JP6339844B2 - Laser welding method for vehicle door sash and laser welding method for metal material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for laser welding a plurality of sash members of a vehicle door sash and a method for laser welding two metal members.

In laser welding, laser light (generally a CO ₂ laser, YAG laser or semiconductor fiber laser) is used as a heat source and focused on two welding parts (mainly metal) to locally melt and solidify the two welding parts. It is known as a method of joining by this (Patent Document 1). When compared with MIG welding or TIG welding, laser welding does not require a welding rod (filler wire) in principle, and has an advantage that the welding speed is very fast, for example, several meters / second. As for the vehicle door sash, conventionally, a plurality of sash members having different extending directions in a side view of the vehicle are welded by MIG welding or TIG welding (Patent Document 2).

JP 2003-136262 A JP 2003-112525 A

  However, in laser welding, it is difficult to manage the gap between the butt end faces of a pair of metal members to be welded. If the gap is large, the gap is rather enlarged by the laser beam, and there is a problem that welding cannot be performed in practice. In thin metal materials such as door sashes for vehicles, this problem has become more prominent and hinders the application of laser welding.

  The present invention provides a laser welding method capable of laser welding a plurality of sash members or two metal members constituting a vehicle door sash without requiring precise gap management in consideration of the above problems with respect to laser welding. The purpose is to obtain.

The present invention is a vehicle door sash that forms a window opening above a door panel, and the door sash is made of a pair of metal pieces having a positional relationship in which the extending directions of the door sash intersect in a side view and are linear in a plan view . In the aspect of the laser welding method for a vehicle door sash in which the end surfaces of the sash members are abutted and laser welding is performed along the abutting end surfaces in a direction perpendicular to the side view , the pair of sash members to be welded Forming an acute corner at one end of the butt end surface when viewed from a direction parallel to the laser welding direction; a butt end surface of the one sash member; and a butt end surface of the other sash member; In the positional relationship in which the corner portion forming the acute angle of the one sash member protrudes from the butt end surface of the other sash member And welding the butt end faces of said pair of sash members allowed to proceed welded in a direction perpendicular to the side view by applying a laser beam at an acute angle corner portion of the other of the sash abutting end surface of one said protruding from butt end face of the member And a step of performing.
When the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the extending direction is the same cross-sectional shape, the pair of sash members to be welded can easily move one butt end surface from the other butt end surface by shifting the butt end surfaces to the extension direction. It is possible to match with the protruding positional relationship.

  The pair of butted end faces are practically formed by a combination of a plurality of intersecting planes.

Further, the present invention is to abut the end surfaces of a pair of metal members in a positional relationship in which the extending directions of each other intersect in a side view and are linear in a plan view, and laser light in a direction perpendicular to the side view along the abutting end surface In an aspect of the laser welding method of a metal material that is welded and bonded to at least one end portion of the butted end surfaces of the pair of metal members, an acute corner is seen from a direction parallel to the laser welding progress direction. A step of forming a portion; a step of abutting the butt end surface of the one metal member and the butt end surface of the other metal member in a positional relationship in which the corner portion forming the acute angle projects from the butt end surface of the other metal member; and advancing welding in the direction perpendicular to the side view by applying a laser beam at an acute angle corner portion of the abutting end surface of one said protruding from butt end face of the other metal member So, the step of welding the butt end face of the pair of metal members; is characterized by having a.
When the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the extending direction is the same cross-sectional shape, the pair of metal members to be welded can easily move one butt end surface from the other butt end surface by shifting the butt end surfaces to the extension direction. It is possible to match with the protruding positional relationship.

  According to the laser welding method of the present invention, a plurality of sash members or two metal members constituting a vehicle door sash can be laser welded without requiring precise gap management.

