JP6248079B2 - Method for forming coating film of coating type damping material - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、塗布型制振材とその制振材を使用した制振塗膜の形成方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a coating-type damping material and a method for forming a damping coating film using the damping material.
自動車は、軽量化のため薄鋼板で主要部が構成されているため、走行時の衝撃によって振動が発生する。振動を抑制して車内を快適に維持するため、アスファルトをバインダー成分として各種充填材を配合したシート型制振材を施工したり、振動を抑制する制振鋼板を使用したりすることがおこなわれている。 Since the main part of an automobile is made of a thin steel plate for weight reduction, vibration is generated by an impact during travel. In order to suppress vibration and maintain the interior of the vehicle comfortably, it is possible to construct sheet-type vibration damping materials containing various fillers with asphalt as a binder component, or to use vibration-damping steel plates that suppress vibrations. ing.
しかし、制振鋼板は高価であり、費用対効果が低く、コスト削減が重要課題である自動車には採用され難い。また、シート型制振材は、制振効果は十分に得られるが、製造ラインにおいて車体に自動で装着することが困難であり、人手によって装着しているので生産効率が低い。そのため、自動化が容易な塗布型制振材が使用されるケースも多い。 However, the damping steel plate is expensive, has low cost effectiveness, and is difficult to be adopted for an automobile in which cost reduction is an important issue. Further, the seat-type damping material can sufficiently obtain a damping effect, but it is difficult to automatically mount it on the vehicle body in the production line, and the production efficiency is low because it is manually mounted. Therefore, there are many cases where a coating type damping material that is easy to automate is used.
塗布型制振材は、塗料と同様に取り扱えるため自動化が容易であるが、一般の加熱乾燥硬化型塗料と比較すると、制振効果を得るためには塗膜を厚くしなければならない。しかしながら塗膜を厚くすると、塗膜は表面から硬化していくので塗膜内部の残存水分の逃げ道が無くなり、塗膜内で水分が気化して塗膜が膨れるという問題が生ずる。このため、塗布型制振材の塗布後、加熱乾燥をゆっくりおこなうことによって、塗膜の硬化が進まず塗膜強度が低いうちに気化した水分の水蒸気圧で塗膜を破り、内部の残存水分の逃げ道を作ることによって塗膜の膨れを抑制してきたが、その分乾燥工程に時間がとられ、生産効率の低下を招く。
特にエマルション系の塗布型制振材は急速昇温加熱による加熱乾燥では、塗膜の硬化が進むことで塗膜強度が強くなり、塗膜中の残存水分の気化による水蒸気圧では塗膜を破ることができず塗膜に異常な膨れを生じやすいものであった。
生産効率を上げるために急速な加熱昇温、例えば加熱開始から１分間で１００℃以上に昇温させるなどの短時間で塗膜を乾燥させることが望ましく、そのような急速昇温加熱による加熱乾燥によっても塗膜に異常な膨れが生じないことが要求される。
The coating type damping material is easy to automate because it can be handled in the same manner as a paint, but the coating film must be thicker in order to obtain a damping effect as compared with a general heat drying curing type paint. However, when the coating film is thickened, the coating film is cured from the surface, so that there is no escape route for residual moisture inside the coating film, and there is a problem that the coating film swells due to the evaporation of moisture in the coating film. For this reason, by slowly heating and drying after applying the coating type damping material, the coating film is not cured and the water vapor pressure of the vaporized while the coating film strength is low breaks the coating film, and the residual moisture inside Although the swelling of the coating film has been suppressed by making the escape route, the drying process takes time and the production efficiency is reduced accordingly.
In particular, emulsion-based vibration damping materials are heated and dried by rapid heating and heating, and the strength of the coating increases as the coating hardens, and the coating is broken by water vapor pressure due to evaporation of residual moisture in the coating. It was not possible to cause abnormal swelling in the coating film.
