JP2019043988A - Method for producing carbonized material and facility for producing carbonized material - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide the method for producing the carbonized material, that can suppress generation of pyrolysis gas from the carbonized material discharged from a carbonization furnace.SOLUTION: The method for producing the carbonized material comprises: a carbonized material production step for producing the carbonized material from biomass by heating the biomass, and a removal step of accommodating the carbonized material generated in the carbonized material production step in an accommodation portion (42) and removing the pyrolysis gas adsorbed to the carbonized material by making the inside of the accommodation portion (42) negative pressure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbide production facility for producing carbides.

  Conventionally, a carbide production facility is known which produces carbides from biomass such as sewage sludge, livestock excrement and waste wood. For example, Patent Document 1 includes a carbonizing furnace that generates carbides from the object to be treated by heating sewage sludge, and objects to be treated such as cow dung, chicken dung, chicken dung, wine dregs, rice bran, waste wood, bamboo and the like. A carbide production facility is disclosed.

JP, 2016-124897, A

  In a carbide production facility as described in Patent Document 1, a pyrolysis gas may be generated from the produced carbide. The thermal decomposition gas usually contains a combustible gas such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen gas and methane gas, carbon dioxide, water vapor and other odorous components. Generation of pyrolysis gas from the produced carbide is inconvenient in handling the carbide.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a carbide production method and carbide treatment equipment capable of suppressing the generation of pyrolysis gas from carbides discharged from a carbonization furnace.

  As a result of earnestly examining in order to solve the said subject, since the carbide | carbonized_material produced | generated by carbonization furnace is porous as a result of the present inventors, the thermal decomposition generate | occur | produced during heat processing of biomass (sludge etc.) in a carbonization furnace It has been found that gas is adsorbed to carbides in the carbonizing furnace, and as a result, pyrolysis gas is generated from the carbides discharged from the carbonizing furnace. Therefore, it was thought that the said subject could be solved by removing the thermal decomposition gas adsorbed by the carbide.

  The present invention has been made from such a point of view. Specifically, according to the present invention, the step of producing carbide from the biomass by heating the biomass, and the carbide produced in the step of producing carbide are accommodated in the container capable of accommodating the carbide, and And C. removing the pyrolysis gas adsorbed to the carbide by applying a negative pressure to the inside of the container.

  In the present carbide manufacturing method, in the removal step, the pyrolysis gas adsorbed by the carbide contained in the container is removed from the carbide by applying negative pressure to the inside of the container. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the thermal decomposition gas from the carbide | carbonized_material manufactured by this manufacturing method is suppressed.

  In this case, it is preferable to further include, after the removal step, a gas supply step of supplying a gas into the storage portion so that the pressure in the storage portion is higher than the pressure in the storage portion at the end of the removal step. .

  In this way, the generation of the thermal decomposition gas from the carbide taken out from the housing portion is suppressed. Specifically, after the pressure in the storage unit is reduced in the removal step, the gas is supplied into the storage unit in the gas supply step, so that the supplied gas does not involve physical operation such as stirring in the storage unit. Even because the surface of carbide is effectively contacted due to the differential pressure, the pyrolysis gas adsorbed to the carbide is replaced by the supplied gas. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the thermal decomposition gas from the carbide | carbonized_material taken out from the accommodating part is suppressed.

  In this case, in the gas supply step, it is preferable to supply a gas containing oxygen as the gas.

  In this way, the heat generation of the carbide is more reliably suppressed. Specifically, oxygen is effectively brought into contact with the surface of the carbide by supplying a gas containing oxygen into the depressurized storage unit. For this reason, the carbide is oxidized in the housing portion (the active part of the carbide disappears), so that the carbide taken out from the housing portion is prevented from coming into contact with oxygen in the air outside the housing portion to generate heat. Be done. That is, heat generation of the carbide produced by the production method is suppressed.

  Furthermore, it is preferable to further include a re-decompression step of decompressing the storage unit again after the gas supply step.

  In this way, even if a thermal decomposition gas is generated by the reaction of the carbide and oxygen when the gas containing oxygen is supplied in the gas supply step, the thermal decomposition of the thermal decomposition is performed by reducing the pressure in the storage section by the repressurization step. Gas is also removed. In the case where a gas not containing oxygen is supplied in the gas supply step, the thermal decomposition gas is not completely removed in the first removal step, and even if it remains in the carbide or in the container, it is stored by the pressure reduction step again. By reducing the pressure in the unit, the pyrolysis gas is also removed.

  In this case, it is preferable to repeat the gas supply step and the re-depressurization step a plurality of times after the re-depressurization step.

