JP6362998B2 - Playground drainage structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drainage structure for a playground.

  In outdoor playgrounds that perform various sports such as baseball, soccer, and rugby, an appropriate drainage structure is usually provided so that rainwater does not stay on the surface of the playground for a long time. Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe an example thereof. Patent Document 1 discloses a water-resistant aggregate obtained by using a surface layer of a sports field and a aggregate structure stabilizing material provided under the surface layer. A rainwater storage facility having a rainwater storage tank made of structured soil, provided with a water permeable portion filled with crushed stone adjacent to the surface layer and the rainwater storage layer, and rainwater on the surface layer and rainwater from a lateral groove It describes what flows into the rainwater reservoir through the water permeable portion. Further, in Patent Document 2, a water-permeable underdrain is provided under the surface layer of the athletic field, and a gutter for drainage is provided in the periphery, and rainwater that permeates downward from the surface layer flows into the underdrain, A drainage structure is described in which rainwater that drains into the ground from the culvert with time and flows on the surface layer flows into the side ditch and is discharged out of the playground.

  On the other hand, when a rainwater storage and penetration tank is constructed in the ground, or when the ground where the rainwater storage and penetration tank is constructed is soft ground, water storage space forming members made of resin material are stacked in multiple stages, Forming a rainwater storage and penetration tank as a structure that is covered with a water-permeable sheet is performed, and examples thereof are described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 and the like.

JP 2002-70126 A JP 2009-102913 A JP 2010-127052 A JP 2009-24447 A

  The drainage structure provided in the outdoor playground is designed based on the past rainfall, and if the rainfall is within the design value range, it will show appropriate drainage capacity, and rainwater will not stay on the surface of the playground . However, in recent years, so-called torrential rains have frequently occurred with a large amount of rainfall exceeding the past rainfall data within a short period of time. It is no longer possible to take appropriate measures to deal with intensive torrential rain. As described in Patent Document 1, in a drainage structure in which a rainwater storage tank made of water-resistant aggregated structure soil is provided under the surface layer, the rainwater storage tank itself has a large volume, so that the rainwater storage tank itself has a certain capacity against concentrated heavy rain. However, it is difficult to secure a large porosity in the rainwater storage tank using water-resistant aggregated soil, and there is a water storage space that can appropriately cope with torrential rain. It is difficult to actually construct a rainwater storage tank. Further, in the drainage structure described in Patent Document 2, the rainwater treatment capacity is naturally limited, and rainwater that could not be treated by the side grooves or rainwater that could not flow into the underdrain stayed on the surface layer of the playground for a long time. This prevents the use of the playground.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a drainage structure for an athletic field that can appropriately treat rainwater even in torrential rain such as guerrilla heavy rain, and more specifically, temporarily exceeds the plan. It is an object of the present invention to provide a more improved athletic field drainage structure that can reliably prevent the rainwater from staying on the surface layer of the athletic field even when there is an amount of rainfall.

  The drainage structure of the athletic field according to the present invention is an athletic field drainage structure having a side groove, and a rainwater storage and infiltration tank having a water-permeable surface layer and at least a resin material embedded under the surface layer as a structural material, And a communication part that communicates the rainwater storage and permeation tank and the side groove, and the side wall of the side groove and the upper part of the rainwater storage and permeation tank are communicated by the communication part, and rainwater passes through the surface layer. While flowing into the rainwater storage and penetration tank, it flows into the rainwater storage and penetration tank from the side groove via the communication portion.

  In the athletic field drainage structure according to the present invention, preferably, side grooves are arranged on the outer periphery of the athletic field, and a gradient is formed from the center toward the periphery so that rainwater can easily flow into the side grooves of the athletic field. During normal rainfall, rainwater that falls on the surface layer passes through the surface layer and flows into the rainwater storage and penetration tank that uses the ground and resin material under the surface layer as structural materials, and flows over the surface layer. Also flows into the side groove. Rainwater that has flowed into a rainwater storage and penetration tank that uses a resin material as a structural material gradually permeates the surrounding ground over time. Rainwater that has flowed into the gutter flows out to the wastewater treatment section outside the playground through a catchment.

