JP6271249B2 - Spraying mortar - Google Patents
Spraying mortar Download PDFInfo
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- JP6271249B2 JP6271249B2 JP2013273634A JP2013273634A JP6271249B2 JP 6271249 B2 JP6271249 B2 JP 6271249B2 JP 2013273634 A JP2013273634 A JP 2013273634A JP 2013273634 A JP2013273634 A JP 2013273634A JP 6271249 B2 JP6271249 B2 JP 6271249B2
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- mortar
- mass
- spraying
- aggregate
- concrete
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title claims description 87
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004281 calcium formate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940044172 calcium formate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019255 calcium formate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011086 calcium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011433 polymer cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 setting retarder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1C(C(=O)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002498 Beta-glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001612 Hydroxyethyl starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002310 Welan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001576 calcium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011396 hydraulic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013821 hydroxy alkyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001341 hydroxy propyl starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920013819 hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940050526 hydroxyethylstarch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013828 hydroxypropyl starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、吹付け用モルタルに関する。詳しくは、コンクリートに接合させたときに、コンクリートとの一体性が高い吹付け用モルタルに関する。また、本発明は吹付けモルタルの施工方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a mortar for spraying. Specifically, the present invention relates to a mortar for spraying that is highly integrated with concrete when it is joined to concrete. Moreover, this invention relates to the construction method of spraying mortar.
コンクリートの表面又は内部にモルタルを被覆、充填又は配設し、コンクリートとモルタルを接合させることが行われている。例えば、劣化したコンクリート構造物（鉄筋コンクリート構造物を含む。）をモルタルで補修する場合においても、コンクリートにモルタルを接合させることが行われる（例えば、特許文献１〜３参照）。コンクリート構造物の劣化した部分をコンクリートの健全な部分が露出するまでコンクリートハンマーで斫り取る等して除去する。その後、除去したコンクリートの代わりに補修用モルタルを配設（打設）する。また、コンクリート構造物の耐震補強工事においても、コンクリートにモルタルを接合することが行われている。更に、補修工事や補強工事だけではなく、新設のコンクリート製構造物においても、コンクリートにモルタルを接合することが行われている。コンクリート構造物の補修や補強に用いられるモルタルとして、コンクリート躯体と同程度の圧縮強度のモルタルを選定されることも多い。 A mortar is coated, filled or disposed on the surface or inside of concrete, and the concrete and mortar are joined. For example, even when a deteriorated concrete structure (including a reinforced concrete structure) is repaired with mortar, the mortar is bonded to the concrete (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 3). Remove the deteriorated part of the concrete structure by scraping it with a concrete hammer until a healthy part of the concrete is exposed. After that, repair mortar is disposed (placed) instead of the removed concrete. Also, in the seismic reinforcement work for concrete structures, mortar is joined to concrete. Furthermore, in addition to repair work and reinforcement work, mortar is also bonded to concrete in new concrete structures. As a mortar used for repairing and reinforcing concrete structures, a mortar having a compressive strength comparable to that of a concrete frame is often selected.
ところで、受ける外力に対して、コンクリートと接合したモルタルが一体となり、同じ挙動を示すことが望まれる。しかし、同一強度のコンクリートとモルタルを比較した場合に、外力に対する変形性能、歪応答性に違いが生じる。外力が硬化体の最大耐力のおよそ３０％を超え５０％に至る付近においては粗骨材とモルタル界面の境界付着層に微細ひび割れが発生しひずみが増大する。また最大耐力の７０％を超えるとモルタル中の細骨材とセメントペースト界面の境界付着層に微細ひび割れが発生する。コンクリートの構造にかかわる部位の一部を同一強度のモルタルで修復した場合、最大耐力の３０％を超える外力が加わるとコンクリートのひずみ量に対しモルタルのひずみ量は小さくなる。即ち、モルタル部分に荷重集中が起こり、最悪の場合はモルタルが損傷を受ける。またコンクリートとモルタルの挙動の差から、両者の界面付近に大きなストレスが生じ、繰返しによりひび割れや界面剥離が起こる。従って、コンクリートと接合させたときに、コンクリートとより一体化することのできるモルタル、特に、外力を受けてもコンクリートと一体化を維持できるモルタルが望まれていた。 By the way, it is desirable that the mortar joined to the concrete is integrated with the external force to be received and exhibits the same behavior. However, when concrete and mortar of the same strength are compared, there is a difference in deformation performance and strain response to external forces. In the vicinity where the external force exceeds approximately 30% and reaches 50% of the maximum yield strength of the hardened body, fine cracks occur in the boundary adhesion layer between the coarse aggregate and the mortar interface, and the strain increases. On the other hand, if it exceeds 70% of the maximum proof stress, fine cracks occur in the boundary adhesion layer between the fine aggregate and cement paste in the mortar. When a part of the part related to the concrete structure is repaired with mortar having the same strength, when an external force exceeding 30% of the maximum proof stress is applied, the strain amount of the mortar becomes smaller than the strain amount of the concrete. That is, load concentration occurs in the mortar portion, and in the worst case, the mortar is damaged. In addition, due to the difference in behavior between concrete and mortar, a large stress is generated near the interface between the two, and cracks and interfacial debonding occur due to repetition. Therefore, there has been a demand for a mortar that can be more integrated with concrete when it is bonded to concrete, particularly a mortar that can maintain integration with concrete even under external force.
上記のコンクリート表面にモルタルを接合する方法として、吹付け工法を行うことも多い。この吹付け工法には、吹付け用モルタルが用いられる。 As a method of joining mortar to the above concrete surface, a spraying method is often performed. A mortar for spraying is used for this spraying method.
