-A-2006-136661

  However, when the seeds of plants such as paddy rice are coated with iron powder as disclosed in Patent Document 1, metal iron constituting the iron powder generates heat due to oxidation, which may impair the seed development. It became clear that it was expensive. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the amount of iron that can be oxidized as much as possible and to coat with another coating material that generates little heat. It can be expected that the germination rate is improved by reducing the temperature damage due to heat generation caused by the oxidation of iron.

  Here, in the case of iron powder coating as disclosed in Patent Document 1, in order to reduce damage caused by heat generation, processing such as once thinly spreading and naturally cooling is performed, and the processing is completed. It takes a lot of time and space, which is also a factor in increasing costs.

  On the other hand, in Example 5 of Patent Document 2, the seeds coated with the mixture obtained by adding gypsum to the iron powder and the seeds coated with the mixture obtained by adding the molybdenum compound to the iron powder were each subjected to the coating treatment. Seed surface temperature has been reported. Specifically, it has been reported that heat generation due to oxidation of iron during seed coating is suppressed by about 5 ° C. to 10 ° C. by addition of a molybdenum compound. Is shrinking.

  However, since the iron powder disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the molybdenum compound and tungsten compound disclosed in Patent Document 2 are relatively expensive coating materials, respectively, iron powder, molybdenum compound, or If a coating material mainly composed of a tungsten compound is used, the material cost will increase.

  In addition, when iron is added to a fine particle diameter, metallic iron dissolves and hydrates to form iron hydroxide when water is added, and can form a dense iron rust to cover the seed. However, since there is almost no space between the iron powders due to being dense, such a coating serves as a barrier when oxygen and water reach the seeds existing inside the coating from the outside of the coating. End up. As a result, there is a concern that the supply of oxygen necessary for respiration of seeds and the supply of water necessary for germination will be insufficient.

  On the other hand, in the said patent document 3 which is disclosing about a seed coating material, the effect that slag is used as a seed coating material is disclosed, and steel slag or iron-making slag is mentioned as an example of slag. However, the slag that is specifically verified in Patent Document 3 is only slag (sewage sludge molten slag) obtained by melting and cooling sewage sludge and the like. Verification has not been performed.

  Moreover, in the said patent document 3, in order to coat | cover slag, the binder is used. According to the verification by the present inventors, even if the seeds are coated using a powdered sewage sludge slag, the sewage sludge molten slag alone has no property of solidifying, and is disclosed in Patent Document 3 above. In the case of using slag as a seed coating material, it is necessary to use a substance having a caking property such as gypsum as a binder. The iron powder disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like is solidified by oxidation, so that the binder is not an essential component. However, in Patent Document 3, since the binder is essential, the material cost is low. There is concern about the rise.

  Further, in the sewage sludge molten slag used in Patent Document 3, there is a possibility that harmful heavy metals derived from sewage may be mixed, and there is a concern that harmful heavy metals are absorbed and accumulated in the germinated plant body.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to suppress seed damage and to efficiently grow seeds while further reducing costs. Another object is to provide a method for producing coated seeds and a method for sowing seeds.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have been able to obtain knowledge about the content of metallic iron that does not impair the growth of seeds, and have completed the present invention. .
The summary of this invention completed based on the said knowledge is as follows.

(1) Steelmaking slag containing at least 25% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less of CaO and 8% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less of SiO ₂ or at least one of blast furnace slag, Fe alone, A method for producing coated seeds obtained by coating predetermined seeds with a mixture obtained by mixing water with a mixture in which the amount of the single element of Fe is more than 0% by mass and less than 20% by mass with respect to the total mass of the solid content .
(2) The method for producing a coated seed according to (1), wherein the porosity of the coating layer by the mixture is 17 to 50%.
(3) The mixture further includes a Mo-containing compound, and the total of the Mo-containing compounds is more than 0% by mass and 10% by mass or less based on the total solid content of the mixture. The method for producing coated seeds according to 2).
(4) The steelmaking slag comprises 25% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less of CaO, 8% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less of SiO ₂ , 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of MgO, and 1% by mass or more of 25%. 100% by mass in total of at least one of Al ₂ O _{3 of not} more than mass%, Mn of not less than 1% by mass and not more than 8% by mass, and P ₂ O _{5 of not} less than 0.1% by mass and not more than 5% by mass. The manufacturing method of the coated seed as described in any one of (1)-(3) contained so that it may become below.
(5) The steelmaking slag is any one or both of converter steelmaking slag and / or electric furnace steelmaking slag, which is at least one of dephosphorization slag or decarburization slag, or any one of (1) to (4) The manufacturing method of the coated seed as described in one.
(6) The blast furnace slag includes 35% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less of CaO, 25% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less of SiO ₂ , 2% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less of MgO, and 8% by mass or more and 20% by mass or more. The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of (1) to (5), comprising at least one of Al ₂ O _{3 of not} more than mass% so that the total is not more than 100 mass%.
(7) The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the steelmaking slag is a steelmaking slag that passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 600 μm.
(8) The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the blast furnace slag is a blast furnace slag that passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 600 μm.
(9) The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the blast furnace slag is a blast furnace slag that passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm.
(10) The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the blast furnace slag is granulated blast furnace slag.
(11) The coated seed according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the mixture further includes at least one selected from the group consisting of coal ash, gypsum, iron powder, and cement. Manufacturing method.
(12) The coal ash is 1% by mass to 10% by mass CaO, 40% by mass to 75% by mass SiO ₂ , 2% by mass to 20% by mass Fe ₂ O ₃ , and 15% by mass. The method for producing a coated seed according to (11), wherein at least one of Al ₂ O _{3 in} an amount of not less than 35% and not more than 35% by mass is contained so that the total is not more than 100% by mass.
(13) The method for producing a coated seed according to (11) or (12), wherein the coal ash is coal ash that passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm.
(14) The content of the coal ash in the mixture is 0 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less with respect to the total solid content mass of the mixture, as described in any one of (11) to (13). A method for producing coated seeds.
(15) The ratio of the water in the mixture is 10% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less of the coated seed according to any one of (1) to (14) with respect to the total mass of the mixture. Production method.
(16) The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of (1) to (15), wherein the water is water containing 10% by mass to 50% by mass of waste molasses.
(17) The seed according to any one of (1) to (16), wherein the seed is a seed of a plant cultivated in a flooded state or a seed of a plant cultivated in a non-flooded state. A method for producing coated seeds.
(18) The method for producing a coated seed according to (17), wherein the seed of the plant cultivated in the flooded state is a grass seed.
(19) The method for producing a coated seed according to (18), wherein the seed of the Gramineae plant is a rice seed.
(20) The method for producing a coated seed according to (17), wherein the seed of the plant cultivated in a state where the water is not flooded is a gramineous plant.
(21) The method for producing a coated seed according to (17), wherein the seeds of the plant cultivated in a non-flooded state are legumes, laceae plants, edible herbaceous plants, or useful plant seeds.
(22) The method for producing coated seeds according to (20), wherein the seeds of the Gramineae plant are upland rice seeds, corn seeds, or wheat seeds.
(23) The seed of the leguminous plant is soybean seed or azuki bean seed, the seed of the podaceae plant is buckwheat seed, the seed of the edible herbaceous plant is carrot seed, tomato seed, or The method for producing a coated seed according to (21), wherein the seed is a sugar beet seed, and the seed of the useful plant is a turf seed, a pasture seed, a green fertilizer plant seed, or a flowering tree seed.
(24) The coated seed according to any one of (1) to (23), wherein at least any one of a disinfectant, an insecticide, and a herbicide is attached to the surface of the seed coated with the mixture. Production method.
(25) The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of (1) to (24), wherein an alginic acid compound is infiltrated into the surface of the seed coated with the mixture.
(26) The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of (1) to (25), wherein the seed is a seed coated with starch.
(27) A coated seed produced by the method for producing a coated seed according to any one of (1) to (26), wherein the coated seed is directly sown on a cultivation site for cultivating the coated seed. Sowing method.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently grow seeds while suppressing bird damage and further reducing costs.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

(About the structure of coated seeds)
First, the structure of a coated seed manufactured by the method for manufacturing a coated seed according to an embodiment of the present invention will be briefly described.

  The coated seed according to the present embodiment includes at least one of steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag, and has a coating layer that covers the surface of a predetermined seed. In addition to the iron oxide contained in steelmaking slag or blast furnace slag, this coating layer is derived from Fe alone that steelmaking slag can contain, or Fe alone added separately from steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag. Iron oxide may be present.

<About components that can adhere to the surface of the coating layer>
At least any of a disinfectant, an insecticide, or a herbicide may adhere to the surface of the coating layer according to the present embodiment. With these drugs attached to the surface of the coating layer, the medicinal effect of the corresponding drug is realized on the soil where the coated seeds are sown and the coated seeds themselves.

  Here, the disinfectant that can be attached to the surface of the coating layer is Thiraum, Isotianil, Frametopil, Etaboxam, 2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy) methyl] -α-methoxy-N-methyl-benzeneacetamide, Benomyl Or one or more selected from the group consisting of oxolinic acid, probenazole, thiazinyl, pyroxylone and diclosimet.

  Further, the insecticide capable of adhering to the surface of the coating layer is at least one selected from the group consisting of clothianidin, nitenpyram, bensultap, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, pymetrozine, suloxafurol, benfuracarb, carbosulfan and cartap hydrochloride. May be.

  In addition, herbicides that can adhere to the surface of the coating layer include amino acid compounds such as glyphosate and glufosinate, carbamate compounds such as esprocarb, pyribuchicarb, bencho curve, and molinate, etobenzanide, cavenstrol, tenylchlor, butachlor, pretilachlor, bromobutide, mefenacet, etc. Acid amide compounds, dinitroaniline compounds such as trifluralin, azimusulfuron, imazosulfuron, ethoxysulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, halosulfuronmethyl, pyrazosulfuronethyl, flucetsulfuron, propyrisulfuron, bensulfuronmethyl, thi Sulfonyl urea compounds such as fensulfuron methyl, sulfonanilide compounds such as pyrimisulfurphan, diazines such as bentazone Products, oxadiazone, oxadiargyl, pyraclonyl, pyrazoxifene, pyrazolate, diazole compounds such as pyraflufenethyl, benzophenap, triazine compounds such as dimetamethrin, simethrin, promethrin, triketone compounds such as tefryltrione, mesotrione, cumyllon, Urea compounds such as Daimron, bipyridium compounds such as diquat and paraquat, bipyridac sodium salts, pyrimidyloxybenzoic acid compounds such as pyriminobacmethyl and penoxsulam, 2,4-D, MCPA, quizalofop, chromeprop, cyhalohop, Phenoxy acid compounds such as cyhalohop butyl, haloxy hop, and clodina hop, isoxazole compounds such as isoxaflutol, and imamitapyr Group consisting of zolinone compounds, organophosphorus compounds such as butamifos, aromatic carboxylic acid compounds such as dicamba, indanophan, oxadiclomephone, carfentrazone ethyl, quinoclamin, pyriftalide, phentolazamide, benzobicyclone, pentoxazone, and benfrecetate It may be one or more selected.

  All of the compounds of the above-mentioned disinfectant, insecticide and herbicide are known compounds, and a commercially available preparation can be used, or can be produced by a known production method.

  In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned drug is usually prepared by mixing an active ingredient and an inert carrier, and adding a surfactant or other formulation auxiliary agent as necessary to prepare a powder, flowable agent, water. It is preferable to use those formulated into a powder, a wettable powder, an aqueous solvent, an aqueous granular solvent, and the like. Moreover, you may use the formulation by which the elution of the active ingredient was controlled.