  During torrential rain, more rainwater than can flow into the external wastewater treatment section temporarily flows into the gutter, and the water level in the gutter rises. When the water surface in the side groove reaches the level of the inlet of the communication part that communicates the rainwater storage and infiltration tank located on the side wall of the side groove and the side groove, the rainwater flows into the communication part and passes through there. It flows into the tank. Inflowed rainwater temporarily permeates into the surrounding ground with time while staying in the rainwater storage and permeation tank.

  That is, in the drainage structure of the athletic field according to the present invention, when the rainwater level in the gutter reaches a required height, such as during a heavy rain, the rainwater in the gutter passes through the communication part from the gutter and passes through the rainwater reservoir. It flows into the tank. Therefore, the rainwater does not overflow from the side groove, and it is possible to avoid the rainwater from staying on the surface layer of the athletic field.

  Furthermore, in the drainage structure of the athletic field according to the present invention, the communication part is provided at a position where the side wall of the lateral groove communicates with the upper part of the rainwater storage and penetration tank. Therefore, when the water level on the side groove side and the water level on the rainwater storage and infiltration tank side are both lower than the communication part, that is, when there is no rainfall or normal rainfall, the communication part is not connected. It can serve as a pore. By the communication portion functioning as a vent hole, it is possible to suppress an increase in the surface temperature of the permeable surface layer in the upper part of the rainwater storage and penetration tank having the resin material as a structural material and in the vicinity thereof.

  The relationship between the amount of rainwater flowing into a rainwater storage and infiltration tank with a resin material as a structural material per hour and the amount of permeation of rainwater from the rainwater storage and infiltration tank into the ground per hour The rainwater storage and permeation tank that fills up may become full, and rainwater may overflow from the gutter. In such a case, since rainwater will stay on the surface layer of the playground, it is necessary to avoid such a situation. When designing the actual drainage structure, set the maximum design rainfall in the case of torrential rain that is expected in consideration of the safety factor, and based on that value, the rainwater storage and infiltration tank using resin material as the structural material Set the effective water storage volume and the cross-sectional area of the side groove.

  The drainage structure of the athletic field according to the present invention employs, as a rainwater storage and penetration tank, a rainwater storage and penetration tank that uses a resin material as a structural material, for example, as described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 described above. By using a resin material as a structural material, it is possible to secure a high porosity as a rainwater storage and penetration tank while ensuring the required strength, and to increase the amount of rainwater stored per unit volume as a rainwater storage and penetration tank Can do. In addition, since the rainwater storage and permeation tank itself is a structure and a resin material is used as a structural material, a rainwater storage and permeation tank having an arbitrary volume can be easily embedded in the ground.

  In the drainage structure of the athletic field according to the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the arrangement position of the rainwater storage and penetration tank and the arrangement position of the side groove below the surface layer and the surface layer, as long as the original function as the athletic field is not hindered. Can be arranged. In a preferred aspect, the surface layer is provided on the entire surface of the motion field or a part thereof. When provided over the entire surface, there is an advantage that almost all the area of the playground can be used for the original purpose of the playground. Moreover, there is an advantage that the drainage structure according to the present invention can be easily post-constructed with respect to an existing playground. In addition, an appropriate underdrain can be arranged in the main part of the playground as in the conventional case, and in that case, the drainage performance is further improved.

  In another preferred aspect, the rainwater storage and penetration tank is provided on the entire surface of the playground or a part thereof. When it is provided on the entire surface, it is possible to increase the volume of the rainwater storage and penetration tank, and it is possible to more reliably avoid the overflow of rainwater from the side groove and staying on the surface layer of the athletic field. .

  In the drainage structure of the playground according to the present invention, there is no limitation on other configurations of the playground, provided that the surface layer of the playground is a water-permeable surface layer. In a preferred aspect, the surface layer is composed of an artificial turf member and a cushioning material. Since the surface layer is an artificial turf, the maintenance of the playground is facilitated, and a rainwater storage and penetration tank is provided between the rainwater storage and penetration tank and the artificial turf. The impact from above on can be mitigated.

