JP6294264B2 - Disintegrating device and processing device including the disintegrating device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus for crushing powder and a processing apparatus including the crushing apparatus.

  Conventionally, when processing a granular material, the crushing process which loosens and pulverizes the agglomerated granular material is performed beforehand. In the crushing apparatus that performs the crushing process, as shown in Patent Document 1, carrier gas is injected from the periphery of a circular container toward the granular material in the container, and powder is generated by the swirling flow of the carrier gas. There are things that break up the granules.

JP 2009-179843 A

  Here, in the crushing apparatus as shown in Patent Document 1, since the carrier gas is injected toward the granular material accumulated in the container, the granular material crushed by the carrier gas is difficult to diffuse and There is a problem that the crushed powder particles are aggregated again or the efficiency of the pulverization itself is poor.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the crushing apparatus which can suppress the reaggregation of a granular material and can accelerate | stimulate the crushing of a granular material.

The first invention of this application is:
A crushing device for crushing powder particles,
A container,
One or more powder nozzles provided on the lower side wall of the container and for injecting the powder into the container;
One or more gas nozzles provided on a lower side wall of the container and injecting a carrier gas into the container;
Provided in the center of the upper wall of the container, and discharges the powder and carrier gas,
The gas nozzle injects the carrier gas in a direction having a component perpendicular to the injection direction of the powder nozzle or gas nozzle adjacent to the downstream side in the swirling direction of the powder and carrier gas in the container. It is characterized by becoming.

  Since the carrier gas is injected in the direction having the orthogonal component with respect to the injection direction of the powder particle nozzle or the gas nozzle adjacent to the downstream side in the swirl direction of the powder and carrier gas, The powder particles can be further pulverized, and the proportion of the powder particles that are not re-agglomerated or not crushed can be reduced.

The first invention preferably further comprises the following configuration.
(1) A block member is disposed in the center of the container,
The granular material and the carrier gas injected from the granular material nozzle and the gas nozzle are turned upward while rotating around the block member and are discharged from the discharge port.
(2) In the configuration (1),
In top view of the crusher,
The gas nozzle is
An injection unit that connects a gas injection unit to the container of the gas nozzle and an adjacent particle injection unit to the container of the adjacent particle nozzle or an adjacent gas injection unit to the container of the adjacent gas nozzle. A connecting straight line;
A tangent line from the gas injection unit to the block member;
The carrier gas is injected within the range of the angle formed by the above.
(3) In the configuration (1) or (2),
The container has a circular horizontal cross section.
(4) In any one of the configurations (1) to (3),
The block member has a circular horizontal cross section,
A predetermined gap is provided between the upper end of the block member and the upper wall of the container.

  According to the configuration (1), by disposing the block member in the central portion in the container, the swirling of the powder and carrier gas in the container can be made smooth. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the ratio of the powder particles discharged from the discharge port without colliding with the carrier gas.

  According to the configuration (2), the carrier gas is injected into the granular material by injecting the carrier gas within an angle range formed by the injection unit connecting straight line and the tangent line from the gas injection unit to the block member. A direct collision occurs, and the pulverization of the granular material by the injected carrier gas can be promoted.

  According to the configuration (3), since the horizontal section of the container has a circular shape, the granular material and the carrier gas can be smoothly swirled in the container.

  According to the configuration (4), since the block member has a circular horizontal cross section, the granular material and the carrier gas can be smoothly swung around the block member in the container. In addition, since a predetermined gap is provided between the upper end of the block member and the upper wall of the container, it promotes diffusion of the crushed powder and suppresses reaggregation of the powder. Can do.

The second invention of the present application is a processing apparatus for pulverizing a granular material and performing a predetermined process on the pulverized granular material,
The processing device includes the crushing device of the first invention,
A processing chamber for processing the granular material crushed by the crushing device,
The crushing apparatus is connected to the processing chamber so as to discharge the crushed powder particles toward the processing chamber.