Examples of the inert carrier used for formulation include a solid carrier and a liquid carrier.
Examples of solid carriers include clays (kaolin clay, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, fusami clay, acidic clay), synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, talc, ceramic, and other inorganic minerals (sericite, quartz, sulfur, activated carbon, calcium carbonate, water) Fine silica and chemical fertilizers (ammonium sulfate, phosphoric acid, ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium chloride, etc.), and synthetic resins (polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.) Nylon-6, nylon-11, nylon-66, etc., polyamide resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride-propylene copolymer, etc.).
Examples of the liquid carrier include water, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, hexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, phenoxyethanol, etc.), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), aromatic Hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, dodecylbenzene, phenylxylylethane, methylnaphthalene, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (hexane, cyclohexane, kerosene, light oil, etc.), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, myristic acid) Isopropyl, ethyl oleate, diisopropyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate), nitriles (acetonitrile, iso Tyronitrile, etc.), ethers (diisopropyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol, etc. ), Acid amides (N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (dichloromethane, trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, etc.), sulfoxides (dimethylsulfoxide, etc.), propylene carbonate and vegetable oil (Soybean oil, cottonseed oil, etc.).

  Examples of the surfactant include nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, and polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, and anions such as alkyl sulfonate, alkyl benzene sulfonate, and alkyl sulfate. Surfactant is mentioned.

  Other formulation adjuvants include fixing agents, dispersants, colorants and stabilizers, such as casein, gelatin, sugars (starch, gum arabic, cellulose derivatives, alginic acid, etc.), lignin derivatives, bentonite, synthesis Water-soluble polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acids, etc.), PAP (isopropyl acid phosphate), BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), BHA (2-tert-butyl) And a mixture of -4-methoxyphenol and 3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol).

  In addition, at least one of these disinfectant, insecticide, and herbicide may be partially present inside the coating layer. Further, at least one of these disinfectant, insecticide and herbicide may be contained in the coating layer.

  As described in detail below, the coated seeds according to the present embodiment having the structure as described above have a high porosity and water permeability as compared with a seed coating using conventional iron powder. It has excellent water retention and air permeability, and is extremely advantageous for plant germination and growth.

<Porosity of coating layer>
The porosity of the coating layer of the coated seed according to the present embodiment is preferably 17 to 50%. The porosity of such a coating layer can be controlled to a desired value by adjusting the particle size of various slags contained in the coating layer. What is necessary is just to adjust suitably according to. In order to suitably maintain the oxygen supply ability and water retention, the porosity of the coating layer is preferably 20 to 40%, and more preferably 20 to 30%.

In addition, the porosity of a coating layer can be measured as follows.
First, seeds having a coating layer are embedded in various resins and polished by a known method to prepare a measurement sample. Next, the cross section of the coating layer in the obtained measurement sample is observed with an optical microscope set at a predetermined magnification, and the area of the pores in the area of the seed coating in the visual field is calculated to obtain the porosity. . Observation is performed in a plurality of visual fields (for example, about 5 visual fields), and the average value of the porosity obtained in each visual field between the multiple visual fields is obtained and used as the porosity of the coating layer.

(About seeds)
Then, the seed used for the manufacturing method of the coated seed which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated easily.
As seeds used in the method for producing coated seeds according to this embodiment, seeds of plants cultivated in a flooded state or seeds of plants cultivated in a non-flooded state can be used. . Here, “seed cultivated in a submerged state” means a seed cultivated in a state where the surface of the soil is submerged in water, and “seed cultivated in a non-submerged state” It means seeds that have been submerged and cultivated in a state where the surface of the soil is not submerged.

  Of the two types of seeds, examples of seeds of plants cultivated in a flooded state include, for example, seeds of gramineous plants. The seeds of such gramineous plants are not particularly limited as long as they are cultivated in a flooded state, and any known gramineous plant seeds can be used. A representative example of the seeds of the gramineous plant cultivated in such a flooded state is, for example, rice seed.

  Among the above-mentioned two kinds of seeds, the seeds of plants cultivated in a non-flooded state include, for example, grass seeds, legume seeds, seeds of poaceae plants, seeds of edible plants, And seeds of useful plants.

  The seeds of the above gramineous plants are not particularly limited as long as they are cultivated on land that is not flooded, and any known gramineous plant seeds can be used. Typical seeds of such gramineous plants cultivated on land that is not flooded include, for example, upland rice seeds, corn seeds, and wheat seeds.

  The legume seeds as described above are not particularly limited as long as they are cultivated on land that is not flooded, and any known legume seeds can be used. Typical seeds of leguminous plant seeds cultivated on such unlanded land include, for example, soybean seeds and azuki bean seeds.

  The seeds of the above-mentioned Capaceae plants are not particularly limited as long as they are cultivated on land that is not flooded, and it is possible to use seeds of any known Capaceae plants. As typical seeds of the seeds of the plantaceae plant cultivated on the land not flooded, for example, buckwheat seeds can be mentioned.

  The seeds of the edible herbaceous plant as described above are not particularly limited as long as they are seeds of an edible herbaceous plant (so-called vegetable) cultivated on land that is not flooded, and the seeds of a known edible herbaceous plant should be used. Is possible. Typical examples of the seeds of edible vegetation plants cultivated on land that is not flooded include carrot seeds, tomato seeds, sugar beet seeds, and the like.

  The seeds of useful plants as described above are not particularly limited as long as they are cultivated on land that is not flooded, and known useful plant seeds can be used. Representative examples of useful plant seeds cultivated on land that is not flooded include, for example, turf seeds, pasture seeds, green fertilizer plant seeds, flowering tree seeds, and the like. Among them, the plant for green fertilization refers to a plant that is used as a fertilizer for crops that are cultivated afterwards, without being harvested, and directly harvested into the soil. Examples of such green manure plants include sorghum.

  Note that bristles may exist on the surfaces of various seeds as described above. When bristles are present on the surface of the seed, there is a possibility that a phenomenon in which the adhesion between the coating layer and the seed as described in detail below is weakened. In order to suppress the possibility of such a phenomenon, the seed surface may be coated with starch by immersing various seeds as described above in an aqueous starch solution. Thereby, it becomes possible to improve the adhesiveness between the coating layer and the seed which will be described later. In addition, although it does not prescribe | regulate especially about the density | concentration (namely, the mass ratio of the starch with respect to the total mass of aqueous solution) of the starch aqueous solution which immerses various seeds as mentioned above, it shall be 40 mass%-80 mass%, for example. It is preferable. By immersing various seeds as described above in an aqueous starch solution having such a concentration, it is possible to improve the adhesion between the coating layer and the seeds more reliably.

  Heretofore, the seeds that can be used in the coated seed manufacturing method according to the present embodiment have been briefly described.

(About the method for producing coated seeds)
Subsequently, a method for producing a coated seed according to the present embodiment using at least one of steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag as described above will be described in detail.

  In the method for producing coated seeds according to the present embodiment, it is obtained by mixing at least one of steelmaking slag or blast furnace slag as described in detail below, simple Fe, and water. However, a mixture of more than 0% by mass and less than 20% by mass with respect to the total mass of the solid content is prepared, and the above-described various plant seeds are coated with the mixture. Thereby, the coating layer containing at least any one of steelmaking slag or blast furnace slag is formed on the surface of various plant seeds as described above.

<About the mixture used for seed coating>
In the following, each component contained in a mixture for forming a coating layer as described above (hereinafter also simply referred to as “mixture for forming a coating layer” or “mixture”) will be described in detail. explain.

  The mixture used for coating the seed surface as described above contains at least one of steelmaking slag having a predetermined component or blast furnace slag, and Fe alone. Hereinafter, the steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag that can be contained in the mixture for forming the coating layer will be described in detail.

  The mixture for forming a coating layer used in the method for producing a coated seed according to the present embodiment has at least one of steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag as a main component, not iron powder. Thereby, in the coating layer of the coated seed according to the present embodiment, the content of iron as a simple substance of Fe is reduced, so that the increase in the seed temperature due to the heat generation of iron oxidation during the coating treatment is reduced by the iron powder coating and iron powder and Compared with coating with a mixture of gypsum, it is possible to suppress more greatly.

  Although slag does not have a problem of heat generation, the solidification rate is relatively slow. As a result, the cooling time of the iron powder-based coating and the solidification time of the slag coating are compared, and there is no great difference in processing time. It is known that solidification of slag is faster as the temperature is higher, and the present inventor has found that the processing time can be shortened by using the heat generated by iron.

[About steelmaking slag]
Steelmaking slag produced as a by-product in the steel manufacturing process is analyzed and managed, and contains various fertilizer active elements such as Ca, Si, Mg, Mn, Fe, and P. It is used. In Japan, fertilizers that use steelmaking slag as raw materials include fertilizers that are stipulated by the Fertilizer Control Law and that belong to the standards of mineral silicic acid fertilizer, mineral phosphoric acid fertilizer, by-product lime fertilizer, and special fertilizer (including iron). . Moreover, since steelmaking slag of about 10 million tons per year is produced in Japan alone, steelmaking slag can be obtained at low cost, and material costs can be suppressed. Therefore, it is performed to coat rice seeds using such steelmaking slag. Also in the coated seed according to the present embodiment, steelmaking slag can be used as the main component of the mixture for coating the surface of various seeds as described above.

  Steelmaking slag includes Fe alone, but hardly exothermic. Therefore, it is almost unnecessary to consider the damage to the seed due to the heat generation due to the oxidation of iron, which is a concern with the seed coating with the iron powder as in Patent Document 1. And Fe simple substance in steelmaking slag is not considered as Fe simple substance contained in the mixture for coating layer formation in this invention. Moreover, steelmaking slag has the property to solidify. The porosity between steelmaking slag particles is much larger than the porosity between consolidated iron powder particles, even in the consolidated state. Since the porosity in the consolidated state is large, in the seeds coated with steelmaking slag, oxygen and water necessary for germination and growth of seeds from the outside of the coating layer compared to seeds coated with iron powder. It becomes possible to reach the seeds inside the coating layer more easily.

  In addition, seed coating with steelmaking slag can be applied to the seeds of plants cultivated in a non-flooded state, which is focused on in the present embodiment. Regarding seed germination, in the case of directly sown seeds that are germinated without flooding, it is important that water infiltrates the inside of the coating layer and that the coating layer itself has a water retention ability. Covering with steelmaking slag is suitable for germination of seeds cultivated under non-flooding conditions because the porosity between steelmaking slag particles is large and the water retention is higher than iron powder coating. Therefore, the coating with iron powder as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is mainly limited to rice seeds grown in a flooded state (that is, paddy rice seeds), whereas the coating with steelmaking slag. Is also applicable to direct sowing of seeds of any plant cultivated without flooding.

Steelmaking slag containing a predetermined component Steelmaking slag used as a main component of the mixture for forming a coating layer according to this embodiment is 25 mass% or more and 50 mass% or less of CaO, and 8 mass% or more and 30 mass% or less. It contains at least the following SiO ₂ . In addition to the above CaO and SiO ₂ , the steelmaking slag contains 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of MgO, 1% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less of Al ₂ O ₃ , 1% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less of Mn. And at least one selected from the group consisting of 0.1% by mass to 5% by mass of P ₂ O ₅ may be further contained.

◇ CaO: 25% to 50% by mass
First, Ca will be described.
When steelmaking slag comes into contact with water, Ca and Si and Al described later are eluted and chemically bonded, thereby exhibiting hydraulic properties. In the present invention, by utilizing this hydraulic property, steelmaking slag is adhered and consolidated to various seeds to coat various seeds. Therefore, in the present invention, Ca is an important element. Ca is also an essential fertilizer element for plants. When noting the Ca content with fertilizer or steelmaking slag, the Ca content is expressed in terms of CaO since it is expressed in terms of oxide CaO.