  In one aspect of the drainage structure of the athletic field according to the present invention, the rainwater storage and penetration tank is covered with a water permeable sheet. In this aspect, sand or the like can be prevented from entering the rainwater storage and penetration tank, and the effective volume of the rainwater storage and penetration tank can be maintained over a long period of time.

  In the drainage structure of a playground according to the present invention, the term “playground” is used as a term indicating an area where exercise is performed by an unspecified or specific person. Examples include baseball stadiums, soccer stadiums, rugby stadiums and other ball games, athletics stadiums, cycle sports stadiums, and the like. It also includes school grounds. That is, the concept includes not only a fair ground but also a foul ground in a baseball field, and includes not only an in field but also an out field in a soccer field.

  According to the present invention, even when there is a heavy rain with a large amount of precipitation in a short time, such as a heavy rain, rainwater can be quickly removed from the surface of the playground, and rainwater remains on the surface of the playground for a long time. A more improved playground drainage structure is provided that can reliably avoid stagnation.

The typical top view for explaining one embodiment of the drainage structure of the athletic field by the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the athletic field shown in FIG. 1. The figure for demonstrating an example of the rainwater storage penetration tank which uses a resin material as a structural material. The figure which shows an example of the athletic field which has arrange | positioned the artificial grass.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view for explaining an embodiment of a drainage structure for a playground according to the present invention. In this example, the athletic field 1 is an athletic field for soccer or rugby and has a rectangular shape in plan view. A U-shaped side groove 3 for drainage and a rainwater storage and infiltration tank 4 having a resin material as a structural material are provided in an outer peripheral region 2 having a width of about 2 m, for example. In this example, the U-shaped side groove 3 is formed over the entire circumference of the athletic field 1, and an appropriate number of rainwater storage and penetration tanks 4 having a resin material as a structural material at a predetermined interval inside the U-shaped side groove 3. The pieces are buried. In this example, an artificial turf member 6 is spread on the surface of the athletic field 1 including the upper surface area of the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 to form a water-permeable surface layer 5.

  2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The main part of the athletic field 1 is subjected to leveling treatment with crushed stone 8 or the like on the ground 7, and a water-permeable asphalt layer (not shown) is provided on the ground 7 as necessary. A turf member 6 is disposed. A conventionally known artificial turf member 6 can be appropriately used. FIG. 4 shows an example of a playground using the artificial turf member 6. Here, the turf yarn 101 is planted on the base fabric 102, and the backing material 103 is applied to the back surface of the base fabric 102 so that the turf yarn is applied. 101 is fixed, and the artificial turf member 6 is provided with a granular material layer 105 by filling a granular material between the planted turf yarns 101. The artificial turf member 6 is laid on a base layer 106 such as a water-permeable asphalt layer as a surface layer to form a playground. In the artificial turf member 6 of this form, the granular material layer 105 has an upper layer 112 and a lower layer 113 made of only elastic granular material on the upper and lower sides of the middle layer 111 made of a mixture of elastic granular material and hard granular material, respectively. Even when a part of the hard granular material of the middle layer 111 moves in the granular material layer 105, the hard granular material becomes the elastic granular material layer of the lower layer 113. Since it is taken in, the layer only of a hard granular material is not formed. This form of artificial turf playground is described in Japanese Patent No. 5341401.

  As described above, the U-shaped side groove 3 made of concrete is provided on the outer edge of the outer peripheral region 2 of the athletic field 1 over the entire circumference, and the U-shaped side groove 3 includes a water-permeable lid 31 and is provided on the side wall 32. Has through-holes 33 in place. Needless to say, the lid 31 may be formed with through holes for allowing rainwater to flow in, or may be formed with a lattice shape. Further, the U-shaped side groove 3 may be made of water-permeable concrete.

