JP6286330B2 - Elevator and emergency stop device provided therefor - Google Patents
Elevator and emergency stop device provided therefor Download PDFInfo
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- JP6286330B2 JP6286330B2 JP2014194081A JP2014194081A JP6286330B2 JP 6286330 B2 JP6286330 B2 JP 6286330B2 JP 2014194081 A JP2014194081 A JP 2014194081A JP 2014194081 A JP2014194081 A JP 2014194081A JP 6286330 B2 JP6286330 B2 JP 6286330B2
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Description
本発明は、エレベータと、これに備えられる非常止め装置とに関するものである。 The present invention relates to an elevator and an emergency stop device provided in the elevator.
エレベータには、昇降体が規定値以上の高速で走行した場合に、これを検知して昇降体を適切な減速度で停止させる非常止め装置が従来備えられている。また、この種の非常止め装置としては、例えば乗客のいたずら加振、重量物の乗降、発進時及び停止時の衝撃等により発生する昇降体の不正な揺れに起因する誤動作を防止するための、誤動作防止機構を備えたものが従来知られている（特許文献１の特許請求の範囲及び図面参照。）。 An elevator has conventionally been equipped with an emergency stop device that detects when the lifting body travels at a speed higher than a specified value and stops the lifting body at an appropriate deceleration. In addition, as an emergency stop device of this type, for example, to prevent malfunction due to improper shaking of the lifting body caused by mischievous vibration of passengers, getting on and off heavy objects, impact at start and stop, etc. A device having a malfunction prevention mechanism is conventionally known (see the claims and drawings of Patent Document 1).
特許文献１に記載の非常止め装置は、昇降体に取り付けられ、昇降路に設置されたガイドレールを挟むように配置された２個の制動子と、制動子にガイドレール挟圧用の弾性力を付与する付勢体（挟圧体）と、昇降体が規定値以上の高速で走行したときに制動子を引き上げて昇降体を非常停止させるリンクを有している。リンクは、連結機構を介して調速機ロープに連結されている。調速機は、調速機ロープを介して昇降体の走行速度を検知するもので、昇降体が規定値以上の高速で走行したときに調速機ロープを掴んでエレベータの運行を停止する。調速機によって調速機ロープが掴まれると、調速機ロープと昇降体との間に相対的な変位が生じるので、連結機構を介してその変位をリンクに伝達し、リンクにより制動子を引き上げる。制動子及び付勢体の先端部は、くさび形に形成されており、リンクにより引き上げられた制動子は、付勢体の内面に案内されてガイドレールに接近する方向に移動し、ガイドレールと付勢体との間の隙間に押し込まれる。これにより、制動子が付勢体の弾性力でガイドレールに押し付けられるので、制動子とガイドレールとの間に作用する摩擦力で昇降体が制動され、所要の減速度で昇降体が非常停止される。 The emergency stop device described in Patent Literature 1 is attached to a lifting body, and is provided with two braking elements arranged so as to sandwich a guide rail installed in the hoistway, and an elastic force for clamping the guide rail to the braking element. An urging body (clamping body) to be applied and a link that raises the braking element and makes the lifting body emergency stop when the lifting body travels at a speed higher than a specified value. The link is connected to the governor rope through a connection mechanism. The governor detects the traveling speed of the lifting body via the governor rope, and when the lifting body travels at a high speed equal to or higher than a specified value, the governor rope is gripped to stop the operation of the elevator. When the governor rope is grabbed by the governor, a relative displacement occurs between the governor rope and the lifting body, so that the displacement is transmitted to the link via the connecting mechanism, and the brake is moved by the link. Pull up. The brake element and the tip of the biasing body are formed in a wedge shape, and the brake element pulled up by the link is guided by the inner surface of the biasing body and moves in a direction approaching the guide rail. It is pushed into the gap between the urging body. As a result, the brake element is pressed against the guide rail by the elastic force of the urging body, so that the elevator body is braked by the frictional force acting between the brake element and the guide rail, and the elevator body is emergency stopped at the required deceleration. Is done.
誤動作防止機構は、昇降体の走行速度が規定値に達していないにも拘らず、乗客のいたずら加振等によって昇降体に不正な揺れが生じ、調速機ロープと昇降体とが相対的に変位した場合には、リンクによる制動子の引き上げを回避して、昇降体の非常停止を防止するものである。誤動作防止機構を備えることにより、昇降体の無用な非常停止を回避できるので、エレベータの運用効率を高めることができる。特許文献１に記載の誤動作防止機構は、昇降体に不正な揺れが生じたときに通電状態にされる電磁石と、この電磁石に対向する磁性体を有し、電磁石への通電時に磁性体が吸着されて下降し、制動子の上方への変位を阻止するストッパと、ストッパを常時上昇方向に付勢するコイルばねと、昇降体に不正な揺れが生じたときに電磁石へ電力を供給する発電装置とから構成されている。 Although the malfunction prevention mechanism does not reach the specified value, the lifting body is improperly shaken by mischievous vibrations of the passenger, and the governor rope and the lifting body are relatively In the case of displacement, the brake is prevented from being pulled up by the link to prevent an emergency stop of the lifting body. By providing the malfunction prevention mechanism, unnecessary emergency stop of the lifting body can be avoided, so that the operation efficiency of the elevator can be improved. The malfunction prevention mechanism described in Patent Document 1 includes an electromagnet that is energized when an improper swing occurs in the lifting body and a magnetic body that faces the electromagnet, and the magnetic body is attracted when the electromagnet is energized. And a stopper that prevents the brake element from being displaced upward, a coil spring that constantly biases the stopper in the upward direction, and a power generator that supplies electric power to the electromagnet when an improper swing occurs in the elevator It consists of and.
しかしながら、特許文献１に記載の非常止め装置は、上述したように、電磁石及び発電装置を含む複雑な誤動作防止機構に備えるので、装置が大型かつ高コストになりやすい。また、特許文献１に記載の誤動作防止機構は、昇降体の不正な揺れを検知して発電装置を起動し、発電装置から供給される電力により電磁石を励磁して磁性体を備えたストッパを吸引し、所定位置まで下降されたストッパにより制動子の上方への変位を阻止するというものであるので、動作速度が遅く、不正な揺れの発生に迅速に対応することが難しいという問題もある。 However, since the emergency stop device described in Patent Document 1 is provided in a complicated malfunction prevention mechanism including an electromagnet and a power generation device as described above, the device tends to be large and expensive. In addition, the malfunction prevention mechanism described in Patent Document 1 activates the power generation device by detecting an improper swing of the lifting body, and excites the electromagnet with the electric power supplied from the power generation device to attract the stopper provided with the magnetic body. However, since the stopper is lowered to a predetermined position to prevent the brake element from being displaced upward, there is also a problem that the operation speed is slow and it is difficult to quickly cope with the occurrence of unauthorized shaking.