  In this embodiment, when the content of CaO in the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is less than 25% by mass, there is a possibility that a sufficient amount of Ca cannot be eluted to express hydraulic properties. On the other hand, steelmaking slag having a CaO content exceeding 50% by mass is not produced by a normal steelmaking process and is difficult to obtain. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal steelmaking process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the content of CaO in the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is set to 25% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less. The content of CaO in the steelmaking slag is preferably 38% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less.

  The content of CaO can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.

◇ SiO ₂ : 8% by mass to 30% by mass
Next, Si will be described.
Si, together with Ca and Al, is an element that contributes to the hydraulic properties of steelmaking slag. Therefore, Si is also an important element in the present invention. Moreover, Si is a very important fertilizer effect element especially for rice seeds such as upland rice, though it is not an essential element of plants. Silicic acid (SiO ₂ ) accounts for about 5% of the dry weight of the plant of rice. In fertilizer and steelmaking slag, when describing the Si content, the content is expressed in terms of the oxide SiO _2, and hence the Si content will be expressed as SiO ₂ hereinafter.

In this embodiment, when the content of SiO ₂ in the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is less than 8% by mass, there is a possibility that a sufficient amount of Si cannot be eluted to exhibit hydraulic properties. . On the other hand, steelmaking slag having a SiO ₂ content of more than 30% by mass is not produced by a normal steelmaking process and is difficult to obtain. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal steelmaking process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the content of SiO ₂ in the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is 8% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. The content of SiO _{2 in} the steelmaking slag is preferably 12% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less.

The content of SiO ₂ can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.

◇ MgO: 1% to 20% by mass
In general, the MgO content of steelmaking slag is considerably lower than the CaO content. This is because steelmaking slag is slag generated mainly by adding lime to hot metal. Mg contained in the steelmaking slag is mainly caused by Mg eluted from the refractory bricks on the furnace wall of the converter. Mg, together with Ca, Si, and Al, is an element related to the hydraulic properties of steelmaking slag. However, the contribution of Mg to hydraulic properties, such as the difference between the CaO content and the MgO content contained in steelmaking slag, is small compared to Ca. In this embodiment, steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds contains CaO in an amount of 25% by mass or more. Therefore, it is considered that hydraulic properties can be basically covered by CaO contained in steelmaking slag. However, it can be expected that hydraulic properties are better expressed by the further presence of MgO. In the fertilizer and steelmaking slag, when the content of Mg is expressed, the content is expressed in terms of MgO as an oxide. Therefore, hereinafter, the content of Mg is expressed as MgO.

  Here, steelmaking slag having a content of MgO of less than 1% by mass does not occur in a normal ironmaking process. On the other hand, in the steelmaking slag generated in the refractory repair of the converter, the MgO content is close to 20% by mass. However, steelmaking slag having an MgO content exceeding 20% by mass does not occur. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal steelmaking process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the content of MgO in the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is preferably 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. The content of MgO in the steelmaking slag is more preferably 3% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.

  The content of MgO can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.

◇ Al ₂ O ₃ : 1% by mass to 25% by mass
Subsequently, Al will be described.
Along with Ca and Si, Al is an element important for the hydraulic properties of steelmaking slag. In fertilizers and steelmaking slag, when the content of Al is expressed, the content is expressed in terms of oxide Al ₂ O _3, and hence the content of Al will be expressed as Al ₂ O ₃ hereinafter.

Steelmaking slag content of Al ₂ O ₃ is less than 1 wt%, and, steelmaking slag content of Al ₂ O ₃ of 25 wt% excess is not generated in the normal steelmaking process, is difficult to obtain is there. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal steelmaking process. Further, if it is more than 1 mass% content of _Al 2 _{O 3} of steel slag, Al can indicate hydraulic with Ca and Si. Therefore, in this embodiment, the content of Al ₂ O _{3 in} the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is preferably 1% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less. However, when it is desired to further increase the hydraulic property and promote consolidation, in this embodiment, the content of Al ₂ O ₃ in the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is 10% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less. More preferably.

Note that the content of Al ₂ O ₃ can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.

◇ Mn: 1% to 8% by mass
Next, Mn will be described.
Mn is an element that has a fertilizer effect on plants. Steelmaking slag having a Mn content of less than 1% by mass and steelmaking slag having a Mn content of more than 8% by mass are not produced by a normal ironmaking process and are difficult to obtain. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal steelmaking process. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the Mn content of the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is 1% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less.

  The content of Mn can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.

◇ P ₂ O ₅ : 0.1% by mass to 5% by mass
Next, P will be described.
P is an essential element of plants. In fertilizer and steelmaking slag, when describing the content of P, since the content is expressed in terms of oxide P ₂ O ₅ , the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds in this embodiment Represents the content as P ₂ O ₅ . P is an element that acts on the root growth point and is effective in root growth. When P is insufficient, root growth is suppressed. However, steel slag content of P ₂ O ₅ is less than 0.1 wt%, and, steelmaking slag content of P ₂ O ₅ is 5 wt% excess is not generated in the normal steel manufacturing process, It is difficult to obtain. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal steelmaking process. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the content of P ₂ O ₅ in the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is 0.1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less.

Note that the content of P ₂ O ₅ can be measured, for example, by fluorescent X-ray analysis.

  Such steelmaking slag has a CaO content of 25% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and thus exhibits an alkalinity of about pH 11. Therefore, when birds and animals include seeds having a coating layer containing such steelmaking slag in their mouths, the animals and animals exhale without swallowing the seeds because of the alkalinity exhibited by the steelmaking slag. As a result, it is possible to suppress food damage caused by birds and beasts.

  In addition, seeds coated with such steelmaking slag germinate despite the fact that the steelmaking slag shows alkalinity. The reason why seeds germinate despite the alkalinity is that an acidic substance that can chelate iron ions is secreted from the roots, and the alkali caused by the steelmaking slag that coats the seeds is neutralized. It is considered possible. Moreover, it is considered that iron contained in the steelmaking slag is chelated as iron ions by the secretion of such an acidic substance and is easily absorbed from the radicle.

About dephosphorization slag and decarburization slag In this embodiment, as the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds, in addition to the steelmaking slag containing the above-mentioned predetermined components, an ironmaking process using a blast furnace and a converter. It is also possible to use dephosphorization slag or decarburization slag, which is a kind of converter steelmaking slag produced as a by-product. Dephosphorization slag is phosphorus-containing slag that is produced as a by-product by blowing oxygen and other gases into the hot metal after adding lime and iron oxide as a dephosphorizing agent to remove phosphorus contained in the hot metal. It is a kind of steelmaking slag. The decarburized slag is a slag that is produced as a by-product by blowing oxygen into the hot metal in order to make the steel excluding the carbon contained in the hot metal, and is a kind of steelmaking slag.

  The dephosphorization slag and decarburization slag as described above also contain the same components as the steelmaking slag containing the above-mentioned predetermined amount of components, but the content thereof is the content of the various components in the steelmaking slag. May be different. However, in the case of dephosphorization slag and decarburization slag, even if there is a component having a content different from the steelmaking slag containing the above-mentioned predetermined amount of component, steelmaking for coating various seeds in this embodiment It can be used as slag.

● Electric furnace steelmaking slag Electric furnace steelmaking slag is steelmaking slag that is a by-product of the ironmaking process using an electric furnace, not the ironmaking process using a blast furnace and converter. Such an electric furnace steelmaking slag is also a kind of steelmaking slag. General electric furnace steelmaking slag is composed of 15% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less of CaO, 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of SiO ₂ , 2% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of MgO, and 3% by mass or more. In many cases, at least one of 20% by mass or less of Al ₂ O ₃ is contained so that the total becomes 100% by mass or less. If it is an electric furnace steelmaking slag, even if a component with a content different from the steelmaking slag containing the above-mentioned predetermined amount of component is present, it is used as a steelmaking slag for coating various seeds in this embodiment. It is possible. By including such electric furnace steelmaking slag in the mixture for forming the coating layer, the electric furnace steelmaking slag functions as a binder, and the coating layer can be consolidated more reliably.

  In the mixture for forming a coating layer according to the present embodiment, the converter steelmaking slag which is at least one of the dephosphorization slag or the decarburization slag as described above and the electric furnace steelmaking slag as described above are used alone. It is also possible to use them in combination.

● Method for measuring the content of each component in steelmaking slag As previously described, in this embodiment, the content of each component in various steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds should be measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Is possible. More specifically, a calibration curve is created by measuring in advance the peak intensity of fluorescent X-rays related to the component of interest using a standard sample whose content is known for the component of interest. For samples whose content is unknown, the peak intensity of fluorescent X-rays related to the component of interest can be measured, and the content of the component of interest can be specified by using a calibration curve prepared in advance. .

  The fluorescent X-ray peak of interest is not particularly limited, but for example, attention should be paid to the fluorescent X-ray peaks of Ca, Si, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, and P.

  In addition, the measuring method of content of each component in various steelmaking slag is not limited to the above fluorescent X-ray analysis methods, It is possible to utilize other well-known analysis methods suitably.

About the particle diameter of steelmaking slag In this embodiment, the steelmaking slag as described above can be used for coating various seeds as it is after being adjusted to a predetermined particle diameter by pulverization or the like. For the pulverization of these steelmaking slag, known means such as a jaw crusher, a hammer crusher, a rod mill, a ball mill, a roll mill, and a roller mill can be used.

  In the present embodiment, the particle diameter of the steelmaking slag used for coating various seeds is preferably reduced to a predetermined value or less because the smaller the particle diameter, the easier it is to solidify. As a result of investigations by the present inventor, it has been clarified that steelmaking slag having a particle size adjusted to less than 600 μm tends to have higher adhesion to various seeds and is highly effective. Therefore, it is preferable that the particle diameter of the steelmaking slag used as the main component of the mixture for forming a coating layer according to the present embodiment is less than 600 μm. For example, the steelmaking slag is sieved using a sieve having a pore diameter of 600 μm, and the particle diameter of the steelmaking slag that has passed through the mesh of the sieve is less than 600 μm. Although steelmaking slag having a finer particle size is preferable in order to increase adhesion to various seeds, excessive pulverization is unnecessary because grinding and classification require cost and time.

  The steelmaking slag used in the mixture for forming the coating layer preferably has a particle diameter that passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 180 μm and does not pass through a sieve having a pore diameter of 22 μm. In other words, the particle size of the steelmaking slag used in the mixture for forming the coating layer is preferably 22 μm or more and less than 180 μm.

  In the case of steelmaking slag that cannot pass through a sieve having a pore diameter of 180 μm, among various kinds of plant seeds, adhesion to small-sized seeds is deteriorated, which may make it difficult to cover the seeds. On the other hand, steelmaking slag that passes through a sieve with a pore diameter of 22 μm has high adhesion to seeds, but increases the risk of dust being sucked into the worker's respiratory organ during seed coating, There is concern that it will be costly due to dust-proof measures. Moreover, there is a concern that the porosity between the steelmaking slag particles becomes small and becomes dense as in the case of iron powder coating, and the permeation of oxygen and water is suppressed. Therefore, it is preferable that the particle diameter of the steelmaking slag used for seed coating passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 180 μm and does not pass through a sieve having a pore diameter of 22 μm.