  An appropriate number of rainwater storage and penetration tanks 4 made of the above-described resin material as a structural material are arranged in a state of being embedded in the ground 7 so as to be in contact with the inner side wall 32 of the U-shaped side groove 3. FIG. 3 shows an example of the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 using a resin material as a structural material. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 40 denotes a water storage space forming member which is a structural material made of a resin material (for example, made of polypropylene resin), and a large number of longitudinal structures 41 have a cross-sectional shape and a mountain shape. It has a continuous shape. The upper and lower surfaces of the water storage space forming member 40 as a whole are substantially parallel to each other, and upper end edges of adjacent longitudinal structures 41 have upper end surfaces 44 having concave portions 42 and convex portions 43 in the longitudinal direction. The lower end edges are continuous with each other at the lower end surface 45 having an opening into which the region of the convex portion 43 formed on the upper end surface 44 can enter. As shown in the drawing, the water storage space forming member 40 having the same form is stacked in multiple stages while changing the direction by 90 degrees to form the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4, and between the vertical structures 41 in the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4. The space existing in is used as a space 46 for storing water. Further, in the illustrated example, a lid member 47 is disposed on the upper surface of the uppermost water storage space forming member 40a of the water storage space forming member 40 stacked in multiple stages constituting the rainwater storage permeation tank 4, and the rainwater storage permeation tank The upper surface of 4 is a flat surface.

  The rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 having the above-described configuration is described in Patent Document 3. In the present invention, the rainwater storage and permeation tank 4 having a resin material as a structural material is not limited to this. For example, a rainwater having a conventionally known resin material as a structural material such as the one described in Patent Document 4 is used. A storage permeation tank can be appropriately selected and used.

  In the construction, the surface of the playground 1 is first subjected to leveling treatment with crushed stone 8 or the like. Next, for example, a range of about 2 m in width of the peripheral region 2 is excavated in order to embed the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 having the U-shaped side groove 3 and the resin material as a structural material. After the leveling process using crushed stone or the like is performed on the bottom of the excavation, the U-shaped side groove 3 is embedded in the outer portion of the excavation area. At that time, with the lid 31 in the U-shaped side groove 3, the upper surface of the lid 31 and the upper surface of the surface layer 5 of the exercise field 1 are made to substantially coincide. When the artificial turf member 6 having the form shown in FIG. 4 is used, the level of the upper surface of the granular material layer 105 of the artificial turf member 6 to be arranged and the upper surface of the lid 31 are substantially matched.

  Next, a water-permeable sheet 9 such as a nonwoven fabric is disposed on the excavation surface, and the rainwater storage and permeation tank 4 is formed by arranging the water storage space forming member 40 in multiple stages on the excavation surface. Cover with a water-permeable sheet 9. And although it is omissible, the above-mentioned lid member 47 is arranged on the uppermost water storage space forming member 40a. In addition, when installing, it constructs so that the side wall 32 inside the U-shaped side groove | channel 3 and the side surface of the rainwater storage penetration tank 4 may be in close contact.

  By changing the number and stage number of the water storage space forming members 40, the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 having a resin material having a required water storage volume as a structural material can be easily formed. The lateral width of the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 is preferably substantially the same as the width obtained by subtracting the width of the U-shaped side groove 3 from the width of the excavation groove. The height is preferably slightly higher than the position of the through hole 33 formed in the upper portion of the side wall 32 of the U-shaped side groove 3.

  Next, a water-permeable cushioning material 10 is disposed on the upper surface of the rainwater storage and permeation tank 4 using the embedded resin material as a structural material. The thickness of the water-permeable cushioning material 10 to be arranged is a thickness at which the level of the upper surface of the cushioning material 40 after the placement and the level of the upper surface of the layer of crushed stone 8 after the above-mentioned leveling treatment of the sports field 1 are substantially the same. . In addition, after arrange | positioning the buffer material 10, you may make it cover the rainwater storage penetration tank 4 and the buffer material 10 with the above-mentioned water-permeable sheet 9. FIG. Finally, the artificial turf member 6 is spread on the surface of the sports field 1 excluding the U-shaped side groove 3 to complete the sports field drainage structure according to the present invention.

