JP6302761B2 - Heat exchanger and heat pump heating device - Google Patents
Heat exchanger and heat pump heating device Download PDFInfo
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- JP6302761B2 JP6302761B2 JP2014122294A JP2014122294A JP6302761B2 JP 6302761 B2 JP6302761 B2 JP 6302761B2 JP 2014122294 A JP2014122294 A JP 2014122294A JP 2014122294 A JP2014122294 A JP 2014122294A JP 6302761 B2 JP6302761 B2 JP 6302761B2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
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Description
本発明は、熱交換器およびヒートポンプ加熱装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a heat exchanger and a heat pump heating device.
特許文献１に、第１流体が流れる第１流体配管と、第２流体が流れる第２流体配管を、互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状とした熱交換器が開示されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses a heat exchanger in which a first fluid pipe through which a first fluid flows and a second fluid pipe through which a second fluid flows are spirally wound in a state of being adjacent to each other.
流体配管をらせん状に巻回した形状とする場合、内側に形成される空間に、より小さな巻回半径でらせん状に巻回した形状の別の流体配管を収容し、それらの流体配管を互いに接続することで、熱交換に必要とされる流路長を確保しつつ、熱交換器を小型化することが可能となる。しかしながら、内側に配置される流体配管を小さな巻回半径でらせん状に巻回するためには、それだけ管径を小さくしなければならず、圧力損失の増大を招いてしまう。らせん状に巻回した形状の流体配管を有する熱交換器において、流体配管の圧力損失の増大を抑制しつつ、熱交換器をコンパクトに形成することが可能な技術が期待されている。 When a fluid pipe is formed into a spirally wound shape, another fluid pipe wound in a spiral shape with a smaller winding radius is accommodated in the space formed inside, and these fluid pipes are connected to each other. By connecting, it is possible to reduce the size of the heat exchanger while ensuring the flow path length required for heat exchange. However, in order to wind the fluid piping arranged on the inside in a spiral shape with a small winding radius, the pipe diameter must be reduced accordingly, resulting in an increase in pressure loss. In a heat exchanger having a spirally wound fluid pipe, a technique capable of compactly forming the heat exchanger while suppressing an increase in pressure loss of the fluid pipe is expected.
本明細書は、第１流体配管内を流れる第１流体と、第２流体との間で熱交換させる熱交換器を開示する。第１流体配管は、らせん状に巻回した形状を有する第１外側配管と、らせん状に巻回した形状を有する第１中間配管と、らせん状に巻回した形状を有する第１内側配管を備えている。その熱交換器では、第１外側配管の内側に形成される空間に第１中間配管が収容されている。その熱交換器では、第１中間配管の内側に形成される空間に第１内側配管が収容されている。その熱交換器では、第１外側配管の管径が、第１中間配管および第１内側配管の何れの管径よりも大きい。その熱交換器では、互いに並列に接続された第１中間配管と第１内側配管に対して、第１外側配管が直列に接続されている。 This specification discloses the heat exchanger which heat-exchanges between the 1st fluid which flows in the 1st fluid piping, and the 2nd fluid. The first fluid pipe includes a first outer pipe having a spirally wound shape, a first intermediate pipe having a spirally wound shape, and a first inner pipe having a spirally wound shape. I have. In the heat exchanger, the first intermediate pipe is accommodated in a space formed inside the first outer pipe. In the heat exchanger, the first inner pipe is accommodated in a space formed inside the first intermediate pipe. In the heat exchanger, the pipe diameter of the first outer pipe is larger than any of the first intermediate pipe and the first inner pipe. In the heat exchanger, the first outer pipe is connected in series to the first intermediate pipe and the first inner pipe that are connected in parallel to each other.
上記の熱交換器では、第１中間配管と第１内側配管の管径を、第１外側配管の管径よりも小さくしている。これによって、第１外側配管の巻回半径をそれほど大きくしなくとも、第１中間配管と第１内側配管の巻回半径を小さくして、第１中間配管と第１内側配管を第１外側配管の内側の空間に収容することができる。さらに、上記の熱交換器では、第１中間配管と第１内側配管を互いに並列に接続しており、第１外側配管を、第１中間配管および第１内側配管に対して直列に接続している。第１中間配管と第１内側配管については、管径を小さくしたことで個々の配管の圧力損失は増大しているものの、これらの配管を並列に接続することで、全体としては圧力損失が低減されている。上記の熱交換器によれば、被加熱流体が通過する際の圧力損失の増大を抑えつつ、熱交換器をコンパクトに形成することができる。 In said heat exchanger, the pipe diameter of 1st intermediate | middle piping and 1st inner side piping is made smaller than the pipe diameter of 1st outer side piping. Accordingly, even if the winding radius of the first outer pipe is not increased so much, the winding radii of the first intermediate pipe and the first inner pipe are reduced, and the first intermediate pipe and the first inner pipe are connected to the first outer pipe. Can be accommodated in the space inside. Further, in the above heat exchanger, the first intermediate pipe and the first inner pipe are connected in parallel to each other, and the first outer pipe is connected in series to the first intermediate pipe and the first inner pipe. Yes. For the first intermediate pipe and the first inner pipe, the pressure loss of the individual pipes is increased by reducing the pipe diameter, but the pressure loss is reduced as a whole by connecting these pipes in parallel. Has been. According to said heat exchanger, a heat exchanger can be formed compactly, suppressing the increase in the pressure loss at the time of to-be-heated fluid passes.