  When the particle diameter of the steelmaking slag constituting the coating layer is measured afterwards, the coating layer is peeled off from the coated seed having the coating layer, and then the peeled coating layer is removed using a scanning electron microscope or transmission electron microscope. What is necessary is just to measure with well-known measuring instruments, such as a microscope.

[About blast furnace slag]
In a steel manufacturing process using a blast furnace that uses natural iron ore, coal, and limestone as raw materials, a by-product called slag is generated. By-product slag is roughly classified into blast furnace slag by-produced in the ironmaking process in the blast furnace and steelmaking slag by-produced in the steel making process. Steelmaking slag produced as a by-product in the steelmaking process exhibits strong alkalinity of about pH 11 to 12, but blast furnace slag produced as a byproduct in the ironmaking process has a pH of about 10, and is less alkaline than steelmaking slag. Steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag are substances that exhibit caking properties, although there is a difference in the rate of solidification.

  The components of blast furnace slag by-produced in the steel manufacturing process are analyzed and managed in the same manner as steelmaking slag, and contain various fertilizer effective elements such as Ca, Si, Mg, Mn, and Fe. Therefore, blast furnace slag can be used as a fertilizer raw material, similarly to steelmaking slag conventionally used as a fertilizer raw material. In addition, as in the case of steelmaking slag, a very large amount of blast furnace slag is produced annually in Japan alone. Therefore, blast furnace slag can be obtained at low cost and material costs can be reduced.

  Blast furnace slag contains almost no iron. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the damage to the seeds due to the heat generated by the oxidation of iron, which is a concern with the seed coating with iron powder as in Patent Document 1. Moreover, the blast furnace slag has the property to consolidate as mentioned previously. The porosity between blast furnace slag particles is much larger than the porosity between consolidated iron powder particles even in a consolidated state. Since the porosity in the consolidated state is large, the seeds coated with blast furnace slag have oxygen and water necessary for seed germination and growth from the outside of the coating layer compared to seeds coated with iron powder. It becomes possible to reach the seeds inside the coating layer more easily. Therefore, it is possible to suitably apply seed coating with blast furnace slag to the seeds of plants cultivated in a flooded state.

  Moreover, seed coating with blast furnace slag can be applied to seeds of plants cultivated without flooding. Regarding seed germination, in the case of directly sown seeds that are germinated without flooding, it is important that water infiltrates the inside of the coating layer and that the coating layer itself has a water retention ability. Covering with blast furnace slag has a large porosity between blast furnace slag particles and has a higher water retention capacity than iron powder coating, so it is also suitable for germination of seeds cultivated under non-flooding conditions. Therefore, the coating with iron powder as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is mainly limited to rice seeds grown in a flooded state (that is, paddy rice seeds), whereas coating with blast furnace slag Is also applicable to direct sowing of seeds of any plant cultivated without flooding.

  In addition, in various plant seeds as described above, there are those that are sensitive to the pH of the environment to which the seeds are exposed. For example, leguminous plants and the like have a high pH in the surrounding environment (when strong alkalinity is exhibited). There is a high possibility that problems will occur in its growth. Therefore, by using blast furnace slag having a lower pH as the main component of the mixture for forming the coating layer, it becomes possible to further suppress the influence of alkalinity on seeds compared to the case of using steelmaking slag, In comparison, more plant seeds can be coated.

  In addition, since such blast furnace slag exhibits weak alkalinity of about pH 10, when birds and animals include seeds having a coating layer containing such blast furnace slag in their mouth, Exhale without swallowing. As a result, it is possible to suppress food damage caused by birds and beasts.

  Furthermore, seeds coated with such blast furnace slag germinate despite the fact that the blast furnace slag is weakly alkaline. The reason why seeds germinate in spite of weak alkalinity is that normal substances such as hydrogen ions and organic acids are secreted from the roots and neutralized by weak alkalis caused by blast furnace slag that covered the seeds. It is considered that the germination is possible.

-About blast furnace slag containing a predetermined component It is preferable that the blast furnace slag which has the above characteristics is a blast furnace slag containing the following components. That is, the blast furnace slag, which is the main component of the coating layer according to the present embodiment, is 35 mass% to 45 mass% CaO, 25 mass% to 40 mass% SiO ₂ , and 2 mass% to 15 mass%. It is preferable that the blast furnace slag contains at least one of the following MgO and 8% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of Al ₂ O _{3 so} that the total becomes 100% by mass or less.

◇ CaO: 35% to 45% by mass
First, Ca will be described.
When the blast furnace slag comes into contact with water, Ca and Si and Al described later are eluted and chemically bonded, thereby exhibiting hydraulic properties. In the present invention, by utilizing this hydraulic property, blast furnace slag is adhered and consolidated to various seeds to coat various seeds. Therefore, in the present invention, Ca is an important element. Ca is also an essential fertilizer element for plants. When noting the Ca content in fertilizer and steelmaking slag, the content is expressed in terms of oxide CaO. Similarly, for blast furnace slag, below, the Ca content is expressed as CaO. And

  In this embodiment, when the content of CaO in the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds is less than 35% by mass, there is a possibility that a sufficient amount of Ca cannot be eluted to exhibit hydraulic properties. On the other hand, blast furnace slag having a CaO content exceeding 45% by mass is not produced by a normal iron making process and is difficult to obtain. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal koji making process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the content of CaO in the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds is set to be 35% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less. The content of CaO in the blast furnace slag is preferably 40% by mass or more and 44% by mass or less.

  The content of CaO can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.

◇ SiO ₂ : 25% by mass to 40% by mass
Next, Si will be described.
Si, together with Ca and Al, is an element that contributes to the hydraulic properties of blast furnace slag. Therefore, Si is also an important element in the present invention. Moreover, Si is a very important fertilizer effect element especially for rice seeds such as upland rice, though it is not an essential element of plants. Silicic acid (SiO ₂ ) accounts for about 5% of the dry weight of the plant of rice. The fertilizer and steel slag, when denoted Si content, since the amount contained in terms of SiO ₂ oxide is denoted, the content of Si Similarly, the blast furnace slag, as SiO ₂ in the following Is represented.

In this embodiment, when the content of SiO ₂ in the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds is less than 25% by mass, it may not be possible to elute a sufficient amount of Si to develop hydraulic properties. . On the other hand, blast furnace slag having a SiO ₂ content exceeding 40% by mass is not produced by a normal iron making process and is difficult to obtain. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal koji making process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the content of SiO ₂ in the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds is set to 25% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less. The content of SiO _{2 in} the blast furnace slag is preferably 30% by mass or more and 36% by mass or less.

The content of SiO ₂ can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.

◇ MgO: 2% to 15% by mass
Mg is an element related to hydraulic properties of blast furnace slag, together with Ca, Si, and Al. However, the contribution of Mg to hydraulic properties, such as the difference between the CaO content and MgO content contained in the blast furnace slag, is small compared to Ca. In the present embodiment, since the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds contains 35% by mass or more of CaO, it is considered that hydraulic properties can be basically covered by CaO contained in the blast furnace slag. However, it can be expected that hydraulic properties are better expressed by the further presence of MgO. In fertilizer and steelmaking slag, when describing the content of Mg, the content is expressed in terms of oxide MgO. Therefore, in the same way for blast furnace slag, the content of Mg is expressed below as MgO. I will do it.

  Here, the blast furnace slag having an MgO content of less than 2% by mass and the blast furnace slag having an MgO content of more than 15% by mass do not occur in a normal ironmaking process. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal koji making process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the content of MgO in the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds is preferably 2% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less. The content of MgO in the blast furnace slag is more preferably 3% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.

  The content of MgO can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.

◇ Al ₂ O ₃ : 8% by mass to 20% by mass
Subsequently, Al will be described.
Along with Ca and Si, Al is an element important for the hydraulic properties of blast furnace slag. In fertilizer and steelmaking slag, when expressing the content of Al, since the content is expressed in terms of oxide Al ₂ O ₃ , the same applies to blast furnace slag as Al ₂ O ₃ below. It represents the content of Al.

Blast furnace slag with a content of Al ₂ O ₃ of less than 8% by mass and blast furnace slag with a content of Al ₂ O ₃ of over 20% by mass are not produced by a normal ironmaking process and are difficult to obtain. It is. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds can be stably supplied in a large amount, and is preferably generated by a normal koji making process. Further, if the content of _Al 2 _{O 3} of blast furnace slag 8 mass% or more, Al can indicate hydraulic with Ca and Si. Therefore, in this embodiment, the content of Al ₂ O _{3 in} the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds is preferably 1% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less. However, when it is desired to further increase hydraulic properties and promote consolidation, in this embodiment, the content of Al ₂ O ₃ in the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds is 10% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less. More preferably.

Note that the content of Al ₂ O ₃ can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.

About Blast Furnace Slow Cooling Slag and Blast Furnace Granulated Slag In this embodiment, as the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds, in addition to the blast furnace slag containing the above-mentioned predetermined components, a by-product from the steel production process is used. It is also possible to use blast furnace slag or blast furnace granulated slag, which is a kind of blast furnace slag. The blast furnace slag produced as a by-product from the steel manufacturing process includes blast furnace slag and blast furnace granulated slag having the same components but different chemical properties due to differences in the production method. These two types of slag are a kind of blast furnace slag.

  The blast furnace slag and blast furnace granulated slag as described above also contain the same components as the blast furnace slag containing the above-mentioned predetermined amount of components. May differ from content. However, if the blast furnace slag or blast furnace granulated slag is used, the present embodiment covers various seeds even if a component having a different content from the blast furnace slag containing the above-mentioned predetermined amount of component exists. It can be used as blast furnace slag.

  Here, in terms of the caking property that each slag has, the blast furnace granulated slag has a higher caking property than the blast furnace slow-cooled slag. Therefore, it is more preferable to use blast furnace granulated slag as the blast furnace slag for coating various seeds in this embodiment.

  In addition, by mixing steelmaking slag that functions as an alkali stimulating agent with granulated blast furnace slag, the solidification speed of the coating layer forming mixture according to this embodiment can be further increased, and the coating layer can be consolidated more stably. It becomes possible to make it. At this time, the amount of the steelmaking slag mixed with the blast furnace granulated slag is not particularly specified, but for example, it is preferably about 1% by mass to 20% by mass with respect to the total mass of the blast furnace granulated slag. . The steelmaking slag mixed with the blast furnace granulated slag is not particularly defined, and known steelmaking slag produced as a by-product by the converter steelmaking process including dephosphorization slag and decarburization slag can be used.

● Method for measuring the content of each component in blast furnace slag As described above, in this embodiment, the content of each component in various blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds should be measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Is possible. More specifically, a calibration curve is created by measuring in advance the peak intensity of fluorescent X-rays related to the component of interest using a standard sample whose content is known for the component of interest. For samples whose content is unknown, the peak intensity of fluorescent X-rays related to the component of interest can be measured, and the content of the component of interest can be specified by using a calibration curve prepared in advance. .

  The fluorescent X-ray peak of interest is not particularly limited, but may be focused on fluorescent X-ray peaks of, for example, Ca, Si, Mg, Al and the like.

  In addition, the measuring method of content of each component in various blast furnace slag is not limited to the above fluorescent X-ray analysis methods, It is possible to utilize other well-known analysis methods suitably.

About Particle Size of Blast Furnace Slag In this embodiment, the blast furnace slag as described above, which has been adjusted to a predetermined particle size by pulverization or the like, can be used as it is for coating various seeds. For pulverization of these blast furnace slags, known means such as a jaw crusher, a hammer crusher, a rod mill, a ball mill, a roll mill, and a roller mill can be used.

