JP6288063B2 - Dynamic observation method and dynamic observation apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dynamic observation method for observing a metal corrosion phenomenon in a harsh corrosive environment such as a corrosion test in a high-temperature and high-humidity corrosion tester or an outdoor exposure test. It is. The present invention also relates to a dynamic observation apparatus for performing the dynamic observation.

  In addition to mechanical strength, metal materials such as steel plates are required to have high corrosion resistance depending on the intended use and usage environment. When researching and developing such a metal material that requires high corrosion resistance, the corrosion resistance of the metal material is evaluated by conducting an accelerated test using a corrosion tester or an atmospheric exposure test.

  For example, a combined cycle corrosion test (CCT), which is a type of accelerated test using a corrosion tester, is performed as follows. First, a metal plate as a test piece is prepared from a metal material to be tested, and after surface treatment as necessary, it is installed in a testing machine. Next, the said metal plate is repeatedly exposed to the unit cycle which consists of several processes, such as provision of salt water (immersion or spraying), drying, and moistening. Thereby, the progress of corrosion can be accelerated compared to the actual environment, and the corrosion resistance of the metal material can be evaluated in a short period of time. Then, after repeating the above cycle in units of several hours or days, the corrosion resistance of the metal material is measured by measuring the corrosion depth in the metal plate or, if the test piece is a painted metal plate, the coating blister width, etc. Is evaluated. At the time of measurement, the test piece is taken out from the corrosion tester, and after the measurement is completed, it is placed in the corrosion tester again as necessary, and the test is continued.

  In particular, the observation of film swelling, which is a phenomenon caused by metal corrosion, is very important in evaluating the corrosion resistance of painted metal plates. And the method of measuring the swollen width of the coating film using a loupe or the like.

  Therefore, in recent years, a method using a TV camera has been proposed as a method for evaluating the state of the coating film after the corrosion test in more detail (Patent Document 1). In the method described in Patent Document 1, the surface of the coated steel sheet after the corrosion test is imaged with a TV camera, and the area of the occurrence area of the coating film defect and the coating film swelling is obtained individually based on the obtained luminance information. Yes.

JP-A-8-278118

  In the method described in Patent Document 1, the result of the corrosion test can be evaluated more quantitatively. However, the evaluation is only performed after removing the test piece from the corrosion tester after the corrosion test. there were.

  It is considered that the corrosion of the metal in the corrosion tester and the swelling of the coating film resulting from the corrosion proceed in a drying and wetting process in a state where salt water is applied. However, in the measurement performed by removing the test piece from the corrosion tester as described above, it is only possible to know the state after the corrosion has occurred, and it is difficult to obtain knowledge about the progress of the corrosion. . If it is possible to directly and dynamically observe the progress of metal corrosion phenomena such as film swelling, it is thought that the understanding of the mechanism of corrosion and film swelling will be further advanced. There was no example in which the progress of corrosion was dynamically observed.

  This is because it is difficult to operate the imaging device for a long time in an environment where a corrosion test is performed. The film bulge is an extremely small film bulge that occurs near a film defect. To observe this, an imaging device such as a microscope is placed close to the test piece, and the film bulge is very small. It is necessary to capture changes in However, the inside of the corrosion tester when the accelerated test is performed is repeatedly exposed to a dry atmosphere and a high-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere such as a temperature of 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 100% in addition to spraying of salt water and immersion in salt water. This is a very harsh environment. It is extremely difficult to operate the imaging apparatus for a long time under such an environment.

  There are similar problems in outdoor air exposure tests. In the atmospheric exposure test, the test specimens are not exposed to the artificial high-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere as in the accelerated test, but in addition to changes in weather such as sunshine, rain, snow, and wind, sulfur oxides in the atmosphere and flying sea It is also exposed to corrosion factors such as salt particles. Furthermore, unlike the accelerated test, the test period is extremely long, in units of years. For this reason, it is also difficult to dynamically observe the metal corrosion phenomenon in the atmospheric exposure test using an imaging device.

  Furthermore, in recent years, it has been desired to observe the progress of corrosion in the actual use environment of the metal that is a constituent member of a moving body such as an automobile. However, in this case as well, it is necessary to observe for a long time in the state exposed to the air or rainwater, so it can be said that it is difficult to dynamically observe the progress of corrosion.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, such as a metal corrosion phenomenon, in particular, a corrosion test in a high-temperature and high-humidity corrosion tester, an outdoor exposure test, a moving object in an actual use environment, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dynamic observation method and a dynamic observation apparatus for observing a metal corrosion phenomenon in a severe corrosive environment.

  As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found an optimal apparatus configuration for dynamically observing the metal corrosion phenomenon in a severe corrosive environment, and complete the present invention. It came to.

That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. An imaging device for observing an object;
A dynamic observation method for continuously observing a metal corrosion phenomenon using a dynamic observation device including a case in which the image pickup device is housed and at least a portion that enters the field of view of the image pickup device is transparent.

2. A dynamic observation device in which a protruding portion that protrudes toward the outside of the case is provided on a surface of the case facing the imaging device, and at least a part of the imaging device is accommodated in the protruding portion. 2. The dynamic observation method according to 1 above, wherein the corrosion phenomenon of the metal is continuously observed in a state where the influence on the object is reduced.

3. 3. The dynamic observation method according to 1 or 2, wherein imaging by the imaging device is intermittently performed at intervals of 1 second to 24 hours.

4). 4. The dynamic observation method according to any one of 1 to 3, wherein a wiper mechanism is provided outside the case, and deposits on the outer surface of the case are removed by the wiper mechanism.