(A), (B), (C), (D) shows one embodiment of the laser welding method according to the present invention, (A) is a perspective view before cutting a metal material, (B) is cutting. (C) is a partially enlarged perspective view of (B), and (D) is a schematic (cross-sectional) view showing a state in which a gap between butt end faces is filled by laser welding. It is a side view of the door sash for vehicles which applies the laser welding method concerning the present invention. It is the III section enlarged side view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view corresponding to FIG. 4 showing a state of a conventional butt end face. It is sectional drawing which follows the VI-VI line of FIG. . It is sectional drawing which follows the VI-VI line of FIG. 3 in the state which mounted | wore with the design member, the glass run, and the weather strip. It is the VIII section enlarged side view of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the IX-IX line of FIG. It is explanatory drawing drawn by matching the upper end surface shape of a standing pillar sash with the end surface shape of the upper sash of FIG.

  FIG. 1 shows a basic embodiment of the laser welding method according to the invention. A metal bar (for example, steel) 10 having a rectangular cross section is cut along cutting lines 11 and 12 shown in FIG. 1A and separated into two weld metal members 13 and 14. The opposing end surfaces of the metal member 13 and the metal member 14 are a butt end surface 13a and a butt end surface 14a. The metal member 13 and the metal member 14 are linear when viewed from a specific direction (A direction in FIG. 1B) when the butted end surface 13a and the butted end surface 14a are butted. On the other hand, when viewed from the side surface direction (B direction) orthogonal to the specific direction (side view), both corner portions of the butt end surface 13a of the metal member 13 are perpendicular to each other, whereas the metal member 14 One of the corner portions of the butt end surface 14a (the upper end portion in FIG. 1B) forms an acute angle E, and the other (the lower end portion in FIG. 1B) forms an obtuse angle D.

  The metal member 13 and the metal member 14 are abutted in such a positional relationship that a corner portion forming an acute angle E of the abutting end surface 14a projects from the abutting end surface 13a of the metal member 13 as shown in FIG. Of course, the butting end surface 13a and the butting end surface 14a may be first butted and then the butting end surface 14a may be projected from the butting end surface 13a. At this time, the extending directions of the metal member 13 and the metal member 14 intersect each other when viewed from the side. In this butted state, as shown in FIG. 3C, the welding laser beam L is irradiated to the acute corner portion of the butting end surface 14a projecting from the butting end surface 13a, and the B direction (the plane of the butting end surface 14a and The welding is progressed by moving in the orthogonal direction. That is, the B direction is the laser welding progression direction (or a direction parallel to the welding progression direction). The trajectory of the welding laser beam L may be a straight line, but is preferably a spin trajectory S (Drawing (C)) that travels while drawing an arc.

  That is, according to the laser welding method described above, as the welding by the welding laser beam L proceeds, the acute corner portion of the butt end surface 14a protruding from the butt end surface 13a is melted, and the molten metal is schematically shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, since the gap G between the butt end face 13a and the butt end face 14a is entered and filled, even if the size of the gap G varies, laser welding is advanced in a direction perpendicular to the side view. be able to. In order to generate an amount of molten metal that fills the gap G more reliably, it is preferable to move the welding laser beam L in a straight line while drawing the spin locus S.

  FIG. 2 and subsequent figures show embodiments in which the present invention is applied to a laser welding method for a vehicle door sash. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle door sash 20 that forms a window opening above the door panel forms a window opening 24 by the upright pillar sash 21, the upper sash 22, and the front sash 23. The lower portions of the upright pillar sash 21 and the front sash 23 are connected by a reinforcement 25 located in the door panel.

  The upper sash 22 and the front sash 23 are made of a roll-formed product having the same cross-sectional shape made of an iron-based material, and the upright pillar sash 21 is made of a press-formed product having a different cross-sectional shape from the upper sash 22 and the front sash 23. 3 to 7 show an embodiment in which the laser welding method of the present invention is applied to the butt weld portion of the upper sash 22 and the front sash 23. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the upper sash 22 and the front sash 23 having the same cross-sectional shape include a first member X located on the window opening side and a second member Y located on the vehicle body side. The first member X is formed with a deep U-shaped portion X1 that protrudes toward the window opening 24 and a vehicle outer extension X2 that extends from the deep U-shaped portion X1 to the vehicle outer side. The second member Y includes a shallow U-shaped portion Y1 projecting toward the window opening 24 that forms the bag-shaped portion Z together with the deep U-shaped portion X1, and a rear portion extending from the shallow U-shaped portion Y1 to the vehicle exterior side. A vehicle exterior extension hem Y2 is formed by sandwiching the vehicle exterior extension X2. The shallow U-shaped portion Y1 has a holding edge Y11 and a holding recess Y12 for holding the weather strip W on the inside and outside of the vehicle, and the first member X has a bent edge along the holding edge Y11. X11 is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a design member 26 is mounted on the vehicle exterior side of the vehicle exterior extension hem portion Y2 (vehicle exterior extension portion X2), and between the design member 26 and the outer surface of the deep U-shaped portion X1. The glass run GR in which the window glass that moves up and down in the window opening 24 advances and retreats is attached. A weather strip WS that elastically contacts the vehicle body when the vehicle door is closed is mounted on the holding edge Y11 of the second member Y (the bent edge X11 of the first member X) and the holding recess Y12 (shallow U-shaped portion Y1). Is done.