  According to the said structure, the processing apparatus using the granular material by which re-aggregation was suppressed and the crushing was accelerated | stimulated can be provided.

  In short, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a crushing apparatus and a processing apparatus that can suppress reaggregation of powder particles and promote crushing of powder particles.

It is a schematic block diagram of the processing apparatus containing the crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a crushing apparatus provided with five nozzles. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a crushing apparatus provided with six nozzles. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a crushing apparatus provided with eight nozzles.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus 10 including a crushing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 10 includes a crushing apparatus 1 that crushes the granular material, a processing chamber 11 that performs various treatments on the granular material crushed by the crushing apparatus 1, and crushing. And a connecting passage 12 that connects the apparatus 1 and the processing chamber 11.

  The crushing apparatus 1 includes a container 2, one or more powder nozzles 3, one or more gas nozzles 4, and a discharge port 5. The container 2 has a lower lower body 21 having a cylindrical shape and an upper upper body 22 having a truncated cone shape. The upper end surface of the lower body 21 is coincident with the lower end surface of the upper body 22.

  The powder particle nozzle 3 is provided on the side wall of the lower body 21 of the container 2, and sprays the powder particles into the container 2. The gas nozzle 4 is provided on the side wall of the lower body 21 of the container 2 so as to inject carrier gas into the container 2. The powder nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 are located at the same height, and are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the lower body 21. The discharge port 5 is provided at the center of the upper wall of the upper body 22 of the container 2. The inner diameter of the powder nozzle 3 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the gas nozzle 4 in order to inject the powder.

  A block member 6 is disposed at the center inside the container 2. The block member 6 has a lower lower body 61 having a columnar shape and an upper upper body 62 having a truncated cone shape. The upper end surface of the lower body 61 coincides with the lower end surface of the upper body 62, and as a result, the lower body 61 has a larger cross-sectional area with respect to the horizontal plane than the upper body 62. And the block member 6 is formed so that the cross-sectional area with respect to a horizontal surface may become small as it goes upwards from the lower end surface of the upper body 62. FIG. The height of the block member 6 is lower than the height of the lower body 21 of the container 2 and is less than half the height of the discharge port 5. The heights of the powder nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 are positioned in the vicinity of the boundary between the lower body 61 and the upper body 62 of the block member 6.

  At the positions of the powder nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4, the cross-sectional area of the lower body 61 of the block member 6 with respect to the horizontal plane is 1/6 or more of the cross-sectional area of the lower body 21 of the container 2 with respect to the horizontal plane. It has become.

  The granular material and the carrier gas injected from the granular material nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 are turned upward while being swung around the block member 6, and are discharged from the discharge port 5. One end of the connection passage 12 is connected to the discharge port 5, and the powder and the carrier gas discharged upward from the discharge port 5 are disposed upward in the middle so as to be discharged downward toward the processing chamber 11. It has the bending part 12a bent toward the downward direction. The processing chamber 11 has a receiving port 11 a connected to the other end portion of the communication passage 12 on the upper wall portion.

  2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the powder nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 are arranged at substantially equal intervals with respect to the lower body 21 of the container 2 having a circular horizontal cross section. One body nozzle 3 and three gas nozzles 4 (gas nozzles 41 to 43) are provided. And the granular material nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 inject the granular material and carrier gas in the turning direction R in the container 2 by the top view.

  The gas nozzles 41 to 43 include Laval structures (constriction structures) 41 a to 43 a that are constricted at the center in an airway (wind tunnel) through which the carrier gas passes. The gas nozzles 41 to 43 are in a direction having an orthogonal component with respect to the injection direction of the powder nozzle 3 or the gas nozzles 41 to 43 adjacent to the downstream side in the turning direction R of the powder and carrier gas in the container 2, Carrier gas is injected. Here, the “injection direction” means a direction on an extension line of the center line of the nozzle.