上記の熱交換器は、第１中間配管の管径が、第１内側配管の管径よりも大きいように構成することができる。 Said heat exchanger can be comprised so that the pipe diameter of 1st intermediate | middle piping may be larger than the pipe diameter of 1st inner side piping.
上記の熱交換器では、第１内側配管の管径を、第１中間配管の管径よりも小さくしている。これによって、第１中間配管の巻回半径をそれほど大きくしなくとも、第１内側配管の巻回半径を小さくして、第１内側配管を第１中間配管の内側の空間に収容することができる。 In said heat exchanger, the pipe diameter of 1st inner side piping is made smaller than the pipe diameter of 1st intermediate | middle piping. Accordingly, even if the winding radius of the first intermediate pipe is not increased so much, the winding radius of the first inner pipe can be reduced and the first inner pipe can be accommodated in the space inside the first intermediate pipe. .
上記の熱交換器は、第２流体が流れる第２流体配管をさらに備えており、第２流体配管が、第１外側配管と巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有する第２外側配管と、第１中間配管と巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有する第２中間配管と、第１内側配管と巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有する第２内側配管を備えているように構成することができる。 The heat exchanger further includes a second fluid pipe through which the second fluid flows, and the second fluid pipe is spirally wound in a state adjacent to the first outer pipe in the winding axis direction. A second outer pipe having a shape wound spirally in a state adjacent to the first intermediate pipe and the winding axis direction, and adjacent to the first inner pipe and the winding axis direction. It can comprise so that the 2nd inner side piping which has the shape wound spirally in the state which was made may be provided.
上記の熱交換器によれば、第１流体と第２流体の間の熱交換を促進して、熱交換効率を高めることができる。 According to said heat exchanger, heat exchange between a 1st fluid and a 2nd fluid can be accelerated | stimulated, and heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
上記の熱交換器は、第１流体が水または不凍液であり、第２流体が冷媒であるように構成することができる。 The heat exchanger can be configured such that the first fluid is water or antifreeze and the second fluid is a refrigerant.
上記の熱交換器によれば、例えば給湯器で必要とされる温度まで水を加熱したり、温水暖房器で必要とされる温度まで不凍液を加熱したりすることができる。 According to said heat exchanger, water can be heated, for example to the temperature required with a water heater, or antifreeze can be heated to the temperature required with a hot water heater.
本明細書は、ヒートポンプ加熱装置も開示する。そのヒートポンプ加熱装置は、上記の熱交換器を用いて冷媒から水または不凍液に熱を移動させて冷媒を凝縮する凝縮器と、凝縮器からの冷媒を減圧する減圧器と、自然環境から吸熱して減圧器からの冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器と、蒸発器からの冷媒を加圧して凝縮器へ送り出す圧縮機を備えている。 This specification also discloses a heat pump heating apparatus. The heat pump heating device uses the heat exchanger described above to transfer heat from the refrigerant to water or antifreeze liquid to condense the refrigerant, a decompressor that decompresses the refrigerant from the condenser, and absorbs heat from the natural environment. An evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant from the decompressor, and a compressor for pressurizing the refrigerant from the evaporator and sending it to the condenser.
上記のヒートポンプ加熱装置によれば、水または不凍液が凝縮器を通過する際の圧力損失の増大を抑制しつつ、凝縮器をコンパクトに形成することができる。 According to said heat pump heating apparatus, a condenser can be formed compactly, suppressing the increase in the pressure loss at the time of water or an antifreeze liquid passing a condenser.
本明細書が開示する熱交換器およびヒートポンプ加熱装置によれば、流体配管の圧力損失の増大を抑制しつつ、熱交換器をコンパクトに形成することができる。 According to the heat exchanger and the heat pump heating device disclosed in the present specification, it is possible to form the heat exchanger in a compact manner while suppressing an increase in pressure loss of the fluid piping.
（実施例）
図１に示すヒートポンプ加熱装置２は、ヒートポンプユニット４と、熱交換器６を備えている。ヒートポンプ加熱装置２は、被加熱流体（例えば水または不凍液）を加熱する。ヒートポンプ加熱装置２は、例えば給湯器（図示せず）と組み合わせて使用することができる。この場合、ヒートポンプ加熱装置２は、給湯器または上水道から受け入れた水を加熱し、加熱した水を給湯器へ送り出す。あるいは、ヒートポンプ加熱装置２は、温水暖房器（図示せず）と組み合わせて使用することができる。この場合、ヒートポンプ加熱装置２は、温水暖房器から受け入れた不凍液を加熱し、加熱した不凍液を温水暖房器へ送り出す。
(Example)
A heat pump heating device 2 shown in FIG. 1 includes a heat pump unit 4 and a heat exchanger 6. The heat pump heating device 2 heats a fluid to be heated (for example, water or antifreeze). The heat pump heating device 2 can be used in combination with, for example, a water heater (not shown). In this case, the heat pump heating device 2 heats the water received from the water heater or the water supply, and sends the heated water to the water heater. Alternatively, the heat pump heating device 2 can be used in combination with a hot water heater (not shown). In this case, the heat pump heating device 2 heats the antifreeze liquid received from the hot water heater, and sends the heated antifreeze liquid to the hot water heater.
ヒートポンプユニット４は、冷媒（例えばＲ４１０ＡといったＨＦＣ冷媒や、Ｒ７４４といったＣＯ２冷媒）を循環させるための冷媒流路８と、膨張弁１０と、蒸発器１２と、ファン１４と、圧縮機１６と、コントローラ１８を備えている。 The heat pump unit 4 includes a refrigerant flow path 8 for circulating a refrigerant (for example, an HFC refrigerant such as R410A and a CO 2 refrigerant such as R744), an expansion valve 10, an evaporator 12, a fan 14, a compressor 16, A controller 18 is provided.