  In the present embodiment, the particle size of the blast furnace slag used for coating various seeds is preferably solidified so that the smaller the particle size is, the easier it is to solidify. As a result of studies by the present inventor, it has been clarified that blast furnace slag whose particle size is adjusted to less than 600 μm tends to increase adhesion to various seeds and is highly effective. Therefore, it is preferable that the particle size of the blast furnace slag used as the main component of the mixture for forming a coating layer according to this embodiment is less than 600 μm. For example, the blast furnace slag is screened using a sieve having a pore diameter of 600 μm, and the particle size of the blast furnace slag that has passed through the mesh of the sieve is less than 600 μm. Although blast furnace slag having a finer particle size is preferable in order to increase adhesion to various seeds, excessive pulverization is not necessarily required when cost and time are required for pulverization and classification.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the particle size of the blast furnace slag used for the mixture for forming the coating layer passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 180 μm, more preferably a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm.

  In the case of blast furnace slag that cannot pass through a sieve having a pore diameter of 180 μm, adhesion to small-sized seeds among various plant seeds deteriorates, which may make it difficult to cover the seeds. Further, by using blast furnace slag passing through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm (hereinafter also referred to as “blast furnace slag fine powder”), it is possible to increase the consolidation speed of the coating layer forming mixture according to the present embodiment. Become. Even if the particle size of the blast furnace slag is fine, the porosity between the blast furnace slag particles is sufficiently ensured, so that it does not become dense like iron powder coating, and permeation of oxygen and water is not suppressed. Accordingly, the particle size of the blast furnace slag used for seed coating is preferably one that passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 180 μm, and more preferably one that passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm, from the viewpoint of consolidation.

  When the particle size of the blast furnace slag constituting the coating layer is measured afterwards, the coating layer is peeled off from the coated seed having the coating layer, and then the peeled coating layer is removed using a scanning electron microscope or transmission electron microscope. What is necessary is just to measure with well-known measuring instruments, such as a microscope.

[Content of Fe alone]
Fe is not an essential element of plants, but iron is also an effective element for plants, as iron-containing materials are in special fertilizers defined by the Fertilizer Control Law. In the mixture for forming a coating layer according to the present embodiment, the content of simple Fe in the mixture is the total mass of the solid content of the mixture (in other words, the total mass of steelmaking slag and / or blast furnace slag and simple Fe). To 0) and less than 20% by mass.

  When the content of Fe alone in the mixture for forming the coating layer is 20% by mass or more, the temperature of the seed rises and germination is inhibited due to heat generation due to the oxidation of Fe that occurs when water is added to the coated seed. There is a possibility. Since the temperature of the coating layer increases as the content of iron powder (that is, Fe alone) increases, it is preferable that the content of Fe alone is smaller for germination.

In this case, various slags such as steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag as described above are the main components of the coating layer formed from the mixture. The present inventor compared the case where only slag is used and the case where iron powder (that is, Fe alone) is mixed with the slag. The iron powder generates heat, but the slag solidifies quickly. I found out. Furthermore, the present inventor has found that when 20 mass% or more of iron powder (Fe simple substance) is contained, moisture drying becomes remarkable, and the consolidation of the coating layer becomes unstable in a simple coating treatment. From this knowledge, the present inventor, when coating various seeds using various slag such as steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag, in order to stabilize the coating layer more quickly, a predetermined amount of iron powder (that is, Fe simple substance) ) Has been found to be effective to be contained in the mixture for forming the coating layer. Therefore, in the mixture for forming a coating layer according to the present embodiment, the content of the simple Fe element is the total solid mass of the mixture (in other words, the total mass of the steelmaking slag and / or blast furnace slag and the simple Fe element). On the other hand, it is more than 0 mass% and less than 20 mass%.

  As a result of further studies by the present inventor based on such knowledge, the amount of heat generated by oxidation of iron powder is in an appropriate state by containing iron powder (Fe simple substance) more than 0 mass% and 5 mass% or less. As a result, it was found that a preferable temperature increase can be realized, and the mixture for forming the coating layer can be consolidated more quickly. Therefore, the content of the simple Fe in the mixture for forming the coating layer is more preferably more than 0% by mass and 5% by mass or less.

  When a coating layer composed mainly of iron powder is formed, during the coating process, divalent iron ions eluted from the iron powder are oxidized to trivalent iron ions, and in the process of forming iron hydroxide, The neighborhood is acidified. On the other hand, steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag, which are the main components of the mixture for forming a coating layer according to the present embodiment, are basic. Therefore, in the coating layer in which iron powder is mixed with the slag according to the present embodiment, the effect that the vicinity of the coating layer is neutralized as compared with slag alone or iron powder alone is also obtained.

  Moreover, as described later, by including a molybdenum (Mo) -containing compound in the mixture for forming the coating layer, it is possible to suppress an increase in the surface temperature of the seed due to heat generation of iron oxidation during the coating process. Therefore, by further including a Mo-containing compound in the mixture for forming the coating layer, heat generation due to iron powder (Fe simple substance) can be suppressed, and more iron powder (Fe simple substance) can be used. . As a result, even if the Fe simple substance is mixed to the vicinity of 20% by mass, the temperature of the coating layer is not affected to increase the surface temperature of the seeds, but to the extent preferable for consolidation of the mixture for forming the coating layer. An increase can be realized. The content of the Mo-containing compound will be described in detail below.

  The Fe content can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis or chemical analysis.

[Other components contained in the mixture for forming the coating layer]
◇ About Mo-containing compounds Mo is one of the trace elements necessary for plants, and can be expected to promote the growth and establishment of seedlings after germination. Moreover, Mo is an element that can suppress the temperature rise of the seed due to oxidation heat generation of Fe alone, as described above. Furthermore, Mo-containing compounds such as molybdenum oxide have the effect of suppressing the generation of sulfide ions that inhibit seed germination in the soil. Therefore, as described above, the mixture for forming a coating layer according to the present embodiment may contain a Mo-containing compound in addition to the above steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag.

  However, the content of the Mo-containing compound in the mixture for forming a coating layer according to this embodiment is preferably more than 0% by mass and 10% by mass or less in terms of Mo with respect to the total mass of the solid content of the mixture. . If the content of the Mo-containing compound in the mixture for forming the coating layer exceeds 10% by mass in terms of Mo, the oxidization of the eluted molybdenum-derived ions has a strong adverse effect on seed germination and may reduce the germination rate. There is. Moreover, since the Mo-containing compound is expensive, it is disadvantageous in terms of cost when used in a large amount. On the other hand, by controlling the content of the Mo-containing compound in the mixture for forming the coating layer to 10% by mass or less in terms of Mo, it is possible to suppress the heat generation derived from the Fe simple substance to a preferable level for consolidation of the coating layer. It becomes possible. In addition, even if it is a case where an excessive quantity of Mo containing compound is contained with respect to heat_generation | fever suppression in the range of 10 mass% or less, if it is the quantity which does not suppress germination, there is no problem. The content of the Mo-containing compound in the mixture for forming the coating layer is more preferably 3% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less in terms of Mo with respect to the total mass of the solid content of the mixture.

  In addition, although it does not prescribe | regulate especially as this Mo containing compound, it is preferable to utilize the Mo containing compound currently used for the fertilizer use. Examples of the Mo-containing compound include disodium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, and molybdenum oxide.

◇ About coal ash, gypsum, cement, iron powder, molasses In addition to the steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag as described above, the mixture for forming a coating layer according to this embodiment includes coal ash, gypsum, cement, At least one selected from the group consisting of iron powder and molasses may further be contained.

Coal ash Coal ash (fly ash) is a kind of ash produced when coal is burned, and is a substance mainly composed of SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ . Typical coal ash, and SiO ₂ of 40 wt% to 75 wt%, and _Al 2 _{O 3} of 15 wt% to 35 wt%, and _Fe 2 _{O 3} of 2% to 20% by weight, 1 wt% In many cases, at least one of ˜10 mass% CaO is contained so that the total is 100 mass% or less, and further, other components such as MgO may be contained. As is clear from these constituent components, coal ash contains components similar to steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag, and is a substance that assists caking properties. By including such coal ash in the coating layer, the coal ash functions as a binder, and the coating layer can be more firmly consolidated.

  The coal ash contained in the mixture for forming the coating layer is preferably coal ash that passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm. In other words, the particle size of the coal ash contained in the mixture for forming the coating layer is preferably less than 75 μm. By setting the particle size of the coal ash to less than 75 μm, it is possible to increase the solidification rate of the mixture for forming the coating layer, and to more easily consolidate the coating layer. In addition, although the particle size of coal ash is so preferable that it is small, since classification requires cost and time, it is not necessary to use an excessively fine particle.

  In addition, it is preferable that content of the coal ash which can be contained in the mixture for coating layer formation is 0 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less with respect to the solid content whole mass of a mixture. When the ratio of coal ash to the total solid mass of the mixture (more specifically, the total mass of steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag and Fe alone) exceeds 20% by mass, the ratio of coal ash is too high. There is a possibility that the degree of solidification may decrease or the germination rate of seeds may decrease.

● About gypsum and cement Gypsum and cement are solidifying substances and function as binders. Therefore, by including at least one of such gypsum and cement in the mixture for forming a coating layer, the mixture for forming a coating layer can be more firmly consolidated.

Here, the common cement, and 62 wt% or more 67 wt% or less of CaO, and SiO ₂ of 19 wt% or more 24 wt% or less, and 3 mass% of MgO or 0.5 wt%, 2 wt % Or more and 6% by mass or less of Fe ₂ O ₃ and 2% by mass or more and 7% by mass or less of Al ₂ O ₃ may be contained so that the total is 100% by mass or less. Many.

  The content of gypsum or cement that can be contained in the coating layer forming mixture is based on the total solid mass of the mixture (more specifically, the total mass of steelmaking slag, blast furnace slag, and Fe alone). It is preferable that it is 20 mass% or less. If the ratio of gypsum or cement to the total solid content of the mixture exceeds 20% by mass, respectively, the ratio of gypsum or cement may be too high, which may reduce the germination rate of seeds.

  In addition, although the above gypsum and cement may be mixed with a coating layer, it is also possible to coat | cover a coating layer using gypsum or cement.

● About iron powder Iron powder is a substance with high specific gravity. Therefore, by including iron powder in the coating layer, it is possible to increase the weight of the coated seed and make it difficult for the seed to run away. The content of the iron powder that can be contained in the coating layer forming mixture is preferably more than 0% by mass and less than 20% by mass, together with the content of simple Fe derived from steelmaking slag and / or blast furnace slag.

● About molasses Waste molasses is a black-brown liquid that is produced as a by-product when refining sugar from squeezed juice such as sugar cane. It contains about 70-80% of sugar, and also contains minerals and vitamins. In addition, molasses can be obtained at low cost because it is a by-product. The molasses particularly contains about 2% of potassium necessary for plant cell growth. Potassium is a component that is absorbed from plant roots and necessary for the growth of plant cells. Therefore, by containing waste molasses in the coating layer forming mixture, it becomes possible to supply potassium derived from waste molasses from the formed coating layer, and it can be expected to further promote the growth of seedlings. In addition, because molasses is sticky, the inclusion of waste molasses in the mixture for forming the coating layer can reinforce the solidification of the mixture for forming the coating layer and the stability of adhesion to the seed, and the molasses In addition to the fertilizer effect of steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag, it is possible to further promote the growth of radicles after germination of the components contained in the slag.

About Alginate Compound The coating layer formed from the mixture for forming a coating layer according to the present embodiment may contain an alginic acid-derived compound (alginic acid compound) such as sodium alginate, calcium alginate, magnesium alginate and the like. .