  Specifically, the injection direction A1 of the gas nozzle 41 connects the gas injection unit 41b and the powder particle injection unit (adjacent particle injection unit) 3a of the particle nozzle 3 adjacent to the downstream side in the turning direction R. It is located within the range of the angle θ1 formed by the injection part connecting straight line L11 and the tangent line L12 from the gas injection part 41b to the block member 6. As a result, the injection direction A1 of the gas nozzle 41 has an orthogonal component with respect to the injection direction B1 of the powder nozzle 3. The gas nozzle 41 inclines the carrier gas from the injection unit connecting straight line L11 by an angle θ (for example, about 5 degrees) so that the injection direction A1 falls within the range of the angle θ1. It is preferable to do. Here, in the present invention, the powder particles are collided with each other by using the carrier gas to promote the crushing of the powder particles, but immediately after the carrier gas is injected from the gas nozzle, The gas flow is fast, and it is difficult for powder particles to exist. Therefore, the angle θ is preferably set so that the injection direction A1 is more than the distance D1 (about 10 mm) from the particle injection unit 3a of the particle nozzle 3.

  The injection direction A2 of the gas nozzle 42 is determined from the injection part connecting straight line L21 connecting the gas injection part 42b and the gas injection part (adjacent gas injection part) 43b of the gas nozzle 43 adjacent to the downstream side in the turning direction R, and the gas injection part 42b. It is located within the range of the angle θ2 formed by the tangent L22 to the block member 6. As a result, the injection direction A2 of the gas nozzle 42 has a component perpendicular to the injection direction A3 of the gas nozzle 43. The gas nozzle 42 is inclined by an angle θ (for example, about 5 degrees) from the injection unit connecting straight line L21 toward the inside of the container 2 so that the injection direction A2 falls within the range of the angle θ2. It is preferable that the carrier gas is injected, which is substantially the same as the inclination angle in the injection direction A1. The angle θ is preferably set so that the injection direction A2 is separated from the gas injection part 43b of the gas nozzle 43 by a distance D2 (about 10 mm) or more.

  The injection direction A3 of the gas nozzle 43 is determined from the injection part connecting straight line L31 connecting the gas injection part 43b and the gas injection part (adjacent gas injection part) 41b of the gas nozzle 41 adjacent to the downstream side in the turning direction R, and the gas injection part 43b. It is located within the range of the angle θ3 formed by the tangent line L32 to the block member 6. As a result, the injection direction A3 of the gas nozzle 43 has a component perpendicular to the injection direction A1 of the gas nozzle 41. The gas nozzle 43 is inclined from the injection unit connection straight line L31 by an angle θ toward the inside of the container 2 so that the injection direction A3 falls within the range of the angle θ3 (for example, about 5 degrees. It is preferable that the carrier gas is injected, which is substantially the same as the inclination angle in the injection direction A1. The angle θ is preferably set so that the injection direction A3 is separated from the gas injection part 41b of the gas nozzle 41 by a distance D3 (about 10 mm) or more.

  Similarly to the gas nozzles 41 to 43, the injection direction B1 of the powder nozzle 3 includes a powder injection part 3a and a gas injection part (adjacent gas injection part) 42b of the gas nozzle 42 adjacent to the downstream side in the turning direction R. The connecting portion connecting straight line L41 to be connected and the tangent line L42 from the granular material injecting portion 3a to the block member 6 are positioned within a range of an angle θ4. As a result, the injection direction B1 of the powder nozzle 3 has a component perpendicular to the injection direction A2 of the gas nozzle 42. The powder nozzle 3 is inclined by an angle θ from the injection unit connecting straight line L41 toward the inside of the container 2 so that the injection direction B1 falls within the range of the angle θ4 (for example, about 5 degrees, This angle is substantially the same as the angle of inclination in the injection direction A1), and it is preferable to inject the powder. The angle θ is preferably set such that the injection direction B1 is separated from the gas injection part 42b of the gas nozzle 42 by a distance D4 (about 10 mm) or more.

