JP6244545B2 - refrigerator - Google Patents

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JP6244545B2
JP6244545B2 JP2013183831A JP2013183831A JP6244545B2 JP 6244545 B2 JP6244545 B2 JP 6244545B2 JP 2013183831 A JP2013183831 A JP 2013183831A JP 2013183831 A JP2013183831 A JP 2013183831A JP 6244545 B2 JP6244545 B2 JP 6244545B2
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heat insulating
insulating material
door
refrigerator
glass plate
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JP2015052404A (en
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真梨子 中尾
真梨子 中尾
雅英 中島
雅英 中島
永幡 真也
真也 永幡
山口 太郎
太郎 山口
道雄 福田
道雄 福田
理 上野
理 上野
朗 川勾
朗 川勾
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は冷蔵庫に関し、特に冷蔵庫の扉構成に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a refrigerator, and particularly to a refrigerator door configuration.

一般にこの種の冷蔵庫は、断熱性を有する冷蔵庫本体内に冷蔵室、冷凍室、野菜室等を設け、これら各冷蔵室、冷凍室、野菜室等は扉によって開閉可能に構成してある。   In general, this type of refrigerator is provided with a refrigerator compartment, a freezer compartment, a vegetable compartment, etc. in a refrigerator body having heat insulation properties, and each of these refrigerator compartments, freezer compartments, vegetable compartments, etc. can be opened and closed by a door.

上記扉は、冷蔵庫本体の前面となる前板と、冷蔵室、冷凍室、野菜室等の内面となる内フレームと、これら前板と内フレームとを一体に連結する枠体との間にウレタン等の発泡断熱材を充填発泡させて、冷蔵庫本体と同様断熱性を有するように構成してある。   The door is urethane between a front plate that is the front surface of the refrigerator body, an inner frame that is an inner surface of a refrigerator compartment, a freezer compartment, a vegetable compartment, etc., and a frame that integrally connects the front plate and the inner frame. A foaming heat insulating material such as foaming is filled and foamed so as to have heat insulating properties similar to the refrigerator main body.

このような冷蔵庫にあって、最近は扉の断熱性を向上させるため前記発泡断熱材中に真空断熱材を埋設したものが見られるようになってきた(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   In such refrigerators, recently, a foam heat insulating material embedded with a vacuum heat insulating material in order to improve the heat insulating property of the door has been seen (for example, see Patent Document 1).

図8は上記特許文献1に記載されている扉を示し、扉101は外板102と内フレーム103と縁枠104とこれらの間に充填した発泡断熱材105とから構成されていて、前記発泡断熱材105中には真空断熱材106が埋設してある。なお、この真空断熱材106はプラスチック製の短冊状支持部材107によって所定位置に保持されている。   FIG. 8 shows a door described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, and the door 101 is composed of an outer plate 102, an inner frame 103, an edge frame 104, and a foam heat insulating material 105 filled between them. A vacuum heat insulating material 106 is embedded in the heat insulating material 105. The vacuum heat insulating material 106 is held at a predetermined position by a strip-shaped support member 107 made of plastic.

特許第5193980号公報Japanese Patent No. 5193980

上記従来の構成によれば、発泡断熱材105中に断熱性の高い真空断熱材106が埋設してあるので扉の断熱性が向上し、その分発泡断熱材105の厚み、すなわち扉101の厚みを薄くでき、庫内容積を大きくすることができる利点がある。   According to the above-described conventional configuration, the heat insulating property of the door is improved because the highly heat insulating vacuum heat insulating material 106 is embedded in the foam heat insulating material 105, and accordingly, the thickness of the foam heat insulating material 105, that is, the thickness of the door 101 is increased. There is an advantage that can be made thin and the volume in the warehouse can be increased.

しかしながら、扉101の厚みを薄くしたことによって縁枠104に凹設形成した把手部108の断熱性が低下し、把手部108に発汗が生じやすいという傾向が見られた。すなわち、把手部108の内面側はその一部に短冊状支持部材107が位置するものの、その大部分の内面部分は発泡断熱材105が位置しているだけであってこの発泡断熱材105の厚みが前記したように薄くなっているため庫内冷気によって低温化し、梅雨時等の高温高湿時に発汗するのであった。   However, by reducing the thickness of the door 101, the heat insulating property of the handle portion 108 formed concavely on the edge frame 104 was lowered, and there was a tendency that the handle portion 108 was likely to sweat. That is, although the strip-like support member 107 is located on a part of the inner surface side of the handle portion 108, the most part of the inner surface portion is only provided with the foam heat insulating material 105. However, since it is thin as described above, the temperature is lowered by the cold inside the cabinet, and sweating occurs at high temperature and high humidity such as in the rainy season.