加えて、特許文献１に記載の非常止め装置は、制動子と付勢体との間に摩擦力低減用のローラ部材が備えられておらず、昇降体に不正な揺れが生じた際のローラ部材の挙動について何も考慮されていないので、ローラ部材を備えた非常止め装置に特許文献１に記載の発明を適用しても、所要の効果を発揮することができない。即ち、制動子と付勢体との間には、摩擦力を低減して制動子の動作性を高めるため、ローラ部材を備えることがむしろ一般的である。ローラ部材を備えた非常止め装置では、昇降体に不正な揺れが生じたときに、ローラ部材が定位置から跳ね上がりやすく、昇降体の揺れに起因する誤動作を起こしやすい。また、ローラ部材の上下動を安定に規制できないことから、非常停止時の制動力が不安定になりやすい。以下、図を用いて、従来例に係るローラ部材を備えた非常止め装置の問題点をより詳細に説明する。 In addition, the emergency stop device described in Patent Document 1 is not provided with a roller member for reducing the frictional force between the brake and the biasing body, and the roller when the swinging motion occurs in the lifting body. Since no consideration is given to the behavior of the member, even if the invention described in Patent Document 1 is applied to the emergency stop device provided with the roller member, the required effect cannot be exhibited. In other words, a roller member is generally provided between the brake element and the urging body in order to reduce the frictional force and increase the operability of the brake element. In the emergency stop device provided with a roller member, when an improper swing occurs in the lifting body, the roller member easily jumps up from a fixed position, and a malfunction due to the swinging of the lifting body is likely to occur. Further, since the vertical movement of the roller member cannot be stably regulated, the braking force at the time of emergency stop tends to become unstable. Hereinafter, the problem of the safety device provided with the roller member according to the conventional example will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
図７〜図９に示すように、従来例に係る非常止め装置３は、所要の間隔を隔てて対向に配置された上部横枠３１及び下部横枠３２と、これら上下の横枠３１、３２の間に配置された弾性体３３と、弾性体３３の先端部の内面に対向に設けられたくさび形のガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂと、並列された複数のローラ４１を連結部材４２で一体に連結したローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂと、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂを介してガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂの内側に配置された制動子３６ａ、３６ｂと、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂに取り付けられた制動子取付ピン３７ａ、３７ｂと、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの下方に配置された制動子引上げロッド３８とを含んで構成されている。上部横枠３１は、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの中間位置にガイドレール１が配置されるようにして、図示しない昇降体に取り付けられる。なお、制動子引上げロッド３８は、特許文献１に記載のリンクに相当する部材である。 As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the safety device 3 according to the conventional example includes an upper horizontal frame 31 and a lower horizontal frame 32 that are arranged to face each other with a predetermined interval therebetween, and the upper and lower horizontal frames 31, 32. The elastic body 33 disposed between the wedge bodies, wedge-shaped guide members 34a and 34b provided on the inner surface of the tip of the elastic body 33, and a plurality of rollers 41 arranged in parallel are connected together by a connecting member 42. Roller members 35a and 35b, brake members 36a and 36b disposed inside the guide members 34a and 34b via the roller members 35a and 35b, and brake member mounting pins 37a and 37b attached to the brake members 36a and 36b. And a brake puller rod 38 disposed below the brake pads 36a and 36b. The upper horizontal frame 31 is attached to an elevating body (not shown) such that the guide rail 1 is disposed at an intermediate position between the brake pieces 36a and 36b. The brake puller rod 38 is a member corresponding to the link described in Patent Document 1.
図７（ａ）は、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが所定の初期位置（可動範囲の下端）に保持されている場合を示している。ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの可動範囲は、制動子引上げロッド３８の引き上げ前にローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが下端位置にあることを前提とし、ガイドレール１に対して制動子３６ａ、３６ｂがある程度偏心した場合にも、制動子引上げロッド３８を引き上げることにより、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとガイドレール１との間に所定の摩擦力（制動力）を発生できる範囲に調整されている。したがって、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが下端位置にある状態において、制動子引上げロッド３８が引き上げられると、図７（ｂ）に示すように、２つの制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが等分に引き上げられる。 FIG. 7A shows a case where the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake members 36a and 36b are held at a predetermined initial position (the lower end of the movable range). The movable range of the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake elements 36a and 36b is based on the assumption that the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake elements 36a and 36b are at the lower end positions before the brake element pulling rod 38 is pulled up. On the other hand, even when the brake elements 36a and 36b are eccentric to some extent, a range in which a predetermined frictional force (braking force) can be generated between the brake elements 36a and 36b and the guide rail 1 by pulling up the brake element lifting rod 38. Has been adjusted. Therefore, when the brake member lifting rod 38 is pulled up in a state where the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake members 36a and 36b are at the lower end positions, as shown in FIG. 7B, the two brake members 36a and 36b are equal to each other. Raised to minutes.
また、制動子引上げロッド３８により引き上げられた制動子３６ａ、３６ｂは、ガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂに案内されてガイドレール１に接近する方向に移動する。そして、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂがガイドレール１に接触した後は、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂとの間及びガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂとローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂとの間に摩擦力が作用するため、ローラ４１が転動してローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが上方に移動する。このときのローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの移動ストロークは、２つの制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げストロークが等分であることから、左右等分となる。また、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの移動ストロークは、図８に示すように、ガイドレール１に接触した後の制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げストロークＬの１／２（Ｌ／２）になる。ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの長さ寸法は、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの長さ方向に弾性体３３の弾性力を均等に付与でき、かつ、制動子引上げロッド３８による制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げ時に、下端位置から上昇したローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの上端部が上部横枠３１に衝突しない長さに調整される。よって、図７（ａ）、（ｂ）に示す正常状態においては、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げ時にローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの上端部が上部横枠３１に衝突せず、しかもガイドレール１に対してローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが均等に引き上げられるので、ガイドレール１と制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとの間に所要の摩擦力が発生し、昇降体を正常に非常停止できる。 Further, the brake members 36 a and 36 b pulled up by the brake child pulling rod 38 are guided by the guide members 34 a and 34 b and moved in a direction approaching the guide rail 1. After the brake elements 36a and 36b come into contact with the guide rail 1, frictional force is generated between the brake elements 36a and 36b and the roller members 35a and 35b and between the guide members 34a and 34b and the roller members 35a and 35b. In order to act, roller 41 rolls and roller members 35a and 35b move upward. At this time, the moving strokes of the roller members 35a and 35b are equal to each other since the lifting strokes of the two brake elements 36a and 36b are equally divided. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the moving stroke of the roller members 35a and 35b is ½ (L / 2) of the lifting stroke L of the brake elements 36a and 36b after contacting the guide rail 1. The length of the roller members 35a and 35b is such that the elastic force of the elastic body 33 can be evenly applied in the length direction of the brake elements 36a and 36b, and when the brake elements 36a and 36b are pulled up by the brake element lifting rod 38, The upper ends of the roller members 35a and 35b raised from the lower end position are adjusted so as not to collide with the upper horizontal frame 31. Therefore, in the normal state shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the upper ends of the roller members 35a and 35b do not collide with the upper horizontal frame 31 when the brake members 36a and 36b are lifted, and Since the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake elements 36a and 36b are evenly pulled up, a necessary frictional force is generated between the guide rail 1 and the brake elements 36a and 36b, and the elevator body can be normally stopped in an emergency.