  In this way, the thermal decomposition gas in the container can be more reliably removed.

  Furthermore, in this case, when a condition indicating that the amount of thermal decomposition gas in the storage portion has become less than a reference amount and / or the heat generation of the carbide in the storage portion is satisfied, the carbide is removed from the storage portion Preferably, the method further comprises a removal step of removing the

  In this way, the generation of a thermal decomposition gas from the carbide produced by the production method and the heat generation of the carbide are more reliably suppressed.

  Further, according to the present invention, a carbonizing furnace that generates carbides from the biomass by heating biomass, a storage unit that stores the carbides discharged from the carbonization furnace, and negative pressure in the storage unit can be obtained. And a depressurizing means.

  In the present carbide production facility, the depressurizing means applies negative pressure to the inside of the containing portion, whereby the pyrolysis gas adsorbed by the carbide contained in the containing portion is removed from the carbide. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the thermal decomposition gas from the carbide | carbonized_material manufactured with the said installation is suppressed.

  In this case, when the pressure in the container is negative, the gas can be supplied into the container so that the pressure in the container is higher than the pressure in the container when the pressure is negative. Preferably, it further comprises a gas supply means.

  In this way, the generation of the thermal decomposition gas from the carbide taken out from the housing portion is suppressed. Specifically, the gas supply means supplies the gas into the containing part after the pressure in the containing part is once reduced by the pressure reducing means, and the supplied gas is not accompanied by a physical operation such as stirring in the containing part. Even because the surface of carbide is effectively contacted due to the differential pressure, the pyrolysis gas adsorbed to the carbide is replaced by the supplied gas. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the thermal decomposition gas from the carbide | carbonized_material taken out from the accommodating part is suppressed.

  In this case, the gas supply unit preferably supplies a gas containing oxygen as the gas.

  In this way, the heat generation of the carbide is more reliably suppressed. Specifically, since the gas supplied from the gas supply unit into the storage unit is a gas containing oxygen such as air, oxygen is effectively in contact with the surface of the carbide. As a result, the carbide is oxidized in the housing portion (the active part of the carbide disappears), so that the heat generation due to the reaction of the carbide taken out from the housing portion with oxygen in the air outside the housing portion is suppressed. Ru. Furthermore, even if thermal decomposition gas is generated due to the reaction between the carbide and oxygen, the thermal decomposition gas is also removed by reducing the pressure in the storage section again by the pressure reducing means.

  In this case, when the condition indicating that the amount of the pyrolysis gas in the storage portion is less than the reference amount and / or the heat generation of the carbide in the storage portion is satisfied, the carbide is removed from the storage portion Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a control unit for discharging.

  In this way, after the above conditions are satisfied, that is, the amount of pyrolysis gas in the storage unit becomes less than the reference amount, and / or the carbide is discharged from the storage unit when heat generation of carbides in the storage unit ends. Therefore, the generation of the thermal decomposition gas from the carbide discharged from the housing portion and the heat generation of the carbide are more reliably suppressed. In addition, as a condition indicating that the amount of the thermal decomposition gas has become less than the reference amount, the measured value of a specific component of the gas extracted from the storage portion may be less than a predetermined value, or The operation of setting the negative pressure and the operation of supplying the gas into the storage unit after the operation is repeated a predetermined number of times, and the like. The condition indicating that the heat generation of the carbide in the storage unit has ended includes the inside of the storage unit. The temperature difference between the temperature in the storage unit at the start of the gas supply process and the temperature in the storage unit at the end of the gas supply process becomes less than the predetermined value, or The measured value of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide generated by oxidation of the carbide among the components of the extracted gas is less than a predetermined value, the operation to make the inside of the container negative pressure, and oxygen in the container after the operation is completed Gas containing Such that the operation and the sheet to have been repeated a predetermined times and the like.

  The carbide production facility further includes a switching unit, and the storage unit includes a first storage chamber for storing the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace and a second storage for storing the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace. A chamber, and the switching unit is in a first state in which the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace flows into the first storage chamber, and the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace flows into the second storage chamber It is preferable to switch between the second state and the second state.

  In this way, it is possible to continuously carry out pressure reduction treatment of carbides. Specifically, by bringing the switching unit into the second state while depressurizing the first storage chamber, the carbide discharged from the carbonizing furnace is introduced to the second accommodation chamber, and the pressure in the second storage chamber is reduced. By continuously switching the carbide discharged from the carbonizing furnace to the first storage chamber by setting the switching unit to the first state during the process, continuous depressurization of the carbide discharged from the carbonizing furnace is possible. It becomes.