本発明はこのような点に鑑みてなしたもので、扉の厚みを薄く維持したまま把手部の発汗を防止できる冷蔵庫を提供するものである。   This invention is made | formed in view of such a point, and provides the refrigerator which can prevent perspiration of a handle part, maintaining the thickness of a door thin.

本発明は上記目的を達成するため、断熱性を有する冷蔵庫本体と扉からなり、前記扉は引出レールを有するとともに、上記扉は、その扉前面を構成する扉外装板と、扉外装板の内側に位置する内フレームと、前記扉外装板と内フレームとの間の外周面を構成する縁枠と、前記扉外装板と内フレームと縁枠との間の空間に充填発泡させた発泡断熱材とからなっていて、前記内フレームの内面に前記引出レールを取付ける取付金具を固着し、前記発泡断熱材中に真空断熱材を埋設した冷蔵庫であって、前記縁枠に発泡断熱材中へ窪ませて把手部を凹設形成するとともに、前記真空断熱材は前記取付金具と非接触状態になるよう
に前記取付金具との間に設けた断熱支持体で前記真空断熱材の一端部を支持し、前記断熱支持体の傾斜面に沿って斜めに配置して前記真空断熱材の端部を前記把手部の奥壁内面と対向する部分まで位置させた構成としてある。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a refrigerator main body and a door having heat insulation properties, the door having a drawer rail, and the door includes a door exterior plate constituting the front surface of the door, and an inner side of the door exterior plate. An inner frame located on the door, an edge frame constituting an outer peripheral surface between the door outer plate and the inner frame, and a foam heat insulating material filled and foamed in a space between the door outer plate, the inner frame and the edge frame A refrigerator in which a mounting bracket for attaching the drawer rail is fixed to the inner surface of the inner frame, and a vacuum heat insulating material is embedded in the foam heat insulating material. The refrigerator is recessed in the foam heat insulating material in the edge frame. In addition, the handle is recessed and the vacuum heat insulating material is not in contact with the mounting bracket.
One end portion of the vacuum heat insulating material is supported by a heat insulating support provided between the attachment bracket and the end of the vacuum heat insulating material is disposed obliquely along the inclined surface of the heat insulating support. It is set as the structure located even to the part which opposes the inner surface of the back wall of a part .

これにより、扉は真空断熱材を設けたことによってその厚さを薄くできるとともに、把手部の奥壁内面側は真空断熱材によって強力に断熱され、庫内冷気によって低温化して発汗するようなことを未然に防止することができる。   As a result, the thickness of the door can be reduced by providing a vacuum heat insulating material, and the inner surface of the inner wall of the handle is strongly insulated by the vacuum heat insulating material. Can be prevented in advance.

本発明は、扉厚を薄く維持しつつ把手部の発汗を防止できる冷蔵庫を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION This invention can provide the refrigerator which can prevent perspiration of a handle part, maintaining a door thickness thin.

本発明の実施の形態1における冷蔵庫の外観斜視図External appearance perspective view of the refrigerator in Embodiment 1 of this invention 同冷蔵庫の概略断面図Schematic sectional view of the refrigerator 同冷蔵庫の扉の一つを示す斜視図Perspective view showing one of the doors of the refrigerator 同冷蔵庫の扉の分解斜視図Exploded perspective view of the refrigerator door 同図3のA−A断面図AA sectional view of FIG. 同冷蔵庫の扉を内側から見た透視図A perspective view of the refrigerator door from the inside 同図3のB−B断面図BB sectional view of FIG. 従来の冷蔵庫における扉の断面図Sectional view of a door in a conventional refrigerator