5. Intermittent imaging by the imaging device,
5. The dynamic observation method according to 4, wherein the wiper mechanism is controlled to operate only when imaging by the imaging device is not performed.

6). 6. The dynamic observation method according to 5, wherein the wiper mechanism is controlled to operate 1 second to 1 minute before imaging by the imaging device.

7). The dynamic observation method according to any one of 1 to 6, wherein observation is performed in a state where the imaging device and the case are inclined.

8). The dynamic observation method according to any one of 1 to 7, wherein the inside of the case is dehumidified.

9. The dynamic observation method according to any one of 1 to 8, wherein a pressure inside the case is made higher than that outside the case.

10. The dynamic observation method according to any one of 1 to 9, wherein the object is installed in a corrosion tester.

11. The dynamic observation method according to any one of 1 to 9, wherein the object is installed in an exposure field.

12 The dynamic observation method according to any one of 1 to 9, wherein the object is a moving object.

13. The dynamic observation method according to any one of 1 to 12, wherein an image obtained by the imaging device is transmitted outside the case.

14 A dynamic observation device for continuously observing the corrosion phenomenon of metals,
An imaging device for observing an object;
A dynamic observation device comprising: a case in which the imaging device is housed and at least a portion that enters a field of view of the imaging device is transparent.

15. 15. The protrusion according to 14, wherein a protrusion that protrudes toward the outside of the case is provided on a surface of the case facing the imaging device, and at least a part of the imaging device is accommodated in the protrusion. Dynamic observation device.

16. The dynamic observation device according to 14 or 15, wherein a thickness of a portion of the case facing the imaging device is 10 mm or less.

17. The dynamic observation apparatus according to any one of 14 to 16, further comprising a control unit that performs control so that imaging by the imaging apparatus is intermittently performed at intervals of 1 second to 24 hours.

18. The dynamic observation device according to any one of 14 to 17, further comprising a wiper mechanism for removing a deposit on a surface of the outer side of the case that the imaging device faces.

19. Intermittently taking images by the imaging device at regular time intervals,
19. The dynamic observation apparatus according to 18, wherein the wiper mechanism includes a control unit that controls the wiper mechanism to operate only when imaging by the imaging apparatus is not performed.

20. 20. The dynamic observation device according to 19, wherein the wiper mechanism includes a control unit that controls the wiper mechanism to operate 1 second to 1 minute before the image pickup by the image pickup device is performed.

21. The dynamic observation apparatus according to any one of 14 to 20, further comprising a dehumidifying unit for dehumidifying the inside of the case.

22. The dynamic observation device according to any one of 14 to 21, further comprising a pressurizing unit for making the pressure inside the case higher than that outside the case.

23. The dynamic observation device according to any one of 14 to 22, further comprising a tilting unit that tilts the imaging device and the case.

24. The dynamic observation device according to any one of 14 to 23, further comprising a distance adjustment unit for adjusting a distance between the imaging device and the object.

25. 25. The dynamic observation apparatus according to any one of 14 to 24, further comprising a position adjustment unit for adjusting an observation position on the surface of the object in at least one of an up-down direction and a left-right direction.

26. The dynamic observation device according to any one of 14 to 25, further including a transmission device that transmits an image obtained by the imaging device to the outside of the case.

  According to the present invention, a metal corrosion phenomenon, particularly a corrosion test in a high-temperature and high-humidity corrosion tester, an outdoor exposure test, and a moving object in an actual use environment can be used. It can be observed continuously. The observation results obtained by the present invention are extremely useful for elucidating the mechanism of metal corrosion and the resulting blistering.

It is the front schematic diagram of the dynamic observation apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the upper surface schematic diagram of the dynamic observation apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the front schematic of the dynamic observation apparatus in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the upper surface schematic diagram of the dynamic observation apparatus in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the front schematic of the dynamic observation apparatus in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is the upper surface schematic diagram of the dynamic observation apparatus in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. In the dynamic observation apparatus of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, it is a front schematic diagram which shows the state which inclined the microscope camera and the case. It is a flowchart of a combined cycle test. It is the photograph of the film swelling which was image | photographed within the combined cycle test machine with the dynamic observation apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the time-dependent change of the coating film swelling width | variety in a combined cycle test.

Next, a method for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described.
In the present invention, using a dynamic observation device comprising an imaging device for observing an object and a case that houses the imaging device inside and at least a portion that enters the field of view of the imaging device is transparent. It is important to continuously observe the corrosion phenomenon of metals. Since the imaging device is accommodated in the case, it is possible to prevent malfunction, corrosion, and breakage of the imaging device due to an external corrosive environment, and the imaging device can be stably operated over a long period of time.

[Imaging device]
The type of the imaging apparatus is not particularly limited, and any apparatus can be used as long as it can observe the corrosion state of the metal that is the object. From the viewpoint of observing fine corroded portions and coating film swelling in detail, it is preferable to use a microscope camera equipped with a CCD or CMOS sensor. In addition, an infrared camera may be used depending on the type of object and usage conditions. When using a fiberscope camera such as an industrial endoscope as an imaging device, one end of the fiber to which the objective lens is attached is housed in the case, and the other end of the fiber to which the camera or the like is attached Can also be installed outside the case.

  The number of the imaging devices is not particularly limited, and may be one, but may be a plurality. When using a plurality of imaging devices, they may be the same type or different types. When a plurality of imaging devices are used, the same position may be observed by each imaging device, but different positions can be observed or the same position can be observed from different angles.

  The imaging device preferably includes an illumination device for irradiating light on the surface of the object. By using an imaging device including an illumination device, it is possible to stably observe regardless of the brightness of the environment where the object is placed. It is preferable to use a light emitting diode (LED) that is small and has a long life as the lighting device. In addition, when the brightness of the illumination unit of the imaging device is not sufficient or when the imaging device does not include the illumination device, a separate illumination device can be provided in the case.