膨張弁１０は、熱交換器６から流入する比較的低温で高圧の液体状態の冷媒を減圧して、低温低圧の液体状態とする。すなわち、膨張弁１０は、冷媒を減圧する減圧器として機能する。膨張弁１０の開度は、コントローラ１８によって制御される。膨張弁１０を通過した冷媒は、蒸発器１２へ送られる。 The expansion valve 10 depressurizes a relatively low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing from the heat exchanger 6 to a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid state. That is, the expansion valve 10 functions as a decompressor that decompresses the refrigerant. The opening degree of the expansion valve 10 is controlled by the controller 18. The refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve 10 is sent to the evaporator 12.
蒸発器１２は、ファン１４によって送風された外気と冷媒流路８内を流れる冷媒との間で熱交換を行う、気液熱交換器である。ファン１４の動作は、コントローラ１８によって制御される。蒸発器１２では、膨張弁１０からの低温低圧の液体状態の冷媒が、外気との熱交換によって加熱される。冷媒は、加熱されることにより気化し、比較的高温で低圧の気体状態となる。蒸発器１２を通過した冷媒は、圧縮機１６へ送られる。 The evaporator 12 is a gas-liquid heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the outside air blown by the fan 14 and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant flow path 8. The operation of the fan 14 is controlled by the controller 18. In the evaporator 12, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant from the expansion valve 10 is heated by heat exchange with the outside air. The refrigerant is vaporized by being heated, and is in a gas state at a relatively high temperature and a low pressure. The refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator 12 is sent to the compressor 16.
圧縮機１６では、蒸発器１２からの比較的高温で低圧の気体状態の冷媒を圧縮して、高温高圧の気体状態とする。圧縮機１６の動作は、コントローラ１８によって制御される。圧縮機１６を通過した冷媒は、熱交換器６へ送られる。 In the compressor 16, the refrigerant in the gas state at a relatively high temperature and low pressure from the evaporator 12 is compressed into a gas state at a high temperature and a high pressure. The operation of the compressor 16 is controlled by the controller 18. The refrigerant that has passed through the compressor 16 is sent to the heat exchanger 6.
熱交換器６は、冷媒と被加熱流体との間で熱交換を行う熱交換器である。熱交換器６では、ヒートポンプユニット４の圧縮機１６から流入する高温高圧の気体状態の冷媒が、被加熱流体との熱交換器によって冷却される。冷媒は、冷却されることにより凝縮し、比較的低温で高圧の液体状態となる。すなわち、熱交換器６は凝縮器として機能する。熱交換器６を通過した冷媒は、ヒートポンプユニット４の膨張弁１０へ送られる。 The heat exchanger 6 is a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the fluid to be heated. In the heat exchanger 6, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing from the compressor 16 of the heat pump unit 4 is cooled by the heat exchanger with the heated fluid. The refrigerant is condensed by being cooled, and becomes a high-pressure liquid state at a relatively low temperature. That is, the heat exchanger 6 functions as a condenser. The refrigerant that has passed through the heat exchanger 6 is sent to the expansion valve 10 of the heat pump unit 4.
コントローラ１８は、膨張弁１０、ファン１４、圧縮機１６の動作を制御する。ヒートポンプユニット４の運転を開始すると、コントローラ１８が、ファン１４と圧縮機１６を作動させる。圧縮機１６が作動すると、冷媒流路８内の冷媒は、熱交換器６、膨張弁１０、蒸発器１２、圧縮機１６の順に循環する。ヒートポンプユニット４が運転することで、熱交換器６において被加熱流体が加熱される。ヒートポンプユニット４を運転している際には、膨張弁１０の開度、ファン１４の回転数および圧縮機１６の回転数は、コントローラ１８により調整される。 The controller 18 controls operations of the expansion valve 10, the fan 14, and the compressor 16. When the operation of the heat pump unit 4 is started, the controller 18 operates the fan 14 and the compressor 16. When the compressor 16 is activated, the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path 8 circulates in the order of the heat exchanger 6, the expansion valve 10, the evaporator 12, and the compressor 16. The fluid to be heated is heated in the heat exchanger 6 by the operation of the heat pump unit 4. When operating the heat pump unit 4, the opening degree of the expansion valve 10, the rotational speed of the fan 14, and the rotational speed of the compressor 16 are adjusted by the controller 18.
熱交換器６は、外側熱交換部２０と、中間熱交換部２２と、内側熱交換部２４を備えている。外側熱交換部２０は、冷媒外側配管２０ａと、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂを備えている。外側熱交換部２０では、冷媒外側配管２０ａを流れる冷媒と、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂを流れる被加熱流体の間で熱交換を行う。中間熱交換部２２は、冷媒中間配管２２ａと、被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂを備えている。中間熱交換部２２では、冷媒中間配管２２ａを流れる冷媒と、被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂを流れる被加熱流体の間で熱交換を行う。内側熱交換部２４は、冷媒内側配管２４ａと、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂを備えている。内側熱交換部２４では、冷媒内側配管２４ａを流れる冷媒と、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂを流れる被加熱流体の間で熱交換を行う。 The heat exchanger 6 includes an outer heat exchange unit 20, an intermediate heat exchange unit 22, and an inner heat exchange unit 24. The outer heat exchange unit 20 includes a refrigerant outer pipe 20a and a heated fluid outer pipe 20b. In the outer heat exchange unit 20, heat is exchanged between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant outer pipe 20a and the heated fluid flowing in the heated fluid outer pipe 20b. The intermediate heat exchanger 22 includes a refrigerant intermediate pipe 22a and a heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b. In the intermediate heat exchange part 22, heat is exchanged between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant intermediate pipe 22a and the heated fluid flowing through the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b. The inner heat exchange unit 24 includes a refrigerant inner pipe 24a and a heated fluid inner pipe 24b. In the inner heat exchanging section 24, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant inner pipe 24a and the heated fluid flowing in the heated fluid inner pipe 24b.