本発明は前記問題の解決、即ち、本発明は、コンクリートと接合させたときに、コンクリートとの一体性に優れる吹付け用モルタルを提供することを目的とする。また、本発明は、コンクリートと接合させたときに、外力を受けてもコンクリートと一体性を維持できる吹付け用モルタルを提供することを目的とする。また、コンクリート表面に一度に塗布できるモルタルの厚みが厚くとも垂れを生じ難く、且つコンクリートとの一体性に優れる吹付け用モルタルを提供することを目的とする。また、本発明は、コンクリート表面に一度に塗布できるモルタルの厚みが厚くとも垂れを生じ難く、且つコンクリートとの一体性に優れる吹付け用モルタルを吹付けられる吹付けモルタルの施工方法を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a mortar for spraying that solves the above-described problems, that is, the present invention has excellent integrity with concrete when bonded to concrete. Another object of the present invention is to provide a mortar for spraying that can maintain integrity with concrete even when subjected to an external force when bonded to concrete. It is another object of the present invention to provide a mortar for spraying that is unlikely to sag even if the thickness of the mortar that can be applied to the concrete surface at a time is large and that has excellent integrity with the concrete. Further, the present invention provides a method for constructing a spray mortar that is capable of spraying a mortar for spraying that is unlikely to sag even if the thickness of the mortar that can be applied to a concrete surface at a time is large and that is excellent in integration with concrete. With the goal.
本発明者は、前記課題解決のため鋭意検討した結果、セメントと、特定の粒度の骨材を特定量含有させることにより、上記課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。即ち、本発明は、以下の（１）〜（３）で表す吹付け用モルタル、並びに（４）で表す吹付けモルタルの施工方法である。
（１）粒径２．５〜５．０mmの骨材を８〜４０質量％含有し、粒径８．０mm超の骨材の含有率が１質量％以下であり、更に、セメントと、増粘剤０．００５〜１質量％とを含有し、更に、ギ酸カルシウム、酢酸カルシウム、乳酸カルシウム、尿素から選ばれる１種又は２種以上を０．０１〜４質量％含有し、上記骨材が玉砂利、川砂利、砕石、珪石、川砂、砕砂、珪砂、スラグ骨材、再生骨材から選ばれる１種又は２種以上である吹付け用モルタル。
（２）更に、フライアッシュ及びメタカオリンから選ばれる１種又は２種以上を５〜２０質量％含有する上記（１）の吹付け用モルタル。
（３）更に、膨張材、石膏、アルカリ金属硫酸塩、セルロース微粉末から選ばれる１種又は２種以上含有する上記（１）又は（２）の吹付け用モルタル。
（４）上記（１）〜（３）の何れかの吹付け用モルタルと水との混練物を、スクイズ式ポンプを用いて内径１．５〜２．０インチの圧送ホース内を圧送させ、該ホースに連通する吹出し口内径が３０〜５０mmのリングガンの該吹出し口より、圧縮空気を用いて前記混練物をコンクリートに吹付けることを特徴とする吹付けモルタルの施工方法。
As a result of intensive studies for solving the above problems, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by containing a specific amount of cement and aggregate of a specific particle size, and have completed the present invention. That is, this invention is the construction method of the spraying mortar represented by the following (1)- (3) and the spraying mortar represented by (4).
(1) the aggregate particle size 2.5~5.0mm containing 8 to 40 wt%, the content of the particle size 8.0mm than the aggregate of not more than 1 mass%, further, cement, increasing It contains 0.005 to 1% by mass of a sticking agent, and further contains 0.01 to 4% by mass of one or more selected from calcium formate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, and urea, and the aggregate is gravel, river gravel, crushed stone, silica, river sand, crushed sand, silica sand, slag aggregate, one or more der Ru spraying mortar selected from recycled aggregate.
(2) The mortar for spraying according to (1), further containing 5 to 20% by mass of one or more selected from fly ash and metakaolin.
(3) In addition, the expansion member, gypsum, alkali metal sulfate, one or the containing two or more (1) or for spraying mortar (2) is selected from powder cellulose fines.
(4) The kneaded product of the mortar for spraying and water in any one of (1) to (3) above is pumped inside a pumping hose having an inner diameter of 1.5 to 2.0 inches using a squeeze pump, A spraying mortar construction method, characterized in that the kneaded material is sprayed onto the concrete using compressed air from the outlet of a ring gun having an inner diameter of 30 to 50 mm which communicates with the hose.
本発明によれば、コンクリートと接合させたときに、コンクリートとの一体性に優れる吹付け用モルタルが得られる。本発明によれば、コンクリートと接合させたときに、外力を受けてもコンクリートと一体化を維持できる吹付け用モルタルが得られる。また、本発明によれば、コンクリートと接合する吹付け用モルタルとの一体性に優れるので、耐久性に優れるコンクリート構造物が得られる。また、また、本発明によれば、コンクリート表面に一度に塗布できるモルタルの厚みが厚くとも垂れを生じ難く、且つコンクリートとの一体性に優れる吹付け用モルタルを吹付けられる吹付けモルタルの施工方法が得られる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, when it makes it join with concrete, the mortar for spraying excellent in the integrity with concrete is obtained. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, when it joins with concrete, even if it receives external force, the mortar for spraying which can maintain integration with concrete is obtained. Moreover, according to this invention, since it is excellent in the integrity with the mortar for spraying joined to concrete, the concrete structure excellent in durability is obtained. In addition, according to the present invention, a method for applying a spraying mortar, in which a mortar that can be applied to a concrete surface at one time is less likely to sag even if the thickness of the mortar is thick and has excellent integrity with concrete, is applied. Is obtained.
本発明の吹付け用モルタルは、粒径２．５〜５．０mmの骨材を１０〜５０質量％含有し、粒径８．０mm超の骨材の含有率が１質量％以下であり、更に、セメントと、増粘剤０．００５〜１質量％とを含有し、更に、ギ酸カルシウム、酢酸カルシウム、乳酸カルシウム、尿素から選ばれる１種又は２種以上を０．０１〜４質量％含有し、上記骨材が玉砂利、川砂利、砕石、珪石、川砂、砕砂、珪砂、スラグ骨材、再生骨材から選ばれる１種又は２種以上である。ここで、粒径２．５〜５．０mmの骨材とは、公称呼び寸法２．５mm（公称目開き（以下「目開き」と云う。）２．３６mm）の篩に留まり且つ目開き４．７５mmの篩を通過する骨材を云う。また、本発明で云う「質量％」は、特段断らない限りにおいては、吹付け用モルタルの質量から水及び液状混和材料の合計質量を除いた質量を１００質量％（基準）としたときの質量％を云い、吹付け用モルタルがプレミックスモルタルのときは、プレミックスモルタルの全質量（セメント、粉体混和材料及び絶乾状態の骨材の合計質量）を１００質量％（基準）としたときの質量％を云う。
The spraying mortar of the present invention contains 10 to 50% by mass of aggregate having a particle size of 2.5 to 5.0 mm, and the content of aggregate having a particle size of more than 8.0 mm is 1% by mass or less. Furthermore, it contains cement and a thickener 0.005 to 1% by mass, and further contains 0.01 to 4% by mass of one or more selected from calcium formate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate and urea. and, the aggregate is gravel, river gravel, crushed stone, silica, river sand, crushed sand, silica sand, slag aggregate, Ru der one or more selected from the recycled aggregate. Here, the aggregate having a particle size of 2.5 to 5.0 mm means that it remains on the sieve having a nominal size of 2.5 mm (nominal opening (hereinafter referred to as “opening”) 2.36 mm) and has an opening of 4 .Aggregates that pass through a 75 mm sieve. Further, “mass%” in the present invention means the mass when the mass obtained by subtracting the total mass of water and the liquid admixture from the mass of the mortar for spraying is 100 mass% (reference) unless otherwise specified. When the spraying mortar is premixed mortar, the total mass of the premixed mortar (the total mass of cement, powder admixture and absolutely dry aggregate) is 100% by mass (standard) % By mass.