  The through hole 33 of the side groove 3 is provided so as to correspond to the uppermost position of the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4. That is, when the lid member 47 is disposed, the through hole 33 is positioned with reference to the position of the upper surface of the lid member 47.

  In the above drainage structure of the athletic field, the through-hole 33 formed in the side wall 32 of the U-shaped side groove 3 is in a state of being in direct contact with the side surface of the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 using a resin material as a structural material. Therefore, if water is sent from the through hole 33 toward the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4, the water flows directly into the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 from the through hole 33. Accordingly, in the above drainage structure of the athletic field, the “through hole 33” also constitutes a “communication portion that communicates the rainwater storage permeation and the side groove” in the present invention.

  If only the “through hole 33” leaks and the movement of rainwater to the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 does not proceed smoothly, or the side wall 32 in which the through hole 33 of the U-shaped side groove 3 is formed. When there is a gap between the surface and the side surface of the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4, an appropriate water guide member that communicates the exit side of the “through hole 33” and the inside of the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 is separately arranged. In this case, the “water guide member” separately provided constitutes the “communication portion” in the present invention.

  In addition, what was known conventionally can be suitably used for the above-mentioned water-permeable cushioning material 10. As an example, a water-permeable buffer material described in JP-A No. 2004-232365, which is formed by mutually binding soft chips such as rubber with a binder containing polyamide fibers, described in JP-A No. 5-247904 A water-permeable cushion material layer comprising at least the vulcanized rubber sponge pulverized product of the vulcanized rubber pulverized product and vulcanized rubber sponge pulverized product, and the crushed product adhered to each other; and the cushion material layer An elastic pavement material characterized by comprising a water-permeable sheet layer adhered on at least one of the two surfaces. Of course, the laminated member of the water-permeable asphalt layer mentioned above and the base layer 106 may be sufficient.

  Although not shown in the drawing, an appropriate number of water-permeable underdrains are provided in a region other than the region where the U-shaped side grooves 3 and the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 of the athletic field 1 are arranged, as in the conventional athletic field. You can also. In that case, the underdrain may be connected to an external wastewater treatment unit. Further, the surface of the sports field 1 is provided with a slight inclination toward the U-shaped side groove 3.

  Next, the behavior of the drainage structure of the above playing field during normal times and during heavy rains will be described. When there is no rainfall, there is no stagnation of rainwater in the U-shaped side groove 3 and the rainwater storage and permeation tank 4 having a resin material as a structural material, and it is in an empty state. At this time, the internal space 46 of the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4, that is, the internal space 46 that functions as the rainwater storage space, is in a state of communicating with the outside air through the through holes 33 formed in the side wall 32 of the U-shaped side groove 3. The increase in the surface temperature of the artificial turf member 6 that is the surface layer 5 of the athletic field 1 can be suppressed by the ventilation. Of course, the same effect can be obtained even if rainwater stays in the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4.

  When there is a normal level of rain, a part of the rain that falls on the artificial turf member 6 that is the surface of the playground 1 penetrates the artificial turf member 6, penetrates the layer of crushed stone 8, and penetrates into the ground 7. A part of the material passes through the artificial turf member 6, passes through the water-permeable buffer material 10, flows down into the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4, and temporarily stays in the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4. Then, it penetrates into the ground 7 through the water permeable sheet 9. Further, a part of the rainwater flows on the surface of the artificial turf member 6 toward the U-shaped side groove 3 and flows into the U-shaped side groove 3. The inflowing rainwater enters an external rainwater treatment facility (not shown) and is drained to a river or the like. Under normal rainfall, the level of rainwater flowing into the U-shaped side groove 3 does not reach the level of the through-hole 33 formed in the side wall 32 of the U-shaped side groove 3, and the rainwater flowing through the through-hole 33. Communication between the storage and permeation tank 4 and the outside air is maintained.