  The dynamic observation by the imaging device may be performed by either moving image shooting or still image shooting. When shooting a moving image, the moving image can be shot and recorded throughout the entire observation period, but can also be shot intermittently at a predetermined interval. Further, from the viewpoint of performing observation over a long period of time, it is preferable to perform recording with a still image in order to reduce the data capacity. In that case, interval shooting (slow-speed shooting) can be performed in which still images are recorded at predetermined intervals. When performing interval shooting, it is preferable to intermittently perform imaging at intervals of 1 second to 24 hours. By setting the imaging interval to 1 second or longer, it is possible to prevent an excessive number of images from being obtained, and to suppress the data amount. On the other hand, when the imaging interval is set to 24 hours or less, it becomes easy to catch the temporal change of corrosion. The imaging interval is more preferably 1 minute to 6 hours, and further preferably 1 minute to 3 hours.

[Case]
The case accommodates the imaging device therein and at least a portion that enters the field of view of the imaging device is transparent. This is because the surface of the object is observed by the imaging device through the transparent part (transparent part). Therefore, the imaging device is installed so that the object-side tip faces the transparent portion. In other words, among the members constituting the case, at least a portion located in the field of view of the imaging device between the imaging device and the object is made of a transparent material. As the material of the transparent portion, any material can be used as long as it is a material that transmits light and can be observed by an imaging device, such as a resin such as transparent vinyl chloride or acrylic, or glass. In view of processability and transparency, it is preferable to use an acrylic resin.

  The case only needs to be transparent in the field of view of the imaging device as described above, and the other portions may be transparent or opaque. Therefore, only the portion of the case wall surface facing the imaging device can be a window-shaped transparent portion, but the entire device surface facing the object of the case wall surface can be made transparent to simplify the device structure. This is preferable because it is possible. Further, it is preferable to make the entire case transparent because the state in the case can be confirmed from the outside.

  In the dynamic observation method of the present invention, the dynamic observation apparatus is installed so that the imaging apparatus accommodated in the case faces the surface of a metal member or the like to be observed. In that case, it is necessary to prevent the dynamic observation apparatus from directly contacting a portion where the corrosion of the surface of the object is observed. When the surface of the object is covered with the dynamic observation device, the portion does not come into contact with the surrounding atmosphere, so that corrosion is suppressed, and as a result, observation of the corrosion state is hindered. In order to prevent this, the dynamic observation apparatus is installed at a certain distance from the surface of the object. The distance is not particularly limited, and may be set as appropriate according to the focal length of the imaging device.

[Projection]
In the present invention, the surface of the case facing the imaging device is provided with a protruding portion that protrudes toward the outside of the case, and at least a part of the imaging device is accommodated in the protruding portion. It is preferable. If the protrusion is provided in this way and at least the object side of the imaging device is accommodated in the protrusion, only the protrusion of the surface of the case on the object side is brought close to the object for observation. It becomes possible to carry out, and parts other than a protrusion part can be kept away from a target object relatively. Thereby, the area of the target object covered with a case can be made small, and the influence which a dynamic observation apparatus has on the progress of corrosion of a target object can be reduced.

  The shape of the protrusion is not particularly limited, and can be an arbitrary shape. For example, a rectangular columnar or cylindrical protrusion can be provided on one side of the case, and the tip of the imaging device can be accommodated therein. In addition, the entire side of the case is tapered so that it protrudes in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid or cone, and the apex of the quadrangular pyramid or cone is flat so that it is parallel to the surface of the object. It can also be projected in the shape of a truncated cone.

[Thickness of the part facing the imaging device]
Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the thickness of the part which the imaging device opposes the said case shall be 10 mm or less. By thinning the portion facing the imaging device, the imaging device accommodated in the case can be brought closer to the surface of the object, and the corrosion state can be observed in more detail. Furthermore, the influence of the dynamic observation apparatus of the present invention on the progress of corrosion of the object can be reduced by moving the outer surface of the case away from the surface of the object. In addition, only the part which an imaging device opposes can be 10 mm or less in thickness, the thickness of another part can also be over 10 mm, and the thickness of another part can also be 10 mm or less. Moreover, when providing a protrusion part as mentioned above, what is necessary is just to set the thickness of the part which the imaging device of this protrusion part opposes to 10 mm or less.

[Wiper mechanism]
Furthermore, in the present invention, it is preferable to provide a wiper mechanism on the outside of the case, and to remove deposits on the outer surface of the case by the wiper mechanism. When the dynamic observation method of the present invention is applied to a test piece in a corrosion tester, the dynamic observation apparatus is exposed to an environment such as salt water and high temperature and high humidity. As a result, salt water or water droplets condensed due to a temperature difference between the inside and outside of the case may adhere to the outer surface of the case, thereby obstructing observation. In the atmospheric exposure test and observation on a moving object, rainwater, water droplets condensed from atmospheric moisture, contaminants contained in the air or rainwater, mud, dust, etc. may adhere to the case surface. Therefore, by providing a wiper mechanism as described above and removing deposits such as water droplets and dirt adhering to the outer surface of the case, particularly within the field of view of the imaging device, it becomes clearer over a long period of time in any environment. The corrosion state of the metal can be observed.

  In addition, the structure of the said wiper mechanism is not specifically limited, It can be made into arbitrary things. Specifically, it is possible to have a structure in which one or two or more wiper blades are repeatedly reciprocated while pressed against the outer surface of the case. For example, the wiper blade is fixed at one point, and that one point is a fulcrum. A wiper mechanism that swings so as to draw an arc-shaped locus can be used. Further, if the wiper mechanism that reciprocates the wiper blade repeatedly in parallel is not required to be provided at a position apart from the fulcrum, unlike the wiper mechanism that swings in an arc shape, the wiper mechanism can be further downsized. Therefore, it is preferable.