本発明の吹付け用モルタルは、粒径２．５〜５．０mmの骨材（以下、「准粗骨材」と云うことがある。）を１０〜５０質量％含有することで、外力に対する歪の挙動が、一般的なモルタル（骨材として粒径２．５mm以下の骨材のみ含むモルタル、以下「一般モルタル」と云うことがある。）よりもコンクリートに近く、コンクリートの接合面（本発明の吹付け用モルタルとの界面）における密着性が高く、且つポンプ圧送性にも優れる。また、骨材の沈降も起こり難い。准粗骨材が５０質量％を超えると、骨材の沈降が起こる虞があり、又ポンプによる圧送性が低下するため、施工性に難がある。また、。准粗骨材が１０質量％未満であると、准粗骨材を含有する効果が乏しく、一般モルタルと変わらない。本発明の吹付け用モルタルにおいて、准粗骨材の含有率を好ましくは１５〜４６質量％とすることが好ましく、更に好ましくは２０〜４６質量％とする。 The spraying mortar according to the present invention contains 10 to 50% by mass of an aggregate having a particle size of 2.5 to 5.0 mm (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “quasi-coarse aggregate”). The strain behavior is closer to concrete than general mortar (mortar containing only aggregates with a particle size of 2.5 mm or less as aggregate, sometimes referred to as “general mortar”). The adhesiveness at the interface with the spraying mortar of the invention is high, and the pumpability is also excellent. Aggregation does not easily occur. When the semi-coarse aggregate exceeds 50% by mass, the aggregate may be settled, and the pumpability by the pump is lowered, so that the workability is difficult. Also,. When the amount of the quasi-coarse aggregate is less than 10% by mass, the effect of containing the quasi-coarse aggregate is poor, which is the same as general mortar. In the spraying mortar of the present invention, the content of the semi-coarse aggregate is preferably 15 to 46% by mass, and more preferably 20 to 46% by mass.
本発明に用いる准粗骨材としては、上記粒径の骨材であればよく、例えば、玉砂利、川砂利、砕石、珪石、川砂、砕砂、珪砂、スラグ骨材、再生骨材等が好ましい例として挙げられ、これらのうち上記粒径のものが使用でき、２種以上を併用してもよい。また、コンクリート用粗骨材や道路用砕石の篩い分けの際に得られる「びり」と呼ばれる粒径５．０mm以下の小砂利は、准粗骨材として好適である。また、用いる准粗骨材の形状としては、球形に近いものがより好適である。 As the associate coarse aggregate used in the present invention, any aggregate having the above particle diameter may be used. For example, boulder gravel, river gravel, crushed stone, silica stone, river sand, crushed sand, quartz sand, slag aggregate, recycled aggregate and the like are preferable examples. Among them, those having the above particle diameter can be used, and two or more kinds may be used in combination. Further, small gravel having a particle size of 5.0 mm or less called “chatter” obtained when sieving coarse aggregate for concrete or crushed stone for road is suitable as a quasi-coarse aggregate. Moreover, as a shape of the associate coarse aggregate to be used, a shape close to a spherical shape is more preferable.
本発明の吹付け用モルタルには、骨材として准粗骨材以外の骨材が含まれていてもよい。粒径５．０mmを超える骨材、即ち目開き４．７５mmの篩に留まる骨材を含有するときは、目開き８．０mmの篩に留まる骨材が１質量％以下とする。好ましくは、目開き８．０mmの篩に留まる骨材が全く無い、即ち全通することが好ましい。目開き８．０mmの篩に留まる骨材が１質量％を超えると、ホース内又は吹付けガン内部でモルタルが詰まる虞がある。また、粒径５．０mmを超える骨材の含有量は、ポンプ圧送性に優れることから、１０質量％以下とすることが好ましく、より好ましくは７質量％以下とする。また、粒径２．５mm以下の骨材、即ち目開き２．３６mmの篩を通過する骨材を含有することが、コンクリートの接合面における密着性が高く、ポンプ圧送性にも優れ且つ骨材の沈降も起こり難いことから好ましく、粒径２．５mm以下の骨材の含有率は５〜８０％とすることが好ましく、１０〜６０質量％とすることがより好ましい。 The spraying mortar of the present invention may contain an aggregate other than the semi-coarse aggregate as an aggregate. When an aggregate having a particle size exceeding 5.0 mm, that is, an aggregate that remains on a sieve having an opening of 4.75 mm, the aggregate remaining on the sieve having an opening of 8.0 mm is 1% by mass or less. Preferably, there is no aggregate remaining on the sieve having an aperture of 8.0 mm, that is, it is preferable to pass through the whole. If the aggregate remaining on the sieve having a mesh size of 8.0 mm exceeds 1% by mass, the mortar may be clogged in the hose or the spray gun. The aggregate content exceeding 5.0 mm is preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 7% by mass or less because of excellent pumpability. In addition, it contains an aggregate having a particle size of 2.5 mm or less, that is, an aggregate that passes through a sieve having an aperture of 2.36 mm, has high adhesion at the joint surface of the concrete, has excellent pumpability, and aggregate It is preferable that sedimentation of the steel particles does not easily occur, and the content ratio of the aggregate having a particle size of 2.5 mm or less is preferably 5 to 80%, more preferably 10 to 60% by mass.
