JP6284197B2 - 金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法およびその方法により製造された金属ナノ粒子複合体 - Google Patents
金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法およびその方法により製造された金属ナノ粒子複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6284197B2 JP6284197B2 JP2014549783A JP2014549783A JP6284197B2 JP 6284197 B2 JP6284197 B2 JP 6284197B2 JP 2014549783 A JP2014549783 A JP 2014549783A JP 2014549783 A JP2014549783 A JP 2014549783A JP 6284197 B2 JP6284197 B2 JP 6284197B2
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- nickel
- pores
- nanoparticle composite
- metal
- metal nanoparticle
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- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims description 82
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 30
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 title 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 231
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 114
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 93
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 58
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 41
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- KZPXREABEBSAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KZPXREABEBSAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001666 catalytic steam reforming of ethanol Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004687 hexahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LAIZPRYFQUWUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ni+2] LAIZPRYFQUWUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012494 Quartz wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004700 cobalt complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
- B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
- B01J37/344—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy
- B01J37/345—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy of ultraviolet wave energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/061—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing metallic elements added to the zeolite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/064—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/068—Noble metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/064—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/072—Iron group metals or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/076—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/085—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
- B01J29/087—X-type faujasite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/085—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
- B01J29/088—Y-type faujasite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
まず、上述の多孔体を加熱して、多孔体に吸着した吸着水を除去した後、この多孔体と有機金属錯体とを均一に混合する(ステップS1)。
次に、多孔体と有機金属錯体との混合体を、試験管等の反応容器内に入れ、この反応容器の内部を所定の圧力に減圧して反応容器を密封した後、所定時間、所定温度で加熱することにより、有機金属錯体を気化(例えば、昇華)させて、有機金属錯体を多孔体の細孔内に吸着させる(ステップS2)。
次に、多孔体の細孔内に吸着させた有機金属錯体の有機化合物(有機成分である配位子)を分解して、有機金属錯体における金属イオンを多孔体の細孔内に定着させる。より具体的には、例えば、細孔内に有機金属錯体が吸着した多孔体に対して、所定時間、紫外線を照射することにより、有機金属錯体の有機化合物の分解を行う(ステップS3)。