外側熱交換部２０の被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂの出口は、分岐配管２６によって、中間熱交換部２２の被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの入口と、内側熱交換部２４の被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂの入口に、分岐して接続されている。中間熱交換部２２の被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの出口と、内側熱交換部２４の被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂの出口は、合流配管２８によって、合流している。熱交換器６に流入する被加熱流体は、まず外側熱交換部２０の被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂを通過し、その後に分岐配管２６で分岐し、中間熱交換部２２の被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂと内側熱交換部２４の被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂをそれぞれ通過し、その後に合流配管２８で合流して、熱交換器６から送り出される。以下では、熱交換器６において被加熱流体が流れる、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂ、分岐配管２６、被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂ、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂ、合流配管２８を総称して、単に被加熱流体配管ともいう。 The outlet of the heated fluid outer pipe 20b of the outer heat exchange unit 20 is connected to the inlet of the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 and the heated fluid inner pipe 24b of the inner heat exchange unit 24 by a branch pipe 26. A branch is connected to the entrance. The outlet of the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22 b of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 and the outlet of the heated fluid inner pipe 24 b of the inner heat exchange unit 24 are joined together by a joining pipe 28. The heated fluid flowing into the heat exchanger 6 first passes through the heated fluid outer pipe 20b of the outer heat exchanging section 20, then branches off at the branch pipe 26, and then the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b of the intermediate heat exchanging section 22. And the heated fluid inner pipe 24 b of the inner heat exchanging section 24, and then joined by the joining pipe 28 and sent out from the heat exchanger 6. Hereinafter, the heated fluid outer pipe 20b, the branch pipe 26, the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b, the heated fluid inner pipe 24b, and the merging pipe 28 are collectively referred to simply as the heated fluid flows in the heat exchanger 6. Also called fluid piping.
内側熱交換部２４の冷媒内側配管２４ａの出口は、第１連結配管３０によって、中間熱交換部２２の冷媒中間配管２２ａの入口に連結されている。中間熱交換部２２の冷媒中間配管２２ａの出口は、第２連結配管３２によって、外側熱交換部２０の冷媒外側配管２０ａの入口に連結されている。ヒートポンプユニット４から熱交換器６へ送られた冷媒は、まず内側熱交換部２４の冷媒内側配管２４ａを通過し、次いで中間熱交換部２２の冷媒中間配管２２ａを通過し、その後に外側熱交換部２０の冷媒外側配管２０ａを通過して、ヒートポンプユニット４へ戻される。以下では、熱交換器６において冷媒が流れる、冷媒内側配管２４ａ、第１連結配管３０、冷媒中間配管２２ａ、第２連結配管３２、冷媒外側配管２０ａを総称して、単に冷媒配管ともいう。 The outlet of the refrigerant inner pipe 24 a of the inner heat exchange unit 24 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant intermediate pipe 22 a of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 by the first connection pipe 30. The outlet of the refrigerant intermediate pipe 22 a of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant outer pipe 20 a of the outer heat exchange unit 20 by the second connection pipe 32. The refrigerant sent from the heat pump unit 4 to the heat exchanger 6 first passes through the refrigerant inner pipe 24a of the inner heat exchange unit 24, then passes through the refrigerant intermediate pipe 22a of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22, and then the outer heat exchange. It passes through the refrigerant outer pipe 20 a of the unit 20 and is returned to the heat pump unit 4. Below, the refrigerant | coolant inner side piping 24a, the 1st connection piping 30, the refrigerant | coolant intermediate | middle piping 22a, the 2nd connection piping 32, and the refrigerant | coolant outer side piping 20a which a refrigerant | coolant flows in the heat exchanger 6 are named generically, and are only called refrigerant | coolant piping.
図２および図３は、熱交換器６の外観を示している。外側熱交換部２０は、管状の冷媒外側配管２０ａと管状の被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂを、巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有している。中間熱交換部２２は、管状の冷媒中間配管２２ａと管状の被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂを、巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有している。内側熱交換部２４は、管状の冷媒内側配管２４ａと管状の被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂを、巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有している。 2 and 3 show the appearance of the heat exchanger 6. The outer heat exchange unit 20 has a shape in which a tubular refrigerant outer pipe 20a and a tubular heated fluid outer pipe 20b are spirally wound in a state adjacent to each other in the winding axis direction. The intermediate heat exchange part 22 has a shape in which a tubular refrigerant intermediate pipe 22a and a tubular heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b are spirally wound in a state adjacent to each other in the winding axis direction. The inner heat exchanging section 24 has a shape in which a tubular refrigerant inner pipe 24a and a tubular heated fluid inner pipe 24b are spirally wound in a state adjacent to each other in the winding axis direction.
