JP6291620B1 - Carbide manufacturing method and carbide manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a carbide manufacturing method capable of suppressing generation of pyrolysis gas from carbide discharged from a carbonization furnace. A carbide production method comprising: generating a carbide from the biomass by heating the biomass; and storing the carbide generated in the carbide generation step in a storage unit (42); And a removal step of removing the pyrolysis gas adsorbed on the carbide by making the inside of the accommodating portion (42) into a negative pressure. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbide production facility for producing carbide.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a carbide production facility for producing carbide from biomass such as sewage sludge, livestock excrement, and waste wood is known. For example, Patent Document 1 includes a carbonization furnace that generates carbide from the object to be processed by heating the object to be processed such as sewage sludge, cow dung, chicken dung, sake lees, lees, waste wood, bamboo, and the like. A carbide manufacturing facility is disclosed.

JP-A-2006-1224897

  In a carbide production facility as described in Patent Document 1, pyrolysis gas may be generated from the produced carbide. This pyrolysis gas usually contains a combustible gas such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen gas, and methane gas, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other odor components. When pyrolytic gas is generated from the produced carbide, it is inconvenient when handling the carbide.

  The objective of this invention is providing the carbide manufacturing method and carbide processing equipment which can suppress generation | occurrence | production of the pyrolysis gas from the carbide | carbonized_material discharged | emitted from the carbonization furnace.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have determined that pyrolysis generated during heat treatment of biomass (sludge etc.) in the carbonization furnace because the carbide generated in the carbonization furnace is porous. It has been found that the gas is adsorbed by the carbide in the carbonization furnace, and as a result, pyrolysis gas is generated from the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace. Therefore, the inventors have conceived that the above problem can be solved by removing the pyrolysis gas adsorbed on the carbide.

  The present invention has been made from such a viewpoint. Specifically, the present invention includes a carbide generating step for generating carbide from the biomass by heating the biomass, and storing the carbide generated in the carbide generating step in a storage unit that can store the carbide. And a removing step of removing the pyrolysis gas adsorbed on the carbide by making the inside of the housing part into a negative pressure.

  In the present carbide manufacturing method, in the removing step, the pyrolysis gas adsorbed by the carbide accommodated in the accommodating portion is removed from the carbide by making the inside of the accommodating portion have a negative pressure. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the pyrolysis gas from the carbide | carbonized_material manufactured with this manufacturing method is suppressed.

  In this case, it is preferable that the method further includes a gas supply step for supplying gas into the housing portion so that the pressure in the housing portion becomes higher than the pressure in the housing portion at the end of the removing step after the removing step. .

  If it does in this way, generation | occurrence | production of the pyrolysis gas from the carbide | carbonized_material taken out from the said accommodating part will be suppressed. Specifically, the gas is supplied into the storage unit in the gas supply step after the pressure in the storage unit is reduced in the removal step, so that the supplied gas is not accompanied by a physical operation such as stirring in the storage unit. However, since it effectively contacts the surface of the carbide due to the differential pressure, the pyrolysis gas adsorbed on the carbide is replaced with the supplied gas. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the pyrolysis gas from the carbide | carbonized_material taken out from the accommodating part is suppressed.

  In this case, it is preferable to supply a gas containing oxygen as the gas in the gas supply step.

  In this way, the heat generation of the carbide is more reliably suppressed. Specifically, oxygen is effectively brought into contact with the surface of the carbide by supplying oxygen-containing gas into the decompressed container. For this reason, since the carbide is oxidized in the housing portion (the active portion of the carbide disappears), it is suppressed that the carbide taken out from the housing portion contacts the oxygen in the air outside the housing portion and generates heat. Is done. That is, it is suppressed that the carbide manufactured by the manufacturing method generates heat.

  Furthermore, it is preferable to further include a re-depressurization step of depressurizing the housing part again after the gas supply step.

  In this way, even if pyrolysis gas is generated due to the reaction between the carbide and oxygen when a gas containing oxygen is supplied in the gas supply step, the pyrolysis is reduced by reducing the pressure in the housing portion by the decompression step. Gas is also removed. In addition, when a gas not containing oxygen is supplied in the gas supply process, even if the pyrolysis gas cannot be completely removed in the first removal process and remains in the carbide or the storage part, the gas is stored in the decompression process. By depressurizing the inside, the pyrolysis gas is also removed.

  In this case, it is preferable to repeat the gas supply step and the re-depressurization step a plurality of times after the re-depressurization step.

  If it does in this way, the pyrolysis gas in a storage part will be removed more reliably.

