JP6281115B2 - Motor driving method, motor driving apparatus and brushless motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor driving method, a motor driving device, and a brushless method for driving a motor so as to suppress the influence of the overvoltage when a large noise or the like is applied to the power supply line of the motor and the power supply voltage rises to become an overvoltage. It relates to the motor.

  In automobiles, the mounted battery is the power source for the mounted equipment. The vehicle is equipped with many devices. For example, these devices operate in accordance with the situation during traveling. For this reason, the power supply voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery varies greatly compared to the power supply of a general electric device. Further, it is known that when an in-vehicle battery is cut off for some reason while the engine is driven, a transient phenomenon called a load dump occurs and a high voltage is generated in the power supply line.

For this reason, conventionally, a technique for protecting a vehicle-mounted device from an overvoltage such as a surge superimposed on a power supply line of the vehicle-mounted battery has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Such a conventional technique is configured such that, when a surge occurs in the power supply line, the control means controls the blower motor circuit in an energized state while the surge is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage. As a result, the surge flows into the blower motor circuit and is absorbed. The conventional technology uses such a method to reduce the burden on the surge absorbing circuit and the number of surge absorbing elements.

  However, the conventional technology described above is configured such that when a surge occurs when the blower motor is stopped, the blower motor is driven to be energized to operate, and the blower motor absorbs surge energy.

Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for consuming electric power by rotating a motor under a maximum output condition when it is detected that an overvoltage is applied.
Further, in Patent Document 3, when it is detected that an overvoltage is applied, it is usually adjusted so that the energization timing of the phase suitable for the rotation speed is reached, and the advance amount for the purpose of increasing the rotation efficiency of the motor, Conversely, a technique is disclosed in which the winding is energized and driven by reducing the efficiency and increasing the amount of current to energize the winding.

JP-A-11-59159 JP 2000-69786 A International Publication No. 2012/147264

  However, the conventional technique described in Patent Document 1 has a technical problem that when a surge occurs while the blower motor is energized and driven, the surge energy cannot be absorbed more than the surge energy absorbed by the energized drive. There is a problem that the addition of parts is necessary and the product price is increased.

Further, in the conventional configuration described in Patent Document 2, silence is required in the case of a device installed near a living space of a person in a vehicle interior such as a blower motor for cooling a battery in a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. For this reason, the motor is configured to rotate at the maximum output condition and consume power, so that excessive noise is consumed at the same time as excessive noise, reducing the battery capacity and accelerating the battery life. is there.

  In addition, in the conventional configuration described in Patent Document 3, particularly when using at a rotational speed with low power consumption, such as a low-speed rotation in a blower motor or the like for cooling a battery, the amount of charge accumulation due to surge energy is reduced. The amount of current may not be sufficient by changing the advance amount alone, and the current amount increases in proportion to the functional problem that the overvoltage avoidance that is the original purpose cannot be achieved and the amount of change in the advance amount. However, in association with this, noise is increased and the generated sound is an unnatural sound such as a jizzing sound. Therefore, particularly in the case of a blower motor installed in a vehicle interior, there is a problem in that it causes discomfort to humans.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, minimizes noise caused by blowing by changing to a rotational speed at which a necessary minimum current consumption that can absorb surge energy in a load dump is obtained, Furthermore, by keeping the rotational speed substantially constant, it is possible to suppress fluctuations in noise caused by blowing air, so it is possible to suppress overvoltage while maintaining quietness, and by limiting the period for increasing the rotational speed to a predetermined period, A motor driving method, a motor driving device, and a brushless motor that can realize a stable operation as a vehicle system without an abnormality being detected because the rotational speed is returned before the abnormality detection grace time on the control device side of the vehicle is passed. For the purpose.

  In the motor driving method of the present invention described above, in a motor including a stator around which a winding is wound and a rotor that is rotatably arranged facing the stator, the winding is energized and driven according to a predetermined command rotational speed. Rotate. Further, it is determined whether or not the power supply voltage supplied to the motor exceeds a predetermined voltage. If it is determined that the power supply voltage exceeds the predetermined voltage, a predetermined rotation is performed for a predetermined period so that the amount of current passing through the winding increases. The number of rotations is increased to a number, and the winding is energized.

  As a result, when the power supply voltage rises due to the influence of noise or the like and becomes an overvoltage that exceeds a predetermined voltage, the motor increases the current consumption and increases the overvoltage energy by increasing the rotation speed. This can absorb the voltage rise of the power supply line.