図４に示すように、外側熱交換部２０は、巻回の１周あたりの周長が最も長くなるように形成されている。言い換えると、外側熱交換部２０は、巻回半径が最も大きくなるように形成されている。中間熱交換部２２は、外側熱交換部２０の内部に形成される空間に収容可能となるように、外側熱交換部２０に比べて巻回の１周あたりの周長が短くなるように形成されている。言い換えると、中間熱交換部２２は、外側熱交換部２０の内部に形成される空間に収容可能となるように、外側熱交換部２０に比べて巻回半径が小さくなるように形成されている。内側熱交換部２４は、中間熱交換部２２の内部に形成される空間に収容可能となるように、中間熱交換部２２に比べて巻回の１周あたりの周長が短くなるように形成されている。言い換えると、内側熱交換部２４は、中間熱交換部２２の内部に形成される空間に収容可能となるように、中間熱交換部２２に比べて巻回半径が小さくなるように形成されている。外側熱交換部２０の内部に形成される空間に中間熱交換部２２を収容し、さらに中間熱交換部２２の内部に形成される空間に内側熱交換部２４を収容することによって、熱交換器６において必要とされる被加熱流体の流路長を確保しつつ、熱交換器６をコンパクトに形成することができる。なお、図４に示すように、本実施例では、外側熱交換部２０と中間熱交換部２２は巻回方向が逆方向となっているが、外側熱交換部２０と中間熱交換部２２の巻回方向を同方向としてもよい。また、本実施例では、中間熱交換部２２と内側熱交換部２４は巻回方向が逆方向となっているが、中間熱交換部２２と内側熱交換部２４の巻回方向を同方向としてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 4, the outer heat exchanging unit 20 is formed so that the perimeter of the winding is the longest. In other words, the outer heat exchange part 20 is formed so that the winding radius becomes the largest. The intermediate heat exchange part 22 is formed so that the perimeter of the winding is shorter than the outer heat exchange part 20 so as to be accommodated in a space formed inside the outer heat exchange part 20. Has been. In other words, the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 is formed to have a smaller winding radius than the outer heat exchange unit 20 so as to be accommodated in a space formed inside the outer heat exchange unit 20. . The inner heat exchanging part 24 is formed so as to have a shorter perimeter of the winding than the intermediate heat exchanging part 22 so as to be accommodated in a space formed inside the intermediate heat exchanging part 22. Has been. In other words, the inner heat exchanging part 24 is formed to have a smaller winding radius than the intermediate heat exchanging part 22 so as to be accommodated in a space formed inside the intermediate heat exchanging part 22. . By accommodating the intermediate heat exchange part 22 in a space formed inside the outer heat exchange part 20 and further accommodating the inner heat exchange part 24 in a space formed inside the intermediate heat exchange part 22, a heat exchanger is obtained. The heat exchanger 6 can be compactly formed while ensuring the flow path length of the fluid to be heated required in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, the outer heat exchange unit 20 and the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 are wound in opposite directions, but the outer heat exchange unit 20 and the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 The winding direction may be the same direction. In the present embodiment, the winding direction of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 and the inner heat exchange unit 24 is opposite, but the winding direction of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 and the inner heat exchange unit 24 is the same direction. Also good.
図２に示すように、熱交換器６の上方において、外側熱交換部２０の被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂの出口が、分岐配管２６によって、中間熱交換部２２の被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの入口と、内側熱交換部２４の被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂの入口に、接続されている。熱交換器６の上方において、中間熱交換部２２の冷媒中間配管２２ａの出口が、第２連結配管３２によって、外側熱交換部２０の冷媒外側配管２０ａの入口に接続されている。熱交換器６の上方に配置された内側熱交換部２４の冷媒内側配管２４ａの出口は、第１連結配管３０によって、図３に示す熱交換器６の下方に配置された中間熱交換部２２の冷媒中間配管２２ａの入口に接続されている。図３に示すように、熱交換器６の下方において、中間熱交換部２２の被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの出口と、内側熱交換部２４の被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂの出口が、合流配管２８によって合流している。 As shown in FIG. 2, above the heat exchanger 6, the outlet of the heated fluid outer pipe 20 b of the outer heat exchanger 20 is connected to the inlet of the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22 b of the intermediate heat exchanger 22 by the branch pipe 26. And the inlet of the heated fluid inner pipe 24b of the inner heat exchanging section 24. Above the heat exchanger 6, the outlet of the refrigerant intermediate pipe 22 a of the intermediate heat exchanger 22 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant outer pipe 20 a of the outer heat exchanger 20 by the second connection pipe 32. The outlet of the refrigerant inner pipe 24a of the inner heat exchanging part 24 arranged above the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the intermediate heat exchanging part 22 arranged below the heat exchanger 6 shown in FIG. Is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant intermediate pipe 22a. As shown in FIG. 3, below the heat exchanger 6, the outlet of the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22 b of the intermediate heat exchange section 22 and the outlet of the heated fluid inner pipe 24 b of the inner heat exchange section 24 are joined to the joining pipe 28. Have joined together.