しかしながら、本構成の非常止め装置は、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの不正な上下動を防止するための手段が備えられていないので、図９（ａ）に示すように、昇降体の揺れの影響を受けて、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが下端位置から跳ね上がることがある。なお、図９（ａ）、（ｂ）は、ガイドレール１に対して制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが等分に配置されておらず、一方の制動子３６ａとガイドレール１との間隔が狭く、他方の制動子３６ｂとガイドレール１との間隔が広くなるように偏心した状態を示している。ガイドレール１に対する制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの偏心は、例えば、ガイドレールと摺動自在に組み合わされて昇降体に設置されるガイドシューに編摩耗が生じた場合、昇降体が偏荷重により傾斜した場合、地震により建物に歪みが生じた場合等に生じる。 However, since the emergency stop device of this configuration is not provided with means for preventing the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake members 36a and 36b from moving up and down improperly, as shown in FIG. The roller members 35a and 35b and the brake members 36a and 36b may jump up from the lower end position under the influence of body shake. In FIGS. 9A and 9B, the brake elements 36a and 36b are not equally arranged with respect to the guide rail 1, and the distance between one brake element 36a and the guide rail 1 is narrow, while the other This shows an eccentric state in which the distance between the brake element 36b and the guide rail 1 is increased. The eccentricity of the brake elements 36a and 36b with respect to the guide rail 1 is, for example, when knitting wear occurs on a guide shoe that is slidably combined with the guide rail and is installed on the lifting body, or when the lifting body is inclined due to an eccentric load. This occurs when a building is distorted by an earthquake.
偏心によりガイドレール１との間隔が狭くなる側については、ガイドレール１に接するまでの制動子３６ａの引き上げストロークが小さくなり、これに伴ってローラ部材３５ａの移動ストロークも小さくなるため、図９（ｂ）の左側に示すように、特別な問題は生じない。これに対して、偏心によりガイドレール１との間隔が広くなる側については、ガイドレール１に接するまでの制動子３６ｂの引き上げストロークが大きくなり、これに伴ってローラ部材３５ｂの移動ストロークも大きくなるため、図９（ｂ）の右側に示すように、ローラ部材３５ｂの上端が上部横枠３１に衝突しやすくなる。ローラ部材３５ｂが上部横枠３１に衝突すると、ローラ部材３５ｂ及び上部横枠３１の双方又は一方が破損しやすいばかりでなく、ローラ部材３５ｂ及び制動子３６ｂがそれ以上上昇できなくなるため、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂを所定の挟圧力でガイドレール１に押し付けることが困難になって、昇降体の制動力が不安定になる。 On the side where the distance from the guide rail 1 becomes narrow due to the eccentricity, the lifting stroke of the brake element 36a until it comes into contact with the guide rail 1 is reduced, and accordingly, the moving stroke of the roller member 35a is also reduced. As shown on the left side of b), no special problem occurs. On the other hand, on the side where the distance from the guide rail 1 becomes wider due to the eccentricity, the stroke of lifting the brake element 36b until it comes into contact with the guide rail 1 is increased, and accordingly, the moving stroke of the roller member 35b is also increased. Therefore, as shown on the right side of FIG. 9B, the upper end of the roller member 35 b easily collides with the upper horizontal frame 31. When the roller member 35b collides with the upper horizontal frame 31, not only or both of the roller member 35b and the upper horizontal frame 31 are likely to be damaged, but the roller member 35b and the brake element 36b cannot be further raised. , 36b becomes difficult to press against the guide rail 1 with a predetermined clamping pressure, and the braking force of the lifting body becomes unstable.
なお、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの長さ寸法を小さくすれば、移動ストロークが大きくなった場合にもローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂと上部横枠３１の衝突を回避できるが、ガイドレール１に対する制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの押圧力の分布が不均等になりやすくなるため、非常止め装置３の性能確保が困難になる。また、上部横枠３１と下部横枠３２の設定間隔を大きくすれば、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの長さ寸法を維持したまま、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂと上部横枠３１の衝突を回避できるが、非常止め装置３が大型化するという不都合が生じる。 If the length of the roller members 35a and 35b is reduced, the collision between the roller members 35a and 35b and the upper horizontal frame 31 can be avoided even when the moving stroke is increased. Since the distribution of the pressing force of 36b is likely to be uneven, it is difficult to ensure the performance of the emergency stop device 3. Further, if the set interval between the upper horizontal frame 31 and the lower horizontal frame 32 is increased, the collision between the roller members 35a, 35b and the upper horizontal frame 31 can be avoided while maintaining the length dimension of the roller members 35a, 35b. There arises an inconvenience that the emergency stop device 3 is enlarged.
さらに、従来例に係る非常止め装置３は、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの不正な上下動を防止するための手段が備えられていないことから、重量物の乗降やいたずら加振によって昇降体に不正な揺れが生じた場合に、昇降体の走行速度が規定値を超えていなくても、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが跳ね上がり、非常止め装置３が誤動作しやすい。このため、昇降体の非常止め頻度が高くなって、昇降体の円滑な運行が害されるという問題もある。 Furthermore, since the emergency stop device 3 according to the conventional example is not provided with a means for preventing the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake members 36a and 36b from moving up and down improperly, it is possible to get on and off heavy objects and perform tampering vibrations. When the swinging motion of the lifting body is caused by this, even if the traveling speed of the lifting body does not exceed the specified value, the roller members 35a, 35b and the brake members 36a, 36b jump up and the emergency stop device 3 is likely to malfunction. . For this reason, the emergency stop frequency of the lifting body is increased, and there is a problem that smooth operation of the lifting body is impaired.
本発明は、このような従来技術の実状に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、小型かつ簡単な構成で、過速度走行時に昇降体を確実に制動でき、かつ昇降体に不正な揺れが生じた場合の誤動作を防止可能なエレベータの非常止め装置を提供すること、及び、この非常止め装置を備えたエレベータを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the actual state of the prior art as described above, and an object of the present invention is to reliably brake the lifting body during overspeed traveling with a small and simple configuration and to improperly swing the lifting body. It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator emergency stop device that can prevent malfunction when a malfunction occurs, and to provide an elevator equipped with this emergency stop device.
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明は、エレベータの非常止め装置に関し、昇降体のガイドレールを介してその両側に配置され、上下方向に移動可能に設けられた制動子と、前記制動子の外側に配置され、前記制動子の上昇又は下降に伴って前記制動子を前記ガイドレールに接近する方向、又は、前記ガイドレールから離隔する方向に案内するガイド部材と、前記制動子の上昇時に前記制動子と前記ガイドレールとの間に挟圧力を付与する弾性体と、前記制動子と前記ガイド部材との間に介設され、前記制動子の上昇又は下降に伴って上下方向に移動するローラ部材と、前記昇降体が規定値以上の高速で走行したときに前記制動子を上方に移動させる制動子引上げ部材を備えたエレベータの非常止め装置において、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちの少なくともいずれか一方に、前記制動子引上げ部材による前記制動子の引き上げが行われていない状態では、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材を可動範囲の下限位置に保持し、前記制動子引上げ部材による前記制動子の引き上げが行われている状態では、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のせり上がりを許容するせり上がり制限部材を備え、前記せり上がり制限部材として、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちのいずれか一方を、直接又は他の部材を介して常時下向きに付勢する弾性部材を備えると共に、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちのいずれか他方を磁力により吸着し、前記可動範囲の下限位置に保持するマグネットを備えたことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention relates to an emergency stop device for an elevator, which is arranged on both sides of a guide rail of an elevating body and provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and the brake And a guide member that guides the brake element in a direction approaching the guide rail or a direction away from the guide rail as the brake element is raised or lowered, and when the brake element is raised An elastic body that applies a clamping force between the brake element and the guide rail, and an elastic body that is interposed between the brake element and the guide member, and moves up and down as the brake element moves up or down. An elevator emergency stop device comprising: a roller member; and a braking element lifting member that moves the braking element upward when the elevating body travels at a speed higher than a specified value. When at least one of the members is not lifted by the brake pulling member, the brake pusher and the roller member are held at the lower limit position of the movable range, and the brake pusher is lifted. In a state in which the brake element is pulled up by a member, the brake element and the roller member are provided with a rising limit member that allows the brake element and the roller member to rise. An elastic member that always urges one of them downwards directly or via another member, and adsorbs the other of the brake member and the roller member by magnetic force, A magnet that is held at the lower limit position is provided .