  Even when there is a large amount of rainfall, such as during heavy rain, some rainwater permeates through the artificial turf member 6 and through the layer of crushed stone 8 and penetrates into the ground 7. Part of the artificial turf member 6 passes through the water-permeable cushioning material 10 and flows into the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4. The remaining rainwater flows with the surface of the artificial turf member 6 facing the U-shaped side groove 3 and flows into the U-shaped side groove 3. When the amount of rainfall is enormous, the amount of rainwater that flows into the U-shaped side gutter 3 may exceed the amount that flows out to an external rainwater treatment facility.

  In this state, the water level in the U-shaped side groove 3 gradually increases and reaches the level of the through hole 33 formed in the side wall 32 of the U-shaped side groove 3. Thereafter, rainwater flows into the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 through the through-hole 33 functioning as the communication portion. Thereby, it is possible to avoid overflowing rainwater from the U-shaped side groove 3. Rainwater that has flowed into the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 through the through-holes 33 temporarily permeates the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4, penetrates the water permeable sheet 9 and permeates into the surrounding ground 7 with time. I will do it.

  As described above, in the drainage structure of the athletic field according to the present invention, even if there is a large amount of rainfall temporarily, a part of the rain is stored in the rainwater storage and infiltration tank 4 using the resin material as a structural material and in the ground. By making it infiltrate, it can be avoided that rainwater overflows from the U-shaped side groove 3. Thereby, it is possible to prevent stagnation of rainwater on the surface of the playground and to prevent the outside of the playground from becoming flooded.

  Although not shown, the rainwater storage and permeation tank 4 having a resin material as a structural material may be disposed over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral region 2 of the athletic field 1. Moreover, it can also arrange | position in the substantially whole surface area | region of the sports field 1. By doing so, it is possible to increase the effective rainwater storage amount without increasing the height of the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4, and to ensure higher safety against concentrated heavy rain while being easy to construct. can do. In addition, the rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 is configured by laminating the water storage space forming member 40, which is a structural material made of the resin material described above, while changing its orientation to 90 degrees, and its construction is easy. The rainwater storage and penetration tank 4 having an arbitrary volume can be easily constructed. Furthermore, it can be easily post-constructed for an existing playground.

1 ... Playground,
2 ... the outer peripheral area of the playground,
3 ... U-shaped side gutter for drainage,
31 ... U-shaped side groove lid,
32 ... Side wall of U-shaped side groove,
33 ... A through-hole formed in the side wall (a communication part that connects the rainwater storage and permeation tank and the side groove),
4 ... Rainwater storage and penetration tank with resin material as structural material,
40 ... Water storage space forming member which is a structural material made of resin material,
46 ... Space for storing rainwater,
47. Lid member,
5 ... the surface layer of the playground,
6 ... Artificial grass member,
7 ... Ground,
8 ... crushed stone,
9 ... Water-permeable sheet,
10: Water-permeable cushioning material.

Claims (4)

A drainage structure for a playground having a side groove,
A surface layer having water permeability;
A rainwater storage and penetration tank having at least a resin material embedded under the surface layer as a structural material; and
Consists of a communication portion that communicates the rainwater storage and penetration tank and the lateral groove,
The side wall of the side groove and the upper part of the side surface side of the rainwater storage permeation tank are communicated by the communication portion,
Of the openings formed at both ends of the communication portion, the opening formed on the rainwater storage and penetration tank side is formed at a position higher than the bottom surface of the side groove, and the opening formed on the side groove side is the side groove. The side wall of the side groove is formed in a portion spaced upward from the bottom surface of the side groove ,
Rainwater flows into the rainwater storage and permeation tank through the surface layer, and flows into the rainwater storage and permeation tank from the side groove through the communication portion ,
The surface layer is composed of an artificial turf member and a water-permeable cushioning material .   The drainage structure for an athletic field according to claim 1, wherein the rainwater storage and penetration tank is embedded in the entire surface layer or a part thereof.   The drainage structure for a playground according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer is provided on the entire surface of the playground or a part thereof. The drainage structure for a playground according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the rainwater storage and penetration tank is covered with a water-permeable sheet.

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