In order to increase production efficiency, it is desirable to dry the coating film in a short time such as rapid heating and heating, for example, raising the temperature to 100 ° C. or more in 1 minute from the start of heating. Therefore, it is required that no abnormal swelling occurs in the coating film.
本発明は、アクリルエマルション系の塗布型制振材の加熱昇温を加熱開始後１分で１００℃に達する急速昇温加熱であっても、塗膜に膨れが発生することのない塗布型制振材を提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention is a coating type damping system in which no blistering occurs in the coating film even when the heating temperature rise of the acrylic emulsion type coating type damping material reaches 100 ° C. in 1 minute after the start of heating. The object is to provide a vibration material.
本発明は、アクリルエマルション系の塗布型制振材であって、体質顔料の粒子径が１００μｍ以下であって、平均粒子径の差が１５μｍ以上である二種類の体質顔料を４０:６０〜６０:４０の割合で混合したことを特徴とする塗布型制振材である。
また、この塗布型制振材を塗布後、加熱開始から１分以内に１２０℃以上に昇温させる塗膜形成方法である。
平均粒子径の異なる２種類の体質顔料を塗布型制振材に添加して塗膜硬化時の強度を下げることにより、急速加熱時でも残存水分の気化による水蒸気圧で塗膜を破り、残存水分に逃げ道を作ることで塗膜の膨れの発生を抑制できることを見出したものである。
すなわち、一般に塗膜に体質顔料を入れることで塗膜が脆くなり強度が下がることは知られているが、単独の体質顔料よりも２種類の体質顔料の混合物のほうが体質顔料間の充填率が高くなることで、塗膜がより脆くなり、強度が低下するものと考えられる。
The present invention is an acrylic emulsion-based coating-type vibration damping material, wherein two types of extender pigments having an extender particle diameter of 100 μm or less and a difference in average particle diameter of 15 μm or more are used. : A coating type damping material characterized by being mixed at a ratio of 40.
Moreover, it is the coating-film formation method which heats up to 120 degreeC or more within 1 minute after a heating start after apply | coating this application type damping material.
Two types of extender pigments with different average particle sizes are added to the coating type damping material to reduce the strength when the coating is cured. It has been found that the occurrence of the swelling of the coating film can be suppressed by creating an escape route.
In other words, it is generally known that adding an extender pigment to the coating film makes the coating film brittle and lowers the strength. However, a mixture of two types of extender pigments has a higher filling ratio between extender pigments than a single extender pigment. By becoming high, a coating film becomes more brittle and it is thought that an intensity | strength falls.
塗布型制振材は、アクリルエマルションをバインダー成分とし、体質顔料を主成分とし、添加剤として造膜助剤、発泡剤、消泡剤、分散剤、沈降防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、老化防止剤等を添加することができる。
体質顔料としては、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、クレー、マイカ、珪藻土、カーボンブラック、酸化チタン等を挙げることができ、これらを単独、又は組み合わせて使用できる。
The coating type damping material has an acrylic emulsion as a binder component, an extender pigment as a main component, and as additives, a film-forming aid, a foaming agent, an antifoaming agent, a dispersant, an anti-settling agent, an ultraviolet absorber, and an anti-aging agent. Etc. can be added.
Examples of extender pigments include barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, talc, clay, mica, diatomaceous earth, carbon black, and titanium oxide, and these can be used alone or in combination.
本発明の塗布型制振材は、急速加熱によっても膨れが生じないので、本発明の塗布型制振材の硬化条件は、塗膜の厚さが２〜４ｍｍの場合、１４０℃以下の温度で、乾燥時間が２０分以内であるのが好ましい。１４０℃以下の温度、２０分以内の乾燥時間で塗膜の硬化を完了させることができるので生産効率を上げることができると共に省エネルギーとなる。 Since the coating type damping material of the present invention does not swell even by rapid heating, the curing condition of the coating type damping material of the present invention is a temperature of 140 ° C. or lower when the thickness of the coating film is 2 to 4 mm. The drying time is preferably within 20 minutes. Since the curing of the coating film can be completed at a temperature of 140 ° C. or less and a drying time of 20 minutes or less, production efficiency can be increased and energy can be saved.