  The processing device 10 operates as follows.

  In the crushing apparatus 1, powder particles are injected from the powder particle nozzle 3 into the container 2, and carrier gas is injected from the gas nozzle 4 into the container 2. In addition, from a granular material nozzle 3, a granular material and carrier gas may be mixed and injected so that injection of a granular material can be performed smoothly.

  The carrier gas jetted from the gas nozzle 41 collides with the powder jetted from the powder nozzle 3 and breaks up the powder. The carrier gas ejected from the gas nozzle 42 collides with the carrier gas ejected from the gas nozzle 41 and the granular material ejected from the granular material nozzle 3 to further disintegrate the granular material. . Then, the carrier gas injected from the gas nozzle 43 collides with the carrier gas injected from the gas nozzles 41 and 42 and the powder injected from the powder nozzle 3, and further breaks up the powder. ing.

  The granular material crushed by the carrier gas ejected from the gas nozzle 4 turns around the block member 6 together with the carrier gas, and further moves upward while being crushed. Then, at a height equal to or higher than the height at which the block member 6 is eliminated, diffusion of the crushed powder and particles is promoted, and re-aggregation of the particles is suppressed, and the particles move further upward while turning. And the granular material and carrier gas are discharged | emitted from the discharge port 5 provided in the center part of the upper wall of the upper body 22 of the container 2. As shown in FIG.

  The granular material and the carrier gas discharged from the discharge port 5 pass through the communication passage 12 connected to the discharge port 5, and are discharged downward into the processing chamber 11 from the receiving port 11 a of the processing chamber 11. The granular material received in the processing chamber 11 is subjected to predetermined processing, for example, heat treatment, in the processing chamber 11.

  According to the processing apparatus 10 having the above configuration, the following effects can be exhibited.

(1) Since carrier gas is injected in a direction having an orthogonal component with respect to the injection direction of the powder nozzle 3 or the gas nozzle 4 adjacent to the downstream side in the swirl direction R of the powder and carrier gas, injection By the carrier gas, the granular material can be further crushed, and the ratio of the granular material that is not re-agglomerated or not crushed can be reduced.

(2) Since the granular material can be further crushed by the injected carrier gas, the amount of the carrier gas introduced into the container 2 can be reduced.

(3) By disposing the block member 6 in the central portion of the container 2, it is possible to smoothly turn the powder and carrier gas in the container 2. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the ratio of the powder particles discharged from the discharge port 5 without colliding with the carrier gas.

(4) The crushing apparatus 1 crushes the aggregation of the granular material by causing the carrier gas to directly collide with the granular material. When the carrier gas is directly collided with the block member 6, the flow in the container is disturbed and wear of the block member 6 becomes remarkable. Therefore, the injection direction is outside the container 2 from the tangential direction to the block member 6. It is preferable to set the direction.

  Moreover, in order to suppress that the velocity of a granular material and carrier gas attenuate | damps along the inner wall surface 7 of a container, the direction of the granular material nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 is an injection part connection straight line in top view. It is preferable to incline toward the center of the container 2.

  In consideration of the above, by injecting the carrier gas within an angle range formed by the injection unit connecting straight line and the tangent line from the gas injection unit to the block member 6, the carrier gas is granulated at an appropriate angle. Colliding with the body, it is possible to promote the crushing of the granular material by the injected carrier gas.

(5) Since the container 2 has a circular horizontal cross section, the granular material and the carrier gas can be smoothly swirled in the container 2.

(6) Since the horizontal cross section of the block member 6 is circular, the granular material and the carrier gas can be smoothly swung around the block member 6 in the container 2.

(7) Since a predetermined gap is provided between the upper end of the block member 6 and the upper wall of the container 2, the diffusion of the crushed powder particles is promoted, and the powder particles are re-agglomerated. Can be suppressed.