また本発明は、エレベータに関し、昇降路に備えられたガイドレールと、前記ガイドレールに沿って昇降される昇降体と、前記昇降体の走行速度を監視する調速機と、前記昇降体に備えられ、前記昇降体が規定値以上の高速で走行したとき、前記調速機により操作される非常止め装置とを備えたエレベータにおいて、前記非常止め装置は、前記ガイドレールを介してその両側に配置され、上下方向に移動可能に設けられた制動子と、前記制動子の外側に配置され、前記制動子の上昇又は下降に伴って前記制動子を前記ガイドレールに接近する方向、又は、前記ガイドレールから離隔する方向に案内するガイド部材と、前記制動子の上昇時に前記制動子と前記ガイドレールとの間に挟圧力を付与する弾性体と、前記制動子と前記ガイド部材との間に介設され、前記制動子の上昇又は下降に伴って上下方向に移動するローラ部材と、前記調速機を駆動する調速機ロープに連結された制動子引上げ部材と、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちの少なくともいずれか一方に備えられ、前記制動子引上げ部材による前記制動子の引き上げが行われていない状態では、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材を可動範囲の下限位置に保持し、前記制動子引上げ部材による前記制動子の引き上げが行われている状態では、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のせり上がりを許容するせり上がり制限部材を備え、前記せり上がり制限部材として、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちのいずれか一方を、直接又は他の部材を介して常時下向きに付勢する弾性部材を備えると共に、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちのいずれか他方を磁力により吸着し、前記可動範囲の下限位置に保持するマグネットを備えたことを特徴とする。 The present invention also relates to an elevator, comprising: a guide rail provided in a hoistway; a lifting body that is raised and lowered along the guide rail; a speed governor that monitors a traveling speed of the lifting body; and the lifting body. And an emergency stop device operated by the governor when the lifting body travels at a speed higher than a specified value, the emergency stop devices are arranged on both sides of the guide rail via the guide rail. A brake element provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction; and a direction in which the brake element approaches the guide rail as the brake element is raised or lowered, or the guide. A guide member that guides in a direction away from the rail, an elastic body that applies a clamping force between the brake and the guide rail when the brake is raised, and the brake and the guide member A roller member that moves in the vertical direction as the brake element moves up or down, a brake member pull-up member that is connected to a governor rope that drives the governor, the brake element, and the brake element The brake member and the roller member are provided in at least one of the roller members, and the brake member and the roller member are held at the lower limit position of the movable range in a state where the brake member is not pulled up by the brake member lifting member. In a state in which the brake element is pulled up by the brake element lifting member, the brake element and the roller member are provided with a rising limit member, and the brake element and the roller member are used as the rising limit member. An elastic member that constantly urges any one of the roller members downwards directly or via another member, and the brake member and the roller member The other one of the inner adsorbed by the magnetic force, characterized by comprising a magnet to hold the lower limit position of the movable range.
本発明によれば、非常止め装置に制動子及びローラ部材のせり上がり制限部材を備えたので、小型かつ簡単な構成で、過速度走行時に昇降体を確実に制動できる。また、昇降体に不正な揺れが生じた場合の誤動作を防止できる。上記した以外の課題、構成及び効果は、以下に記載する実施形態の説明により明らかにされる。 According to the present invention, since the emergency stop device is provided with the brake member and the rising limit member of the roller member, the elevator can be reliably braked during overspeed traveling with a small and simple configuration. In addition, it is possible to prevent malfunction when the lifting body is improperly shaken. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will become apparent from the description of the embodiments described below.
以下、図を用いて本発明に係るエレベータ及びこれに備えられる非常止め装置の実施の形態を説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of an elevator according to the present invention and an emergency stop device provided therewith will be described with reference to the drawings.
図１に示すように、実施の形態に係るエレベータは、所定の間隔を隔てて配置された２本のガイドレール１と、ガイドレール１に沿って昇降される昇降体２と、昇降体２の底面に取り付けられた非常止め装置３を備えている。ガイドレール１は、例えばＴ形鋼をもって形成されており、建物に設けられた昇降路の高さ方向に設置される。昇降体２は、乗客や貨物を乗せて目標階まで移動するものであり、建物の最上階又は昇降路内に設置された図示しない巻上機により駆動される。昇降体２の側面には、ガイドレール１と摺動自在に組み合わされる断面コの字形のガイドシュー４が備えられており、これにより昇降体２をガイドレール１に沿って昇降することが可能になる。非常止め装置３は、２本のガイドレール１のそれぞれに対応して備えられる。なお、非常止め装置３の構成については、後に説明する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the elevator according to the embodiment includes two guide rails 1 arranged at a predetermined interval, a lifting body 2 that is lifted and lowered along the guide rail 1, and a lifting body 2. An emergency stop device 3 attached to the bottom surface is provided. The guide rail 1 is formed with T-shaped steel, for example, and is installed in the height direction of a hoistway provided in a building. The elevator 2 moves to the target floor with passengers and cargo, and is driven by a hoisting machine (not shown) installed on the top floor of the building or in the hoistway. A side surface of the lifting body 2 is provided with a U-shaped guide shoe 4 slidably combined with the guide rail 1 so that the lifting body 2 can be lifted and lowered along the guide rail 1. Become. The emergency stop device 3 is provided corresponding to each of the two guide rails 1. The configuration of the safety device 3 will be described later.
図２に示すように、非常止め装置３は、連結機構１１を介して調速機ロープ１２に連結されており、調速機ロープ１２は、調速機１３と張り車１４に巻き掛けされている。連結機構１１は、２つの非常止め装置３を同時に操作可能な２つのリンク部材１１ａ、１１ｂと、これら２つのリンク部材１１ａ、１１ｂの先端を常時下向きに付勢して、昇降体２の揺れによる非常止め装置３の誤操作を防止する誤操作抑制ばね１５を備えている。昇降体２が予め設定された規定値を超えない速度で走行している場合、調速機ロープ１２は昇降体２と同一速度で走行し、調速機ロープ１２と昇降体の間には相対的な変位が生じない。よって、連結機構１１を構成する２つのリンク部材１１ａ、１１ｂは引き上げられず、非常止め装置３は非動作状態に保たれる。これに対して、昇降体２が規定値を超えると、調速機１３がそれを検知して調速機ロープ１２を固定するが、その後も昇降体２は慣性により移動するので、調速機ロープ１２と昇降体２との間に相対的な変位が生じる。これにより、連結機構１１を構成する２つのリンク部材１１ａ、１１ｂが引き上げられ、非常止め装置３を作動させる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the emergency stop device 3 is connected to a speed governor rope 12 through a connection mechanism 11, and the speed governor rope 12 is wound around a speed governor 13 and a tension wheel 14. Yes. The coupling mechanism 11 is configured by two link members 11a and 11b capable of operating the two emergency stop devices 3 at the same time, and constantly biasing the tips of the two link members 11a and 11b downwardly, and by the swinging of the lifting body 2 An erroneous operation restraining spring 15 for preventing erroneous operation of the emergency stop device 3 is provided. When the elevating body 2 is traveling at a speed that does not exceed a preset specified value, the governor rope 12 travels at the same speed as the elevating body 2, and the speed governor rope 12 and the elevating body are relatively Displacement does not occur. Therefore, the two link members 11a and 11b constituting the coupling mechanism 11 are not pulled up, and the emergency stop device 3 is kept in a non-operating state. On the other hand, when the lifting body 2 exceeds the specified value, the speed governor 13 detects it and fixes the speed governor rope 12. However, since the lifting body 2 moves by inertia, the speed governor A relative displacement occurs between the rope 12 and the lifting body 2. Thereby, two link members 11a and 11b which constitute connection mechanism 11 are pulled up, and emergency stop device 3 is operated.