  The material of the wiper blade is not particularly limited, and any material can be used as long as it can remove deposits on the outer surface of the case, but it is preferably made of rubber. Further, although the material of the member that supports and drives the wiper blade is not limited, it is preferably made of a resin from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance and workability, and more preferably a glass fiber reinforced resin excellent in dimensional stability. preferable. The wiper can be driven by an arbitrary drive device such as a motor or an air cylinder.

  When using a wiper mechanism, it is preferable to control the wiper mechanism to operate only when observation by the imaging device is not performed. If the wiper blade crosses the field of view of the image pickup device while the image pickup device is being observed, observation of the object is hindered. As described above, it is possible to prevent the wiper blade from obstructing the observation by controlling both so that the operation timing of the wiper mechanism does not overlap with the imaging timing of the imaging device. For example, the wiper mechanism may be operated only between shootings, or the wiper mechanism may be operated only immediately before each shooting. Specifically, in the case where imaging is performed intermittently as in interval shooting, it is preferable to control the wiper mechanism to operate only when imaging by the imaging device is not performed. Further, if the wiper mechanism is controlled so as to operate 1 second to 1 minute before the image pickup by the image pickup device is performed, observation can be performed in a state where the contaminants attached to the outer surface of the case are reliably removed. Therefore, it is more preferable.

[Inclination means]
In one embodiment of the present invention, observation can be performed with the imaging device and the case tilted. For example, when performing an accelerated test using a corrosion tester or an atmospheric exposure test, various angles determined by the test method, such as vertical (90 °), 45 °, 30 °, horizontal (0 °), etc. The test is performed with the object installed. At that time, if the observation is performed with the imaging device and the case tilted so that the imaging direction is perpendicular to the observation surface of the object, the observation surface of the object is not affected by the test method. Can be observed from the front. On the other hand, if observation is performed with the imaging device and the case tilted so that the imaging direction is oblique with respect to the surface to be observed of the object, the corrosion phenomenon occurs from a different viewpoint from the front. It can also be observed. Here, the “tilted state” means a state tilted with respect to a horizontal plane.

  A method of performing observation in a state where the imaging device and the case are tilted is not particularly limited, but the dynamic observation device preferably includes a tilting unit that tilts the imaging device and the case. As the tilting means, for example, it is possible to use a support base that supports and fixes a case in which the imaging device is housed in a tilted state at a predetermined angle. The tilting means is preferably adjustable in tilt angle. For example, the tilting means can be fixed at an arbitrary angle between 0 ° (horizontal) and 90 ° (vertical). It can be fixed at a predetermined angle such as 30 °, 45 °, 90 °, etc. set in a stepwise manner.

When the image pickup apparatus and the case are tilted as described above, it is preferable that the image pickup apparatus is fixed in the case using a bolt or a fixing plate so that the position of the image pickup apparatus does not change even when the case is tilted.

[Distance adjustment means]
The dynamic observation device of the present invention preferably includes a distance adjusting unit for adjusting the distance between the imaging device and the object. By providing the distance adjusting means, it is possible to adjust the focal position and observation range of the imaging apparatus. The distance adjusting means may be any means that can move at least one of the object and the imaging device. As the distance adjusting means, any means can be used as long as it can adjust the distance between the imaging device and the object, but the case is not moved, and the imaging accommodated in the case is accommodated. It is preferable that the apparatus can be moved in the front-rear direction with respect to the object. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the case and the wiper from interfering with the object by moving the case. Further, when the dynamic observation apparatus itself has a structure that supports the object, the distance may be adjusted by moving the object.

  As the distance adjusting means, it is preferable to use a mechanism capable of adjusting the distance by rotating a ball screw or the like. More preferably, the distance adjusting means includes an operation portion such as a knob for rotating a ball screw outside the case so that the distance can be adjusted from the outside of the case.

[Position adjustment means]
The dynamic observation apparatus of the present invention preferably includes a position adjusting means for adjusting the observation position on the surface of the object in at least one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. By providing the position adjusting means, it is possible to observe an arbitrary position of the object. The position adjusting means is preferably adjustable in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Further, the position adjusting means may be any means that can move at least one of the object and the imaging device. Here, the up and down direction and the left and right direction are directions in a plane parallel to the surface to be observed when viewed toward the surface to be observed of the object, and the object is arranged so that the surface to be observed is vertical. The vertical direction when installed is the vertical direction.

  When the position adjusting means moves the image pickup apparatus, only the image pickup apparatus may be moved, but the case where the image pickup apparatus is accommodated may be moved. As the position adjusting means, for example, a mechanism that can adjust the distance by rotating a ball screw or the like can be used. In that case, it is more preferable to provide a ball screw for adjusting the position in the vertical direction and a ball screw for adjusting the position in the horizontal direction so that the positions in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction can be adjusted independently.

[Dehumidification]
In the present invention, it is preferable to dehumidify the inside of the case. Since the dynamic observation apparatus of the present invention is exposed to various environments such as a high humidity atmosphere such as a relative humidity of 100% in an accelerated test and rain and snow in an air exposure test, the imaging apparatus is housed in a case for protection. ing. However, if moisture such as water vapor enters the case for some reason, it may cause condensation on the optical components of the image pickup device or the inner surface of the case, thereby hindering observation, and may cause a failure of the image pickup device. Therefore, by dehumidifying the inside of the case, it is possible to suppress the influence of such moisture intrusion. In order to obtain a sufficient dehumidifying effect, the relative humidity in the case is preferably 80% or less, and more preferably 70% or less.