  Further, in this case, when the condition indicating that the amount of the pyrolysis gas in the housing portion is less than the reference amount and / or the heat generation of the carbide in the housing portion is completed, the carbide from the housing portion is established. It is preferable to further comprise a take-out step of taking out.

  If it does in this way, generation | occurrence | production of pyrolysis gas from the carbide | carbonized_material manufactured with the said manufacturing method and generation | occurrence | production of a carbide | carbonized_material will be suppressed more reliably.

  Further, the present invention is capable of generating a negative pressure in the carbonizing furnace that generates the carbide from the biomass by heating the biomass, the accommodating part that accommodates the carbide discharged from the carbonizing furnace, and the inside of the accommodating part. And a depressurizing means.

  In the present carbide manufacturing facility, the decompression means creates a negative pressure in the housing portion, whereby the pyrolysis gas adsorbed on the carbide housed in the housing portion is removed from the carbide. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the pyrolysis gas from the carbide | carbonized_material manufactured with the said installation is suppressed.

  In this case, it is possible to supply gas into the housing portion so that the pressure in the housing portion is higher than the pressure in the housing portion when the negative pressure is in the housing portion. It is preferable to further comprise a gas supply means.

  If it does in this way, generation | occurrence | production of the pyrolysis gas from the carbide | carbonized_material taken out from the said accommodating part will be suppressed. Specifically, the gas supply means supplies the gas into the housing portion after the inside of the housing portion has been depressurized by the decompression means, so that the supplied gas is not accompanied by a physical operation such as stirring in the housing portion. However, since it effectively contacts the surface of the carbide due to the differential pressure, the pyrolysis gas adsorbed on the carbide is replaced with the supplied gas. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the pyrolysis gas from the carbide | carbonized_material taken out from the accommodating part is suppressed.

  In this case, it is preferable that the gas supply means supplies a gas containing oxygen as the gas.

  In this way, the heat generation of the carbide is more reliably suppressed. Specifically, since the gas supplied from the gas supply unit into the storage unit is a gas containing oxygen such as air, oxygen effectively contacts the surface of the carbide. As a result, the carbide is oxidized in the housing portion (the active portion of the carbide disappears), so that the heat generated by the reaction of the carbide taken out from the housing portion with oxygen in the air outside the housing portion is suppressed. The Furthermore, even if pyrolysis gas is generated by the reaction between carbide and oxygen, the pyrolysis gas is also removed by depressurizing the inside of the housing portion again by the decompression means.

  In this case, when the condition indicating that the amount of the pyrolysis gas in the housing portion is less than the reference amount and / or the heat generation of the carbide in the housing portion is completed, the carbide is removed from the housing portion. It is preferable to further include a controller for discharging.

  In this way, after the above condition is satisfied, that is, when the amount of pyrolysis gas in the housing portion becomes less than the reference amount and / or when the heat generation of the carbide in the housing portion is finished, the carbide is discharged from the housing portion. Therefore, generation of pyrolysis gas from the carbide discharged from the housing portion and generation of heat by the carbide are more reliably suppressed. The condition indicating that the amount of the pyrolysis gas is less than the reference amount is that the measured value of a specific component of the gas extracted from the storage unit is less than a predetermined value, Examples of the conditions indicating that the heat generation of the carbide in the storage unit has been completed include that the operation of making a negative pressure and the operation of supplying the gas into the storage unit after completion of the operation were repeated a predetermined number of times. The temperature difference between the temperature in the container at the start of the gas supply process and the temperature in the container at the end of the gas supply process is less than a predetermined value, Of the extracted gas components, the measured values of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide generated by the oxidation of carbides are less than the predetermined value, and the operation of setting the negative pressure in the storage section and oxygen in the storage section after the operation ends. Containing gas Such that the operation and the sheet to have been repeated a predetermined times and the like.

  The carbide manufacturing facility further includes a switching unit, wherein the storage unit stores a first storage chamber that stores the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace, and a second storage that stores the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace. A first state in which the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace flows into the first storage chamber, and the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace flows into the second storage chamber. It is preferable to switch to the second state.

  If it does in this way, it will become possible to perform decompression processing of carbide continuously. Specifically, the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace is guided to the second storage chamber by setting the switching unit to the second state while the first storage chamber is decompressed, and the second storage chamber is decompressed. In the meantime, the reduced pressure of the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace can be continuously reduced by setting the switching portion to the first state to lead the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace to the first storage chamber. It becomes.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the carbide manufacturing facility further includes a cooling unit that is provided between the carbonization furnace and the housing portion and cools the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace.