以下、本発明に係る非常止め装置の構成を、実施例に分けて説明する。 Hereinafter, the structure of the safety device according to the present invention will be described by dividing it into examples.
〈非常止め装置の第１実施例〉
図３（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように、第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａも、基本的構成については図６〜図８に示した従来例に係る非常止め装置３と同一であり、所要の間隔を隔てて対向に配置された上部横枠３１及び下部横枠３２と、横枠３１、３２の間に配置された平面形状がＵ字形の弾性体３３（図１参照）と、弾性体３３の内面に対向に設けられたくさび形のガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂと、ガイドレール１を介してその両側に配置された制動子３６ａ、３６ｂと、ガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂと制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの間に介設されたローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂと、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂに取り付けられた制動子取付ピン３７ａ、３７ｂと、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの下方に配置された制動子引上げロッド３８とを含んで構成されている。制動子引上げロッド３８は、連結機構１１に連結される。制動子取付ピン３７ａ、３７ｂは、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げストロークを規制するもので、制動子引上げロッド３８を貫通して、その一端が制動子３６ａ、３６ｂに固定される。制動子３６ａ、３６ｂからの制動子取付ピン３７ａ、３７ｂの突出し長さは、昇降体の非常停止時に制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが上部横枠３１に衝突せず、かつ制動子取付ピン３７ａ、３７ｂ及び制動子引上げロッド３８に過大な力が作用しない適宜の長さに調整される。
<First embodiment of emergency stop device>
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment is the same as the emergency stop device 3 according to the conventional example shown in FIGS. There are an upper horizontal frame 31 and a lower horizontal frame 32 arranged to face each other at a required interval, and an elastic body 33 (see FIG. 1) having a U-shaped planar shape arranged between the horizontal frames 31 and 32. The wedge-shaped guide members 34a and 34b provided opposite to the inner surface of the elastic body 33, the brake elements 36a and 36b disposed on both sides of the guide rail 1 via the guide rail 1, the guide members 34a and 34b, and the brake element 36a. , 36b, roller members 35a, 35b interposed between the brake members 36a, 36b, brake member mounting pins 37a, 37b, and brake member pull-up rods 38 disposed below the brake members 36a, 36b. And is composed of The brake element pulling rod 38 is connected to the connecting mechanism 11. The brake element mounting pins 37a and 37b regulate the lifting stroke of the brake elements 36a and 36b. The brake element mounting pins 37a and 37b penetrate the brake element lifting rod 38 and have one end fixed to the brake elements 36a and 36b. The protruding lengths of the brake element mounting pins 37a and 37b from the brake elements 36a and 36b are such that the brake elements 36a and 36b do not collide with the upper horizontal frame 31 at the time of emergency stop of the elevating body, and the brake element mounting pins 37a and 37b and The length is adjusted to an appropriate length so that excessive force does not act on the brake pulling rod 38.
制動子３６ａ、３６ｂは、内面がガイドレール１と平行で、外面が上方に至るに従ってガイドレール１に接近するように傾斜するくさび状に形成されている。これに対して、ガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂは、内面が制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの外面と平行なくさび状に形成されており、Ｕ字形に形成された弾性体３３の先端部に対向に固定されている。したがって、制動子引上げロッド３８により制動子３６ａ、３６ｂを引き上げると、引き上げられた制動子３６ａ、３６ｂは、ガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂに案内されて内向きに移動する。なお、図３（ａ）、（ｂ）においては、理解を容易にするために制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとガイドレール１との間に大きな隙間があるように描かれているが、実際には、非常止め装置３Ａのレスポンスを高めるため、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとガイドレール１とは、僅かな隙間を隔てて平行に配置されている。 The brake elements 36a and 36b are formed in a wedge shape that has an inner surface parallel to the guide rail 1 and is inclined so as to approach the guide rail 1 as the outer surface moves upward. On the other hand, the guide members 34a, 34b are formed in a wedge shape in parallel with the outer surfaces of the brake elements 36a, 36b, and are fixed to the front end of the elastic body 33 formed in a U-shape. Yes. Accordingly, when the brake elements 36a and 36b are pulled up by the brake element lifting rod 38, the pulled brake elements 36a and 36b are guided inward by the guide members 34a and 34b and moved inward. 3 (a) and 3 (b), there is a large gap between the brake pieces 36a and 36b and the guide rail 1 for easy understanding. In order to increase the response of the emergency stop device 3A, the brake elements 36a, 36b and the guide rail 1 are arranged in parallel with a slight gap therebetween.
ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂは、並列された複数のローラ４１を、連結部材４２を用いて一体に連結してなる。第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａは、図３（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように、連結部材４２の下端部と非常止め装置３のフレーム部４３との間に、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂを常時下向きに付勢する弾性部材４４を設定したことを特徴とする。弾性部材４４の弾性力は、制動子引上げロッド３８による制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げが行われていない状態では、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂを可動範囲の下限位置に保持し、制動子引上げ部材３８による制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げが行われている状態では、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂのせり上がりを許容する大きさに調整される。連結部材４２の下端部及び弾性部材４４は、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂのせり上がりを制限するせり上がり制限部材を構成する。 The roller members 35 a and 35 b are formed by integrally connecting a plurality of rollers 41 arranged in parallel using a connecting member 42. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment includes a roller member 35a between the lower end portion of the connecting member 42 and the frame portion 43 of the emergency stop device 3. An elastic member 44 that constantly urges 35b downward is set. The elastic force of the elastic member 44 is such that the roller members 35a and 35b are held at the lower limit position of the movable range when the brake members 36a and 36b are not pulled up by the brake rod lifting rod 38, and the brake member pull-up member 38 In a state where the brake elements 36a and 36b are pulled up, the size is adjusted to allow the roller members 35a and 35b to rise. The lower end portion of the connecting member 42 and the elastic member 44 constitute a rising limit member that limits the rising of the roller members 35a and 35b.
なお、図３（ａ）、（ｂ）の例では、連結部材４２をＬ字形に形成したが、かかる構成に代えて、図７〜図９に示した従来例に係るローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの連結部材４２にＬ字形の部材を付け足して、せり上がり制限部材とすることもできる。このようにすると、従来例に係るローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂをそっくり利用できるので、非常止め装置３Ａの低コスト化を図ることができる。 In the example of FIGS. 3A and 3B, the connecting member 42 is formed in an L shape. However, instead of such a configuration, the roller members 35a and 35b according to the conventional examples shown in FIGS. It is also possible to add an L-shaped member to the connecting member 42 to provide a rising limit member. If it does in this way, since roller member 35a, 35b which concerns on a prior art example can be utilized completely, cost reduction of 3 A of emergency stop apparatuses can be achieved.