本発明による塗布型制振材の塗布方法は、公知の塗装方法が用いられる。即ち、エアレススプレー、エアスプレー、エアアシストスプレー等である。この他、刷毛塗り、ローラー塗装等も使用可能である。 As a coating method of the coating type damping material according to the present invention, a known coating method is used. That is, airless spray, air spray, air assist spray and the like. In addition, brush coating, roller coating, and the like can also be used.
本発明の塗膜形成方法は、自動車の塗布型制振材が適用される任意の場所に用いることができる。即ち、フロア部、ダッシュパネル、ドア、フェンダー、ホイルハウス、ピラー、ルーフ等の各部である。 The coating film forming method of the present invention can be used in any place where a coating type damping material for automobiles is applied. That is, it is each part such as a floor part, a dash panel, a door, a fender, a wheel house, a pillar, and a roof.
＜平均粒子径の異なる体質顔料の併用による造膜性試験＞
平均粒子径の異なる体質顔料の併用が造膜性に与える影響を以下の手順によって試験した。
（１）アクリルエマルションと体質顔料である炭酸カルシウムを選択し、添加剤として消泡剤と造膜助剤を常法に加えて撹拌混合し、体質顔料分散溶液を調製した。
体質顔料は、レーザー回折・散乱法による平均粒子径が５．５μｍの炭酸カルシウム（体質顔料Ａ）と平均粒子径が２５．０μｍの炭酸カルシウム（体質顔料Ｂ）の混合割合を、体質顔料Ａ：体質顔料Ｂ＝１００：０〜０：１００の間で変え、図１に示すように、３０×１００×０．２（ｍｍ）の枠の中に体質顔料分散溶液を流し込み、６０℃の加熱炉に入れて３０分間加熱した後の乾燥させた図２に示す試験片の膜の状態を顕微鏡で拡大して観察した。
（２）また、枠に流し込んだ体質顔料の薄膜の水分量（残水分量）を計測し、６０℃において膜から水分が揮発する程度を比較した。
<Film-forming property test by combined use of extender pigments with different average particle sizes>
The influence of the combination of extender pigments having different average particle diameters on the film forming property was tested by the following procedure.
(1) An acrylic emulsion and extender calcium carbonate were selected, an antifoaming agent and a film-forming aid were added as conventional additives, and stirred and mixed to prepare an extender pigment dispersion solution.
For the extender pigment, the mixing ratio of calcium carbonate (extension pigment A) having an average particle diameter of 5.5 μm and calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 25.0 μm (extension pigment B) by the laser diffraction / scattering method is determined as extender pigment A: The extender pigment B was changed between 100: 0 to 0: 100, and as shown in FIG. 1, the extender pigment dispersion solution was poured into a frame of 30 × 100 × 0.2 (mm), and a heating furnace at 60 ° C. The state of the film of the test piece shown in FIG. 2 which was dried after being heated for 30 minutes was magnified and observed with a microscope.
(2) Moreover, the moisture content (residual moisture content) of the extender thin film poured into the frame was measured, and the degree to which moisture was volatilized from the membrane at 60 ° C. was compared.