本発明に用いるセメントは、水硬性セメントであればよく、例えば普通、早強、超早強、低熱及び中庸熱の各種ポルトランドセメント、エコセメント及びポルトランドセメントに含まれないビーライトセメント等のケイ酸カルシウム鉱物を主成分とするセメント（ケイ酸カルシウム鉱物を５０質量％以上含むセメント）、並びに、これらのケイ酸カルシウム鉱物を主成分とするセメントに、フライアッシュ、高炉スラグ粉末、シリカフューム又は石灰石微粉末等を混合した各種混合セメント、太平洋セメント社製「スーパージェットセメント」（商品名）や住友大阪セメント社製「ジェットセメント」（商品名）等の超速硬セメント、アルミナセメント等が挙げられ、これらの一種又は二種以上を使用することができる。ワービリティを損ない難く可使時間が長く確保し易いことから、各種ポルトランドセメント、エコセメント、ポルトランドセメントに含まれないビーライトセメント及び各種混合セメントから選ばれる一種又は二種以上を使用することが好ましい。 The cement used in the present invention may be a hydraulic cement, for example, ordinary, early strength, ultra-early strength, low heat and moderate heat Portland cement, eco-cement, and belite cement not included in Portland cement. Cement containing calcium mineral as a main component (cement containing 50 mass% or more calcium silicate mineral), and cement containing these calcium silicate minerals as main components, fly ash, blast furnace slag powder, silica fume, or limestone fine powder Etc., various super-hard cements such as “Super Jet Cement” (trade name) manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Co., Ltd., “Jet Cement” (trade name) manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., etc. One kind or two or more kinds can be used. It is preferable to use one or more selected from various portland cements, eco cements, belite cements not included in portland cements, and various mixed cements because it is difficult to impair the workability and it is easy to ensure a long pot life. .
本発明の吹付け用モルタルにおいて、フライアッシュ、メタカオリン等のポゾランから選ばれる１種又は２種以上を含むことで、准粗骨材を所定量含有しても垂れが生じ難く且つコンクリート構造物の大断面修復に用いても必要な均一性が得られ易いことから好ましい。高炉スラグ微粉末，フライアッシュ，メタカオリンから選ばれる１種又は２種以上を用いる場合は３〜２０質量％とすることが好ましく、シリカフュームを用いる場合は０．５〜５質量％とすることが好ましい。 In the mortar for spraying of the present invention, by containing one or two or more kinds selected from pozzolans such as fly ash and metakaolin, dripping does not easily occur even if a predetermined amount of the quasi-coarse aggregate is contained, and the concrete structure Even if it is used for repairing a large cross section, it is preferable because necessary uniformity is easily obtained. When using 1 type or 2 or more types chosen from blast furnace slag fine powder, fly ash, and metakaolin, it is preferable to set it as 3-20 mass%, and when using a silica fume, it is preferable to set it as 0.5-5 mass%. .
更に、本発明に膨張材を含有することがコンクリートとの長期的な一体化の点で好ましい。本発明に用いる膨張材としては、水和により例えば水酸化カルシウムやエトリンガイト等の水和物の結晶が成長し、嵩体積が大きくなる物質を主要成分とするものであれば何れのものでも良く、具体的には、生石灰、カルシウムサルホアルミネート、無水石膏、マグネシア、石灰系膨張材、エトリンガイト系膨張材等が好適な例として挙げられ、これら又はこれらに類する物質の一種又は二種以上を使用することが可能である。膨張材の含有率は、好ましくは０．５〜４質量％、更に好ましくは０．５〜２質量％とする。少ないと効果なく、多いと過膨張による破壊の虞がある。膨張材がブレーン比表面積３５００cm２／ｇ以上の石灰系膨張材を含有し且つ石膏及びアルカリ金属硫酸塩を含有するとさらに好ましい。石膏としては無水石膏及び／または半水石膏を主成分とするものが好ましく、石膏の含有率は０．２〜１０質量％，さらに好ましくは０．８〜７質量％とすることが好ましい。アルカリ金属硫酸塩は好ましくは０．０８〜０．８質量％，さらに好ましくは０．１〜０．５質量％。これらは少ないと効果がなく，多いと遅れ膨張による破壊の虞がある。 Furthermore, it is preferable that the present invention contains an expansion material in terms of long-term integration with concrete. As the expansion material used in the present invention, any material may be used as long as a hydrated crystal such as calcium hydroxide or ettringite grows by hydration and a substance having a large bulk volume is used as a main component. Specifically, quick lime, calcium sulfoaluminate, anhydrous gypsum, magnesia, lime-based expansive material, ettringite-based expansive material and the like are preferable examples, and one or two or more of these or similar substances are used. It is possible. The content of the expansion material is preferably 0.5 to 4% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 2% by mass. If it is small, there is no effect. More preferably, the expansion material contains a lime-based expansion material having a Blaine specific surface area of 3500 cm 2 / g or more and contains gypsum and an alkali metal sulfate. The gypsum is preferably composed mainly of anhydrous gypsum and / or hemihydrate gypsum, and the gypsum content is preferably 0.2 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.8 to 7% by mass. The alkali metal sulfate is preferably 0.08 to 0.8 mass%, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mass%. If these are small, there is no effect, and if they are large, there is a risk of destruction due to delayed expansion.
本発明の吹付け用モルタルには、ギ酸カルシウム，酢酸カルシウム，乳酸カルシウム，尿素から選ばれる１種又は２種以上を含有することが、コンクリートとの長期的な一体化の点及び垂れを抑制する点で更に好ましい。これらの好ましい含有率は０．０１〜４質量％、更に好ましくは０．０５〜２質量％とする。少ないと効果はほとんど得られず，多いとギ酸カルシウム，酢酸カルシウム，乳酸カルシウムではシマリが早く可使時間が確保できなくなり、尿素が多いと再結晶膨張圧での破壊の虞がある。 The spraying mortar of the present invention contains one or more selected from calcium formate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, and urea to suppress long-term integration and dripping with concrete. More preferable in terms. These preferable content rates are 0.01-4 mass%, More preferably, you may be 0.05-2 mass%. If the amount is too small, almost no effect can be obtained. If the amount is large, the use of calcium formate, calcium acetate, and calcium lactate is fast and the pot life cannot be secured. If the amount of urea is large, there is a risk of destruction due to recrystallization expansion pressure.