第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａは、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂのせり上がりを制限する弾性部材４４を、連結部材４２の下端部と非常止め装置３のフレーム部４３との間に設定したので、昇降体２にいたずら加振等に起因する揺れが生じた場合にも、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの跳ね上がりを防止でき、図３（ａ）に示すように、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂを所定の初期位置（下端位置）に安定に保持できる。なお、本構成によっては、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの跳ね上がりを防止することはできないが、仮に昇降体２の揺れに応じて制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが跳ね上がったとしても、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが下端位置に保持されているので、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂはガイドレール１に接触する位置まで内向きに移動できず、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとガイドレール１の間に摩擦力が作用し得ない。したがって、昇降体２が規定値以下の速度で走行している場合の非常止め装置３Ａの誤動作を防止できる。このように、第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａは、弾性部材４４を連結部材４２の下端部と非常止め装置３のフレーム部４３との間に設定するだけで誤動作を防止できるので、従来例に係る非常止め装置３に比べて、誤動作防止部の構成を簡略化できると共に、誤動作の発生を迅速かつ確実に防止できる。 In the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment, the elastic member 44 that restricts the rising of the roller members 35a and 35b is set between the lower end portion of the connecting member 42 and the frame portion 43 of the emergency stop device 3. In addition, even when the lifting / lowering body 2 is shaken due to mischievous vibration or the like, the roller members 35a and 35b can be prevented from jumping up, and as shown in FIG. It can be stably held at the position (lower end position). Although the brake members 36a and 36b cannot be prevented from jumping up depending on the present configuration, even if the brake members 36a and 36b jump up in response to the swing of the elevating body 2, the roller members 35a and 35b remain at the lower end position. Therefore, the brake elements 36a and 36b cannot move inward to a position where they come into contact with the guide rail 1, and frictional force cannot act between the brake elements 36a and 36b and the guide rail 1. Therefore, it is possible to prevent malfunction of the emergency stop device 3A when the elevating body 2 is traveling at a speed equal to or less than the specified value. As described above, the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment can prevent malfunction by simply setting the elastic member 44 between the lower end portion of the connecting member 42 and the frame portion 43 of the emergency stop device 3. Compared to the emergency stop device 3 according to the example, the configuration of the malfunction prevention unit can be simplified and the occurrence of malfunction can be prevented quickly and reliably.
図３（ａ）の状態から制動子引上げロッド３８によって制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが引き上げられると、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂがガイドレール１との間の隙間量に応じたストロークだけ上昇する。また、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂがガイドレール１に接触した後は、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとローラ４１との間に摩擦力が発生するので、ローラ４１が回転して、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが上方に移動する。ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂは、ガイドレール１に接触した後の制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げストロークＬの１／２だけ上昇する。これにより、図３（ｂ）に示すように、ガイドレール１とガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂとの間にローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが押し込まれ、ガイドレール１と制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとに弾性体３３の弾性力が付与されて、ガイドレール１と制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとの間に作用する摩擦力で、昇降体２が非常停止される。この場合において、制動子引上げロッド３８による制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げ前においては、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが下端位置に保持されているので、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げ時にローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが過剰に上昇することがない。よって、図３（ｂ）に示すように、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げ時にローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが上部横枠３１に衝突せず、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとガイドレール１との間に適正な挟圧力を付与できて、昇降体２を適正に非常停止することができる。 When the brake elements 36 a and 36 b are pulled up by the brake element pulling rod 38 from the state of FIG. 3A, the brake elements 36 a and 36 b are raised by a stroke corresponding to the gap amount between the guide rail 1. Further, after the brake elements 36a and 36b contact the guide rail 1, frictional force is generated between the brake elements 36a and 36b and the roller 41, so that the roller 41 rotates and the roller members 35a and 35b move upward. Move to. The roller members 35a and 35b are raised by a half of the lifting stroke L of the brake elements 36a and 36b after contacting the guide rail 1. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3B, the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake elements 36a and 36b are pushed between the guide rail 1 and the guide members 34a and 34b, and the guide rail 1 and the brake elements 36a and 36b are pushed. The elastic body 33 is applied with the elastic force, and the elevating body 2 is stopped due to the frictional force acting between the guide rail 1 and the brake elements 36a and 36b. In this case, since the roller members 35a and 35b are held at the lower end positions before the brake members 36a and 36b are lifted by the brake rod lifting rod 38, the roller members 35a and 35b are moved when the brake members 36a and 36b are lifted. It does not rise excessively. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the roller members 35a, 35b do not collide with the upper horizontal frame 31 when the brake members 36a, 36b are pulled up, and an appropriate gap is provided between the brake members 36a, 36b and the guide rail 1. A pinching pressure can be applied, and the lifting body 2 can be properly emergency-stopped.
なお、ガイドレール１に対する制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの設定位置に偏心が生じた場合には、偏心を生じていない場合に比べて、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げ時におけるローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの上昇位置が高くなる。しかしながら、第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａは、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げ前においてローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂを下端位置に保持し、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの跳ね上がりの影響を除くので、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げストロークが偏心に応じて大きくなったとしても、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの引き上げ時におけるローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの上昇位置を全体として低く抑えることができる。よって、ガイドレール１に対する制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの設定位置にある程度の偏心が生じた場合にも、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂのサイズを変更することなく、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの破損を防止できると共に、昇降体２の非常停止を正常に行うことができる。 In addition, when eccentricity occurs in the set positions of the brake elements 36a and 36b with respect to the guide rail 1, the raised positions of the roller members 35a and 35b when the brake elements 36a and 36b are pulled up as compared with the case where no eccentricity occurs. Becomes higher. However, the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment holds the roller members 35a and 35b at the lower end position before the brake members 36a and 36b are lifted, and eliminates the influence of the roller members 35a and 35b jumping up. Even if the lifting strokes of 36a and 36b are increased according to the eccentricity, the rising positions of the roller members 35a and 35b when the brake members 36a and 36b are lifted can be kept low as a whole. Therefore, even when a certain degree of eccentricity occurs in the set positions of the brake elements 36a and 36b with respect to the guide rail 1, damage to the roller members 35a and 35b can be prevented without changing the size of the roller members 35a and 35b. The emergency stop of the elevating body 2 can be normally performed.
〈非常止め装置の第２実施例〉
図４に示すように、第２実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｂは、制動子引上げロッド３８の下面と制動子取付ピン３７ａ、３７ｂの頭部との間に、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂを常時下向きに付勢する弾性部材４５を設定したことを特徴とする。弾性部材４５の弾性力は、いたずら加振等により昇降体２に不正な揺れが発生した場合にも、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの跳ね上がりを防止可能な大きさに設定される。制動子引上げロッド３８と、制動子取付ピン３７ａ、３７ｂと、弾性部材４５は、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂのせり上がりを制限するせり上がり制限部材を構成する。その他の部分の構成については、第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａと同じであるので、対応する部分に同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
<Second embodiment of the emergency stop device>
As shown in FIG. 4, the emergency stop device 3B according to the second embodiment is configured so that the brake members 36a and 36b are always directed downward between the lower surface of the brake element lifting rod 38 and the heads of the brake element mounting pins 37a and 37b. An elastic member 45 for urging is set. The elastic force of the elastic member 45 is set to a size that can prevent the jumpers 36a and 36b from jumping up even when the lifting body 2 is improperly shaken by mischievous vibration or the like. The brake element pull-up rod 38, the brake element attachment pins 37a and 37b, and the elastic member 45 constitute an upward limit member that limits the upward movement of the brake elements 36a and 36b. Since the configuration of the other parts is the same as that of the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are assigned to the corresponding parts and the description thereof is omitted.