図５に示すように、外側熱交換部２０の冷媒外側配管２０ａと、中間熱交換部２２の冷媒中間配管２２ａと、内側熱交換部２４の冷媒内側配管２４ａは、すべて同じ管径を有している。本実施例では、冷媒外側配管２０ａ、冷媒中間配管２２ａ、冷媒内側配管２４ａの管径は、いずれも７．９４ｍｍである。外側熱交換部２０の被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂは、中間熱交換部２２の被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂおよび内側熱交換部２４の被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂよりも大きな管径を有している。中間熱交換部２２の被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂは、内側熱交換部２４の被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂよりも大きな管径を有している。本実施例では、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂの管径は１２．７ｍｍであり、被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの管径は９．５３ｍｍであり、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂの管径は７．９４ｍｍである。 As shown in FIG. 5, the refrigerant outer pipe 20a of the outer heat exchange unit 20, the refrigerant intermediate pipe 22a of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22, and the refrigerant inner pipe 24a of the inner heat exchange unit 24 all have the same pipe diameter. ing. In the present embodiment, the diameters of the refrigerant outer pipe 20a, the refrigerant intermediate pipe 22a, and the refrigerant inner pipe 24a are all 7.94 mm. The heated fluid outer pipe 20 b of the outer heat exchange unit 20 has a larger diameter than the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22 b of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 and the heated fluid inner pipe 24 b of the inner heat exchange unit 24. The heated fluid intermediate pipe 22 b of the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 has a larger pipe diameter than the heated fluid inner pipe 24 b of the inner heat exchange unit 24. In this embodiment, the pipe diameter of the heated fluid outer pipe 20b is 12.7 mm, the pipe diameter of the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b is 9.53 mm, and the pipe diameter of the heated fluid inner pipe 24b is 7.94 mm. It is.
ヒートポンプ加熱装置２において、被加熱流体が熱交換器６を通過する際の圧力損失は小さいことが好ましい。特に、図示しないポンプを用いてヒートポンプ加熱装置２に被加熱流体を循環させる場合には、ポンプで必要とされる揚程を下げるために、被加熱流体が熱交換器６を通過する際の圧力損失を可能な限り小さくすることが好ましい。通常、流体が流れる配管の圧力損失を低減するためには、配管の管径を大きくすればよい。しかしながら、配管の管径を大きくすると、その配管をらせん状に巻回した形状とする際に巻回半径を小さくすることができず、熱交換器の大型化を招いてしまう。特に、本実施例のように、外側熱交換部２０の内側の空間に中間熱交換部２２や内側熱交換部２４を収容する構成では、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂや被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの管径を大きくした場合、内側熱交換部２４や中間熱交換部２２の巻回半径を小さくすることができず、外側熱交換部２０の内側の空間に収容することができなくなってしまう。 In the heat pump heating device 2, it is preferable that the pressure loss when the fluid to be heated passes through the heat exchanger 6 is small. In particular, when circulating the heated fluid to the heat pump heating device 2 using a pump (not shown), the pressure loss when the heated fluid passes through the heat exchanger 6 in order to lower the lift required by the pump. Is preferably as small as possible. Usually, in order to reduce the pressure loss of a pipe through which a fluid flows, the pipe diameter of the pipe may be increased. However, if the pipe diameter of the pipe is increased, the winding radius cannot be reduced when the pipe is spirally wound, resulting in an increase in the size of the heat exchanger. In particular, in the configuration in which the intermediate heat exchange part 22 and the inner heat exchange part 24 are accommodated in the space inside the outer heat exchange part 20 as in the present embodiment, the heated fluid inner pipe 24b and the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b When the tube diameter is increased, the winding radii of the inner heat exchange unit 24 and the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 cannot be reduced and cannot be accommodated in the space inside the outer heat exchange unit 20.
本実施例の熱交換器６では、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂと被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの管径を、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂの管径よりも小さくしている。これによって、外側熱交換部２０の巻回半径をそれほど大きくしなくとも、内側熱交換部２４と中間熱交換部２２の巻回半径を小さくして、内側熱交換部２４と中間熱交換部２２を外側熱交換部２０の内側の空間に収容することができる。さらに、本実施例の熱交換器６では、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂと被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂを互いに並列に接続しており、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂを、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂおよび被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂに対して直列に接続している。被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂと被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂについては、管径を小さくしたことで個々の配管の圧力損失は増大しているものの、これらの配管を並列に接続することで、全体としては圧力損失が低減されている。本実施例の熱交換器６によれば、被加熱流体が通過する際の圧力損失の増大を抑えつつ、熱交換器６をコンパクトに形成することができる。 In the heat exchanger 6 of the present embodiment, the pipe diameters of the heated fluid inner pipe 24b and the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b are made smaller than the pipe diameter of the heated fluid outer pipe 20b. Accordingly, even if the winding radius of the outer heat exchange unit 20 is not increased so much, the winding radii of the inner heat exchange unit 24 and the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 are reduced, and the inner heat exchange unit 24 and the intermediate heat exchange unit 22 are reduced. Can be accommodated in the space inside the outer heat exchange section 20. Further, in the heat exchanger 6 of this embodiment, the heated fluid inner pipe 24b and the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b are connected in parallel to each other, and the heated fluid outer pipe 20b is connected to the heated fluid inner pipe 24b and the heated fluid pipe 24b. The heating fluid intermediate pipe 22b is connected in series. About the heated fluid inner pipe 24b and the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b, although the pressure loss of each pipe is increased by reducing the pipe diameter, by connecting these pipes in parallel, Pressure loss is reduced. According to the heat exchanger 6 of the present embodiment, the heat exchanger 6 can be formed in a compact manner while suppressing an increase in pressure loss when the fluid to be heated passes.
また、本実施例の熱交換器６では、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂの管径を、被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの管径よりも小さくしている。これによって、中間熱交換部２２の巻回半径をそれほど大きくしなくとも、内側熱交換部２４の巻回半径を小さくして、内側熱交換部２４を中間熱交換部２２の内側の空間に収容することができる。 Further, in the heat exchanger 6 of the present embodiment, the diameter of the heated fluid inner pipe 24b is made smaller than the diameter of the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b. Thereby, even if the winding radius of the intermediate heat exchange part 22 is not increased so much, the winding radius of the inner heat exchange part 24 is reduced and the inner heat exchange part 24 is accommodated in the space inside the intermediate heat exchange part 22. can do.