  Further, the motor driving method of the present invention notifies the external host device of the actual rotational speed signal indicating the actual rotational speed, and the external host device is monitored to drive according to the command rotational speed. The command rotational speed notified to the motor driving method is compared with the actual rotational speed notified from the motor driving method. For example, a normal driving range with a predetermined width before and after the output rotation speed is set, and when a state that does not fall within the normal driving range continues for a predetermined period, it is detected as an abnormality and transmitted to the operator or the host system. To do. In the motor driving method of the present invention, the rotation speed is changed within a range that does not continuously exceed the grace period for abnormality detection in the external host device, so that abnormality detection of the motor driving method can be avoided.

  Furthermore, the motor drive device of the present invention has a configuration having a function of executing the above-described motor drive method.

With this configuration, it is possible to realize a motor driving device having a function of suppressing a voltage increase of the power supply voltage supplied from the power supply line.
Furthermore, the brushless motor of the present invention has a configuration in which the above-described motor driving device is incorporated or integrated.
With this configuration, it is possible to realize a brushless motor having a function of suppressing a voltage increase of the power supply voltage supplied from the power supply line.

As described above, according to the motor driving method, the motor driving device, and the brushless motor of the present invention, for example, when the power supply voltage becomes an overvoltage due to the influence of noise or the like, the amount of current flowing through the windings eliminates the overvoltage. It operates by changing the number of revolutions so that the minimum amount of current required for the operation is obtained. For this reason, the increase in voltage of the power supply line that occurs during energization driving of the motor is suppressed, operation in a stable power supply environment is enabled, and the minimum amount of current is required. Can be suppressed.

  The motor driving method, motor driving apparatus, and brushless motor of the present invention are typically configured to drive a motor based on, for example, a command rotational speed notified from the host device, and notify the actual motor rotational speed to the host device. In order to return the rotational speed to the command rotational speed within a predetermined period that does not exceed the grace period for abnormality detection that detects that the command rotational speed differs from the actual rotational speed in the host device, an abnormality caused by a change in the rotational speed Detection is not performed, and stability as a vehicle system can be secured.

Further, since the motor speed is changed to the minimum number of revolutions necessary for suppressing the voltage rise, the noise associated with the motor driving can be minimized and returned to the command number of revolutions within the predetermined period. After that, even if the rotation speed is changed again by increasing the voltage, the rotation speed to be changed is a low rotation speed that provides the necessary minimum current amount, and the initial command rotation speed and the rotation speed after the change are changed. The difference in the number is minimized and the fluctuation of noise due to the fluctuation of the rotation speed, that is, the swell of the sound, can be minimized, so even if it is installed in the living space of a person in the passenger compartment, the noise caused by the motor Discomfort felt by people can be reduced.
In addition, the conventional motor drive method such as measurement of power supply voltage, time measurement for the predetermined period, and control of increase / decrease in the number of rotations can be realized with the configuration of the conventional parts, so no additional special parts are required, and the product A motor driving method, a motor driving device, and a brushless motor that do not increase in price can be provided.

The figure which shows the structure of the brushless motor in Embodiment 1 of this invention. Block diagram of a motor drive device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention

Hereinafter, a motor driving method, a motor driving device, and a brushless motor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a brushless motor 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, an example of an inner rotor type brushless motor in which a rotor is rotatably disposed on an inner peripheral side of a stator will be described. The brushless motor according to the present embodiment has a plurality of phases of windings, and each phase is driven and rotated by a signal that is pulse-width modulated (hereinafter referred to as PWM as appropriate).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the brushless motor 10 includes a stator 11, a rotor 12, a circuit board 13, and a motor case 14. The motor case 14 is formed of a sealed cylindrical metal, and the brushless motor 10 has a configuration in which the stator 11, the rotor 12, and the circuit board 13 are accommodated in the motor case 14. The motor case 14 includes a case main body 14a and a case lid 14b. The motor case 14 is substantially sealed by attaching the case lid 14b to the case main body 14a.

  In FIG. 1, the stator 11 is configured by winding a winding 16 for each phase around a stator core 15. In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which a winding 16 divided into three phases of a U phase, a V phase, and a W phase that are 120 degrees out of phase with each other is wound around the stator core 15. The stator iron core 15 has a plurality of salient poles protruding toward the inner peripheral side. Further, the outer peripheral side of the stator core 15 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the outer periphery thereof is fixed to the case main body 14a.