第２実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｂは、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂのせり上がりを制限する弾性部材４５を、制動子引上げロッド３８の下面と制動子取付ピン３７ａ、３７ｂの頭部との間に設定したので、昇降体２にいたずら加振等により不正な揺れが生じた場合にも、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの跳ね上がりを防止できる。なお、本構成によっては、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの跳ね上がりを防止することはできないが、仮に昇降体２の揺れに応じてローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが跳ね上がったとしても、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが下端位置に保持されているので、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとガイドレール１との間に摩擦力が作用し得ない。よって、昇降体２が規定値以下の速度で走行している場合における非常止め装置３Ｂの誤動作を防止することができる。このように、第２実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｂは、制動子引上げロッド３８の下面と制動子取付ピン３７ａ、３７ｂの頭部との間に弾性部材４５を設定するだけで誤動作を防止できるので、従来例に係る非常止め装置３に比べて、誤動作防止部の構成を簡略化できると共に、誤動作の発生を迅速かつ確実に防止できる。 In the emergency stop device 3B according to the second embodiment, the elastic member 45 that restricts the lifting of the brake elements 36a and 36b is provided between the lower surface of the brake element lifting rod 38 and the heads of the brake element mounting pins 37a and 37b. Since the setting has been made, even when an improper shaking occurs due to mischievous vibration or the like in the elevating body 2, the jumpers 36a and 36b can be prevented from jumping up. Depending on the configuration, it is impossible to prevent the roller members 35a and 35b from jumping up. However, even if the roller members 35a and 35b jump up in response to the swinging of the elevating body 2, the brake members 36a and 36b are in the lower end position. Therefore, the frictional force cannot act between the brake pieces 36a, 36b and the guide rail 1. Therefore, malfunction of the emergency stop device 3B when the elevating body 2 is traveling at a speed equal to or less than the specified value can be prevented. As described above, the emergency stop device 3B according to the second embodiment can prevent malfunction by simply setting the elastic member 45 between the lower surface of the brake pulling rod 38 and the heads of the brake mounting pins 37a and 37b. Therefore, compared with the emergency stop device 3 according to the conventional example, the configuration of the malfunction prevention unit can be simplified and the occurrence of malfunction can be prevented promptly and reliably.
図４の状態から制動子引上げロッド３８が引き上げられると、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂは、ガイドレール１との間の隙間量に応じたストロークだけ上昇する。また、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの上昇に伴ってローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが上方に移動する。これにより、ガイドレール１とガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂとの間にローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが押し込まれ、ガイドレール１と制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとに弾性体３３の弾性力が付与されるので、ガイドレール１と制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとの間に作用する摩擦力で、昇降体２が非常停止される。よって、第２実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｂによっても、第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａと同様の効果を得ることができる。 When the brake element pulling rod 38 is pulled up from the state shown in FIG. 4, the brake elements 36 a and 36 b are raised by a stroke corresponding to the gap amount between the guide rail 1 and the brake elements 36 a and 36 b. Further, the roller members 35a and 35b move upward as the brake elements 36a and 36b rise. As a result, the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake elements 36a and 36b are pushed between the guide rail 1 and the guide members 34a and 34b, and the elastic force of the elastic body 33 is applied to the guide rail 1 and the brake elements 36a and 36b. Therefore, the lifting body 2 is emergency-stopped by the frictional force acting between the guide rail 1 and the brake elements 36a and 36b. Therefore, the same effect as the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment can be obtained by the emergency stop device 3B according to the second embodiment.
〈非常止め装置の第３実施例〉
図５に示すように、第３実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｃは、制動子引上げロッド３８の上面に、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂを磁気的に吸着するマグネット４６を設定したことを特徴とする。マグネット４６の吸着力は、いたずら加振等により昇降体２に不正な揺れが発生した場合にも、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの跳ね上がりを防止可能な大きさに設定される。マグネット４６は、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂのせり上がりを制限するせり上がり制限部材を構成する。その他の部分の構成については、第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａと同じであるので、対応する部分に同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
<Third embodiment of the emergency stop device>
As shown in FIG. 5, the emergency stop device 3C according to the third embodiment is characterized in that a magnet 46 that magnetically attracts the brake elements 36a and 36b is set on the upper surface of the brake element pulling rod 38. The attracting force of the magnet 46 is set to a size that can prevent the jumpers 36a and 36b from jumping up even when the lifting body 2 is improperly shaken by mischievous vibration or the like. The magnet 46 constitutes a lifting limit member that limits the lifting of the brake elements 36a and 36b. Since the configuration of the other parts is the same as that of the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are assigned to the corresponding parts and the description thereof is omitted.
第３実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｃは、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂのせり上がりを制限するマグネット４６を制動子引上げロッド３８の上面に設定したので、昇降体２にいたずら加振等により不正な揺れが生じた場合にも、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの跳ね上がりを防止できる。なお、本構成によっては、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂの跳ね上がりを防止することはできないが、仮に昇降体２の揺れに応じてローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが跳ね上がったとしても、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが下端位置に保持されているので、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとガイドレール１との間に摩擦力が作用し得ない。よって、昇降体２が規定値以下の速度で走行している場合における非常止め装置３Ｃの誤動作を防止することができる。このように、第３実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｃは、制動子引上げロッド３８の上面にマグネット４６を設置するだけで誤動作を防止できるので、従来例に係る非常止め装置３に比べて、誤動作防止部の構成を簡略化できると共に、誤動作の発生を迅速かつ確実に防止できる。 In the emergency stop device 3C according to the third embodiment, the magnet 46 that restricts the lifting of the brake members 36a and 36b is set on the upper surface of the brake rod pull-up rod 38. Even when the brakes occur, the jumpers 36a and 36b can be prevented from jumping up. Depending on the configuration, it is impossible to prevent the roller members 35a and 35b from jumping up. However, even if the roller members 35a and 35b jump up in response to the swinging of the elevating body 2, the brake members 36a and 36b are in the lower end position. Therefore, the frictional force cannot act between the brake pieces 36a, 36b and the guide rail 1. Therefore, it is possible to prevent malfunction of the emergency stop device 3C when the elevating body 2 is traveling at a speed equal to or lower than the specified value. As described above, the emergency stop device 3C according to the third embodiment can prevent malfunction by simply installing the magnet 46 on the upper surface of the brake pulling rod 38, and thus malfunctions compared to the emergency stop device 3 according to the conventional example. The configuration of the prevention unit can be simplified and the occurrence of malfunction can be prevented quickly and reliably.