  In this way, the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace is effectively cooled before flowing into the accommodating portion.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a carbide manufacturing method and a carbide treatment facility that can suppress generation of pyrolysis gas from carbide discharged from a carbonization furnace.

It is a figure showing the outline of the carbide manufacture equipment of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of the carbide manufacturing equipment of 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
A carbide manufacturing facility according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the carbide manufacturing facility of the present embodiment includes a hopper 10 that stores biomass (for example, sewage dry sludge), a carbonization furnace 20, a cooling unit 30, a decompression unit 40, and a gas supply. Means 50 and a controller 70 are provided.

  The carbonization furnace 20 generates carbide from the biomass by heating the biomass supplied from the hopper 10. This carbonization furnace 20 conveys biomass while heating. In addition, the pyrolysis gas generated in the process of conveying biomass while heating is supplied to the combustion apparatus. On the other hand, the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace 20 is supplied to the cooling unit 30.

  The cooling unit 30 is a device that cools the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace 20. Specifically, the cooling unit 30 includes a case 32 that receives the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace 20, a conveyance unit 34 that conveys the carbide in the case 32, and a water supply unit 36 that supplies water to the carbide. . The case 32 is arranged in such a posture that the height position gradually increases as it goes downstream. The water supply unit 36 is provided in the case 32 and supplies (sprays) water to the carbide transported in the case 32. In the present embodiment, the water supply unit 36 is connected to a portion of the case 32 that is downstream of the central portion of the case 32 in the longitudinal direction of the case 32.

  The decompression unit 40 is a unit capable of placing the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 under negative pressure. Specifically, the decompression unit 40 includes an accommodation portion 42 that accommodates the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30, and a decompression unit 44 that is connected to the accommodation portion 42 and makes the inside of the accommodation portion 42 a negative pressure. ing. The accommodating part 42 has a receiving port (not shown) for receiving carbide, an outlet (not shown) from which the carbide can be taken out, and an opening / closing part (not shown) that can open and close the outlet. The accommodating part 42 is provided with a pressure gauge (not shown) capable of measuring the pressure (negative pressure and positive pressure) in the accommodating part 42. Examples of the decompression unit 44 include a rotary pump, a diaphragm pump, a screw pump, and a roots pump.

  The gas supply means 50 supplies gas into the accommodating part 42 so that the inside of the accommodating part 42 becomes, for example, a normal pressure. Specifically, the gas supply means 50 supplies a gas (air or the like) containing oxygen into the accommodating portion 42.

  When the condition indicating that the amount of pyrolysis gas in the storage unit 42 is less than the reference amount and that the heat generation of the carbide in the storage unit 42 has been completed is satisfied, the control unit 70 removes the storage unit 42. The carbide is discharged from the outlet (opening / closing part of the accommodating part 42 is opened). The conditions include that the detection value of the temperature sensor 71 provided in the accommodating portion 42 is equal to or lower than a predetermined value (the heat generation of the carbide is substantially finished), and that the gas extraction flow path (illustrated in the drawing) And a measuring device (not shown) capable of measuring a specific component of the gas at the downstream end of the flow path, and the measured value of the measuring device is equal to or lower than a predetermined value. For example, the operation of making the inside of the section 42 negative pressure and the operation of returning to the normal pressure are repeated a predetermined number of times. The gas extracted from the gas extraction flow path may be stored in a container such as a bag, transported to a predetermined facility, and analyzed there.

  Next, the operation method of the carbide manufacturing facility described above will be described.

  First, biomass is supplied from the hopper 10 to the carbonization furnace 20. And the carbonization furnace 20 conveys the biomass supplied from the hopper 10 while heating. In this process, the biomass is carbonized, thereby producing carbide. At this time, the carbide that has been made into a porous body by being thermally decomposed adsorbs a part of the pyrolysis gas generated in the carbonization furnace 20.

  Next, the carbide generated in the carbonization furnace 20 is sent to the case 32 of the cooling unit 30. The carbide is cooled by the water supplied from the water supply unit 36 while being transported by the transport unit 34 toward the downstream side in the case 32.

  Then, the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 42, and the decompression means 44 creates a negative pressure in the accommodating portion 42 (exhausts the accommodating portion 42). As a result, the pyrolysis gas such as carbon monoxide adsorbed on the carbide, which is a porous body, is removed (discharged out of the accommodating portion 42).