  In the carbide production facility, it is preferable to further include a cooling unit which is provided between the carbonization furnace and the housing portion and cools the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace.

  In this way, the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace is effectively cooled before flowing into the container.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a carbide production method and carbide treatment equipment capable of suppressing the generation of pyrolysis gas from the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the outline of the carbide manufacturing equipment of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of the carbide manufacturing equipment of 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

First Embodiment
A carbide production facility according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the carbide production facility of the present embodiment includes a hopper 10 for storing biomass (for example, dried sludge of sewage), a carbonizing furnace 20, a cooling unit 30, a pressure reduction unit 40, and gas supply. Means 50 and a control unit 70 are provided.

  The carbonization furnace 20 generates carbides from the biomass by heating the biomass supplied from the hopper 10. The carbonizing furnace 20 transports the biomass while heating it. In addition, the thermal decomposition gas generated in the process of conveying while heating biomass is supplied to a combustion apparatus. On the other hand, the carbide discharged from the carbonizing furnace 20 is supplied to the cooling unit 30.

  The cooling unit 30 is an apparatus for cooling the carbides discharged from the carbonizing furnace 20. Specifically, the cooling unit 30 has a case 32 for receiving the carbide discharged from the carbonizing furnace 20, a transport unit 34 for transporting the carbide in the case 32, and a water supply unit 36 for supplying water to the carbide. . The case 32 is disposed in a posture in which the height position is gradually increased toward the downstream. The water supply unit 36 is provided in the case 32 and supplies (sprays) water to the carbide transported in the case 32. In the present embodiment, the water supply unit 36 is connected to a portion of the case 32 on the downstream side of the central portion of the case 32 in the longitudinal direction of the case 32.

  The decompression unit 40 is a unit capable of placing the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 under negative pressure. Specifically, the depressurization unit 40 has an accommodating portion 42 for accommodating the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30, and depressurizing means 44 connected to the accommodating portion 42 and making the inside of the accommodating portion 42 negative pressure. ing. The housing portion 42 has a receiving port (not shown) for receiving the carbide, an outlet (not shown) capable of taking out the carbide, and an opening / closing portion (not shown) capable of opening and closing the outlet. The housing portion 42 is provided with a pressure gauge (not shown) capable of measuring the pressure (negative pressure and positive pressure) in the housing portion 42. Examples of the pressure reducing means 44 include a rotary pump, a diaphragm pump, a screw pump, and a roots pump.

  The gas supply means 50 supplies the gas into the storage portion 42 so that the pressure in the storage portion 42 is, for example, normal pressure. Specifically, the gas supply unit 50 supplies a gas (such as air) containing oxygen into the storage unit 42.

  When the condition indicating that the amount of the thermal decomposition gas in the storage portion 42 becomes less than the reference amount and the heat generation of the carbide in the storage portion 42 is satisfied, the control portion 70 removes the storage portion 42 The carbide is discharged from the outlet (the opening and closing portion of the housing portion 42 is opened). As the conditions, the detection value of the temperature sensor 71 provided in the housing portion 42 becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value (the heat generation of the carbide is substantially completed), and the gas extraction flow path (shown in FIG. And a measuring device (not shown) capable of measuring a specific component of gas at the downstream end of the flow path, and the measured value of the measuring device is less than or equal to a predetermined value. The operation to make the inside of the portion 42 negative pressure and the operation to return to normal pressure are repeated a predetermined number of times, and the like. The gas extracted from the gas extraction flow path may be contained in a container such as a bag, transported to a predetermined facility, and analyzed there.

  Next, the operation method of the carbide manufacturing equipment described above will be described.

  First, biomass is supplied from the hopper 10 to the carbonization furnace 20. Then, the carbonizing furnace 20 transports the biomass supplied from the hopper 10 while heating it. In this process, the biomass is carbonized to form carbides. At this time, the carbide which has become a porous body by being thermally decomposed adsorbs a part of the pyrolysis gas generated in the carbonizing furnace 20.

  Next, the carbide produced in the carbonizing furnace 20 is sent to the case 32 of the cooling unit 30. The carbide is cooled by water supplied from the water supply unit 36 while being transported by the transport unit 34 toward the downstream side in the case 32.

  Then, the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 42, and the depressurizing means 44 makes the inside of the accommodating portion 42 a negative pressure (exhausts the inside of the accommodating portion 42). As a result, the thermal decomposition gas such as carbon monoxide adsorbed by the carbide which is a porous body is removed (discharged to the outside of the storage portion 42).