本発明の吹付け用モルタルには、セルロース微粉末を含有することが、材料分離抵抗性に優れ、圧送管の管壁との滑りが向上しポンプ圧送性が向上し施工性に優れることから好ましい。セルロース微粉末の好ましい含有率は０．０５〜１質量％、更に好ましくは０．１〜０．５質量％とする。少ないと効果はほとんど得られず，多すぎると、コンクリートとの付着力が低下する虞がある。 It is preferable that the spraying mortar of the present invention contains fine cellulose powder because it has excellent material separation resistance, improved sliding with the pipe wall of the pumping pipe, improved pump pumpability, and excellent workability. . A preferable content of the fine cellulose powder is 0.05 to 1% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by mass. If the amount is too small, the effect is hardly obtained. If the amount is too large, there is a possibility that the adhesion force to the concrete is lowered.
本発明の吹付け用モルタルには、上記のセメント、ポゾラン、スラグ粉末及び膨張材を合わせた結合材を、１０〜４５質量％含有することがコンクリートとの一体性を得る点、垂れが生じ難く且つ一度に吹付けられるモルタルの厚みを厚くすることができる点等から好ましく、更に、２０〜４０質量％とする。結合材が少ないと強度の低下、耐久性の低下等が起こる虞がある。 The spraying mortar of the present invention contains 10 to 45% by mass of a binder that is a combination of the above cement, pozzolanic powder, slag powder, and expandable material, so that it is easy to sag from the point that it can be integrated with concrete. And it is preferable from the point etc. which can thicken the thickness of the mortar sprayed at once, and also set it as 20-40 mass%. If the amount of the binder is small, there is a possibility that the strength is lowered and the durability is lowered.
本発明の吹付け用モルタルには、上記のセメント、骨材及び混和材料以外に、他の混和材料から選ばれる一種又は二種以上を本発明の効果を実質損なわない範囲で併用することができる。この混和材料としては、例えば消泡剤、防水材、防錆剤、収縮低減剤、保水剤、顔料、上記以外の繊維、撥水剤、発泡剤、白華防止剤、急結剤（材）、急硬剤（材）、凝結遅延剤、空気連行剤、表面硬化剤等が挙げられる。また、本発明で使用される混和材料は、粉末状でも液状でも使用可能であるが、液状の混和材料の場合には、他の粉体又は顆粒状の成分（担体）に吸着させ見かけ上粉体状又は顆粒状とした上で用いることが好ましい。ここで用いる担体としては、シリカ粉末等の他、セメント、骨材或いは粉末状又は顆粒状の混和材料を用いてもよい。 In the spraying mortar of the present invention, in addition to the above cement, aggregate and admixture, one or more selected from other admixtures can be used in combination as long as the effects of the present invention are not substantially impaired. . Examples of such admixtures include antifoaming agents, waterproofing agents, rust preventives, shrinkage reducing agents, water retention agents, pigments, fibers other than those mentioned above, water repellents, foaming agents, whitening prevention agents, and quick setting agents (materials). , Rapid hardening agent (material), setting retarder, air entraining agent, surface hardening agent and the like. The admixture used in the present invention can be used in the form of powder or liquid, but in the case of liquid admixture, it is adsorbed on other powder or granular components (carrier) and apparently powder. It is preferable to use it after making it into a body or granule. As the carrier used here, in addition to silica powder and the like, cement, aggregate, or powder or granular admixture may be used.
本発明に増粘剤を用いる場合は、例えばヒドロキシエチルセルロース（ＨＥＣ）、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース（ＨＰＣ）等のヒドロキシアルキルセルロース、或いは、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース(ＨＥＭＣ)、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(ＨＰＭＣ)、ヒドロキシエチルエチルセルロース(ＨＥＥＣ)等のヒドロキシアルキルアルキルセルロース等の水溶性セルロース；アルギン酸、β−１，３グルカン、プルラン、ウェランガム等の多糖類；アクリル樹脂やポリビニルアルコール等のポリビニル化合物；メチルスターチ，エチルスターチ，プロピルスターチ又はメチルプロピルスターチ等のアルキルスターチ、ヒドロキシエチルスターチ又はヒドロキシプロピルスターチ等のヒドロキシアルキルスターチ、或いは、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルスターチ等のヒドロキシアルキルアルキルスターチ等スターチエーテル等が挙げられ、これらの一種又は二種以上の使用が可能である。また、本発明に用いる増粘剤としては、プレミックスし易いことから、粉末のもの（粉末増粘剤）が好ましい。増粘剤の含有率は０．００５〜１質量％とすることが流動性の確保及び材料分離抵抗性が得られることから好ましい。更に好ましくは０．０２〜０．５質量％とする。少ないと材料分離・骨材沈降、多すぎると流動性低下、ポンプ圧送性低下の虞がある。 When a thickener is used in the present invention, for example, hydroxyalkyl cellulose such as hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), or hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose ( HEEC) and other water-soluble celluloses such as hydroxyalkylalkyl celluloses; polysaccharides such as alginic acid, β-1,3 glucan, pullulan and welan gum; polyvinyl compounds such as acrylic resins and polyvinyl alcohol; methyl starch, ethyl starch, propyl starch or Alkyl starch such as methylpropyl starch, hydroxyalkyl starch such as hydroxyethyl starch or hydroxypropyl starch, or hydroxy Hydroxyalkyl alkyl starch such as starch ethers such as propyl starch and the like, it is possible to use alone or in combination. Moreover, as a thickener used for this invention, since it is easy to premix, the thing of a powder (powder thickener) is preferable. The content of the thickener is preferably 0.005 to 1% by mass from the viewpoint of ensuring fluidity and material separation resistance. More preferably, it is 0.02-0.5 mass%. If the amount is too small, there is a risk of material separation and aggregate sedimentation. If the amount is too large, fluidity and pumpability may decrease.