  Subsequently, the gas supply means 50 supplies a gas containing oxygen into the accommodating portion 42 until the inside of the accommodating portion 42 becomes, for example, a normal pressure. Thereafter, the decompression means 44 makes the inside of the accommodating portion 42 a negative pressure again. After the operation of making the inside of the housing portion 42 into a negative pressure and the operation of returning to the normal pressure are repeated a plurality of times, the carbide is taken out from the outlet of the housing portion 42. Specifically, when the condition is satisfied, the control unit 70 opens the opening / closing unit of the housing unit 42. Note that the control unit 70 may be omitted, and an operation of opening the opening / closing unit of the storage unit 42 may be manually performed when the above condition is satisfied.

  As explained above, in the carbide manufacturing facility of the present embodiment, the decompression means 44 creates a negative pressure in the housing portion 42, whereby the pyrolysis gas adsorbed on the carbide housed in the housing portion 42 is reduced. Removed from carbides. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the pyrolysis gas from a carbide | carbonized_material is suppressed.

  Moreover, since the gas supply means 50 supplies the gas containing oxygen in the accommodating part 42 so that the inside of the accommodating part 42 becomes a normal pressure, it is suppressed that the carbide | carbonized_material extracted from the accommodating part 42 generate | occur | produces heat. . Specifically, the gas supply means 50 supplies oxygen-containing gas (air, etc.) into the accommodating portion 42 after the inside of the accommodating portion 42 has been depressurized once by the decompression means 44, so that almost all the surfaces of the carbides are applied. Oxygen contacts effectively. As a result, the carbide is oxidized (the active portion of the carbide disappears), so that the heat generated by the reaction of the carbide taken out from the housing portion 42 with oxygen in the air is suppressed. Furthermore, even if pyrolysis gas is generated by the reaction between carbide and oxygen when the gas is supplied into the accommodating portion 42 by the gas supply means 50 (in the gas supply step), the inside of the accommodating portion 42 is decompressed again by the decompression means 44. By doing so, the pyrolysis gas is also removed.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a carbide manufacturing facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the second embodiment, only parts different from the first embodiment will be described, and the description of the same structure, operation, and effect as in the first embodiment will be omitted.

  The carbide manufacturing facility of the present embodiment further includes a switching unit 60, the accommodating portion 42 of the decompression unit 40 has a plurality of (two in this embodiment) accommodation chambers 42a and 42b, and the decompression means 44 is The gas supply means 50 includes a plurality of (two in this embodiment) supply sections 50a and 50b. The gas supply means 50 includes a plurality of (two in this embodiment) decompression sections 44a and 44b.

  Specifically, the storage portion 42 includes a first storage chamber 42a that stores a part of the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30, a second storage chamber 42b that stores the remaining portion of the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30, and have. The storage chambers 42a and 42b are provided with temperature sensors 71a and 71b, respectively. The decompression unit 44 includes a first decompression unit 44a capable of creating a negative pressure in the first storage chamber 42a, and a second decompression unit 44b capable of creating a negative pressure in the second storage chamber 42b. Have. The gas supply means 50 includes a first supply unit 50a capable of supplying a gas containing oxygen into the first storage chamber 42a so that the inside of the first storage chamber 42a becomes, for example, normal pressure, and a second storage chamber For example, a second supply unit 50b capable of supplying a gas containing oxygen into the second storage chamber 42b so that the inside of the 42b has a normal pressure.

  The switching unit 60 includes a first channel 61, a second channel 62, and a switching unit 63. The first flow path 61 guides the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 to the first storage chamber 42a. The second flow path 62 guides the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 to the second storage chamber 42b. The switching unit 63 has a first state in which the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 flows into the first storage chamber 42a and a second state in which the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 flows into the second storage chamber 42b. Switch. Specifically, the switching unit 63 switches to the second state when the amount of carbide stored in the first storage chamber 42a reaches the reference amount in the first state, and stores the carbide in the second storage chamber 42b in the second state. When the amount reaches the reference amount, the first state is switched. The amount of carbide contained in each of the storage chambers 42a and 42b is detected by a level sensor or the like provided in each of the storage chambers 42a and 42b.

  In the carbide manufacturing facility of this embodiment, it is possible to continuously perform decompression processing of carbide. Specifically, the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 is guided to the second storage chamber 42b by setting the switching unit 63 to the second state while the first decompression unit 44a is depressurizing the first storage chamber 42a. In addition, the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 is guided to the first storage chamber 42a by setting the switching unit 63 to the first state while the second decompression unit 44b is depressurizing the second storage chamber 42b. By repeating this, continuous decompression processing of the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 becomes possible.