次に、細孔内に有機金属錯体が吸着した多孔体を、還元雰囲気下(例えば、水素雰囲気下)において、所定時間、所定温度で加熱処理することにより、多孔体の細孔内に吸着させた有機金属錯体の有機化合物を分解する(ステップS4)と共に、有機金属錯体における金属カチオンを還元して、多孔体の細孔に金属ナノ粒子が担持された金属ナノ粒子複合体を作製する(ステップS5)。
(金属ナノ粒子(ニッケルナノ粒子)複合体の作製)
Y型ゼオライト(和光純薬(株)製,商品名:合成ゼオライトHS−320粉末ナトリウムY、SiO2/Al2O3=5.5)を、真空中において、600℃で20時間、熱処理し、吸着水を除去した。
上述の有機ニッケル錯体であるビス(シクロペンタジエニル)ニッケル(II)の使用量を82mgに変更したこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様にして、ニッケルナノ粒子複合体を作製した。
次に、実施例1〜2で得られたニッケルナノ粒子複合体におけるゼオライトの比表面積及び細孔容積を算出した。より具体的には、蒸気吸着装置(日本ベル(株)製,商品名:BELSORP 18SP)を使用して、77Kにおける窒素吸脱着測定を行うとともに、BET法を用いた解析により評価した。なお、前処理として、ニッケルナノ粒子複合体を、真空中において、300℃で24時間、加熱した。
一般的な含浸法により、ニッケルを担持したゼオライトを作製した。より具体的には、まず、塩化ニッケル(II)六水和物(SIGMA−ALDRICH製)0.063gを、20mlのイオン交換水に溶解した。
上述の塩化ニッケル(II)六水和物の使用量を0.156gに変更したこと以外は、上述の比較例1と同様にして、ニッケルを担持したゼオライトを作製した。
また、比較例1〜2において、実施例1〜2と同様にして、還元後の試料の比表面積及び細孔容積評価を行った。以上の結果を表1に示す。表1に示すように、比較例1〜2で得られた試料におけるゼオライトの比表面積及び細孔容積は、参考用のゼオライトの比表面積及び細孔容積と同程度であることから、ニッケル粒子はゼオライトの外表面に存在することが示唆された。
上述の特許文献1に記載の方法により、ニッケルを担持したゼオライトを作製した。より具体的には、まず、X型ゼオライト(SIGMA−ALDRICH製,商品名:Molecular Sieves13X)100gを1Mの酢酸アンモニウム水溶液(SIGMA−ALDRICH製)1000ml中に添加し、室温において、24時間、攪拌することにより、ゼオライト中のナトリウムイオンをアンモニウムイオンと交換した。
次いで、固定床流動型の反応装置を使用して、実施例1で得られたニッケルナノ粒子複合体によるエタノールの水蒸気改質反応(反応時間:6時間)を行い、実施例1で得られたニッケルナノ粒子複合体の触媒性能を評価した。
次に、実施例1〜2、及び比較例1〜3で得られた各試料におけるニッケル含有量を測定した。より具体的には、まず、各試料に含まれる有機物やアニオンを除去するために、各試料を大気中において、600℃で3時間加熱した。
次に、有機ニッケル錯体に紫外線を照射した場合の、有機化合物の構造変化について評価した。より具体的には、有機ニッケル錯体であるビス(シクロペンタジエニル)ニッケル(II)を、反応容器である石英製の試験管(外径:12mm、内径:10mm、長さ:100mm)に入れ、この試験管の内部を5〜7Paの圧力に減圧した後、試験管を密封した。次いで、360nmの波長における照度が12mW/cm2であるキセノンランプを紫外線の光源として、ビス(シクロペンタジエニル)ニッケル(II)に対して、72時間、紫外線を照射して、ビス(シクロペンタジエニル)ニッケル(II)の有機成分を分解した。なお、紫外線照射中、12時間毎に、試料管を振とうして、試料の混合を行った。
次いで、定容積の反応容器を使用して、実施例1で得られたニッケルナノ粒子複合体によるアンモニア分解反応を行い、実施例1で得られたニッケルナノ粒子複合体の触媒性能を評価した。
実施例1で得られたニッケルナノ粒子複合体を触媒として使用し、上述のアンモニア分解反応における触媒性能評価を5回繰り返し、長期間の使用による安定性を評価した。なお、各試験の間、試料を室温まで冷却した後、システム内をアルゴンで置換した。以上の結果を図14に示す。
(コバルトナノ粒子複合体の作製)
Y型ゼオライト(和光純薬(株)製,商品名:合成ゼオライトHS−320粉末ナトリウムY、SiO2/Al2O3=5.5)を、真空中において、600℃で20時間、熱処理し、吸着水を除去した。
Claims (7)
- 多孔体の細孔に金属ナノ粒子が担持された金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法であって、
有機金属錯体を前記多孔体の細孔内に吸着させる吸着工程と、
前記細孔内に前記有機金属錯体が吸着した前記多孔体に対して、紫外線を照射することにより、前記多孔体の細孔内に吸着させた前記有機金属錯体の有機化合物を分解する分解工程と、
前記細孔内に前記有機金属錯体が吸着した前記多孔体に対して、還元雰囲気下において、加熱処理を行うことにより、前記多孔体の細孔内に吸着させた前記有機金属錯体の有機化合物を分解すると共に、前記有機金属錯体における金属カチオンを還元して、多孔体の細孔に金属ナノ粒子を担持させる分解還元工程と
を少なくとも備え、
前記分解還元工程において、加熱処理温度が300〜500℃であり、
前記金属ナノ粒子の平均粒子径が1〜5nmであることを特徴とする金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法。 - 前記分解工程において、前記紫外線の照度が、360nmの波長において1〜1000mW/cm2であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法。
- 前記吸着工程において、処理時間が1〜24時間であることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法。
- 前記分解還元工程において、加熱処理時間が0.5〜2時間であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子を構成する金属が、チタン、バナジウム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、及びニッケルからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法。
- 前記多孔体が、ゼオライト、多孔質シリカ、多孔質アルミナ、多孔質炭素、及びMOF(Metal-organic framework)からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法。
- 前記細孔の平均径が5nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の金属ナノ粒子複合体の製造方法。
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