第1の発明は、断熱性を有する冷蔵庫本体と扉からなり、前記扉は引出レールを有するとともに、上記扉は、その扉前面を構成する扉外装板と、扉外装板の内側に位置する内フレームと、前記扉外装板と内フレームとの間の外周面を構成する縁枠と、前記扉外装板と内フレームと縁枠との間の空間に充填発泡させた発泡断熱材とからなっていて、前記内フレームの内面に前記引出レールを取付ける取付金具を固着し、前記発泡断熱材中に真空断熱材を埋設した冷蔵庫であって、前記縁枠に発泡断熱材中へ窪ませて把手部を凹設形成するとともに、前記真空断熱材は前記取付金具と非接触状態になるように前記取付金具との間に設けた断熱支持体で前記真空断熱材の一端部を支持し、前記断熱支持体の傾斜面に沿って斜めに配置して前記真空断熱材の端部を前記把手部の奥壁内面と対向する部分まで位置させた構成としてある。 1st invention consists of the refrigerator main body and door which have heat insulation, and while the said door has a drawer rail , the said door is the inside which is located inside the door exterior plate which comprises the door front surface, and a door exterior plate It consists of a frame, an edge frame constituting an outer peripheral surface between the door exterior plate and the inner frame, and a foam heat insulating material filled and foamed in a space between the door exterior plate, the inner frame and the edge frame. The mounting bracket for attaching the drawer rail to the inner surface of the inner frame is fixed, and a vacuum heat insulating material is embedded in the foam heat insulating material, and the handle portion is recessed into the foam heat insulating material in the edge frame. The vacuum heat insulating material is supported between one end of the vacuum heat insulating material by a heat insulating support provided between the mounting metal fitting so that the vacuum heat insulating material is not in contact with the mounting metal fitting, and the heat insulating support is provided. said vacuum sectional disposed obliquely along the inclined surface of the body There the ends of the timber as a configuration in which is positioned to back wall inner surface facing the portion of the grip portion.

これにより、扉は真空断熱材を設けたことによってその厚さを薄くできるとともに、把手部の奥壁内面側は真空断熱材によって強力に断熱され、庫内冷気によって低温化して発汗するようなことを未然に防止することができ、また引出レール取付金具を避けて真空断熱材の端部を把手部の奥壁内面側に位置させ発汗を防止することができる。 As a result, the thickness of the door can be reduced by providing a vacuum heat insulating material, and the inner surface of the inner wall of the handle is strongly insulated by the vacuum heat insulating material. In addition, the end of the vacuum heat insulating material can be positioned on the inner surface side of the back wall of the handle portion while avoiding the pull-out rail mounting bracket, and sweating can be prevented.

の発明は、第1の発明において、把手部の奥壁内面に熱拡散層を設けた構成としてある。 According to a second invention, in the first invention, a heat diffusion layer is provided on the inner surface of the back wall of the handle portion.

これにより、把手部は真空断熱材で断熱しきれない部分が残ってその部分の温度が低温化するようなことがあってもこの低温は熱拡散層によって分散させることができ、局所的に低温化して発汗するようなことも防止することができる。   As a result, even if there is a part that cannot be completely insulated by the vacuum heat insulating material in the grip part and the temperature of the part may be lowered, this low temperature can be dispersed by the heat diffusion layer, It is also possible to prevent sweating.

3の発明は、第1〜第の発明において、扉外装板はガラス板等の着色層付きの透明前板で構成するとともに発泡断熱材は発泡ウレタンとし、前記透明前板は発泡ウレタンによって接着保持してその外周部は透明前板挿入部等で覆うことなくそのまま露出状態とした構成としてある。
The third invention is the first to second inventions, wherein the door exterior plate is made of a transparent front plate with a colored layer such as a glass plate and the foam insulation is made of urethane foam, and the transparent front plate is made of urethane foam. The outer peripheral portion of the adhesive is held without being covered with a transparent front plate insertion portion or the like so that it is exposed as it is.