  A rotor 12 is inserted inside the stator 11 via a gap. The rotor 12 holds a cylindrical permanent magnet 18 on the outer periphery of the rotor frame 17, and is disposed so as to be rotatable around a rotating shaft 20 supported by a bearing 19. That is, the front end surface of the salient pole of the stator core 15 and the outer peripheral surface of the permanent magnet 18 are arranged to face each other.

  Further, in the brushless motor 10, a circuit board 13 on which various circuit components 31 are mounted is built in a motor case 14. These circuit components 31 constitute a motor drive device for controlling and driving the motor.

  Further, a position detection sensor 38 such as a Hall element is mounted on the circuit board 13 in order to detect the rotational position of the rotor 12. A support member 21 is attached to the stator core 15, and the circuit board 13 is fixed in the motor case 14 via the support member 21. Ends of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase windings 16 are led out from the stator 11 as lead wires 16 a, and the lead wires 16 a are connected to the circuit board 13.

  To make such a configuration, first, the stator 11 is inserted into the case body 14a and fixed to the inner surface of the case body 14a, and then the rotor 12 and the circuit board 13 are housed in the case body 14a. The case lid 14b is fixed to the case body 14a. With such a procedure, the brushless motor 10 including the position detection sensor and the motor driving device is formed. The brushless motor 10 may have a configuration in which a motor driving device is integrated.

  In particular, since the motor case 14 is made of metal and has a shielding effect, electromagnetic noise radiated to the outside from the circuit board 13 and the stator 11 can be suppressed. Further, since the stator core 15 is directly fixed to the case main body 14a, heat generated in the stator 11 can be radiated to the outside through the metal motor case 14.

  By supplying a power supply voltage and a control signal from the outside to the brushless motor 10 configured as described above, a driving current flows through the winding 16 by the motor driving device of the circuit board 13, and a magnetic field is generated from the stator iron core 15. Occur. The magnetic field from the stator iron core 15 and the magnetic field from the permanent magnet 18 generate an attractive force and a repulsive force according to the polarities of the magnetic fields, and the rotor 12 rotates around the rotating shaft 20 by these forces.

  Next, the motor drive device of the present embodiment configured by the position detection sensor 38 and the circuit component 31 mounted on the circuit board 13 will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the motor driving device 40 of the brushless motor 10 in the present embodiment.

  The motor drive device 40 includes a rotation control unit 41, an inverter 42, a rotation position detection unit 43, a voltage measurement unit 51, and an overvoltage determination unit 52 along with position detection sensors 38 corresponding to the three phases. Further, in order to operate each circuit of the motor drive device 40, the power supply voltage Vcc is supplied from the power supply line Pw to the power supply terminal 50. For example, in the case of a vehicle, the power supply voltage Vcc is supplied from a battery mounted on the vehicle via the power supply line Pw. Further, the motor drive device 40 is supplied with a rotation command signal Rr for instructing, for example, a rotation speed (rpm) per minute as a command rotation speed and a command speed together with various commands and a control signal Cnt from an external host device or the like. Will be notified.

The rotation command signal Rr is notified to the rotation control unit 41. The rotation control unit 41 is notified of the detection speed signal Rv generated by the rotation position detection unit 43 as the detected rotation speed. In the present embodiment, an example is given in which the rotational position of the rotor 12 is detected and the detection speed signal Rv is generated based on the detected position information. The rotation control unit 41 notifies, for example, an actual rotation speed signal Rvo indicating a rotation speed per minute (rpm) as an actual rotation speed or an actual speed from the detection speed signal Rv to the host device, etc., and detects the rotation command signal Rr. Based on the speed signal Rv, a rotation control signal (not shown) indicating a driving amount to the winding 16 is generated, and a waveform signal (not shown) for driving the winding 16 is generated for each phase from the generated rotation control signal. A drive pulse signal Pd is generated for each of the generated waveform signals as modulation signals.

  Specifically, the rotational position detector 43 performs, for example, a differentiation operation on the position information based on the position sensor signal Det from the position detection sensor 38, calculates the rotational speed of the rotor 12, and outputs it as a detected speed signal Rv. doing. The rotation control unit 41 obtains a deviation between the rotation command signal Rr indicating the command rotation number and the detection speed signal Rv indicating the detected rotation number calculated by the rotation position detection unit 43.

  And the rotation control part 41 produces | generates the rotation control signal which shows the torque amount according to deviation so that it may rotate with the actual speed according to instruction | command rotation speed. The rotation control unit 41 generates a waveform signal for driving the winding 16 for each phase from the generated rotation control signal. When the winding 16 is driven with a sine wave, the waveform signal is a sine wave signal. When the winding 16 is driven with a rectangular wave, the waveform signal is a rectangular wave signal. The amplitude of the waveform signal is determined according to the rotation control signal. Then, pulse width modulation (PWM) is performed on each of the waveform signals generated for each phase as modulation signals. In this way, the drive pulse signal Pd, which is a pulse train signal pulse-width modulated with the waveform signal, is supplied to the inverter 42.