  In order to perform the dehumidification, the dynamic observation apparatus is provided with a dehumidifying means. The dehumidifying means may be provided either inside or outside the case as long as it can dehumidify the inside of the case. Specifically, dehumidification can be performed using any method such as a method of installing a dehumidifying agent or a dehumidifying device in the case, or a method of supplying dry air from the outside of the case into the case. Among these, from the viewpoint of performing dehumidification stably over a long period of time, it is preferable to use a dry air supply device for supplying dry air from outside the case into the case as the dehumidifying means. The dry air can be generated by dehumidifying the air. Although any dehumidifying device can be used for the dehumidification, it is preferable to use a hollow fiber membrane type (membrane type) air dryer from the viewpoint of cost. The generated dry air is sent into the case using an air supply device such as a compressor or a pump provided outside the case. In this case, the air supply device can also serve as a pressurizing unit described later.

  When dry air is supplied from outside the case into the case, an exhaust port for exhausting the supplied air from the inside of the case to the outside of the case is provided at an arbitrary position of the case. From the exhaust port, it can be directly exhausted to the outside of the case, but in order to prevent the environment around the object from being disturbed by the exhaust, it is removed from the object via a tube connected to the exhaust port. It is preferable to exhaust to a remote position. The exhaust port may be provided with a check valve for preventing intrusion of air and moisture from the outside of the case, if necessary.

[Pressure]
In the present invention, it is preferable that the pressure inside the case is higher than that outside the case. As described above, when moisture enters the case, problems such as condensation occur. In addition, corrosive substances or high-temperature air entering the case from the outside of the case may cause an abnormality in the imaging apparatus. Therefore, by making the inside of the case positive, it is possible to prevent moisture, corrosive substances, high-temperature air, and the like from entering the case from the outside.

  In order to make the pressure inside the case higher than the outside of the case, the dynamic observation device is provided with a pressurizing unit. The method for applying pressure is not particularly limited. For example, by supplying air into the case using an air supply device such as a compressor or a pump provided outside the case, the inside of the case can be made higher than the outside. . In that case, an exhaust port for exhausting the supplied air from the inside of the case to the outside of the case is provided at an arbitrary position of the case. From the exhaust port, it can be directly exhausted to the outside of the case, but in order to prevent the environment around the object from being disturbed by the exhaust, it is removed from the object via a tube connected to the exhaust port. It is preferable to exhaust to a remote position. The exhaust port may be provided with a check valve for preventing intrusion of air and moisture from the outside of the case, if necessary.

  The pressure in the case at the time of pressurization can be controlled by adjusting the air supply means and the exhaust port. Further, a pressure in the case can be controlled by providing a valve at the exhaust port and adjusting the opening.

  In addition, when using an air supply means as the said pressurization part, it is preferable that this air supply means serves as the air supply means of a dehumidification means. Thereby, dehumidification and pressurization can be performed by one air supply means, and the apparatus structure can be simplified.

  In addition, when an air supply unit is used for one or both of the dehumidifying unit and the pressurizing unit, it is more preferable to provide a temperature adjusting unit for adjusting the temperature of the air supplied from the air supply unit into the case. . A temperature control unit is provided in the middle of the piping for supplying air into the case, and the air is heated and cooled as necessary to supply the air at a constant temperature. It is possible to perform observation with an imaging apparatus stably without receiving. Note that the temperature of the air supplied into the case at that time may be determined according to the specifications of the imaging device to be used, but it is generally preferable that the temperature be 60 ° C. or lower.

[Object]
The dynamic observation apparatus of the present invention is for observing a corrosion phenomenon of a metal, and can be any object that is at least partially made of metal. When used in an accelerated test or an atmospheric exposure test, it is common to use a plate-like object (test piece), but the shape of the object is not limited to this, and can be any shape. For example, moving objects such as automobiles and railway vehicles, machines, structures, buildings, and the like can be set as observation targets. Further, the metal to be observed may be a metal coated on the surface of another member regardless of the material, for example, a plating film, a thermal spray coating, or the like. Further, the surface of the metal may be subjected to surface treatment such as chemical conversion treatment or painting.

  In the dynamic observation method of the present invention, an object installed in the corrosion tester can be observed. When observing corrosion during an accelerated test by a corrosion tester, a dynamic observation device is installed in the corrosion tester together with a test piece. At that time, the test piece and the dynamic observation device may be individually installed in the corrosion tester, but the test piece fixing portion for fixing the test piece and the dynamic observation device fixing portion for fixing the dynamic observation device. After fixing both the test piece and the dynamic observation device to the fixing pedestal provided with the fixing pedestal, if the whole fixing pedestal is installed in the corrosion tester, the positional relationship such as the angle and distance between the test piece and the imaging device can be easily obtained. This is preferable because it can be adjusted.

  The dynamic observation method of the present invention can also be applied to observation of corrosion in an atmospheric exposure test. In that case, a dynamic observation device is installed in the exposure field and observation is performed. For example, a test piece may be installed on an exposure platform provided in the exposure field, and the dynamic observation device may be installed close to the surface of the test piece. At that time, the dynamic observation apparatus may be directly fixed to the sample piece, or may be fixed using an exposure stand or other members.

  In the dynamic observation method of the present invention, a moving object can be used as an object. The mobile body to which the present invention can be applied is not particularly limited, and for example, any mobile body such as an automobile, a railway vehicle, a bicycle, a motorcycle, a ship, and an aircraft can be used as an object. When observing corrosion in the moving body, the dynamic observation apparatus of the present invention may be installed so as to face the surface of the metal member constituting the moving body, and the fixing method is not particularly limited.