＜結果＞
試験の結果、図３の拡大写真で示すように、体質顔料Ａと体質顔料Ｂの混合割合がほぼ等しい範囲の４０：６０〜６０：４０では、膜表面に矢印で示した位置にクラックが形成されているのが認められた。混合比が５０：５０ではクラックは比較的大きなものであり、４０：６０及び６０：４０では、微細なクラックであった。
一方、前記の混合割合の範囲外である、どちらか一方の混合割合が大きなもの、すなわち、体質顔料Ａと体質顔料Ｂの混合割合が１００：０、７５：２５、２５：７５、０：１００の場合は、膜表面にはクラックが認められず、これらの乾燥膜を枠から断裂させることなくそのまま引き剥がすことができた。
成膜後の時間の経過にしたがって測定した水分量（重量）を初期の水分量に対しての百分率（残水率）で示したグラフが図４である。
平均粒子径の異なる体質顔料を混合したものと、単一の平均粒子の体質顔料のものとの間に残水率の値に顕著な差は認められなかったが、体質顔料Ａと体質顔料Ｂの割合が５０：５０の場合の残水率が最小であり、水の揮発速度が速い傾向を示しており、流し込み後５分において残水率の差が約５重量％弱であった。
塗膜表面にクラックが発生することによって、塗膜中の水分が速く抜けるものと考えられ、クラックが大きな塗膜の残水率が小さなものとなっている。
<Result>
As a result of the test, as shown in the enlarged photograph of FIG. 3, in the range of 40:60 to 60:40 where the mixing ratio of extender pigment A and extender pigment B is approximately equal, cracks are formed at the positions indicated by arrows on the film surface. It was recognized that When the mixing ratio was 50:50, the cracks were relatively large, and at 40:60 and 60:40, the cracks were fine.
On the other hand, one having a large mixing ratio that is outside the range of the mixing ratio, that is, the mixing ratio of extender pigment A and extender pigment B is 100: 0, 75:25, 25:75, 0: 100. In this case, no cracks were observed on the film surface, and these dry films could be peeled off as they were without tearing them from the frame.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the amount of water (weight) measured with the passage of time after film formation as a percentage (residual water rate) with respect to the initial amount of water.
Although there was no significant difference in the residual water ratio between the mixture of extender pigments having different average particle diameters and that of a single average particle extender pigment, extender pigment A and extender pigment B The ratio of residual water when the ratio of 50:50 was the smallest, and the volatilization rate of water showed a tendency to be fast, and the difference in the residual water ratio was less than about 5% by weight 5 minutes after pouring.
The occurrence of cracks on the surface of the coating film is considered to cause moisture in the coating film to escape quickly, and the residual water ratio of the coating film having large cracks is small.
更に、体質顔料の平均粒子径の範囲が０．５〜１００μｍにおいて、異なる平均粒子径の組み合わせで同様な造膜性試験を実施したところ、平均粒子径が１５μｍ以上異なる場合に同様なクラックの出現傾向が認められた。
以上の試験結果から、平均粒子径が１５μｍ以上異なる体質顔料を重量比で４０：６０〜６０：４０の割合で混合した場合、急速昇温加熱によって水分が気化し、塗膜にクラックを形成し、このクラックから水分が抜けるため、塗膜に異常な膨れが形成されないことが認められた。
Further, when the same film-forming property test was performed with a combination of different average particle diameters in the range of the average particle diameter of the extender pigment in the range of 0.5 to 100 μm, similar cracks appeared when the average particle diameters differed by 15 μm or more. A trend was observed.
From the above test results, when the extender pigment having an average particle diameter of 15 μm or more is mixed in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40, moisture is vaporized by rapid heating and heating, and cracks are formed in the coating film. It was confirmed that abnormal blisters were not formed in the coating film because moisture was removed from the cracks.
本発明の塗布型制振材を使用することによって、急速昇温加熱によっても塗膜に異常な膨れが生ずることなく、制振効果を薄鋼板に付与することが可能である。
また、塗膜形成のための乾燥工程の時間を短縮することができるので、自動車製造ラインにおける乾燥工程の省エネルギー効果が得られる。
By using the coating type damping material of the present invention, it is possible to impart a damping effect to the thin steel sheet without causing abnormal swelling of the coating film even by rapid heating and heating.
Moreover, since the time of the drying process for coating film formation can be shortened, the energy saving effect of the drying process in an automobile production line can be obtained.
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