  The inverter 42 energizes the winding 16 for each phase based on the drive pulse signal Pd to drive the winding 16. The inverter 42 includes a switching element connected to the positive side of the power source and a switching element connected to the negative side for each of the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase. Further, the opposite power supply sides of both the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side are connected to each other, and this connection portion serves as a drive output end portion for driving the winding 16 from the inverter 42.

  The U-phase drive output end Uo is connected to the winding 16U, the V-phase drive output end Vo is connected to the winding 16V, and the W-phase drive output end Wo is connected to the winding 16W via the lead wire 16a. Connected. In each phase, when the switch element is turned on / off by the drive pulse signal Pd, a drive current flows from the drive output end to the winding 16 via the switch element that is turned on from the power source. Here, since the drive pulse signal Pd is a signal obtained by pulse-width-modulating the waveform signal, the respective windings 16 are energized with the drive current corresponding to the waveform signal by turning on / off each switch element in this way. .

  With the above-described configuration, a feedback control loop for controlling the rotation speed of the rotor 12 according to the rotation command signal Rr is formed. That is, in the present embodiment, the rotor 12 is rotated by feedback control so that the rotor 12 rotates following the command rotational speed.

Next, a configuration for generating the detection speed signal Rv will be described.
First, the position detection sensor 38 mounted on the circuit board 13 detects a magnetic pole change of the permanent magnet 18 of the rotating rotor 12 and outputs it as a position sensor signal Det. The position sensor signal Det is supplied to the rotational position detector 43.

  The rotation position detection unit 43 generates the detection speed signal Rv using the position sensor signal Det as described above, and supplies the detection speed signal Rv to the rotation control unit 41.

  In the present embodiment, the motor speed is changed based on the power supply voltage Vcc. In order to achieve such a configuration, the present embodiment includes a voltage measurement unit 51 and an overvoltage determination unit 52.

  The voltage measurement unit 51 measures the voltage value of the power supply voltage Vcc supplied to the power supply terminal 50 and notifies the overvoltage determination unit 52 of the measured power supply voltage value Vt. The overvoltage determination unit 52 determines whether the supplied power supply voltage Vcc is an overvoltage exceeding a predetermined voltage, and notifies the rotation control unit 41 of the determination result as an overvoltage determination signal Vov. In order to perform such an operation, the overvoltage determination unit 52 holds a threshold voltage Vth that is a predetermined voltage value, for example. When the power supply voltage value Vt from the voltage measuring unit 51 becomes a voltage value exceeding the threshold voltage Vth, it is determined as an overvoltage, and when the power supply voltage value Vt is a voltage value not exceeding the threshold voltage Vth, it is determined that it is not an overvoltage. An overvoltage determination signal Vov based on the determination is output.

  The rotation control unit 41 supplies a drive pulse signal Pd based on the rotation command signal Pr to the inverter 42 as normal operation when the overvoltage determination signal Vov is not determined to be an overvoltage.

  Further, when the overvoltage determination signal Vov determines that the overvoltage is detected, the rotation control unit 41 supplies the inverter 42 with a drive pulse signal Pd based on a rotation speed Rrc (not shown) that increases the amount of current flowing through the winding 16. To do.

  In addition, the host device connected to the motor drive device 40 may have a difference between the rotation command signal Rr notified to the motor drive device 40 and the actual rotation speed signal Rvo notified from the motor drive device 40 within a predetermined range. For example, it is determined that the motor drive device 40 is operating normally, and if the motor drive device 40 is continuously out of the predetermined range for a predetermined abnormality detection grace period in which it is determined to be abnormal, it is detected as abnormal. When an abnormality is detected, for example, notification of an abnormality to a higher system such as an abnormality monitoring device or a warning display for notifying the operator of the abnormality is performed.

  Therefore, when the overvoltage determination unit 52 determines that the overvoltage is determined to be an overvoltage, the motor drive device 40 according to the present embodiment changes the rotation speed Rrc so that the amount of current flowing through the winding 16 is increased. Within the period, the rotation command signal Rr indicating the command rotation speed is returned. In order to adopt such a configuration, a timer 53 is provided in the present embodiment.