[Send video]
In the dynamic observation method of the present invention, it is preferable to transmit an image obtained by the imaging device outside the case. By transmitting the image outside the case, it is possible to observe the corrosion state of the metal at a position away from the object. The transmission method is not particularly limited, and any method can be used regardless of wired or wireless.

  For example, even when observing corrosion in a corrosive environment such as the inside of a corrosion tester, sending images to the outside of the case using a cable or wireless LAN makes it possible to create a safe environment such as the outside of the corrosion tester. The video can be received and observed or recorded by an installed computer or the like. In the case of transmitting a wired image using a cable, the cable can be used for controlling the imaging device and supplying power to the imaging device.

  In addition, when a dynamic observation device is installed in an exposure field that exists in a remote place, images can be transmitted via a telephone line or the Internet directly from the imaging device or using a transmission device connected to the imaging device. It can also be sent. As a result, it is possible to observe and record the status of an exposure test conducted over a long period of time in a remote place in real time at a remote place.

  When the object is a moving body such as an automobile, an image obtained by the imaging device can be transmitted using a wireless transmission device. The wireless transmission device may be built in the imaging device, or may be installed in the case or in another place outside the case while being connected to the imaging device. As a result, it is possible to receive an image transmitted from the wireless transmission device at an arbitrary place away from the moving body and observe and record the corrosion state.

  Note that a recording unit may be provided in the case, and the video may be recorded by the recording unit. In this case, it is not necessary to transmit the video obtained by the imaging device to the outside of the case, and after observing for a certain period, the video data recorded in the recording unit may be collected. The recording unit may be built in the imaging apparatus or may be provided separately from the imaging apparatus, and any recording medium can be used for recording.

<First Embodiment>
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a dynamic observation apparatus used in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the dynamic observation apparatus used in the first embodiment. The dynamic observation apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a microscope camera 10 as an imaging apparatus, and the microscope camera 10 is accommodated in a case 20.

  The case 20 is a rectangular parallelepiped box, and is configured by fixing the second case member 22 to the upper portion of the first case member 21 using a cap bolt 23. An O-ring 24 is disposed on the contact surface between the first case member 21 and the second case member to ensure the airtightness of the case 20. Both the first case member 21 and the second case member 22 are made of a colorless and transparent acrylic resin. Therefore, the object outside the case can be observed with the microscope camera 10 installed in the case, and the state in the case can be easily confirmed from the outside.

  The microscope camera 10 is fixed by a fixing member (not shown) so that the front end (objective lens side) of the camera is brought close to one side surface of the case 20. Further, a cable 11 is connected to the microscope camera 10. The cable 11 extends through the wall surface of the case 20 to the outside of the case, and is connected to a control device installed outside the case. Supply of power to the microscope camera 10 and transmission of images taken by the microscope camera 10 to the control device are performed via the cable 11. A portion where the cable 11 penetrates the case 20 is sealed with a rubber member in order to ensure airtightness.

  A wiper mechanism 30 is provided outside the case 20 to remove water droplets and dirt attached to the outer surface of the case. The structure of the wiper mechanism is not shown in the figure, but is as follows. The wiper mechanism 30 has a wiper blade and a driving device. The wiper blade is movably held by a holding member while being pressed against the case wall surface with a certain pressure. The drive device includes an air cylinder, and the wiper blade is configured to repeatedly reciprocate by the air cylinder while being pressed against the wall surface of the case. The air cylinder is driven by air sent by a compressor described later, and its operation is performed by controlling a valve by a control device.

  A compressor 40 is further provided outside the case 20, and the compressor 40 is connected to an air supply port 42 provided on the wall surface of the case 20 by an air supply tube 41. The air from the compressor 40 is supplied to the case after the pressure is adjusted by a regulator (not shown) provided in the middle of the air supply tube 41. Thereby, the pressure in case 20 can be made higher than the case exterior. The air supply tube 41 may further be provided with a flow rate adjusting valve. The case 20 is provided with an exhaust port 43 for exhausting the supplied air to the outside of the case, and an exhaust tube 44 is further connected to the exhaust port 43. The exhaust tube 44 extends to a position away from the case 20 and the object, thereby preventing the atmosphere around the object from being disturbed by the exhaust and changing the corrosion state.

  A hollow fiber membrane type air dryer 45 is provided in the middle of the air supply tube 41 to dehumidify the air. By supplying the air dehumidified by the hollow fiber membrane air dryer 45, the humidity in the case 20 can be kept low.

  The air supply tube 41 is branched and connected to the wiper mechanism 30, and the air supplied through the air supply tube 41 is also used to drive the air cylinder of the wiper mechanism 30.

  The dynamic observation apparatus 1 configured as described above is installed in front of an object to perform observation. At that time, the dynamic observation device 1 is arranged so that a desired part of the surface of the object is within the field of view of the microscope camera 10 that is an imaging device and the surface of the object of the microscope camera 10 is in focus. The installation position is determined.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, a description will be given of a second embodiment in which a protruding portion that protrudes toward the outside of the case is provided on the surface of the case facing the imaging device. FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the dynamic observation apparatus 2 used in the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the dynamic observation apparatus 2 used in the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, points other than those described below are the same as those in the first embodiment. In addition, the same reference numerals as those used in the first embodiment are assigned to those common to the first embodiment.

  In the figure, reference numeral 50 denotes a cylindrical protrusion, and the cylindrical protrusion 50 is provided at substantially the center of one side surface of the case 20. The microscope camera 10 has a tip (objective lens side) housed inside the cylindrical protrusion 50. The thickness of the cylindrical protrusion 50 (the height of the cylinder) was 20 mm in outer dimensions. By providing the protrusions in this manner, the area of the portion that is brought close to the object can be reduced. As a result, the influence of the object due to the presence of the dynamic observation device can be reduced.