  Subsequently, the gas supply unit 50 supplies a gas containing oxygen into the storage unit 42 until, for example, the pressure in the storage unit 42 becomes normal pressure. Thereafter, the pressure reducing means 44 makes the inside of the housing portion 42 negative pressure again. After the operation of making the inside of the housing portion 42 negative pressure and the operation of returning to normal pressure are repeated a plurality of times, the carbide is taken out from the outlet of the housing portion 42. Specifically, when the above condition is satisfied, the control unit 70 opens the opening / closing unit of the housing unit 42. In addition, the control part 70 may be abbreviate | omitted and the operation which opens the opening-closing part of the accommodating part 42 may be manually performed, when the said conditions are satisfied.

  As described above, in the carbide production facility of the present embodiment, the thermal decomposition gas adsorbed by the carbide contained in the containing portion 42 is reduced by the depressurizing means 44 making the inside of the containing portion 42 negative pressure. It is removed from the carbides. Therefore, generation of pyrolysis gas from carbide is suppressed.

  Further, the gas supply means 50 supplies the gas containing oxygen to the inside of the housing portion 42 so that the pressure in the housing portion 42 becomes normal pressure, so that the carbide taken out from the housing portion 42 is prevented from generating heat. . Specifically, the gas supply means 50 supplies a gas (such as air) containing oxygen to the inside of the housing portion 42 after the pressure in the housing portion 42 is once reduced by the pressure reducing means 44, almost all the surface of the carbides. Oxygen contacts effectively. As a result, the carbide is oxidized (a part of the carbide which tends to be activated disappears), so that the heat generation due to the reaction of the carbide taken out from the housing portion 42 with the oxygen in the air is suppressed. Furthermore, even if a thermal decomposition gas is generated due to the reaction between the carbide and oxygen when the gas is supplied into the storage unit 42 by the gas supply unit 50 (in the gas supply step), the pressure reduction unit 44 reduces the pressure in the storage unit 42 again. As a result, the pyrolysis gas is also removed.

Second Embodiment
Next, with reference to FIG. 2, a carbide production facility of a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, only portions different from the first embodiment will be described, and the description of the same structure, operation and effect as the first embodiment will be omitted.

  The carbide production facility of the present embodiment further includes a switching unit 60, and the storage unit 42 of the decompression unit 40 has a plurality of (two in this embodiment) accommodation chambers 42a and 42b, and the decompression unit 44 A plurality of (two in this embodiment) decompression units 44a and 44b are provided, and the gas supply unit 50 includes a plurality of (two in this embodiment) supply units 50a and 50b.

  Specifically, the storage unit 42 includes a first storage chamber 42 a for storing a part of the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 and a second storage chamber 42 b for storing the remaining part of the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30. have. Temperature sensors 71a and 71b are provided in the storage chambers 42a and 42b, respectively. The pressure reducing means 44 includes a first pressure reducing portion 44a capable of making the inside of the first storage chamber 42a a negative pressure, and a second pressure reducing portion 44b capable of making the inside of the second storage chamber 42b a negative pressure. Have. The gas supply means 50 includes a first supply unit 50a capable of supplying a gas containing oxygen into the first storage chamber 42a such that the pressure in the first storage chamber 42a is, for example, normal pressure, and a second storage chamber And a second supply unit 50b capable of supplying a gas containing oxygen into the second storage chamber 42b so that the inside of the chamber 42b is, for example, normal pressure.

  The switching unit 60 includes a first flow passage 61, a second flow passage 62, and a switching unit 63. The first flow passage 61 guides the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 to the first storage chamber 42 a. The second flow passage 62 guides the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 to the second accommodation chamber 42 b. The switching unit 63 has a first state in which the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 flows into the first storage chamber 42a, and a second state in which the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 flows into the second storage chamber 42b. Switch. Specifically, the switching unit 63 switches to the second state when the storage amount of carbides in the first storage chamber 42a reaches the reference amount in the first state, and stores the carbides in the second storage chamber 42b in the second state. Switch to the first state when the quantity reaches the reference quantity. The amount of carbide contained in each of the storage chambers 42a and 42b is detected by a level sensor or the like provided in each of the storage chambers 42a and 42b.

  In the carbide production facility of this embodiment, it is possible to continuously carry out decompression treatment of carbides. Specifically, the switching unit 63 is brought into the second state while the first depressurizing unit 44a is decompressing the inside of the first accommodation chamber 42a, thereby leading the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 to the second accommodation chamber 42b. The carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 is introduced to the first storage chamber 42a by setting the switching unit 63 to the first state while the second decompression unit 44b is decompressing the inside of the second storage chamber 42b. By repeating the above, continuous decompression processing of the carbide discharged from the cooling unit 30 is possible.