(8) Since the gas nozzle 4 injects the carrier gas in the range of 5 degrees to θ1, θ2, or θ3 from the injection unit connecting straight line toward the inside of the container, the carrier at an appropriate angle. The gas collides with the granular material, and the pulverization of the granular material by the injected carrier gas can be promoted.

(9) Since 3 to 6 powder nozzles 3 and gas nozzles 4 are provided in total, the optimum number of powder nozzles and gas nozzles in the case of the above angle.

(10) Since the gas nozzle 4 has a Laval structure, the flow rate of the carrier gas injected from the gas nozzle 4 can be increased.

(11) Since the cross-sectional area of the block member 6 with respect to the horizontal plane is larger at the lower part than at the upper part, the cross-sectional area of the block member 6 is made smaller at the upper part of the container away from the granular material nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4. By doing so, it is possible to widen the space, promote the diffusion of the crushed powder particles, and suppress the reaggregation of the powder particles.

(12) Since the block member 6 is formed so that the cross-sectional area with respect to the horizontal plane becomes smaller from the predetermined height toward the upper side, the block member 6 is blocked at the upper portion of the container 2 away from the powder nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4. By reducing the cross-sectional area of the member 6, it is possible to widen the space, promote diffusion of the crushed powder particles, and suppress reaggregation of the powder particles.

(13) At the positions of the granular material nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4, the cross-sectional area of the block member 6 with respect to the horizontal plane is 1/6 or more of the cross-sectional area of the container 2 with respect to the horizontal plane, and is 1/3 or less. In determining the horizontal cross section of the block member 6, for example, when the horizontal cross section of the block member 6 is circular, the circular diameter is determined in consideration of the following contents.

  That is, when the circular diameter of the horizontal cross section of the block member 6 is too small, the swirl flow path for carrier gas or the like becomes large and the rectifying effect is weakened. On the other hand, if the circular diameter of the horizontal cross section of the block member 6 is too large, the swirl flow path of the carrier gas or the like becomes small, and the powder and carrier gas collide with the block member 6 to disturb the flow in the container 2. At the same time, wear of the block member 6 becomes significant. In consideration of the above, the optimum circular diameter of the horizontal cross section of the block member 6 is determined as described above.

(14) Since the height of the block member 6 is less than or equal to half the height of the discharge port 5, the absence of the block member 6 in the upper part of the container away from the powder nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 solves the problem. It is possible to promote diffusion of the crushed powder and suppress re-aggregation of the powder.

(15) Since the crushing apparatus 1 is configured to discharge the crushed powder particles downward toward the processing chamber 11, when the crushed powder particles are discharged, gravity is applied. The rate of separation and reaggregation can be reduced.

  In the said embodiment, although the crushing apparatus 1 is provided with the one granular material nozzle 3 and the three gas nozzles 41-43, the number of granular material nozzles is not limited to one, but two pieces. The number of gas nozzles is not limited to three, but may be one or more.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the crushing apparatus 1 having one powder particle nozzle 3 and four gas nozzles 4 (gas nozzles 41 to 44), and a total of five nozzles. As shown in FIG. 3, the injection direction A of the powder nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 has an angle θ toward the center of the container 2 with respect to the injection unit connection straight line L in a top view. Yes.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the crushing apparatus 1 having one powder particle nozzle 3 and five gas nozzles 4 (gas nozzles 41 to 45), and six nozzles in total. As shown in FIG. 4, the injection direction A of the granular material nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 has an angle θ toward the center of the container 2 with respect to the injection unit connection straight line L in a top view. Yes.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the crushing apparatus 1 having one powder particle nozzle 3 and seven gas nozzles 4 (gas nozzles 41 to 47), and a total of eight nozzles. 3-5, according to the size of the container 2 and the block member 6, the number of the powder nozzle 3 and the gas nozzle 4 can be adjusted suitably.

  The processing apparatus 10 is an apparatus that performs various types of processing of powder particles, and includes, for example, an apparatus that heat-treats the powder particles.