  The rotation control unit 41 notifies the timer 53 of the time measurement start signal Ts when the driving is changed to the driving based on the rotation speed Rrc. When the time measurement start signal Ts is notified, the timer 53 starts measuring time, and when the predetermined period expires, the timer 53 notifies the rotation control unit 41 of a time measurement period expiration signal Tf indicating that the time measurement has expired. To do. When notified of the time measurement period expiration signal Tf, the rotation control unit 41 switches from driving based on the rotation speed Rrc to driving based on the rotation command signal Rr.

  As described above, the motor drive device 40 supplies the inverter 42 with the drive pulse signal Pd based on the rotational speed Rrc that increases the amount of current flowing through the winding 16 when the overvoltage determination unit 52 determines that the voltage is overvoltage. The drive pulse signal Pd based on the rotation command signal Rr from the host device is supplied to the inverter 42 after the predetermined period expires.

In the present embodiment, since the motor drive device 40 has such a configuration, for example, when surge or noise is superimposed on the power supply line and the capacitor of the power supply line is charged and the power supply voltage Vcc becomes overvoltage, the surge The rotational speed Rrc is changed so that the minimum amount of current that can sufficiently absorb the energy of the overvoltage generated by the above is consumed. As a result, the voltage rise of the power supply line Pw is suppressed with the minimum necessary current consumption, the fluctuation of the power supply voltage Vcc due to the influence of a surge or noise is reduced, and the stable operation of the brushless motor 10 and the power supply line Pw are reduced. It also ensures stable operation of other connected electrical equipment. In addition, since the number of rotations of the motor is minimized and noise is low and high quietness is obtained, an operation suitable for installation in a living space of a person such as a passenger compartment can be realized.

  In the present embodiment, the voltage measurement unit 51 measures the voltage value of the power supply voltage Vcc supplied to the power supply terminal 50 and notifies the overvoltage determination unit 52 of the measured power supply voltage value Vt. The configuration is such that the power supply voltage value Vt is also notified to the rotation control unit 41, and the rotation control unit 41 determines the voltage value Vt at the time when the overvoltage determination signal Vov determines the overvoltage from the overvoltage determination unit 52 and the rotation of the motor. A comparison is made with a voltage value Vt2 (not shown) after a lapse of a predetermined time until the rotation is stabilized by switching from the rotation command signal Rr to the rotation speed Rrc, and when the voltage value Vt2 still exceeds the voltage value Vt, the power supply voltage Vcc It is determined that the amount of increase in current consumption due to the increase in the rotational speed is insufficient.

  For example, the rotation control unit 41 holds a predetermined rotation speed increase amount Rri (not shown), and drives the motor by changing the rotation of the motor to a rotation speed Rrc + Rri added to the rotation speed Rrc. Similarly, when the current voltage value exceeds the previous voltage value, the current consumption is increased by increasing the rotation speed step by step by repeatedly adding the rotation speed Rri to the current rotation speed. It is also possible to adopt a configuration that can eliminate overvoltage. By adopting such a configuration, for example, even when the voltage rise of the power supply voltage Vcc due to surge energy or the like is large, it is possible to flexibly increase the current consumption by increasing the rotation speed, and to reliably eliminate the overvoltage. it can.

  When the current voltage value is lower than the previous voltage value, the current rotation speed is held as a rotation speed Rrl (not shown) that can secure the current consumption necessary for eliminating the overvoltage, and it is determined that it is an overvoltage after the next time. When this is done, the last stored Rrl may be adopted as the changed rotation speed to be applied first, instead of the rotation speed Rrc.

  By adopting such a configuration, for example, when the occurrence of power failure is the same, such as surge energy due to load dump due to battery removal, and once the same voltage rise due to vehicle vibration, etc. By maintaining an optimum rotation speed capable of eliminating the overvoltage and starting the change of the rotation speed from the rotation speed when it is determined as an overvoltage, the time until the overvoltage is eliminated can be shortened.