  FIG. 3 shows a shape of the butt end surfaces 22a and 23a of the upper sash 22 and the front sash 23 having the same cross section as viewed from the side. The extending directions of the upper sash 22 and the front sash 23 intersect each other when viewed from the side of the vehicle, and form a straight line when viewed in plan (when viewed from a direction parallel to the paper surface of FIG. 3). The butt end surfaces 22a and 23a are a first butt end surface (cut surface) 22a1 (23a1) and a second butt end surface (cut surface) 22a2 inclined by an angle α with respect to the first butt end surface 22a1 (23a1). The corner portion on the second butting end surface 23a2 side of the front sash 23 (upper part in FIG. 3) is formed with an acute corner portion forming an acute angle E, and the corner on the first butting end surface 23a1 side is formed. The obtuse angle corner part which makes obtuse angle D is formed in the part (lower part of FIG. 3). The acute corner portion protrudes from the end portion of the upper sash 22 by a distance P (FIGS. 3, 4, and 6). In FIG. 6, the boundary between the first butting end surface 22a1 (23a1) and the second butting end surface 22a2 (23a2) is shown as 22ab (23ab).

  In FIG. 3, the angle α is drawn large so that the protrusion amount P of the acute corner portion on the second butt end face 23a2 side of the front sash 23 is clearly shown, but the protrusion amount P is actually about 0.5 mm. It is sufficient to determine the angle α so that In FIG. 3, the cut surface 22a1 (23a1) and the cut surface 22a2 (23a2) are drawn as surfaces perpendicular to the paper surface. However, by changing the cut surface from a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, the protrusion amount P can be reduced. A certain amount can be set in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 3, and FIGS. 4 and 6 depict the state. In addition, a similar technique (with a suitable angle from a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 3 to an appropriate direction between the butted surfaces of the bent edge X11 of the first member X constituting the sash member 22 (23). The bent edge X11 of the front sash 23 is higher than the bent edge X11 of the upper sash 22 (FIGS. 4 and 6). Has occurred.

  In laser welding, the welding laser beam L is applied to the acute corner portion of the butted end surface 23a2 projecting from the second butting end surface 22a2, and the direction perpendicular to the side view (the extension of the projecting portion of the butted end surface 23a) is irradiated. The welding is progressed by moving in the current direction. In FIG. 3, the welding progress direction (or a direction parallel to the welding progress direction) B is shown as a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. The plane locus of the welding laser beam L may be a straight line, but is preferably a spin locus S (FIG. 4) that travels while drawing an arc. Further, with respect to the abutting surface of the bent edge X11 of the first member X of the upper sash 22 and the front sash 23, the laser beam L is similarly applied to the protruding portion of the bent edge X11 on the higher side (front sash 23). This laser welding range is shown as W1 and W2 in FIG. In two welding ranges W1 and W2 in FIG. 6, laser welding starts from an end portion (right end in the figure) where a step is generated and proceeds to a portion where there is no (or few) step. The welding progress direction B in the welding range of FIG. 6 is a direction parallel to the paper surface, and a butt end face where a step is generated from the welding progress direction (and the direction parallel to the welding progress direction) in this embodiment. The direction of welding in Since the metal is melted and flattened in the laser welding portion according to the present embodiment, the appearance is not deteriorated. In addition, the welding site W1 is covered with the weather strip WS and is not exposed to the appearance.