また、本発明に減水剤を用いる場合は、減水剤の種類は特に限定されず、減水剤、高性能減水剤、ＡＥ減水剤、高性能ＡＥ減水剤、流動化剤等のセメント分散剤を用いることができ、例えば、ポリカルボン酸塩系セメント分散剤、ナフタレンスルホン酸塩系セメント分散剤、メラミンスルホン酸塩系セメント分散剤及びリグニンスルホン酸塩系セメント分散剤が挙げられ、これらの１種又は２種以上を用いることができる。用いる減水剤としては、粉末状高性能減水剤又は粉末状高性能ＡＥ減水剤を用いると、高い付着強度を得易いことから好ましい。また、本発明に用いる減水剤としては、プレミックスし易いことから、粉末のもの（粉末減水剤）が好ましい。減水剤の含有率は、０．０１〜５質量％とすることが高い流動性が得られ且つ材慮分離し難いことから好ましい。より高い流動性が得られ易く且つ垂れが起こり難く材料分離抵抗性に優れることから、減水剤の含有率は、０．０５〜２質量％とすることがより好ましい。 Further, when the water reducing agent is used in the present invention, the type of the water reducing agent is not particularly limited, and a cement dispersant such as a water reducing agent, a high performance water reducing agent, an AE water reducing agent, a high performance AE water reducing agent, a fluidizing agent, or the like is used. For example, polycarboxylate based cement dispersants, naphthalene sulfonate based cement dispersants, melamine sulfonate based cement dispersants and lignin sulfonate based cement dispersants. Two or more kinds can be used. As the water reducing agent to be used, it is preferable to use a powdery high performance water reducing agent or a powdery high performance AE water reducing agent because high adhesion strength can be easily obtained. Moreover, as a water reducing agent used for this invention, since it is easy to premix, the thing (powder water reducing agent) of a powder is preferable. The content of the water reducing agent is preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass because high fluidity is obtained and material separation is difficult. It is more preferable that the content of the water reducing agent is 0.05 to 2% by mass because higher fluidity is easily obtained and dripping hardly occurs and the material separation resistance is excellent.
また、本発明にポリマーディスパージョンを用いることができ、通常ポリマーセメントモルタルに用いられるものであれば何れも使用可能であり、アクリル系樹脂、スチレン・アクリル共重合系樹脂、スチレン・ブタジエン共重合系樹脂、酢酸ビニル系樹脂、酢酸ビニル・ベオバ共重合系樹脂、メチルメタクリレート・ブタジエン共重合系樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂及びこれらの変性樹脂のポリマーディスパージョンが挙げられる。変性樹脂とは、例えばカルボキシル変性、エポキシ変性、シリコン変性等された樹脂をいう。ポリマーディスパージョンは、上記樹脂を水に乳化して安定化された液体状のもの、又は水により再乳化するものであれば粉末状（再乳化型粉末樹脂）でもよく、何れか１種又は２種以上を併用してもよい。ポリマーディスパージョンの含有率は、不揮発成分換算で１〜１２質量％が好ましく、２〜８質量％が更に好ましい。少ないとポリマーディスパージョンを添加する効果が得られず、多過ぎると強度低下、垂れが生じる虞及びポンプ圧送性の低下の虞がある。 In addition, a polymer dispersion can be used in the present invention, and any of those usually used in polymer cement mortars can be used. Acrylic resins, styrene / acrylic copolymer resins, styrene / butadiene copolymer systems Examples thereof include resins, vinyl acetate resins, vinyl acetate / veova copolymer resins, methyl methacrylate / butadiene copolymer resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, and polymer dispersions of these modified resins. The modified resin refers to, for example, a resin modified with carboxyl, epoxy, or silicon. The polymer dispersion may be a liquid that is stabilized by emulsifying the resin in water, or a powder (re-emulsifying powder resin) as long as it is re-emulsified with water. More than one species may be used in combination. The content of the polymer dispersion is preferably 1 to 12% by mass and more preferably 2 to 8% by mass in terms of nonvolatile components. If the amount is too small, the effect of adding the polymer dispersion cannot be obtained. If the amount is too large, the strength may decrease, the sag may occur, and the pumpability may decrease.
また、本発明の吹付け用モルタルには、急結成分や急硬成分を添加することができる。例えば、カルシウムアルミネート等の粉体急結剤も添加可能であるが、硫酸アルミニウム水溶液やアルミン酸ナトリウム水溶液等の液体状の急硬成分を上記の吹付ガンのガン先等で添加することもできる。 Moreover, a quick setting component and a quick hardening component can be added to the mortar for spraying of this invention. For example, a powder quick-setting agent such as calcium aluminate can be added, but a liquid quick-hardening component such as an aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate or an aqueous solution of sodium aluminate can also be added at the tip of the above spray gun. .
本発明の吹付け用モルタルは、含まれる結合材の質量１００質量部に対し、３０〜６０質量部の水と混練して用いることが好ましい。即ち、水結合材比（Ｗ／Ｂ）３０〜６０％とすることが好ましい。このときの水量は、水性の液状混和材料（例えば液体減水剤やゴムラテックス。）を添加する場合は、吹付け用モルタルに添加する水性の液状混和材料に含まれる水の量も考慮する。また、混練に用いる器具や混練装置も特に限定されないが、ミキサを用いることが量を多く混練できるので好ましい。用いることのできるミキサとしては連続式ミキサでもバッチ式ミキサでも良く、例えばパン型コンクリートミキサ、パグミル型コンクリートミキサ、重力式コンクリートミキサ、グラウトミキサ、ハンドミキサ、左官ミキサ等が挙げられる。 The spray mortar of the present invention is preferably used by kneading with 30 to 60 parts by mass of water with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder contained. That is, the water binder ratio (W / B) is preferably 30 to 60%. The amount of water at this time also takes into account the amount of water contained in the aqueous liquid admixture added to the mortar for spraying when an aqueous liquid admixture (for example, a liquid water reducing agent or rubber latex) is added. Moreover, although the apparatus and kneading apparatus used for kneading are not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a mixer because a large amount can be kneaded. The mixer that can be used may be a continuous mixer or a batch mixer, such as a pan concrete mixer, a pug mill concrete mixer, a gravity concrete mixer, a grout mixer, a hand mixer, and a plaster mixer.