In the present embodiment, the voltage measurement unit 51 measures the voltage value of the power supply voltage Vcc supplied to the power supply terminal 50 and notifies the overvoltage determination unit 52 of the measured power supply voltage value Vt. The power supply voltage value Vt is also notified to the rotation control unit 41, and the rotation control unit 41 has a predetermined voltage value lower than the threshold voltage Vth that is the predetermined voltage value for determining whether the voltage is overvoltage or after startup. When the voltage value exceeds Vth2 (not shown), the power supply voltage value Vt is held at a predetermined time interval ΔT, and the power supply voltage value Vt2 (not shown) notified at the predetermined time interval ΔT is notified last time. Voltage rise per unit time as a result (Vt2−Vt1) / ΔT obtained by dividing the result of the difference Vt2−Vt1 from the held power supply voltage value Vt1 (not shown) by the predetermined time interval ΔT The seek. When the voltage increase rate is a negative value, it indicates that the voltage is decreasing, and thus the subsequent processing is not performed. If the voltage increase rate is a positive value, the change speed to eliminate the overvoltage
For example, it is divided into three groups from the higher voltage increase rate, the first group is assigned a predetermined rotation speed Rtbl1 as the rotation speed with a large current consumption, and the third group is the rotation speed with a small current consumption. A predetermined rotation speed Rtbl3 smaller than the rotation speed Rtbl1 is assigned to the second group, and the second group is assigned a rotation speed Rtbl2 that is smaller than the rotation speed Rtbl1 and has a current consumption larger than the rotation speed Rtbl3. A rotation speed table corresponding to the magnitude of the rate of increase is held.

  The rotation control unit 41 searches for a group applicable to the voltage increase rate, selects any one of the rotation speed Rtbl1 to the rotation speed Rtbl3 held in advance corresponding to the searched group, and an overvoltage determination unit If the overvoltage is determined in 52, the rotation of the motor is switched from the rotation command signal Rr to any one of the rotation speed Rtbl1 to the rotation speed Rtbl3 selected last in the rotation speed table. It is good also as a structure.

  By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to drive the motor at an optimum rotational speed at which the current consumption is commensurate with the degree of voltage increase immediately after being determined as overvoltage. When overvoltage is eliminated in a short time with current consumption and the rate of voltage increase is low, overcurrent can be reliably eliminated by lowering both current consumption and rotation speed, and operation with low noise and high quietness can be performed. .

  In addition, here, the rotation control unit 41 is not activated or exceeds a predetermined voltage value Vth2 (not shown) that is lower than the threshold voltage Vth that is the predetermined voltage value for determining whether the voltage is an overvoltage. The power supply voltage value Vt is held, but the power supply voltage value Vt may be held immediately before the threshold voltage Vth is exceeded or immediately after the threshold voltage Vth that is the predetermined voltage value is exceeded.

Here, the voltage increase rate is the voltage increase rate per unit time (Vt2−Vt1) / ΔT. However, the voltage Vt4 immediately after exceeding the threshold voltage Vth and a predetermined value immediately after exceeding the threshold voltage Vth. The voltage increase rate may be obtained from the voltage increase rate (Vt3−Vt4) / T3 from the voltage Vt3 after the elapse of time T3.
Further, in the present embodiment, the motor drive device 40 is configured to change to the rotation speed Rrc when the overvoltage determination unit 52 determines that it is an overvoltage, and to return to the rotation command signal Rr within the abnormality detection grace period. The command rotational speed Rr different from the actual rotational speed is indicated as the actual rotational speed while changing to the rotational speed Rrc without returning to the rotational command signal Rr within the abnormality detection grace period. It is good also as a structure which notifies a high-order unit etc. as real rotation speed signal Rvo.

  In order to adopt such a configuration, the rotation control unit 41 in the present embodiment, while driving the motor at a rotational speed different from the command rotational speed Rr, indicates the actual rotational speed signal indicating the actual rotational speed. It is good also as a structure notified to a high-order unit etc. as Rvo.

  By adopting such a configuration, even if the motor is driven at a rotational speed different from the command rotational speed Rr while it is determined as an overvoltage, a stable vehicle system in which an abnormality is not detected by the host device. Can be configured. Further, since the motor rotation is not returned to the command rotation speed Rr while it is determined as an overvoltage, there is little fluctuation in the rotation of the motor, and noise can be suppressed low.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when the power supply voltage value Vt from the voltage measuring unit 51 exceeds the threshold voltage Vth, the motor driving device 40 determines that the voltage is an overvoltage and outputs an overvoltage determination signal Vov based on this determination. However, when the power supply voltage value Vt from the voltage measuring unit 51 becomes a voltage value exceeding a predetermined voltage larger than the threshold voltage Vth, the winding 16 is configured by configuring the inverter 42, for example, by switching the current flow. It judges that it is a protection overvoltage for preventing electronic parts, such as a switching element for controlling the energization to an overvoltage, from being destroyed by an excessive voltage, and stops driving the motor.