図５の状態から制動子引上げロッド３８が引き上げられると、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂは、ガイドレール１との間の隙間量に応じたストロークだけ上昇する。また、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの上昇に伴ってローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂが上方に移動する。これにより、ガイドレール１とガイド部材３４ａ、３４ｂとの間にローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂが押し込まれ、ガイドレール１と制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとに弾性体３３の弾性力が付与されるので、ガイドレール１と制動子３６ａ、３６ｂとの間に作用する摩擦力で、昇降体２が非常停止される。よって、第３実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｃによっても、第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａと同様の効果を得ることができる。 When the brake element pulling rod 38 is pulled up from the state shown in FIG. 5, the brake elements 36 a and 36 b are raised by a stroke corresponding to the gap amount between the guide rail 1. Further, the roller members 35a and 35b move upward as the brake elements 36a and 36b rise. As a result, the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake elements 36a and 36b are pushed between the guide rail 1 and the guide members 34a and 34b, and the elastic force of the elastic body 33 is applied to the guide rail 1 and the brake elements 36a and 36b. Therefore, the lifting body 2 is emergency-stopped by the frictional force acting between the guide rail 1 and the brake elements 36a and 36b. Therefore, the same effect as that of the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment can be obtained by the emergency stop device 3C according to the third embodiment.
なお、本発明は、実施の形態に記載の範囲に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜設計変更することができる。 Note that the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the embodiments, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.
例えば、第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａは、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂを下端位置に保持する構成とし、第２実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｂ及び第３実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｃは、制動子３６ａ、３６ｂを下端位置に保持する構成としたが、図６に示すように、ローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂ及び制動子３６ａ、３６ｂの双方を、所要のせり上がり防止部材４４、４６を用いて可動範囲の下端位置に保持する構成とすることもできる。 For example, the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment is configured to hold the roller members 35a and 35b at the lower end position, and the emergency stop device 3B according to the second embodiment and the emergency stop device 3C according to the third embodiment are However, as shown in FIG. 6, the roller members 35a and 35b and the brake members 36a and 36b are both provided with the required lifting prevention members 44 and 46, as shown in FIG. Thus, it can be configured to be held at the lower end position of the movable range.
また、第１実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ａは、弾性部材４４を用いてローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂを下端位置に保持する構成としたが、第３実施例に係る非常止め装置３Ｃと同様に、マグネット４６を用いてローラ部材３５ａ、３５ｂを下端位置に保持する構成とすることもできる。 Moreover, although the emergency stop device 3A according to the first embodiment is configured to hold the roller members 35a and 35b at the lower end position using the elastic member 44, similarly to the emergency stop device 3C according to the third embodiment, It can also be set as the structure which hold | maintains roller member 35a, 35b in a lower end position using the magnet 46. FIG.
１ ガイドレール
２ 昇降体
３、３Ａ、３Ｂ、３Ｃ 非常止め装置
１１ 連結機構
１２ 調速機ロープ
１３ 調速機
３３ 弾性体
３４ａ、３４ｂ ガイド部材
３５ａ、３５ｂ ローラ部材
３６ａ、３６ｂ 制動子
３７ａ、３７ｂ 制動子取付ピン
３８ 制動子引上げロッド
４４、４５ 弾性部材
４６ マグネット
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Guide rail 2 Lifting body 3, 3A, 3B, 3C Emergency stop device 11 Connection mechanism 12 Speed governor rope 13 Speed governor 33 Elastic body 34a, 34b Guide member 35a, 35b Roller member 36a, 36b Braking element 37a, 37b Braking Child mounting pin 38 Braking element pulling rod 44, 45 Elastic member 46 Magnet
Claims (2)
前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちの少なくともいずれか一方に、前記制動子引上げ部材による前記制動子の引き上げが行われていない状態では、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材を可動範囲の下限位置に保持し、前記制動子引上げ部材による前記制動子の引き上げが行われている状態では、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のせり上がりを許容するせり上がり制限部材を備え、
前記せり上がり制限部材として、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちのいずれか一方を、直接又は他の部材を介して常時下向きに付勢する弾性部材を備えると共に、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちのいずれか他方を磁力により吸着し、前記可動範囲の下限位置に保持するマグネットを備えたことを特徴とするエレベータ用非常止め装置。 A brake element disposed on both sides of the lifting body via guide rails and provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and disposed on the outer side of the brake element, the brake element is moved as the brake element is raised or lowered. A guide member that guides in a direction approaching the guide rail or in a direction away from the guide rail, and an elastic body that applies a clamping force between the brake and the guide rail when the brake is raised, A roller member that is interposed between the brake element and the guide member and moves in the vertical direction as the brake element is raised or lowered, and the brake when the elevating body travels at a speed higher than a specified value. In an emergency stop device for an elevator equipped with a brake lifting member that moves the child upward,
When at least one of the brake element and the roller member is not pulled up by the brake element lifting member, the brake element and the roller member are held at the lower limit position of the movable range. And, in a state where the brake element is being lifted by the brake element pull-up member, a rising limit member that allows the brake element and the roller member to rise ,
The rising limit member includes an elastic member that constantly urges one of the brake member and the roller member downwards directly or via another member, and the brake member and the roller member. An emergency stop device for an elevator , comprising a magnet that attracts one of them by magnetic force and holds it at a lower limit position of the movable range .
前記非常止め装置は、前記ガイドレールを介してその両側に配置され、上下方向に移動可能に設けられた制動子と、前記制動子の外側に配置され、前記制動子の上昇又は下降に伴って前記制動子を前記ガイドレールに接近する方向、又は、前記ガイドレールから離隔する方向に案内するガイド部材と、前記制動子の上昇時に前記制動子と前記ガイドレールとの間に挟圧力を付与する弾性体と、前記制動子と前記ガイド部材との間に介設され、前記制動子の上昇又は下降に伴って上下方向に移動するローラ部材と、前記調速機を駆動する調速機ロープに連結された制動子引上げ部材と、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちの少なくともいずれか一方に備えられ、前記制動子引上げ部材による前記制動子の引き上げが行われていない状態では、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材を可動範囲の下限位置に保持し、前記制動子引上げ部材による前記制動子の引き上げが行われている状態では、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のせり上がりを許容するせり上がり制限部材を備え、
前記せり上がり制限部材として、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちのいずれか一方を、直接又は他の部材を介して常時下向きに付勢する弾性部材を備えると共に、前記制動子及び前記ローラ部材のうちのいずれか他方を磁力により吸着し、前記可動範囲の下限位置に保持するマグネットを備えたことを特徴とするエレベータ。 A guide rail provided in the hoistway; a lifting body that is raised and lowered along the guide rail; a speed governor that monitors a traveling speed of the lifting body; and the lifting body, the lifting body being a specified value. In an elevator equipped with an emergency stop device operated by the governor when traveling at the above high speed,
The emergency stop device is disposed on both sides of the guide rail via the guide rail, and is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction. A pinching pressure is applied between the brake member and the guide rail when the brake member is raised, and a guide member that guides the brake member in a direction approaching the guide rail or in a direction away from the guide rail. An elastic body, a roller member that is interposed between the brake element and the guide member and moves in the vertical direction as the brake element is raised or lowered, and a governor rope that drives the governor In a state in which at least one of the brake member pulling member and the brake member and the roller member connected to each other is not pulled up by the brake member pulling member, The brake member and the roller member are held at the lower limit position of the movable range, and the brake member and the roller member are allowed to rise when the brake member is pulled up by the brake member lifting member. With a rising limit member ,
The rising limit member includes an elastic member that constantly urges one of the brake member and the roller member downwards directly or via another member, and the brake member and the roller member. An elevator comprising a magnet that attracts one of them by magnetic force and holds it at a lower limit position of the movable range .
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