本実施例の熱交換器６においては、外側熱交換部２０と、中間熱交換部２２と、内側熱交換部２４のいずれにおいても、冷媒と被加熱流体が互いに対向流として流れる。従って、高い熱交換効率を実現することができる。なお、分岐配管２６、合流配管２８、第１連結配管３０、第２連結配管３２による接続の仕方を変更して、外側熱交換部２０、中間熱交換部２２および内側熱交換部２４のいずれかまたはすべてにおいて、冷媒と被加熱流体が互いに並行流として流れるように構成してもよい。 In the heat exchanger 6 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant and the fluid to be heated flow as opposite flows in any of the outer heat exchange unit 20, the intermediate heat exchange unit 22, and the inner heat exchange unit 24. Therefore, high heat exchange efficiency can be realized. Note that any one of the outer heat exchange unit 20, the intermediate heat exchange unit 22, and the inner heat exchange unit 24 is changed by changing the connection method using the branch pipe 26, the junction pipe 28, the first connection pipe 30, and the second connection pipe 32. Alternatively, in all cases, the refrigerant and the fluid to be heated may be configured to flow in parallel with each other.
本実施例の熱交換器６においては、被加熱流体はまず被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂを流れて、その後に分岐して被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂと被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂを流れて、その後に合流する構成を説明した。これとは異なり、被加熱流体がまず分岐して被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂと被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂを流れて、その後に合流して被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂを流れる構成としてもよい。 In the heat exchanger 6 of the present embodiment, the heated fluid first flows through the heated fluid outer pipe 20b, then branches to flow through the heated fluid inner pipe 24b and the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b, and thereafter The configuration to join was explained. Unlike this, the configuration may be such that the heated fluid first branches and flows through the heated fluid inner pipe 24b and the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b, and then joins and flows through the heated fluid outer pipe 20b.
以上のように、本実施例の熱交換器６は、被加熱流体配管を流れる被加熱流体と、冷媒との間で熱交換させる熱交換器である。被加熱流体配管は、らせん状に巻回した形状を有する被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂと、らせん状に巻回した形状を有する被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂと、らせん状に巻回した形状を有する被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂを備えている。熱交換器６では、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂの内側に形成される空間に被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂが収容されている。熱交換器６では、被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの内側に形成される空間に被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂが収容されている。熱交換器６では、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂの管径が、被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂおよび被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂの何れの管径よりも大きい。熱交換器６では、互いに並列に接続された被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂと被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂに対して、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂが直列に接続されている。 As described above, the heat exchanger 6 of the present embodiment is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the heated fluid flowing through the heated fluid piping and the refrigerant. The heated fluid pipe includes a heated fluid outer pipe 20b having a spirally wound shape, a heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b having a spirally wound shape, and a covered pipe having a spirally wound shape. A heating fluid inner pipe 24b is provided. In the heat exchanger 6, a heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b is accommodated in a space formed inside the heated fluid outer pipe 20b. In the heat exchanger 6, the heated fluid inner pipe 24b is accommodated in a space formed inside the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b. In the heat exchanger 6, the diameter of the heated fluid outer pipe 20b is larger than any of the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b and the heated fluid inner pipe 24b. In the heat exchanger 6, the heated fluid outer pipe 20b is connected in series to the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b and the heated fluid inner pipe 24b connected in parallel to each other.
本実施例の熱交換器６では、被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂの管径が、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂの管径よりも大きい。 In the heat exchanger 6 of the present embodiment, the pipe diameter of the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b is larger than the pipe diameter of the heated fluid inner pipe 24b.
本実施例の熱交換器６は、冷媒が流れる冷媒配管を備えている。冷媒配管は、被加熱流体外側配管２０ｂと巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有する冷媒外側配管２０ａと、被加熱流体中間配管２２ｂと巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有する冷媒中間配管２２ａと、被加熱流体内側配管２４ｂと巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有する冷媒内側配管２４ａを備えている。 The heat exchanger 6 of the present embodiment includes a refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows. The refrigerant pipe is adjacent to the heated fluid outer pipe 20b and the refrigerant outer pipe 20a having a spirally wound shape adjacent to each other in the winding axis direction, and to the heated fluid intermediate pipe 22b and the winding axis direction. The refrigerant intermediate pipe 22a having a spirally wound shape in the state of being heated, and the refrigerant inner pipe 24a having a spirally wound shape in a state adjacent to the heated fluid inner pipe 24b and the winding axis direction are provided. ing.
本実施例の熱交換器６では、被加熱流体は水または不凍液である。 In the heat exchanger 6 of the present embodiment, the fluid to be heated is water or antifreeze.
また、本実施例のヒートポンプ加熱装置２は、熱交換器６を用いて冷媒から水または不凍液に熱を移動させて冷媒を凝縮する凝縮器と、凝縮器からの冷媒を減圧する膨張弁１０と、自然環境から吸熱して膨張弁１０からの冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器１２と、蒸発器１２からの冷媒を加圧して凝縮器へ送り出す圧縮機１６を備えている。 The heat pump heating device 2 of the present embodiment also includes a condenser that condenses the refrigerant by transferring heat from the refrigerant to water or antifreeze using the heat exchanger 6, and an expansion valve 10 that depressurizes the refrigerant from the condenser. An evaporator 12 that absorbs heat from the natural environment and evaporates the refrigerant from the expansion valve 10 and a compressor 16 that pressurizes the refrigerant from the evaporator 12 and sends the refrigerant to the condenser are provided.