In order to perform such an operation, the overvoltage determination unit 52 holds a second threshold voltage Vth2 (not shown) that is larger than a threshold voltage Vth that is a predetermined voltage value, for example. When the power supply voltage value Vt from the voltage measurement unit 51 becomes a voltage value exceeding the second threshold voltage Vth2, the overvoltage determination unit 52 determines that the overvoltage is a protection overvoltage, and the power supply voltage value Vt does not exceed the second threshold voltage Vth2. When it is a voltage value, it is determined that it is not a protective overvoltage, and an overvoltage determination signal Vov based on this determination is output.

  When it is determined that the overvoltage determination signal Vov is a protective overvoltage, the rotation control unit 41 stops supplying the drive pulse signal Pd to the inverter 42. By adopting such a configuration, the switching elements constituting the inverter 42 can be protected from electrical breakdown by not driving the motor in a state where a voltage higher than the voltage that the inverter 42 can withstand is applied. Yes.

  In the present embodiment, the overvoltage determination unit 52 determines whether the supplied power supply voltage Vcc is an overvoltage exceeding a predetermined voltage, notifies the rotation control unit 41 of the determination result as an overvoltage determination signal Vov, When the voltage value does not exceed the predetermined voltage, it is determined that there is no overvoltage, and an overvoltage determination signal Vov based on this determination is output. The predetermined voltage for determining that it is not overvoltage is lower than the predetermined voltage. By providing a hysteresis between the predetermined voltage that is determined to be an overvoltage and a third predetermined voltage that is determined not to be an overvoltage by setting the predetermined voltage of 3 to a voltage before and after the predetermined voltage. Even when the value fluctuates, the motor can be driven stably without fluctuations in the rotational speed.

  In order to perform such an operation, the overvoltage determination unit 52 holds a threshold voltage Vth3 (not shown) that is the third predetermined voltage value lower than the threshold voltage Vth, for example. When the power supply voltage value Vt from the voltage measurement unit 51 reaches a voltage value exceeding the threshold voltage Vth, the overvoltage determination unit 52 determines that it is an overvoltage, not when the power supply voltage value Vt is a voltage value that does not exceed the threshold voltage Vth. When the voltage value does not exceed the threshold voltage Vth3, it is determined that there is no overvoltage, and an overvoltage determination signal Vov based on this determination is output.

  By adopting such a configuration, the overvoltage determination unit 52 determines that the power supply voltage value Vt from the voltage measurement unit 51 exceeds the threshold voltage Vth and determines that it is an overvoltage. By changing to a rotational speed greater than the number Rr, the current consumption increases, and even if the power supply voltage value Vt decreases, it is returned to the command rotational speed Rr until the voltage value is equal to or lower than the threshold voltage Vth3. Do not drive the motor. As a result, even if there is a voltage fluctuation in which the power supply voltage value Vt from the voltage measuring unit 51 rises or falls within a short time from the threshold voltage Vth, the motor drive with low fluctuations and low noise can be realized. Yes.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the overvoltage determination unit 52 determines that the voltage is overvoltage, and the rotation control unit 41 increases the current consumption by increasing the rotation speed to be greater than the command rotation speed Rr, thereby eliminating the overvoltage. It is preferable to set a maximum rotational speed Rmax that is a limit value when the rotational speed is increased. That is, when the increased number of rotations exceeds the maximum number of rotations Rmaxwo, a process for limiting the number of rotations to the maximum number of rotations Rmax may be added.

Further, as one specific method for realizing the motor driving device, for example, a microcomputer is mounted on the circuit board 13 to incorporate the function of the motor driving device 40 as a program, and the processing of each step of the motor driving method is executed. What is necessary is just to comprise. By comprising in this way, the process containing this motor drive device can be performed more flexibly, for example.
As described above, the example of the motor driving device 40 has been described. However, a configuration including a motor driving method that performs the same function may be used.