本発明の吹付け用モルタルは、通常のセメントモルタル又はポリマーセメントモルタルの吹付けに用いられる方法や装置を用いることができる。吹付け用モルタルの圧送には、例えばスクイズポンプと内径１．５〜２インチホースを用いて行うことができる。スクイズポンプとしては、２００Ｖ、３．７ｋＷ以上の能力のものが好ましい。圧送距離は１００ｍ以内が好ましい。用いる吹付ノズルとしては、吹出し口内径が３０〜５０mmのリングガンが好適に用いることができる。口径が３０mmよりも小さいと骨材が詰まる虞があり、５０mmよりも大きいと大量の圧縮空気が必要とするためコンプレッサが大型化する。用いるコンプレッサの吐出圧は０．６ＭＰａ以上、吐出空気量は０．８ｍ３／min以上が好ましく、１．５ｍ３／min以上がより好ましい。 The spraying mortar of the present invention may be a method or apparatus used for spraying ordinary cement mortar or polymer cement mortar. For example, a squeeze pump and an inner diameter of 1.5 to 2 inches hose can be used to pump the mortar for spraying. A squeeze pump having a capacity of 200 V, 3.7 kW or more is preferable. The pumping distance is preferably within 100 m. As the spray nozzle to be used, a ring gun having an outlet inner diameter of 30 to 50 mm can be suitably used. If the diameter is smaller than 30 mm, the aggregate may be clogged. If the diameter is larger than 50 mm, a large amount of compressed air is required, and the compressor becomes large. The discharge pressure of the compressor used is 0.6 MPa or more, and the discharge air amount is preferably 0.8 m 3 / min or more, more preferably 1.5 m 3 / min or more.
［実施例１］
以下に示す材料を用いて表１に示す配合割合の吹付け用モルタルを、１００Ｌパン型左官ミキサを用い２分間混合することで９種類(実施品１〜５及び参考品１〜４)作製した。
＜使用材料＞
セメント：普通ポルトランドセメント，太平洋セメント社製，密度 3.16 ｇ／cm３
減水剤１： ポリカルボン酸系粉末高性能減水剤，太平洋マテリアル社製，NF-200（商品名）
減水剤２： ナフタレンスルホン酸系粉末高性能減水剤，花王社製，マイティ100（商品名）
高炉スラグ微粉末： 新日鉄住金社製，スピリッツ4000（商品名），ブレーン比表面積 4000 cm２／ｇ
フライアッシュ： 常磐火力産業社製，ＪＩＳ II種
メタカオリン： ＢＡＳＦ社製，MetaMax HRM（商品名），平均粒径 1.2μｍ
シリカフューム： チェルヤビンスク製，フェロシリコン副生シリカフューム，ＢＥＴ比表面積 19 m２／ｇ
膨張材１：低ブレーンタイプ 太平洋マテリアル製石灰系膨張材，ブレーン比表面積 2300 cm２／ｇ
膨張材２：高ブレーンタイプ 太平洋マテリアル製石灰系膨張材，ブレーン比表面積 4600 cm２／ｇ
無水石膏：フッ酸副生II型無水石膏，ブレーン比表面積 7000 cm２／ｇ
無水硫酸ナトリウム： 一級試薬
ギ酸カルシウム：一級試薬
酢酸カルシウム：一級試薬
乳酸カルシウム：一級試薬
尿素：一級試薬
細骨材１（≦2.5mm）：愛知県三河産珪砂，絶乾砂，F.M.；2.5
准粗骨材（2.5〜5.0mm）：茨城県鹿島産珪石，絶乾砂
増粘剤１：セルロースエーテル，松本油脂社製，マーポローズ90MP-4T（商品名）
増粘剤２：スターチエーテル ＢＡＳＦ社製，Starvis SE25F （商品名）
繊維： 東和織物社製，タフバインダー（商品名）５mm
セルロース微粉末：レッテンマイヤー社製，Arbocel PWC500 （商品名）
ポリマーディスパージョン１：スチレンアクリル系再乳化型ポリマーディスパージョン，ＢＡＳＦ社製，Acronal S430P（商品名）
[Example 1]
Nine types (Examples 1 to 5 and Reference Products 1 to 4) were prepared by mixing the mortar for spraying shown in Table 1 using the materials shown below for 2 minutes using a 100 L pan-type plastering mixer. .
<Materials used>
Cement: Ordinary Portland cement, Taiheiyo Cement, density 3.16 g / cm 3
Water reducing agent 1: Polycarboxylic acid powder high-performance water reducing agent, manufactured by Taiheiyo Materials Co., Ltd., NF-200 (trade name)
Water reducing agent 2: Naphthalenesulfonic acid powder high-performance water reducing agent, manufactured by Kao Corporation, Mighty 100 (trade name)
Blast furnace slag fine powder: Nippon Steel & Sumikin Co., Ltd., Spirits 4000 (trade name), Blaine specific surface area 4000 cm 2 / g
Fly ash: Joban Thermal Power Industry Co., Ltd., JIS type II
Metakaolin: manufactured by BASF, MetaMax HRM (trade name), average particle size 1.2 μm
Silica fume: manufactured by Cheryabinsk, ferrosilicon by-product silica fume, BET specific surface area 19 m 2 / g
Expandable material 1: Low-brane type Pacific material lime-based expanded material, specific surface area of brain 2300 cm 2 / g
Expandable material 2: High-brane type Pacific material lime-based expanded material, specific surface area of brain 4600 cm 2 / g
Anhydrous gypsum: hydrofluoric acid by-product type II anhydrous gypsum, Blaine specific surface area 7000 cm 2 / g
Anhydrous sodium sulfate: First grade reagent
Calcium formate: first grade reagent
Calcium acetate: first grade reagent
Calcium lactate: first grade reagent
Urea: first grade reagent
Fine aggregate 1 (≦ 2.5mm): Silica sand from Mikawa, Aichi, dry sand, FM; 2.5
Semi-coarse aggregate (2.5-5.0mm): quartzite from Kashima, Ibaraki, absolutely dry sand
Thickener 1: Cellulose ether, manufactured by Matsumoto Yushi Co., Marporose 90MP-4T (trade name)
Thickener 2: Starch Ether BASF, Starvis SE25F (trade name)
Fiber: Towa Textile Co., Ltd., Tough binder (trade name) 5mm
Cellulose fine powder: Arbocel PWC500 (trade name), manufactured by Rettenmeier
Polymer dispersion 1: Styrene acrylic re-emulsification type polymer dispersion, manufactured by BASF, Acronis S430P (trade name)
作製した吹付け用モルタルについて、以下に示す品質評価試験を行った。その結果を表２に示した。
＜品質試験方法＞
・施工性評価
下面をサンドブラストしたコンクリート板に下方から吹付けで施工して鏝で均した。１０cm厚を仕上げるのに要する施工回数を評価。４回以内を合格とした。その後屋外にて材齢２８日まで置いた後付着試験に供した。。
・付着試験
上記により施工した試験体をφ５０mmのコアドリルにてコアリングし、鋼製治具を取り付けてアムスラー型万能試験機にて付着強度を測定。付着強度は１．５ Ｎ／mm２以上を以って合格とし、その際の破断箇所の評価は、躯体コンクリート／断面修復材（吹付け用モルタル）界面の破断を非とした。
・負荷試験体
厚さ２００mm，幅３００mm，長さ２２００mm，使用鉄筋D１０ ＳＤ３４５，鉄筋比０．５とした鉄筋コンクリート製模擬スラブを基材とした。長さ方向の中央部８００mmの下面厚さ１００mmを切欠き、表面をサンドブラスト処理を行った。同箇所にそれぞれの断面修復材（吹付け用モルタル混練物）にて断面修復を行う。屋外にて材齢３か月まで置いた後、試験に供した。
・負荷試験
同試験体を断面修復部を下側とし、支店間距離２０００mmとして設置する。その中央部に振幅０．３mm，振動周波数４Ｈｚで下向きに振動負荷を与える。期間は７日間とした。
・負荷後の付着試験
断面修復部について上述と同様の方法にて試験を実施。評価も同様とした。
・吸水によるひび割れ幅の確認
断面修復部を付着試験同様にコアリングし、顔料で青く着色した水に２４時間浸漬する。その後割裂し、付着界面部分に着色したひび割れ幅をクラックゲージにて読み取る。０．０５mm以上を以って一体性が低下していると評価した。
About the produced spraying mortar, the quality evaluation test shown below was done. The results are shown in Table 2.