  In the present embodiment, for example, when the switching unit 63 is in the second state, the first supply is performed before the switching unit 63 switches to the first state after the decompression process of the first storage chamber 42a by the first decompression unit 44a is completed. The operation of setting the first storage chamber 42a to normal pressure and the operation of setting it to negative pressure are repeated by the portion 50a. And the control part 70 is a condition which shows in the 2nd state that the quantity of the pyrolysis gas in the 1st storage chamber 42a became less than reference | standard amount, and the heat_generation | fever of the carbide | carbonized_material in the 1st storage chamber 42a was complete | finished. When is established, the opening / closing part of the first storage chamber 42a is opened.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above description of the embodiments but by the scope of claims for patent, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims for patent.

  For example, the switching unit 63 may switch between the first state and the second state at regular intervals, or when the operation for setting the negative pressure and the normal pressure for each storage chamber is repeated a predetermined number of times. The first state and the second state may be switched.

  Moreover, the gas supply means 50 is not restricted to what supplies gas until the inside of the accommodating part 42 becomes a normal pressure. The gas supply means 50 supplies gas into the accommodating portion 42 so that the pressure in the accommodating portion 42 becomes higher than the pressure of the accommodating portion 42 when the pressure reducing means 44 finishes exhausting the accommodating portion 42. That's fine.

  Further, when the gas supply process is repeated a plurality of times, the gas supply means 50 is not limited to one that supplies a gas containing oxygen each time or a gas that does not contain oxygen each time. For example, after supplying a gas not containing oxygen in the gas supply step, a gas containing oxygen may be supplied in the second gas supply step.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hopper 20 Carbonization furnace 30 Cooling unit 40 Decompression unit 42 Accommodating part 42a 1st accommodating chamber 42b 2nd accommodating chamber 44 Decompressing means 50 Gas supply means 50a 1st supply part 50b 2nd supply part 60 Switching unit 63 Switching part 70 Control part

Claims (12)

A carbide generating step for generating carbide from the biomass by heating the biomass;
A removal step of removing the pyrolysis gas adsorbed on the carbide by accommodating the carbide generated in the carbide generation step in a storage portion that can store the carbide and making the inside of the storage portion a negative pressure; A carbide manufacturing method comprising: The carbide manufacturing method according to claim 1,
A carbide manufacturing method, further comprising a gas supply step of supplying a gas into the housing portion so that a pressure in the housing portion becomes higher than a pressure in the housing portion at the end of the removing step after the removing step. In the carbide manufacturing method according to claim 2,
In the gas supply step, a carbide manufacturing method in which a gas containing oxygen is supplied as the gas. In the carbide manufacturing method according to claim 2 or 3,
A carbide manufacturing method, further comprising a re-depressurization step of depressurizing the housing portion again after the gas supply step. In the carbide manufacturing method according to claim 4,
The carbide manufacturing method of repeating the gas supply process and the re-decompression process a plurality of times after the re-decompression process. In the carbide manufacturing method according to claim 4 or 5,
A step of taking out the carbide from the housing portion when a condition indicating that the amount of the pyrolysis gas in the housing portion has become less than a reference amount and / or that the heat generation of the carbide in the housing portion has been satisfied is established. A carbide manufacturing method further comprising: A carbonization furnace for generating carbide from the biomass by heating the biomass;
An accommodating portion for accommodating the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace;
A carbide production facility comprising: decompression means capable of making the inside of the accommodating portion have a negative pressure. In the carbide manufacturing facility according to claim 7,
Gas supply means capable of supplying gas into the housing part so that the pressure in the housing part is higher than the pressure in the housing part when the negative pressure is in the housing part. Carbide manufacturing equipment further provided. In the carbide manufacturing facility according to claim 8,
The said gas supply means is a carbide manufacturing equipment which supplies the gas containing oxygen as said gas. In the carbide manufacturing facility according to claim 8 or 9,
Control that discharges the carbide from the housing portion when a condition indicating that the amount of the pyrolysis gas in the housing portion has become less than a reference amount and / or the heat generation of the carbide in the housing portion has been satisfied. The carbide manufacturing equipment further comprising a section. In the carbide manufacturing equipment according to any one of claims 7 to 10,
A switching unit,
The accommodating portion is
A first storage chamber for storing carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace;
A second storage chamber for storing the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace,
The switching unit includes a first state in which the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace flows into the first storage chamber, and a second state in which the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace flows into the second storage chamber. Carbide manufacturing equipment to be switched. In the carbide manufacturing equipment according to any one of claims 7 to 11,
A carbide manufacturing facility, further comprising a cooling unit that is provided between the carbonization furnace and the housing portion and cools the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace.

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