  Moreover, the front-end | tip part of the cylindrical protrusion part 50, ie, the surface which opposes a target object, was made into the thin part 51 of thickness 5mm. Thus, by reducing the thickness of the portion of the case located between the object and the imaging device, the imaging device can be installed closer to the object. The thickness of the case 20 other than the thin portion 51 was set to be thicker than the thin portion 51 from the viewpoint of strength and workability.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment in which the dynamic observation apparatus includes a tilting unit, a distance adjusting unit, and a position adjusting unit will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the dynamic observation device 3 according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the dynamic observation device 3. In FIGS. 5 and 6 and FIG. 7 described later, the structure of the case 20 and the like is partially simplified. The third embodiment is the same as the second embodiment except for the points described below. In addition, the same reference numerals as those in the first and second embodiments are assigned to those common to the first and second embodiments.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the inclined plate 70 is supported on the support structure 60, and the case 20 containing the microscope camera 10 is fixed on the inclined plate 70. Further, an object fixing structure 81 for fixing the object 80 is provided at a position facing the microscope camera 10 so as to be close to the cylindrical protrusion 50 of the case 20. 5 and 6, the plate-like object 80 is installed vertically, and is installed so that the imaging direction of the microscope camera 10 is perpendicular to the observation surface of the object 80.

  The microscope camera 10 can be moved in the front-rear direction indicated by the arrow A, that is, the direction approaching the object 80 and the direction away from the object 80 by a distance adjusting means (not shown), and is fixed at an arbitrary position. Is possible. The operation unit for driving the position adjusting means is installed outside the case 20, and can adjust the position of the microscope camera 10 back and forth while the microscope camera 10 is housed in the case 20. .

  Further, the case 20 can be moved independently in a vertical direction (FIG. 5) indicated by an arrow B and a horizontal direction (FIG. 6) indicated by an arrow C by position adjusting means (not shown). Here, the vertical direction indicated by the arrow B is a direction parallel to the surface to be observed of the object 80 and perpendicular to the inclined plate 70, and is perpendicular to the support structure 60 in the state shown in FIG. 5. Direction. The left-right direction indicated by the arrow C is a direction parallel to the surface to be observed of the object 80 and parallel to the inclined plate 70.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic front view showing a state in which the microscope camera 10 and the case 20 are tilted in the dynamic observation apparatus 3 of the third embodiment. In this embodiment, since the case 20 is fixed on the inclined plate 70, the case 20 can be inclined by fixing the inclined plate 70 in an inclined state as shown in the figure. Here, the inclined plate 70 is connected at an intersection 73 with the support structure 60 so as to be freely inclined in the direction of the arrow D. The inclined plate 70 is held in an inclined state by being inclined with the intersection 73 as a fulcrum and being fixed to the angle fixing plate 71 with a screw 72. The angle fixing plate 71 is provided with a plurality of screw holes (not shown) and is movable in the direction of arrow E. By moving the angle fixing plate 71 in the direction of arrow E, the inclined plate 70 is moved. It can be fixed at a desired angle. Although the inclination angle θ is 45 ° in FIG. 7, it can be set to a desired angle from 0 ° (horizontal) to 90 ° (vertical), so dynamic observation in a corrosion test under a wide range of conditions. It can be performed.

  In the present embodiment, the object fixing structure 81 for fixing the object 80 is also fixed on the inclined plate 70. Therefore, when the inclined plate 70 is inclined, the object 80 is also inclined. Therefore, when the tilt plate 70 is tilted so that the angle of the object 80 is the angle determined by the test method adopted when performing the corrosion test, the microscope camera 10 and the case 20 are also tilted at the same angle. Therefore, observation can always be performed in a direction perpendicular to the object 80, that is, from the front.

  Next, the present invention will be specifically described based on examples. The following examples show preferred examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples. Modifications can be made within the scope that can meet the spirit of the present invention, and such embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  A combined cycle test was carried out using a corrosion tester, and the corrosion state of the test piece at that time was observed using the dynamic observation apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. As a sample, a coated steel sheet obtained by subjecting the surface of the cold rolled steel sheet to chemical conversion treatment and electrodeposition coating was used. A test piece having a width of 70 mm and a length of 150 mm was cut out from the cold-rolled steel sheet, subjected to chemical conversion treatment and electrodeposition coating, and then a cut scratch having a length of 80 mm was applied to the center of the surface with a cutter knife, and then into the corrosion tester. I set it.

  The dynamic observation apparatus was installed in the testing machine so that the surface of the test piece could be observed. By supplying air from the outside of the corrosion tester into the case of the dynamic observation apparatus using a compressor, the inside of the case was maintained at room temperature and the pressure in the case was set to atmospheric pressure or higher. Further, since the air is dehumidified by a hollow fiber membrane air dryer and then supplied into the case, the inside of the case is kept dry.

The combined cycle test was performed under conditions based on SAEJ2334. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, after the test piece was held in a humid environment (i) 100% relative humidity and 50 ° C. for 6 hours, (ii) salt water (0.5 mass% NaCl + 0.1 mass% CaCl ₂ +0.075 wt% NaHCO ₃ ) for 15 minutes, and then (iii) a series of cycles (i) to (iii) that are held in a dry environment at 50% relative humidity and 60 ° C. for 17 hours 45 minutes on weekdays A cycle in which a series of cycles (i) to (iv) are carried out for 5 days, followed by (iv) following the above (iii) and (iv) in a dry environment at a relative humidity of 50% and a temperature of 60 ° C. for 48 hours. It is.