  In addition, according to the laser welding method of the present embodiment, the welding laser beam L is applied to the acute corner portion of the butt end surface 23a2 protruding from the second butt end surface 22a2, and the welding progresses. It was confirmed that the gap between the butt end faces away from the portion to be irradiated decreased. For this reason, welding at a stepless portion is also facilitated. A region W3 in FIG. 6 shows a welding region to be executed after the gap between the butt end faces is reduced in this way. In this region, there is no step on the butt surface of the upper sash 22 and the front sash 23.

  The butt end surface 22a of the conventional upper sash 22 and the butt end surface 23a of the front sash 23 are shown by chain lines in FIG. 3, and as shown by a perspective view in FIG. 4, the butt end surfaces 22a1 and 23a1 formed of a single straight line (plane). It was cut and butted together. In this conventional mode, there is no step in the butt end faces 22a and 23a in a side view. Therefore, if this welding end surface is irradiated with welding laser light, a slight gap exists between the butting end surfaces 22a and 23a, so that the two welded members (upper sash 22 and front sash 23) are not connected, and welding defects occur. It was easy to occur. 4 and 5, notches 22C and 23C formed on the holding edge Y11 of the shallow U-shaped portion Y1 and the end of the bent edge X11 are drawn on the butt end surfaces of the upper sash 22 and the front sash 23. . The notches 22C and 23C are provided with a weather strip WS to a weather strip holding groove formed by a holding edge Y11 (bent edge X11 of the first member X) of the second member Y and a holding recess Y12 (shallow U-shaped portion Y1). To facilitate the insertion.

  8 to 10 show an embodiment in which the laser welding method according to the present invention is applied to the welding of the butt end face of the upper end of the upright column sash 21 and the butt end face of the upper sash 22 having different cross-sectional shapes. The upper sash 22 is made of a uniform cross-section material formed by roll forming as described above, whereas the upright pillar sash 21 is formed from a press-formed product with a non-uniform cross section. FIG. 9 shows the basic cross-sectional shape of the lower portion excluding the vicinity of the upper end portion of the upright pillar sash 21. The upright pillar sash 21 includes an inner member 21P and an outer member 21Q. The inner member 21P includes a design portion 21a on the vehicle exterior side, a vehicle interior extension portion 21b extending from the design portion 21a to the vehicle interior side, and a vehicle interior extension portion 21b. And a U-shaped portion 21c that protrudes inward of the vehicle. The outer member 21Q includes a design portion 21d on the vehicle exterior side, a vehicle interior extension portion 21e, and a closure portion 21f that closes the vehicle exterior opening portion of the vehicle interior extension portion 21b. A glass run is held in the space formed by the portion 21e and the closing portion 21f. Since the vertical pillar sash 21 (the inner member 21P and the outer member 21Q) is made of a press-molded product, the width of the design portion 21a or the protruding amount of the U-shaped portion 21c to the vehicle inner side can be changed in the vertical direction.

  The vertical pillar sash 21 gradually changes its shape in order to form a butt end face with the upper sash 22 as it goes to the upper end. In FIG. 10, the shape of the butt end surface of the upper sash 22 is drawn with a solid line, and the shape of the butt end surface of the upright pillar sash 21 (inner member 21P) is drawn with a broken line. The cross-sectional shape of the upper sash 22 has not changed. On the other hand, the outer member 21Q does not exist and the design part 21a of the inner member 21P does not exist on the end face of the vertical pillar sash 21 with the upper sash 22. The U-shaped portion 21c of the inner member 21P changes to the modified end surfaces 21c 'and 21c ", and the vehicle interior extension portion 21b changes to the modified end surfaces 21b' and 21b". The deformed end surface 21c ″ has a shape corresponding to the shallow U-shaped portion Y1 of the upper sash 22, the deformed end surface 21b ′ smoothly continues to the deformed end surface 21c ″, and the deformed end surface 21b ″ extends from the upper sash 22 toward the outside of the vehicle. In this embodiment, the end of the vehicle-side extension hem Y2 of the upper sash 22 protrudes from the deformed end surface 21b ′ of the upright column sash 21 by “p” and from the deformed end surface 21b ″. Only “P” protrudes. 9 and 10 indicate the plate end of the U-shaped portion 21c of the inner member 21P.