And the brushless motor of this invention is the structure which incorporated the above-mentioned motor drive device or integrated.
In the present invention, when the power supply voltage rises due to, for example, a surge or noise and becomes an overvoltage that exceeds a predetermined voltage, the present invention is stepped to a predetermined rotational speed or to a predetermined rotational speed. Increase the number of currents by increasing the rotational speed. And the energy of the overvoltage which raised the voltage by this operation | movement is absorbed. In addition, when the host device is configured to compare the command rotational speed with the actual actual rotational speed and detect an abnormality when the command rotational speed and the actual rotational speed are continuously different for a predetermined period, the predetermined period In addition, by returning to the initial command rotational speed, it is possible to avoid abnormality detection of the host device. Therefore, according to the present invention, a motor driving method and a motor driving device that can suppress an increase in the voltage of the power supply line with a minimum current consumption and enable a stable operation and an operation with high quietness in an unstable power supply environment. In addition, a brushless motor can be provided.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The motor driving method, motor driving device, and brushless motor according to the present invention can be used in electrical equipment because it can suppress a voltage increase in the power supply line that occurs during energization driving and enables stable operation in an unstable power supply environment. In particular, it is suitable to be used for in-vehicle use in which the fluctuation of the power supply voltage is severe. Moreover, since high silence can be obtained, it is suitable for installation in a living space of a person such as a passenger compartment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Brushless motor 11 Stator 12 Rotor 13 Circuit board 14 Motor case 14a Case main body 14b Case lid 15 Stator core 16, 16U, 16V, 16W Winding 16a Lead wire 17 Rotor frame 18 Permanent magnet 19 Bearing 20 Rotating shaft 21 Support member 31 Circuit Component 38 Position detection sensor 40 Motor drive device 41 Rotation control unit 42 Inverter 43 Rotation position detection unit 50 Power supply terminal 51 Voltage measurement unit 52 Overvoltage determination unit 53 Timer

Claims (8)

Against the motor including a rotor that is rotatably disposed opposite to the stator and the stator winding a winding wire,
Rotation control means for driving and controlling the motor according to a predetermined command rotational speed from the host device;
Voltage measuring means for measuring the voltage of the power supplied to the motor ,
Said rotation control means, the voltage when the voltage measured by the measuring means is greater than or equal to the first predetermined voltage, changes to drive to makes the chromophore at the distal end over motor drive said motor at a predetermined rotational speed higher than the command rotation speed Because
Further, a rotational position detecting means for detecting the rotational position of the rotor and notifying the rotational control means,
Rotation increasing time measuring means for measuring time from a time point when the voltage measured by the voltage measuring means becomes equal to or higher than the first predetermined voltage, to a predetermined time,
The rotation control means, when the measurement time in the rotation increase time measurement means reaches the predetermined time, drives and controls the motor according to the predetermined command rotational speed for a predetermined period,
Further, the actual rotational speed that is actually driven is obtained based on the rotational position detected by the rotational position detecting means, and the actual rotational speed is notified to the host device outside the motor drive device. Motor drive device. Against the motor including a rotor that is rotatably disposed opposite to the stator and the stator winding a winding wire,
Rotation control means for driving and controlling the motor according to a predetermined command rotational speed from the host device;
Voltage measuring means for measuring the voltage of the power supplied to the motor ,
Said rotation control means, the voltage when the voltage measured by the measuring means is greater than or equal to the first predetermined voltage, changes to drive to makes the chromophore at the distal end over motor drive said motor at a predetermined rotational speed higher than the command rotation speed Because
Further, a rotational position detecting means for detecting the rotational position of the rotor and notifying the rotational control means,
Rotation increasing time measuring means for measuring time from a time point when the voltage measured by the voltage measuring means becomes equal to or higher than the first predetermined voltage, to a predetermined time,
The rotation control means reaches the predetermined time measured by the rotation increase time measuring means.
Then, for a predetermined period, the motor is driven and controlled according to the predetermined command rotational speed,
Further, the rotation control means notifies the predetermined command rotational speed to the host device outside the motor drive device while controlling the drive of the motor at a rotational speed different from the predetermined command rotational speed. The motor drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. Said rotation control means when the voltage measured by the voltage measuring means is equal to or greater than the first predetermined voltage, the rotation speed every predetermined increment at predetermined time intervals until the increase in the voltage of the power supply starts to descend the motor drive device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that to increase. The predetermined amount of increase is increased until the voltage measured by the voltage measuring means is equal to or higher than the first predetermined voltage or when the rate of increase in a predetermined time unit after the voltage exceeds the predetermined voltage is high. 4. The motor drive device according to claim 3 , wherein the motor drive device is set and the predetermined increase amount is set small when the rate of increase in the time unit is low. When the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit falls below a second predetermined voltage that is the same as or lower than the first predetermined voltage, the rotation control unit causes the motor to follow the predetermined command rotational speed. The motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the motor drive device is returned to normal drive control. Said rotation control means when the voltage measured by the voltage measuring means is equal to or higher than the first higher than the predetermined voltage the third predetermined voltage, claim 1, characterized in that stops driving of said motor The motor driving device according to any one of 5 . A motor driving method characterized in that the means included in the motor driving device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 can be executed. A brushless motor, wherein the motor driving device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is incorporated or integrated.

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