  In the present embodiment, for example, when the switching unit 63 is in the second state, the first supply is performed before the switching unit 63 switches to the first state after the pressure reduction processing of the first storage chamber 42a by the first pressure reducing unit 44a is completed. The operation of setting the first storage chamber 42a to normal pressure and the operation of setting the negative pressure are repeated by the portion 50a. Then, in the second state, the control unit 70 indicates that the amount of the pyrolysis gas in the first storage chamber 42a is less than the reference amount and that the heat generation of the carbides in the first storage chamber 42a is ended. When the above is established, the opening and closing portion of the first accommodation chamber 42a is opened.

  It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is indicated not by the description of the embodiments described above but by the claims, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims.

  For example, the switching unit 63 may switch between the first state and the second state at regular intervals, or when the operation of setting each storage chamber to a negative pressure and the operation to set a normal pressure are repeated a predetermined number of times. The first state and the second state may be switched.

  Moreover, the gas supply means 50 is not restricted to what supplies gas until the inside of the accommodating part 42 becomes a normal pressure. The gas supply unit 50 supplies gas into the storage unit 42 so that the pressure in the storage unit 42 becomes higher than the pressure of the storage unit 42 when the evacuation in the storage unit 42 is completed by the decompression unit 44. Just do it.

  Further, the gas supply means 50 is not limited to the one that supplies the gas containing oxygen each time or the one that supplies the gas that does not contain oxygen each time when the gas supply process is repeated a plurality of times. For example, after the gas containing no oxygen is supplied in the gas supplying step, the gas containing oxygen may be supplied in the second gas supplying step.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 hopper 20 carbonization furnace 30 cooling unit 40 decompression unit 42 accommodation part 42a 1st accommodation room 42b 2nd accommodation room 44 decompression means 50 gas supply means 50a 1st supply part 50b 2nd supply part 60 switching unit 63 switching part 70 control part

Claims (12)

A carbide generation step of generating carbides from the biomass by heating the biomass;
Removing the carbide generated in the carbide forming step in a container capable of containing the carbide, and removing the pyrolysis gas adsorbed to the carbide by making the inside of the container negative pressure; A method of producing carbide, comprising: In the carbide production method according to claim 1,
The carbide manufacturing method, further comprising a gas supply step of supplying a gas into the storage portion after the removal step so that the pressure in the storage portion becomes higher than the pressure in the storage portion at the end of the removal step. In the carbide production method according to claim 2,
In the gas supplying step, a gas containing oxygen as the gas is supplied. In the carbide manufacturing method according to claim 2 or 3,
The carbide manufacturing method further provided with the re-depressurization process which pressure-reduces the said accommodating part again after the said gas supply process. In the carbide production method according to claim 4,
The carbide manufacturing method which repeats the said gas supply process and the said re-depressurization process in multiple times after the said re-depressurization process. In the carbide manufacturing method according to claim 4 or 5,
An extraction process for removing the carbide from the storage portion when a condition indicating that the amount of pyrolysis gas in the storage portion is less than a reference amount and / or the heat generation of the carbide in the storage portion is satisfied is satisfied The method for producing carbide, further comprising A carbonizing furnace that produces carbides from the biomass by heating the biomass;
An accommodating portion for accommodating the carbide discharged from the carbonizing furnace;
And a depressurizing means capable of making the inside of the container part negative pressure. In the carbide production facility according to claim 7,
A gas supply means capable of supplying a gas into the containing portion so that the pressure in the containing portion is higher than the pressure in the containing portion when the inside of the containing portion is a negative pressure. In addition, carbide production equipment. In the carbide production facility according to claim 8,
The said gas supply means supplies the gas containing oxygen as said gas, The carbide manufacturing equipment. In the carbide production facility according to claim 8 or 9,
Control for discharging the carbide from the storage portion when a condition indicating that the amount of pyrolysis gas in the storage portion is less than a reference amount and / or the heat generation of the carbide in the storage portion is satisfied is satisfied The carbide production facility further comprising a part. The carbide production facility according to any one of claims 7 to 10
Further comprising a switching unit,
The storage unit is
A first storage chamber for storing carbides discharged from the carbonizing furnace;
And a second storage chamber for storing the carbide discharged from the carbonizing furnace,
The switching unit has a first state in which the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace flows into the first storage chamber, and a second state in which the carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace flows into the second storage chamber Switch, carbide manufacturing equipment. In the carbide production facility according to any one of claims 7 to 11,
A carbide production facility, further comprising: a cooling unit provided between the carbonization furnace and the housing portion, for cooling carbides discharged from the carbonization furnace.

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