  Sodium alginate is a kind of polysaccharide contained in brown algae that are algae. When Ca or Mg is added to an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, it has a property of gelling. Since steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag contain Ca and Mg, gelation occurs by adding a sodium alginate aqueous solution to the surface of steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag, and the coating of the coating layer containing steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag is applied to the seeds. It becomes possible to reinforce the adhesion stability. In addition, when seeds coated with sodium alginate are directly sown on soil, sodium alginate is decomposed by the action of soil microorganisms to become alginate oligosaccharides. Alginate oligosaccharide has an effect of helping mineral absorption into the plant root by combining with minerals contained in the steelmaking slag of the coating layer, and an effect of promoting the growth of seedlings after germination can be expected.

  The sodium alginate as described above may partially react with calcium present in the steelmaking slag, and may be present in the coating layer as calcium alginate. Similarly, when magnesium is present in the blast furnace slag, sodium alginate may partially react with the magnesium in the blast furnace slag and be present in the coating layer as magnesium alginate. Therefore, when sodium alginate is infiltrated into the coating layer according to this embodiment, not only sodium alginate but also calcium alginate or magnesium alginate may exist in the coating layer. These calcium alginate and magnesium alginate are also decomposed by the action of soil microorganisms in the same manner as sodium alginate to become alginate oligosaccharides. Alginate oligosaccharide has an effect of helping mineral absorption into the plant root by combining with minerals contained in the steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag of the coating layer, and an effect of promoting the growth of seedlings after germination can be expected.

  Heretofore, the coating layer forming mixture used in the method for producing a coated seed according to the present embodiment has been described in detail.

<About the ratio of water in the mixture>
Subsequently, the mass ratio of water in the mixture (that is, the mass ratio of water to the total mass of the mixture) will be described.
In the method for producing coated seeds according to this embodiment, the mass ratio of water in the mixture is preferably 10% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less. When the mass ratio of the water in the said mixture is less than 10 mass%, the adhesiveness to seed surfaces, such as the said slag, worsens, and possibility that coating | cover becomes difficult becomes high. On the other hand, when the mass ratio of water in the mixture exceeds 80 mass%, since the ratio of water is too high, there is a high possibility that the seed surface cannot be covered with the slag or the like. Therefore, it is preferable that the mass ratio of the water in the said mixture is 10 mass% or more and 80 mass% or less. In order to stably achieve seed coating using slag or the like, the mass ratio of water is more preferably 25% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less.

  Moreover, you may mix at least any one of Mo containing compound, coal ash, gypsum, iron powder, or cement with respect to the said mixture. In addition, when adding at least any one of Mo containing compound, coal ash, gypsum, iron powder, or cement with respect to a mixture, it is preferable that the mass ratio of each component does not exceed content which was mentioned previously.

  Here, when the seed is coated with slag or the like, as mentioned above, there is a possibility that a phenomenon in which the adhesiveness of the coating layer to the seed surface is weakened due to the bristles existing on the seed surface. In order to solve this phenomenon, seeds may be preliminarily immersed in an aqueous starch solution and then covered with slag or the like. Here, the concentration of the aqueous starch solution (that is, the mass ratio of starch to the total mass of the aqueous solution) is preferably 40% by mass to 80% by mass. After immersing the seed in an aqueous starch solution, the ratio of the mass of one seed to the mass of the coating layer can be increased to about 1: 0.6 to 1: 2 by coating the seed with slag or the like. Is possible.

<Seed coating method>
Next, a method for coating the above plant seeds with the above mixture will be described. A mixture as described above is prepared in advance, and the mixture and the plant seed are mixed, whereby the surface of the seed used is covered with slag or the like, and a coating layer can be formed on the surface of the seed. It is also possible to mix the slag and the like with water and seeds together. The method for mixing the mixture and the seed is not particularly limited. In the case of processing in a large amount, for example, it is possible to mix using a rotary granulator and coat the seeds with the slag or the like.

  Moreover, it is also possible to coat the seeds having a coating layer using slag or the like with gypsum from the outside. By double-covering the seed using slag and gypsum, the adhesion to the seed by the coating of slag or the like can be enhanced. As a method of coating the seed with the coating layer with gypsum from the outside, for example, the coated seed that has been coated with slag and dried and dipped in a water suspension of gypsum is taken out and dried at room temperature. This method can be executed. The concentration of the aqueous suspension of gypsum is preferably 20% by mass to 60% by mass, for example.

  In addition, although it is the seed coverage by the slag etc., it is not particularly limited. More preferably, when the mass of the seed is 1, it is preferable to coat the seed using the slag having a mass of about 0.1 to 2. Usually, the coating amount realized only by mixing seeds with a mixture of slag and the like and water is in the above range. However, when slag or the like is not entirely covered on the surface of the seed, it is preferable to mix the seed again with a mixture of slag and the like and water.

  In addition, in order to increase the consolidation of the slag, calcium sulfate, quicklime, slaked lime, etc. are added to either slag, a mixture of slag, etc. and water, or a mixture of slag, etc., water, and seeds. It is also effective.

<Water used in the production of coated seeds>
Here, when the seed is covered with a mixture of slag and water, the water is mixed with the slag, but tap water, groundwater, agricultural water, etc. can be used in addition to pure water. However, it is more preferable to use water containing molasses. By using waste molasses-containing water, the adhesiveness of the molasses can be used to reinforce the stability of the coating layer and adherence to the seeds. Growth can be further promoted in addition to the fertilizer effect of slag.

  When the mass ratio of the molasses contained in the water containing the molasses is less than 10 mass% with respect to the total mass, the effect of reinforcing the solidification of the coating layer made of slag and the like and the adhesion stability to the seeds, It becomes difficult to express clearly. On the other hand, when the mass ratio of the molasses contained in the water containing the molasses exceeds 50% by mass with respect to the total mass, when slag and the water containing the molasses are mixed, the slag etc. It becomes lumpy and difficult to attach to the seeds. Therefore, it is preferable that the mass ratio of the molasses contained in the water containing molasses is 10% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less with respect to the total mass.

<Surface treatment of coated seed using sodium alginate aqueous solution>
As mentioned earlier, by adding sodium alginate aqueous solution to the surface of the coating layer containing at least one of steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag, gelation occurs, and adhesion of the coating layer containing slag to the seeds Stability can be reinforced.

  This is a method of adding an aqueous sodium alginate solution to the surface of the coating layer. For example, by spraying or spraying an aqueous sodium alginate solution on the surface of the coating layer containing slag, etc., the alginic acid solution is added to the coating layer. There is a method of penetrating a sodium aqueous solution. In addition, it is possible to perform a method such as immersing seeds on which a coating layer containing slag or the like is immersed in an aqueous solution of sodium alginate for a short time while being careful not to peel the coating layer. In addition, when the concentration of the sodium alginate aqueous solution is less than 0.5% by mass with respect to the total mass of the aqueous solution, the concentration of the sodium alginate is too low, and thus gelation does not occur firmly, and There is a possibility that the effect of reinforcing the adhesion stability is not exhibited. Moreover, when the density | concentration of the sodium alginate aqueous solution exceeds 5 mass% with respect to the whole mass of aqueous solution, a gel may become too strong and may suppress germination. Therefore, the concentration of the aqueous sodium alginate solution added to the surface of the coating layer containing slag and the like is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the aqueous solution. In addition, the quantity of the sodium alginate aqueous solution in the case of adding a sodium alginate aqueous solution by spraying or sprinkling may be an amount that wets the entire surface of the coating layer.

<Surface treatment of coated seeds using disinfectant, insecticide, and herbicide>
As previously mentioned, it is possible to attach at least one of a disinfectant, an insecticide, and a herbicide to the surface of the coating layer containing slag and the like.

  Examples of the method of adding the drug to the surface of the coating layer include a method of spraying or spraying an aqueous solution containing the drug on the surface of the coating layer containing slag or the like. In addition, for example, the drug may be sprayed as it is on the surface of the coating layer containing slag, and the drug may adhere to the surface of the coating layer. In addition, although the usage-amount of the said chemical | medical agent with respect to a covering seed is not prescribed | regulated, it is preferable to set it as about 0-100 gram with respect to 1000 gram dry weight of a seed, for example.

  In the above description, the composition of slag and the like is shown by the composition before mixing with water. In order to confirm the composition of the slag after mixing with water, the slag may be collected in a state where the water is evaporated and dried, and the composition of the collected slag may be examined. Thus, the component composition of the slag before coating is almost the same as the component composition of the slag after coating.

  Seeds coated with a coating layer containing slag and the like can be used for direct sowing, for example, after air drying in a well-ventilated place. By coating, air permeability is deteriorated and respiration of seeds is suppressed. Therefore, it is preferable to sow as soon as possible after coating. If possible, it is preferable to sow within 4 days after coating.

  However, the coated seeds can be stored and used for direct sowing until the latter half of the year.

  As described above, it is possible to produce seeds that are easily and inexpensively coated using at least one of steelmaking slag and blast furnace slag.

(About seeding method for coated seeds)
Next, a method for sowing coated seeds as described above will be briefly described.
In the seeding method of the coated seed according to the present embodiment, the coated seed as described above is directly sown on the cultivation place for cultivating the seed.

  Here, the method for sowing the coated seed is not particularly limited, and a known sowing method suitable for cultivation of the plant used for the coated seed may be employed.

  Hereinafter, the method for producing coated seeds and the method for sowing seeds according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. In addition, the Example shown below is only an example of the manufacturing method of the coated seed which concerns on this invention, and the seeding method of a coated seed to the last, and the manufacturing method of the coated seed which concerns on this invention, and the seeding method of a coating seed are the following examples It is not limited to. In addition, the rice seed in the present Example shown below is a rice seed.

Example 1
A steelmaking slag having the composition shown in Table 1 below was pulverized and passed through a sieve having a pore diameter of 600 μm. Moreover, the iron powder (Fe simple substance) which similarly passed the sieve with the hole diameter of 600 micrometers was prepared. A steelmaking slag + iron powder mixture was prepared by mixing the steelmaking slag adjusted in particle size and the iron powder adjusted in particle size at a mass ratio of 90:10 or 95: 5. Each of these mixtures was used to coat rice seeds and corn seeds, respectively.

  Specifically, after adding an aqueous solution of molasses at a concentration of 20% by mass to the steelmaking slag + iron powder mixture, the surface of the rice seeds and corn seeds is mixed with the steelmaking slag + iron powder mixture and the molasses aqueous solution. Of each was deposited. Thereafter, the rice seeds and corn seeds to which the mixture was adhered were dried to form a coating layer on the seed surface, thereby obtaining coated rice seeds and coated corn seeds. Also, coated rice seeds and coated corn seeds coated only with steelmaking slag having the composition shown in Table 1 below, and coated rice seeds and coated corn seeds coated only with iron powder were separately prepared.

  Place a filter paper on a 90 mm diameter plastic petri dish, and place 20 rice seeds and corn seeds each coated with a steelmaking slag, iron powder, or a mixture of steelmaking slag and iron powder, and add distilled water. In addition, the germination test was carried out by standing at 30 ° C. As a control, the same germination test was conducted in parallel for uncoated rice seeds and corn seeds. The results of the germination test obtained are shown in Table 2 below.