  In the said embodiment, although the gas nozzle 4 is provided with the Laval structure, the granular material nozzle 3 may also be provided with the Laval structure.

  In the above embodiment, the lower body 21 of the container 2 has a cylindrical shape, and the upper body 22 has a truncated cone shape, but the lower body 21 may have a polygonal cylinder shape that is equal to or greater than a triangle. Moreover, the upper body 22 may have a polygonal frustum shape of a triangle or more. However, the upper end surface of the lower body 21 and the lower end surface of the upper body 22 preferably coincide with each other.

  In the above embodiment, the lower body 61 of the block member 6 has a columnar shape, and the upper body 62 has a truncated cone shape, but the lower body 61 has a polygonal column shape that is a triangle or more. In addition, the upper body 62 may have a polygonal frustum shape that is greater than or equal to a triangle. However, the upper end surface of the lower body 61 and the lower end surface of the upper body 62 preferably coincide with each other. Further, the lower body 61 may be omitted and only the upper body 62 may be provided.

  In addition, it is preferable that the shape of the lower body 21 of the container 2 and the shape of the lower body 61 of the block member 6 are similar in terms of forming a constant swirl flow path.

  Various modifications and changes may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

  In this invention, since the reaggregation of a granular material can be suppressed and the crushing of a granular material can be accelerated | stimulated, the crushing apparatus and the processing apparatus can be provided, and industrial utility value is great.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing device 2 Container 21 Lower body 22 Upper body 3 Powder body nozzle 4 Gas nozzle 41 Gas nozzle 42 Gas nozzle 43 Gas nozzle 41a Laval structure 42a Laval structure 43a Laval structure 5 Outlet 6 Block member 61 Lower body 62 Upper body 7 Inner wall surface of container DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Processing apparatus 11 Processing chamber 11a Inlet 12 Communication path 12a Bending part

Claims (4)

A crushing device for crushing powder particles,
A container,
One or more powder nozzles provided on the lower side wall of the container and for injecting the powder into the container;
One or more gas nozzles provided on a lower side wall of the container and injecting a carrier gas into the container;
Provided in the center of the upper wall of the container, and discharges the powder and carrier gas,
The gas nozzle injects the carrier gas in a direction having a component perpendicular to the injection direction of the powder nozzle or gas nozzle adjacent to the downstream side in the swirling direction of the powder and carrier gas in the container. And
A block member is arranged in the central part in the container,
The powder and carrier gas sprayed from the powder nozzle and the gas nozzle are directed upward while swirling around the block member, and are discharged from the discharge port,
The block member includes a cylindrical lower body and a truncated cone-shaped upper body,
The heights of the particle nozzle and the gas nozzle are located in the vicinity of the boundary between the lower body and the upper body of the block member,
In top view of the crusher,
The gas nozzle is
An injection unit that connects a gas injection unit to the container of the gas nozzle and an adjacent particle injection unit to the container of the adjacent particle nozzle or an adjacent gas injection unit to the container of the adjacent gas nozzle. A connecting straight line;
A tangent line from the gas injection unit to the block member;
The carrier gas is injected within the range of angles formed by
The gas nozzle injects a carrier gas in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle or more from the injection unit connecting straight line toward the inside of the container so as to be separated from the adjacent powder body injection unit or the adjacent gas injection unit by 10 mm or more. A crushing device, characterized in that
The crushing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the container has a circular cross section.
The block member has a circular horizontal cross section,
The crushing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a predetermined gap is provided between an upper end portion of the block member and an upper wall of the container.
A processing device for pulverizing powder and performing a predetermined treatment on the crushed powder,
The said processing apparatus, The crushing apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-3 ,
A processing chamber for processing the granular material crushed by the crushing device,
The said crushing apparatus is connected to the said processing chamber so that the pulverized granular material may be discharged toward the said processing chamber, The processing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.

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