  Accordingly, in this embodiment, by first irradiating the outer hem portion Y2 of the upper sash 22 protruding from the vertical pillar sash 21 at the abutting end surface of the vertical pillar sash 21 and the upper sash 22 with laser light, The gap between the vertical pillar sash 21 and the upper sash 22 can be filled with the molten metal. Alternatively, in the illustrated embodiment, the shallow U-shaped portion Y1 in the butt end surface of the upper sash 22 also protrudes from the deformed end surface 21c ″ of the upright column sash 21 (inner member 21P), and therefore the laser is also applied to this protruding portion. 10, the welding progress direction B is a direction parallel to the paper surface, and the welding progress direction in this embodiment (and the direction parallel to the welding progress direction) is the same as in FIG. This refers to the direction of welding progress at the butt end face where a step is generated.

  As described above, the laser welding method for a vehicle door sash according to the present invention can be applied regardless of whether the cross-sectional shape of the sash member to be welded is the same or different.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Metal bar 11 12 Cutting line 13 14 Metal member 13a 14a Butting end surface 20 Vehicle door sash 21 Standing pillar sash 21P Inner member 21Q Outer member 22 Upper sash 23 Front sash 22a 23a Butting end surface 22a1 23a1 1st butting end surface 22a2 23a2 2 butt end faces 22ab 23ab boundary 24 window opening 25 reinforcement E acute angle D obtuse angle G gap L welding laser beam S spin locus

Claims (7)

A door sash for a vehicle that forms a window opening above a door panel, wherein the door sash is an end surface of a pair of metal sash members in a positional relationship in which the extension directions of the door sash intersect in a side view and are linear in a plan view In a laser welding method for a vehicle door sash in which a laser beam is irradiated and welded in a direction orthogonal to the side view along the butt end face,
Forming an acute-angled corner portion at least at one end portion of the butted end surfaces of the pair of sash members to be welded when viewed from a direction parallel to the traveling direction of the laser welding;
Abutting the butting end surface of the one sash member with the butting end surface of the other sash member in a positional relationship in which the corner portion forming the acute angle of the one sash member protrudes from the butting end surface of the other sash member; And applying a laser beam to an acute corner portion of the one butt end surface projecting from the butt end surface of the other sash member to advance welding in a direction orthogonal to the side view, and butt end surfaces of the pair of sash members Welding step;
A method for laser welding a door sash for a vehicle. 2. The vehicle door sash laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein the pair of sash members to be welded have a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the extending direction and the same cross-sectional shape. 3. The vehicle door sash laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein the pair of butted end faces are formed by a combination of a plurality of mutually intersecting planes. 4. The vehicle door sash laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein the step of welding with the laser beam is performed while drawing a spin locus with the laser beam. . The end surfaces of a pair of metal members in a positional relationship in which the mutual extending directions intersect in a side view and are linear in a plan view are welded by irradiating laser light in a direction perpendicular to the side view along the butted end surfaces In a laser welding method for joining metal materials,
Forming an acute corner portion at one end of at least one of the butted end faces of the pair of metal members as viewed from a direction parallel to the traveling direction of the laser welding;
Abutting the butting end surface of the one metal member with the butting end surface of the other metal member in a positional relationship in which the corner portion forming the acute angle projects from the butting end surface of the other metal member; and the other metal member Applying a laser beam to an acute angle corner portion of the one butt end surface protruding from the butt end surface of the butt member to advance welding in a direction orthogonal to the side view, and welding the butt end surfaces of the pair of metal members;
A method of laser welding a metal material, comprising: 6. The laser welding method for a metal material according to claim 5, wherein the pair of metal members to be welded have the same cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the extending direction. 7. The laser welding method for a metal material according to claim 5, wherein the step of welding with the laser beam is performed while drawing a spin locus with the laser beam.

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