  From the results of germination rates in Table 2, rice seeds and corn seeds coated with iron powder had the lowest germination rates. This is thought to be because the divalent iron ions eluted from the iron powder were oxidized to become trivalent iron, and further generated heat during the process of becoming iron hydroxide, causing damage to the seeds. Further, local acidification occurs in the process in which divalent iron ions eluted from the iron powder are oxidized to become trivalent iron and further become iron hydroxide. Such acidification may also be an adverse condition for germination of seeds that prefer neutrality. In addition, the formed iron hydroxide adheres to the surface of the radicle that emerged from germination and covers the surface of the radicle, thereby inhibiting water absorption and root growth by the radicle, This may be because germination has not progressed well. In addition, the Fe single-piece | unit mass contained in iron powder is 100 mass%.

  Steelmaking slag contained 2% by mass of Fe alone, but there was no heat generation as in the case of coating only with iron powder, and the germination rate of rice seed and corn seed coated with steelmaking slag was the same as that without coating. Was expensive. On the other hand, the mixture of steelmaking slag + iron powder of this example contains less than 20% by mass of Fe as a mixture for forming a coating layer, and rice seed and corn seed coated with the steelmaking slag + iron powder mixture. The germination rate was equal to or less than that of the case of coating with steel slag. This is because the higher the content of Fe alone, the more the seeds are damaged by the heat generated by the oxidation of iron, and the generated iron hydroxide adheres to and covers the surface of the radicles, thereby inhibiting the absorption of water from the roots. This is thought to be due to the inhibition of root growth and the neutralization of local acidification in the vicinity of the seed caused by oxidation of the eluted iron and formation of iron hydroxide by neutralization of the alkalinity of the slag.

  While it was confirmed that the temperature of the coating layer increased as the content of iron powder increased, it became clear that steel slag solidified quickly when iron powder was added to generate heat. However, when 20 mass% or more of iron powder is contained, moisture drying becomes remarkable, and solidification becomes unstable by a simple coating process. From these results, it was found that the germination rate was not significantly affected when the content of the Fe simple substance in the mixture for forming the coating layer was less than 20% by mass. At this time, by mixing the iron powder in a ratio of more than 0% by mass and 5% by mass or less, a preferable temperature increase was achieved, and it became possible to perform coating relatively quickly.

  From the above results, in the case where the Fe simple substance contained in the mixture for forming the seed coating layer is less than 20% by mass, preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, without significantly reducing the germination rate, It has been found that a stable coating is possible.

(Example 2)
The rice seeds and corn seeds coated with steelmaking slag, iron powder, or a mixture of steelmaking slag and iron powder prepared in Example 1 above were dispersed and placed in a plastic dish, and the plastic dish. Was placed in the field under the condition that it was covered with an enclosure so as not to be affected by the wind. Two weeks later, the number of seeds that could not be eaten by the birds was counted, and the seed survival rate was calculated. As a control, similar tests were conducted in parallel for uncoated rice seeds and corn seeds. The results of the remaining rate obtained are shown in Table 3 below.

  As apparent from Table 3 above, rice seed and corn seed coated with a mixture of steelmaking slag, iron powder, and steelmaking slag + iron powder all have higher survival rates than uncoated seeds, and are eaten by birds. I found it impossible.

(Example 3)
A steelmaking slag having the composition shown in Table 1 was pulverized and passed through a sieve having a pore diameter of 600 μm. Further, disodium molybdate that has passed through a sieve having a pore size of 600 μm is added to and mixed with the steelmaking slag having such a particle size, and the content of Mo becomes 20% by mass when the Mo content becomes 10% by mass. Things were prepared.

  (3-1) Steelmaking slag: mixture of iron powder = 95: 5, (3-2) (steelmaking slag: iron powder = 85:15) + disodium molybdate (Mo content: 10% by mass), (3 -3) Rice seeds and corn seeds were coated using three types of mixtures of (steel slag: iron powder = 85: 15) + disodium molybdate (Mo content: 20% by mass).

  Specifically, an aqueous solution of molasses at a concentration of 20% by mass was used, and the mixture of each mixture and molasses was attached to the surfaces of rice seed and corn seed, respectively. Thereafter, the rice seeds and corn seeds to which the mixture was attached were dried to form a coating layer on the seed surface, thereby obtaining coated rice seeds and coated corn seeds.

  Place a filter paper on a 90 mm diameter plastic petri dish, place 20 rice seeds and 20 corn seeds each coated with a mixture of (3-1) to (3-3), and add distilled water. Then, the germination test was carried out by standing at 30 ° C. As a control, the same germination test was conducted in parallel for uncoated rice seeds and corn seeds. The results of the germination test obtained are shown in Table 4 below.

  From the results of germination rate shown in Table 4 above, (3-2) is coated with a mixture containing 15% by mass of Fe alone and less than 20% by mass, but further containing 10% by mass of Mo. The germinated rice seeds and corn seeds were as high in germination rate as the uncoated seeds. On the other hand, rice seeds and corn seeds coated with a mixture having a Mo content of 20% by mass had a lower germination rate than those coated with no Mo.

Example 4
The rice seeds and corn seeds coated with the three types of mixtures (3-1) to (3-3) produced in Example 3 were dispersed in a plastic dish by 50 grains, and the plastics were arranged. The dish was placed outdoors under the condition that it was covered with an enclosure so as not to be affected by the wind. Two weeks later, the number of seeds that could not be eaten by the birds was counted, and the seed survival rate was calculated. As a control, similar tests were conducted in parallel for uncoated rice seeds and corn seeds. The results of the remaining rate obtained are shown in Table 5 below.

  As is apparent from Table 5 above, it was found that any of the coated seeds had a higher survival rate than the uncoated seeds and could not be eaten by birds.

(Example 5)
Blast furnace slag (more specifically, blast furnace granulated slag) shown in Table 6 below was pulverized and prepared through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm. Moreover, disperse sodium molybdate that has passed through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm is added to and mixed with the granulated blast furnace granulated slag, and the Mo content becomes 10% by mass in terms of Mo, and 20% by mass. I prepared what will become.

  (5-1) Granulated blast furnace slag: iron powder = 95: 5, (5-2) (blast furnace granulated slag: iron powder = 85:15) + disodium molybdate (Mo content: 10% by mass) Rice seeds and corn using three types of mixtures: (5-3) (blast furnace granulated slag: iron powder = 85:15) + disodium molybdate (Mo content: 20% by mass) Seeds and soybean seeds were coated.

  Specifically, using an aqueous solution of molasses at a concentration of 20% by mass, the mixture of each mixture and molasses was adhered to the surfaces of rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed, respectively. Thereafter, the rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed to which the mixture was adhered were dried to form a coating layer on the seed surface, thereby obtaining a coated rice seed, coated corn seed and coated soybean seed.

Place a filter paper on a 90 mm diameter plastic petri dish, and place 20 rice seeds, corn seeds and soybean seeds each coated with a mixture of (5-1) to (5-3) on each petri dish. Water was added and the mixture was allowed to stand at 30 ° C. for germination test. As a control, the same germination test was conducted in parallel for uncoated rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed. The results of the germination test obtained are shown in Table 7 below.

  As is clear from the germination rate results in Table 7 above, the rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed coated with the mixture of Mo content 10 mass% in (5-2) are germinated similarly to the uncoated one. Was expensive. On the other hand, the germination rate of the rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed coated with the mixture of Mo content (20-3%) of (5-3) was low.

(Example 6)
Rice seeds, corn seeds and soybean seeds coated with the three types of mixtures (5-1) to (5-3) produced in Example 5 were dispersed in a plastic dish and placed 50 times each. The plastic dish was placed outdoors under the condition that it was covered with an enclosure so as not to be affected by the wind. Two weeks later, the number of seeds that could not be eaten by the birds was counted, and the seed survival rate was calculated. As a control, the same test was conducted in parallel for uncoated rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed. The results of the remaining rate obtained are shown in Table 8 below.

  As apparent from Table 8 above, it was found that any of the coated seeds had a higher survival rate than the uncoated seeds and could not be eaten by birds.

(Example 7-Comparison with iron powder excess seed and molybdenum excess seed)
The particle size was adjusted so as to pass through a sieve having a pore size of 600 μm, and (7-1) pure iron powder, (7-2) pure iron powder and steelmaking slag whose composition is shown in Table 1 were mass ratios. (7-3) Steelmaking slag whose composition is shown in Table 1, (7-4) Iron powder of pure iron and granulated blast furnace slag whose composition is shown in Table 4 Molybdic acid in a mixture prepared by mixing a mass ratio of 1: 9, (7-5) pure iron iron powder and granulated blast furnace slag having a composition shown in Table 4 at a mass ratio of 15:85 Mixture in which the content of molybdenum is 10% by mass in terms of Mo, (7-6) pure iron powder and granulated blast furnace slag whose composition is shown in Table 4 are 15: In the mixture mixed at a ratio of 85, disodium molybdate content of molybdenum becomes 20% by mass in terms of Mo. The mixture was added to cormorants, were prepared. Each of these mixtures was used to coat rice seeds and corn seeds, respectively.

  Specifically, an aqueous solution of molasses at a concentration of 20% by mass was used, and the mixture of each mixture and molasses was attached to the surfaces of rice seeds and corn seeds. Thereafter, the rice seeds and corn seeds to which the mixture was attached were dried to form a coating layer on the seed surface, thereby obtaining coated rice seeds and coated corn seeds.

  A 90 mm diameter plastic petri dish was laid on a filter paper, 20 seeds of each coated seed were placed on each petri dish, distilled water was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 30 ° C. for germination test. As a control, the same germination test was conducted in parallel for uncoated rice seeds and corn seeds. The results of the germination test obtained are shown in Table 9 below.

  As is apparent from the germination rate results in Table 9 above, when the mixture of (7-1) was used, the germination rate was low. This is because the seeds were adversely affected by the temperature rise due to oxidation of iron when iron powder was attached to the seeds, and when the iron ions dissolved in water and oxidized to form iron hydroxide It can be considered that local acidification had an adverse effect on germination.

  When the mixture of (7-2) is used, the content of Fe alone is 5% by mass derived from iron powder, but it is considered that there was almost no influence of temperature increase due to oxidation of iron, and the germination rate is comparable. Met.

  When the mixture of only steelmaking slag (7-3) was used, there was no effect of temperature increase due to oxidation of iron when coating seeds, and it was considered that the germination rate of seeds was high.

  When the mixture of (7-4) is used, the content of Fe alone is 10% by mass derived from iron powder and less than 20% by mass. In this case, the influence of the temperature increase due to the oxidation of iron when coating the seeds was not so large, and the germination rate of the seeds was not so much affected. On the other hand, solidification was fast and stable coated seeds could be obtained easily.

  When the mixture of (7-5) is used, the content of simple Fe is 15% by mass derived from iron powder, and the content of molybdenum is 10% by mass in terms of Mo. Under these conditions, the seed germination rate was high. On the other hand, when the mixture of (7-6) is used, the content of Fe alone is 15% by mass as in the mixture of (7-5), whereas the content of molybdenum is 20 in terms of Mo. % By mass. Under these conditions, the germination rate of seeds was lower than when the mixture of (7-5) was used. From the above results, it is understood that the content of molybdenum contained in the coating is preferably 10% by mass or less in terms of Mo.

  In addition, it confirmed separately that the mixture of (7-2), (7-4), (7-5), (7-6) solidified earlier than the mixture of (7-3).

(Example 8-Germination rate in petri dish test)
The blast furnace granulated slag whose composition was shown in Table 4 was pulverized and passed through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm. Moreover, disodium molybdate that passed through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm was added to and mixed with the granulated blast furnace granulated slag to prepare a Mo content of 10% by mass in terms of Mo. Also, only disodium molybdate that passed through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 μm was prepared. Moreover, only the iron powder that passed through the sieve having a pore size of 75 μm and the iron powder prepared by this particle size were mixed with disodium molybdate that passed through the sieve having a pore size of 75 μm, and the Mo content was 10 mass in terms of Mo. I also prepared what would be%.