  Observation by the dynamic observation apparatus was performed by performing interval photographing at an interval of 60 seconds. As a result of the observation, it was possible to continuously observe how the coating film swells from the cut scratches given to the test piece and the coating film swells with time.

  FIG. 9 is a photograph of the surface of the test piece taken 18 hours after the start of the salt water test. FIG. 10 shows the measurement results of the film swelling width every 3 hours during a cycle consisting of (ii) salt water immersion, (iii) drying, and (i) wetting. The horizontal axis of FIG. 10 shows the elapsed time (h) from the start of the corrosion test, and the vertical axis shows the film swelling width (mm). Thus, by using the dynamic observation apparatus of the present invention, it was possible to capture the change with time of the film swelling width during the accelerated test in the corrosion tester. Here, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 9, the coating film swelling width was the distance from the cut flaw to the tip of the coating film swelling.

  From the results shown in FIG. 10, it was found that the swollen width of the coating film does not increase monotonously but significantly increases in the (iii) drying process. Also, in the step (iii), it can be seen that the swollen width of the coating film hardly changes for several hours after completion of the (i) salt water immersion.

  In the above examples, the dynamic observation method of the present invention was applied to a combined cycle test carried out in an extremely severe corrosive environment. However, a salt spray test, an atmospheric exposure test, a moving object in an actual use environment, etc. Needless to say, it can be used to observe the corrosion phenomenon of metals in other environments.

1-3: Dynamic observation apparatus 10: Microscope camera (imaging apparatus)
11: Cable 20: Case 21: First case member 22: Second case member 23: Cap bolt 24: O-ring 30: Wiper mechanism 40: Compressor 41: Air supply tube 42: Air supply port 43: Exhaust port 44: Exhaust tube 45: Hollow fiber membrane air dryer 50: Cylindrical protrusion 51: Thin portion 60: Support structure 70: Inclined plate 71: Angle fixing plate 72: Screw 73: Support point 80: Object 81: Object fixed Structure

Claims (24)

An imaging device for observing an object;
Using the dynamic observation device that includes the case in which the imaging device is housed and at least a portion that enters the field of view of the imaging device is transparent,
A dynamic observation in which a protruding portion of a case protruding toward the outside of the case is provided on the surface of the case facing the imaging device, and at least a part of the imaging device is accommodated in the protruding portion. A dynamic observation method in which a metal corrosion phenomenon is continuously observed using an apparatus in a state where the influence on the object is reduced . The dynamic observation method according to claim 1, wherein imaging by the imaging device is intermittently performed at intervals of 1 second to 24 hours. The wiper mechanism is provided on the outside of the case, to remove deposits to said casing outer surface by the wiper mechanism, the dynamic observation method according to claim 1 or 2. Intermittent imaging by the imaging device,
The dynamic observation method according to claim 3 , wherein the wiper mechanism is controlled to operate only when imaging by the imaging device is not performed. The dynamic observation method according to claim 4 , wherein the wiper mechanism is controlled to operate 1 second to 1 minute before imaging by the imaging device. To observe in a state of being inclined to the imaging device and the case, the dynamic observation method according to any one of claims 1-5. The dynamic observation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the inside of the case is dehumidified. The higher than the case outside the pressure inside the case, the dynamic observation method according to any one of claims 1-7. The object is placed on board corrosion test, the dynamic observation method according to any one of claims 1-8. The dynamic observation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the object is installed in an outdoor exposure field and an air exposure test is performed . The object Ri mobile der,
The moving body is an automobile, railway vehicle, a bicycle, motorcycle, ship or aircraft, the dynamic observation method according to any one of claims 1-8. Transmits the images obtained by the imaging device to the outside of the case, the dynamic observation method according to any one of claims 1 to 11. A dynamic observation device for continuously observing the corrosion phenomenon of metals,
An imaging device for observing an object;
A case in which the imaging device is housed inside and at least a portion that enters the field of view of the imaging device is transparent ;
A surface of the case facing the imaging device is provided with a protruding portion of the case protruding toward the outside of the case, and at least a part of the imaging device is accommodated in the protruding portion. Observation device. The dynamic observation apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein a thickness of a portion of the case facing the imaging apparatus is 10 mm or less. The dynamic observation apparatus according to claim 13 , further comprising a control unit that performs control so that imaging by the imaging apparatus is intermittently performed at intervals of 1 second to 24 hours. The dynamic observation apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 15 , further comprising a wiper mechanism for removing a deposit on a surface of the outer side of the case that the imaging apparatus faces. Intermittently taking images by the imaging device at regular time intervals,
The dynamic observation apparatus according to claim 16 , further comprising a control unit that controls the wiper mechanism to operate only when imaging by the imaging apparatus is not performed. The dynamic observation apparatus according to claim 17 , further comprising a control unit configured to control the wiper mechanism to operate 1 second to 1 minute before imaging by the imaging apparatus. The dynamic observation apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 18 , further comprising a dehumidifying means for dehumidifying the inside of the case. The dynamic observation apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 19 , further comprising a pressurizing unit for making the pressure inside the case higher than that outside the case. The dynamic observation apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 20 , further comprising a tilting unit that tilts the imaging device and the case. The dynamic observation device according to any one of claims 13 to 21 , further comprising a distance adjusting unit for adjusting a distance between the imaging device and the object. The dynamic observation apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 22 , further comprising position adjustment means for adjusting an observation position on the surface of the object in at least one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction. The dynamic observation device according to any one of claims 13 to 23 , further comprising a transmission device that transmits an image obtained by the imaging device to the outside of the case.