以上、本発明の実施例について詳細に説明したが、これらは例示に過ぎず、特許請求の範囲を限定するものではない。特許請求の範囲に記載の技術には、以上に例示した具体例を様々に変形、変更したものが含まれる。 As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was described in detail, these are only illustrations and do not limit a claim. The technology described in the claims includes various modifications and changes of the specific examples illustrated above.
本明細書または図面に説明した技術要素は、単独であるいは各種の組合せによって技術的有用性を発揮するものであり、出願時請求項記載の組合せに限定されるものではない。また、本明細書または図面に例示した技術は複数目的を同時に達成し得るものであり、そのうちの一つの目的を達成すること自体で技術的有用性を持つものである。 The technical elements described in this specification or the drawings exhibit technical usefulness alone or in various combinations, and are not limited to the combinations described in the claims at the time of filing. In addition, the technology exemplified in this specification or the drawings can achieve a plurality of objects at the same time, and has technical usefulness by achieving one of the objects.
２ ヒートポンプ加熱装置
４ ヒートポンプユニット
６ 熱交換器
８ 冷媒流路
１０ 膨張弁
１２ 蒸発器
１４ ファン
１６ 圧縮機
１８ コントローラ
２０ 外側熱交換部
２０ａ 冷媒外側配管
２０ｂ 被加熱流体外側配管
２２ 中間熱交換部
２２ａ 冷媒中間配管
２２ｂ 被加熱流体中間配管
２４ 内側熱交換部
２４ａ 冷媒内側配管
２４ｂ 被加熱流体内側配管
２６ 分岐配管
２８ 合流配管
３０ 第１連結配管
３２ 第２連結配管
2 Heat pump heating device 4 Heat pump unit 6 Heat exchanger 8 Refrigerant flow path 10 Expansion valve 12 Evaporator 14 Fan 16 Compressor 18 Controller 20 Outer heat exchange part 20a Refrigerant outer pipe 20b Heated fluid outer pipe 22 Intermediate heat exchange part 22a Refrigerant Intermediate piping 22b Heated fluid intermediate piping 24 Inner heat exchange section 24a Refrigerant inner piping 24b Heated fluid inner piping 26 Branch piping 28 Merge piping 30 First connection piping 32 Second connection piping
Claims (5)
第１流体配管が、らせん状に巻回した形状を有する第１外側配管と、らせん状に巻回した形状を有する第１中間配管と、らせん状に巻回した形状を有する第１内側配管を備えており、
第１外側配管の内側に形成される空間に第１中間配管が収容されており、
第１中間配管の内側に形成される空間に第１内側配管が収容されており、
第１外側配管の管径が、第１中間配管および第１内側配管の何れの管径よりも大きく、
互いに並列に接続された第１中間配管と第１内側配管に対して、第１外側配管が直列に接続されている、熱交換器。 A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the first fluid flowing in the first fluid pipe and the second fluid,
A first outer pipe having a spirally wound shape, a first intermediate pipe having a spirally wound shape, and a first inner pipe having a spirally wound shape; Has
A first intermediate pipe is accommodated in a space formed inside the first outer pipe;
The first inner pipe is accommodated in a space formed inside the first intermediate pipe,
The pipe diameter of the first outer pipe is larger than any pipe diameter of the first intermediate pipe and the first inner pipe,
A heat exchanger in which a first outer pipe is connected in series to a first intermediate pipe and a first inner pipe connected in parallel to each other.
第２流体配管が、第１外側配管と巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有する第２外側配管と、第１中間配管と巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有する第２中間配管と、第１内側配管と巻回軸方向に互いに隣接した状態でらせん状に巻回した形状を有する第２内側配管を備えている、請求項１または２の熱交換器。 A second fluid pipe through which the second fluid flows;
A state in which the second fluid pipe is spirally wound in a state adjacent to the first outer pipe in the winding axis direction, and is adjacent to the first intermediate pipe in the winding axis direction. A second intermediate pipe having a spirally wound shape; and a second inner pipe having a spirally wound shape in a state adjacent to each other in the winding axis direction with the first inner pipe. Item 1 or 2 heat exchanger.
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| JP2014122294A JP6302761B2 (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | Heat exchanger and heat pump heating device |
| KR1020150082321A KR20150143340A (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2015-06-11 | Heat exchanger and heat pump type heating device |
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| CN107270741B (en) * | 2017-08-06 | 2019-08-30 | 郑州大学 | Multiple flow reduced pipe wound tube heat exchanger |
| CN107228581B (en) * | 2017-08-06 | 2019-08-30 | 郑州大学 | Sub-thread stream reduced pipe wound tube heat exchanger |
| RU207810U1 (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-11-17 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" (КазГАСУ) | PIPE-IN-PIPE COIL HEAT EXCHANGER |
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| JPS5141158U (en) * | 1974-09-21 | 1976-03-26 | ||
| US4451960A (en) * | 1979-03-15 | 1984-06-05 | Molitor Industries, Inc. | Method of producing multiple coil, multiple tube heat exchanger |
| JPS61107094A (en) * | 1984-10-31 | 1986-05-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Heat exchanger |
| JP2006162204A (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Heat exchanger for water heater |
| JP2007032943A (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Kobelco & Materials Copper Tube Inc | Composite heat exchanger tube |
| US8746007B2 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2014-06-10 | Takao Hara | Heat converter for condensation and refrigeration system using the same |
| JP2013024543A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-02-04 | Hitachi Appliances Inc | Heat exchanger, and heat pump heating device using the same |
| JP3176771U (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-07-05 | 有限会社信和電設 | Heat transfer tube and exhaust heat recovery system for exhaust heat recovery system |
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