<Quality test method>
・ Evaluation of workability A concrete plate with the bottom surface sandblasted was sprayed from below and leveled. Evaluate the number of installations required to finish 10cm thick. Within 4 times was accepted. Thereafter, the material was placed outdoors until the age of 28 days, and then subjected to an adhesion test. .
・ Adhesion test The test specimen constructed above was cored with a φ50mm core drill, a steel jig was attached, and the adhesion strength was measured with an Amsler universal testing machine. The adhesion strength was 1.5 N / mm 2 or more, and the evaluation was made at the fracture location, where the fracture at the interface of the concrete frame / restoring material (spraying mortar) was not considered.
-Load test specimen A reinforced concrete simulated slab having a thickness of 200 mm, a width of 300 mm, a length of 2200 mm, a steel bar D10 SD345, and a steel bar ratio of 0.5 was used as a base material. A bottom surface of 100 mm in the lengthwise central portion of 800 mm was cut out, and the surface was sandblasted. The cross section is repaired with each cross-section repair material (sprayed mortar kneaded material) at the same location. After leaving outdoors until the age of 3 months, it was subjected to the test.
・ Load test The test specimen shall be installed with the cross-section repair part at the bottom and a distance between branches of 2000 mm. A vibration load is applied downward in the center with an amplitude of 0.3 mm and a vibration frequency of 4 Hz. The period was 7 days.
・ Adhesion test after loading The cross-section repaired part was tested in the same way as described above. The evaluation was also the same.
-Confirmation of crack width by water absorption The cross-section repaired part is cored in the same manner as the adhesion test, and immersed in water colored blue with a pigment for 24 hours. Then, the crack is split and the crack width colored on the adhesion interface is read with a crack gauge. It was evaluated that the integrity was lowered by 0.05 mm or more.
本発明の実施例に当たる吹付け用モルタル（本発明品１〜５）を用い混練することで作製した吹付け用モルタル混練物は、何れも厚付けすることができた。また、本発明の実施例に当たる吹付け用モルタル（本発明品１〜５）を用い混練することで作製した吹付け用モルタル混練物は、何れも付着試験（材齢２８日、負荷後ともに）２Ｎ／mm２以上と値が高く、且つコンクリートとモルタルの界面での破断は見られず、優れた結果であった。 Any of the sprayed mortar kneaded materials produced by kneading using the spraying mortars (invention products 1 to 5) corresponding to the examples of the present invention could be thickened. In addition, each of the sprayed mortar kneaded materials produced by kneading using the spraying mortar corresponding to the examples of the present invention (product 1 to 5 of the present invention) is an adhesion test (both 28 days old and after loading). The value was as high as 2 N / mm 2 or more, and no fracture was observed at the interface between the concrete and the mortar, which was an excellent result.
本発明の吹付け用モルタルは、コンクリート製土木構造物やコンクリート製建築構造物の構築又は補修等に用いることができる。また、本発明の吹付け用モルタルは、コンクリート構造物の大断面補修にも好適に用いることができる。 The mortar for spraying of the present invention can be used for construction or repair of a concrete civil engineering structure or a concrete building structure. Moreover, the mortar for spraying of this invention can be used suitably also for the large cross-section repair of a concrete structure.
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| CN108312354A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-24 | 攀枝花市蓝鼎环保科技有限公司 | The construction technology of spraying application is compounded for gypsum mortar |
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| JP6732521B2 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2020-07-29 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | Mortar for spraying |
| JP7103754B2 (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2022-07-20 | 株式会社奥村組 | Reinforcement method for concrete columns |
| JP7103755B2 (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2022-07-20 | 株式会社奥村組 | Spray mortar for reinforcement |
| JP2019104643A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-06-27 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | Hydraulic composition for use in dry spray construction method |
| WO2023190108A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | デンカ株式会社 | Cement admixture, and cement composition |
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| JP2831976B2 (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 1998-12-02 | 大光炉材株式会社 | Wet spraying method |
| JPH11343159A (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-14 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | High durable mortar |
| JP4244080B2 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2009-03-25 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | Rapid setting sprayed cement concrete and spraying method using the same |
| JP2006182629A (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-07-13 | Taiheiyo Material Kk | Mortar for fire-proofing coating |
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| CN102482153A (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2012-05-30 | 建筑研究和技术有限公司 | Sprayable hydraulic binder composition and method of use |
| JP5782228B2 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2015-09-24 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | Mortar material for dry spray and method for producing the spray material |
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