  That is, (8-1) blast furnace granulated slag only, (8-2) (blast furnace granulated slag: iron powder = 85: 15) + disodium molybdate (Mo content: 10% by mass), (8 -3) 5 types of mixtures of only disodium molybdate, (8-4) only iron powder, (8-5) mixture of iron powder + disodium molybdate (Mo content: 10% by mass) Rice seeds, corn seeds and soybean seeds were coated.

  Specifically, using an aqueous solution of molasses at a concentration of 20% by mass, each mixture and the mixture of molasses were attached to the surfaces of rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed, respectively. Thereafter, the rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed to which the mixture was adhered were dried to form a coating layer on the seed surface, thereby obtaining a coated rice seed, coated corn seed and coated soybean seed.

  Place a filter paper on a 90 mm diameter plastic petri dish, and place 20 rice seeds, corn seeds and soybean seeds coated with each of the mixtures (8-1) to (8-5) for each petri dish, Distilled water was added and the mixture was allowed to stand at 30 ° C. for germination test. As a control, the same germination test was conducted in parallel for uncoated rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed. The results of the germination test obtained are shown in Table 10 below.

  As is clear from the germination rate results in Table 10, rice seeds, corn seeds and soybean seeds coated with (8-1) or (8-2) have a high germination level that is almost the same as that of uncoated seeds. It was rate. On the other hand, the germination rate of the rice seed, corn seed and soybean seed coated with (8-3), (8-4) or (8-5) was low.

  (8-3) The reason why the germination rate was low when only disodium molybdate was coated was that molybdate ions eluted from disodium molybdate and having strong oxidizing power were seedlings and seedlings when seeds germinated. Possible damage to the roots. In addition, (8-4) iron powder alone or (8-5) iron powder + disodium molybdate (Mo content: 10 mass%) Oxidation of iron ions eluted from the soil and acidification associated with hydroxide formation may have caused damage to the young shoots and young roots when the seeds germinated, and iron hydroxide adhered to the surface of the young roots. It is possible that water or ion absorption was hindered by covering.

(Example 9-Germination rate in soil)
The soil which generate | occur | produced the hydrogen sulfide put into the pot was prepared, and the mixture of (8-1)-(8-5) produced in Example 8 with respect to the depth of 1 cm of the soil in each pot. Rice seeds, corn seeds, and soybean seeds coated with each were sown 20 times each. As controls, uncoated rice seeds, corn seeds and soybean seeds were sown in the same manner. After 15 days, the germination rate was calculated on the assumption that the plants on the ground were germinated. The results obtained are shown in Table 11 below.

  From the results of germination rate in Table 9, the germination rate was highest in rice seeds, corn seeds and soybean seeds coated with the mixture of (8-2). It is thought that soil sulfite ions were oxidized by the oxidizing power of molybdate ions eluted from disodium molybdate, and root rot was suppressed. In addition, it is considered that fertilizer effect elements such as Ca and Si eluted from granulated blast furnace slag contributed to the growth of radicles and seedlings at the time of germination and the growth of seedlings and seedlings on the ground.

  Similarly, in the case of covering only with disodium molybdate in (8-3), as a result of oxidation of soil sulfide ions by the oxidizing power of molybdate ions eluted from disodium molybdate, root rot is suppressed. It is thought that the germination rate was high. On the other hand, when coated with a mixture of (8-5) iron powder + disodium molybdate (Mo content: 10% by mass), oxidation of divalent iron ions eluted from iron powder to trivalent iron ions The oxidizing power of molybdate ions eluted from disodium molybdate is consumed. Therefore, the oxidation of sulfide ions was suppressed, and although the germination rate was higher than the coating of only iron powder of (8-4), the germination rate was lower than the coating of the mixture of (8-2) it is conceivable that. However, when covered only with disodium molybdate (8-3), the Mo-containing compound is expensive, so compared to the cases of (8-1) and (8-2) using slag. This is disadvantageous in terms of cost.

(Example 10)
A steelmaking slag having a composition shown in Table 1 and passing through a sieve having a pore diameter of 180 μm and iron powder (purity> 99%) were prepared. A steelmaking slag + iron powder mixture was prepared by mixing the steelmaking slag and iron powder adjusted in particle size at a mass ratio of 90:10.

  By mixing this steelmaking slag + iron powder mixture and water, or the aforementioned particle size-adjusted iron powder and water mixture with corn seeds, steelmaking slag + iron powder is added to the surface of the corn seeds. A mixture of + water or iron powder + water was allowed to adhere. These corn seeds were dried at room temperature to form a coating layer made of steelmaking slag + iron powder or a coating layer made of iron powder on the seed surface.

  A coated seed having a coating layer of steelmaking slag + iron powder or iron powder was embedded in the resin, and after polishing, the cross section of the coating layer was observed with an optical microscope. The porosity of the coating layer made of steelmaking slag + iron powder or the coating layer made of iron powder was determined with reference to the area of the pores in the area of the coating observed in the cross section of the coating. The results obtained are shown in Table 12 below.

  As apparent from Table 12 above, the coating layer made of steel slag + iron powder showed a high porosity of 20%, whereas the coating layer made of iron powder had a low porosity of 1%. It became. It was found that a dense coating layer was formed in the coating layer made of iron powder, and there were almost no voids important as water and air supply channels for water supply and oxygen supply during germination. On the other hand, in the coating layer made of steelmaking slag + iron powder, it was found that there were sufficient voids important as water and air supply paths for supplying moisture and supplying oxygen.

Germination tests were conducted using corn seeds coated with these steelmaking slag + iron powder and corn seeds coated with iron powder.
More specifically, a filter paper is spread on a 90 mm diameter plastic petri dish, and the corn seed covered with steelmaking slag + iron powder that has passed through a sieve with a pore diameter of 180 μm and iron powder that has passed through a sieve with a pore diameter of 180 μm per petri dish. 20 corn seeds coated with each were placed, added with distilled water, and allowed to stand at 28 ° C. for germination test. At this time, the amount of distilled water added was adjusted so that the seeds were not flooded. The results of the obtained bud test are shown in Table 13 below.

  As apparent from Table 13, the germination rate of corn seeds coated with iron powder was as low as 65%. This is probably because the iron powder coating has a low porosity of 1% and a dense coating layer is formed, so that moisture supply and oxygen supply to the seeds are not sufficient, and germination is suppressed. . In contrast, the germination rate of corn seeds coated with steelmaking slag + iron powder was as good as 85%. This is considered to be because the porosity was as high as 20% when coated with steelmaking slag + iron powder, and the supply of water and oxygen to the seeds was good.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described in detail, this invention is not limited to this example. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (27)

And CaO more than 25 wt% to 50 wt%, containing at least for steelmaking slag SiO ₂ of 8 mass% to 30 mass%, the or the at least one of blast furnace slag, and an Fe, and water, A method for producing a coated seed, wherein a predetermined seed is coated with a mixture obtained by mixing the Fe element, wherein the mixture amount of the single Fe is greater than 0% by mass and less than 20% by mass relative to the total mass of the solid content.   The method for producing a coated seed according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the coating layer by the mixture is 17 to 50%. The mixture further includes a Mo-containing compound,
The total of the said Mo containing compound is a manufacturing method of the coated seed of Claim 1 or 2 which is more than 0 mass% and 10 mass% or less with respect to the solid content whole mass of the said mixture. The steelmaking slag includes 25% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less of CaO, 8% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less of SiO ₂ , 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of MgO, and 1% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less. The total amount of Al ₂ O ₃ , Mn of 1 to 8% by mass, and P ₂ O _{5 of} 0.1 to 5% by mass is 100% by mass or less. The manufacturing method of the coated seed of any one of Claims 1-3 contained so that it may contain.   5. The steelmaking slag according to claim 1, wherein the steelmaking slag is either or both of a converter steelmaking slag and / or an electric furnace steelmaking slag that are at least one of dephosphorization slag and decarburization slag. A method for producing coated seeds. The blast furnace slag is composed of 35% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less of CaO, 25% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less of SiO ₂ , 2% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less of MgO, and 8% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. at least one, the sum contains so that 100 wt% or less, a method of manufacturing coated seed according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and Al ₂ O _3, of.   The said steelmaking slag is a manufacturing method of the coated seed of any one of Claims 1-6 which is the steelmaking slag which passes a sieve with a hole diameter of 600 micrometers.   The said blast furnace slag is a manufacturing method of the coated seed of any one of Claims 1-7 which is a blast furnace slag which passes a sieve with a hole diameter of 600 micrometers.   The said blast furnace slag is a manufacturing method of the coated seed of any one of Claims 1-8 which is a blast furnace slag which passes a sieve with a hole diameter of 75 micrometers.   The said blast furnace slag is a blast furnace granulated slag, The manufacturing method of the coated seed of any one of Claims 1-9.   The said mixture further contains at least 1 sort (s) selected from the group which consists of coal ash, gypsum, iron powder, and cement, The manufacturing method of the coated seed of any one of Claims 1-10. The coal ash includes 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of CaO, 40% by mass or more and 75% by mass or less of SiO ₂ , 2% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of Fe ₂ O ₃ , and 15% by mass or more of 35%. the mass% of Al ₂ O _3, of at least one, the sum contains so that 100 wt% or less, the production method of the coated seed of claim 11.   The method for producing coated seeds according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the coal ash is coal ash that passes through a sieve having a pore diameter of 75 µm.   Content of the said coal ash in the said mixture is manufacture of the coated seed of any one of Claims 11-13 which is 0 to 20 mass% with respect to the solid total mass of the said mixture. Method.   The ratio of the said water in the said mixture is a manufacturing method of the coated seed of any one of Claims 1-14 which is 10 to 80 mass% with respect to the whole mass of the said mixture.   The said water is a manufacturing method of the coated seed of any one of Claims 1-15 which is the water which contains waste molasses 10 mass% or more and 50 mass% or less.   The said seed is the seed of the plant cultivated in the submerged state, or the seed of the plant cultivated in the non-submerged state, The manufacture of the coated seed of any one of Claims 1-16 Method.   The method for producing coated seeds according to claim 17, wherein the seeds of the plant cultivated in the flooded state are gramineous plant seeds.   The method for producing coated seeds according to claim 18, wherein the seeds of the Gramineae plant are paddy rice seeds.   The method for producing coated seeds according to claim 17, wherein the seeds of the plant cultivated in a non-flooded state are gramineous plants.   The method for producing coated seeds according to claim 17, wherein the seeds of the plant cultivated without flooding are seeds of legumes, laceae plants, edible herbaceous plants, or useful plants.   The method for producing coated seeds according to claim 20, wherein the seeds of the grass family are upland rice seeds, corn seeds or wheat seeds. The legume seeds are soybean seeds or azuki bean seeds,
The seed of the aceae plant is buckwheat seed,
The seeds of the edible herbaceous plant are carrot seeds, tomato seeds, or sugar beet seeds,
The method for producing a coated seed according to claim 21, wherein the seed of the useful plant is a turf seed, a grass seed, a green fertilizer plant seed, or a flowering tree seed.   The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein at least any one of a disinfectant, an insecticide, and a herbicide is attached to the surface of the seed coated with the mixture.   The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein an alginic acid compound is infiltrated into the surface of the seed coated with the mixture.   The method for producing a coated seed according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein the seed is a seed coated with starch. 27. A method for seeding a coated seed, wherein the coated seed produced by the method for producing a coated seed according to any one of claims 1 to 26 is directly sown on a cultivation site for cultivating the coated seed.