これにより、透明前板を用いたことによる高い質感を発揮させることができるとともに、透明前板を発泡ウレタンによって接着保持させて透明前板挿入部を廃止し意匠性を高めることができ、かつ、それでいて、すなわち透明前板を発泡ウレタンに接着保持させていても、真空断熱材が剛性体であるところから発泡ウレタンの経年的な熱収縮による透明前板のソリ変形等を抑制でき、透明前板特有の高い意匠性を長期間良好に維持し続け、把手部発汗のない薄型で意匠性の高い扉を有する冷蔵庫とすることができる。   Thereby, while being able to demonstrate the high texture by having used the transparent front plate, the transparent front plate can be bonded and held by foamed urethane, the transparent front plate insertion part can be eliminated, and the design can be improved, and Nevertheless, even if the transparent front plate is adhered and held to the foamed urethane, it is possible to suppress warping deformation of the transparent front plate due to the thermal shrinkage of the urethane foam from the place where the vacuum heat insulating material is a rigid body. A unique high design property can be maintained well for a long period of time, and a refrigerator having a thin and high design property with no sweating of the handle portion can be obtained.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態では扉外装板としてガラス板等の透明前板を用い、かつ透明前板の外周部を保持する透明前板挿入部を廃止して、意匠性を高めた冷蔵庫を例にして説明するが、これによって本発明が限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a transparent front plate such as a glass plate is used as the door exterior plate, and the transparent front plate insertion portion that holds the outer peripheral portion of the transparent front plate is abolished, and a refrigerator with improved design is taken as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereby.

(実施の形態1)
図1は本発明の実施の形態1における冷蔵庫の外観斜視図、図2は同冷蔵庫の概略断面図、図3は同冷蔵庫の扉の一つを示す斜視図、図4は同冷蔵庫の扉の分解斜視図、図5は同図3のA−A断面図、図6は同冷蔵庫の扉を内側から見た透視図、図7は同図3のB−B断面図である。
(Embodiment 1)
1 is an external perspective view of the refrigerator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the refrigerator, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing one of the doors of the refrigerator, and FIG. 5 is an AA sectional view of FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the refrigerator door viewed from the inside, and FIG. 7 is a BB sectional view of FIG.

図1、図2において、冷蔵庫本体1は、前方に開口する金属製(例えば鉄板)の外箱2と、硬質樹脂製(例えばABS)の内箱3と、これら外箱2と内箱3との間に発泡充填した硬質の発泡ウレタン4からなる。上記冷蔵庫本体1はその内部に、冷蔵室5と、冷蔵室5の下に位置する切替室6及び切替室6に並設した製氷室7と、切替室6及び製氷室7の下部に位置する冷凍室8と、冷凍室8の下部に位置する野菜室9とを有する。また、前記冷蔵室5の前面は、例えば観音開き式の扉10,10により開閉自由に閉塞し、切替室6及び製氷室7と冷凍室8と野菜室9の前面部は引き出し式の扉11,12,13,14によって開閉自由に閉塞してある。   1 and 2, the refrigerator body 1 includes a metal (for example, iron plate) outer box 2 that opens forward, an inner box 3 that is made of hard resin (for example, ABS), an outer box 2, and an inner box 3. It consists of the hard foaming urethane 4 foam-filled between. The refrigerator main body 1 is located inside the refrigerator compartment 5, the switching chamber 6 located below the refrigerator compartment 5, the ice making chamber 7 juxtaposed to the switching chamber 6, and the switching chamber 6 and the lower part of the ice making chamber 7. It has a freezer compartment 8 and a vegetable compartment 9 located below the freezer compartment 8. Further, the front surface of the refrigerator compartment 5 is opened and closed freely by, for example, double doors 10 and 10, and the front portions of the switching chamber 6, the ice making chamber 7, the freezer compartment 8 and the vegetable compartment 9 are drawn out doors 11 and 10. 12, 13 and 14 are closed freely.

冷蔵庫本体1の背面には冷却室16があり、冷気を生成する冷却器17と、冷気を各室に供給する送風ファン18とが設けてある。また、上記冷蔵庫本体1の本体天面奥部には圧縮機19が設けてあり、コンデンサ(図示せず)と、放熱用の放熱パイプ20と、キャピラリーチューブ21と、前記した冷却器17とを順次環状に接続してなる冷凍サイクルに冷媒を封入し、冷却運転を行うように構成してある。   There is a cooling chamber 16 on the back surface of the refrigerator body 1, and a cooler 17 that generates cool air and a blower fan 18 that supplies the cool air to each chamber are provided. In addition, a compressor 19 is provided at the back of the top of the main body of the refrigerator body 1, and a condenser (not shown), a heat radiating pipe 20, a capillary tube 21, and the cooler 17 described above are provided. A refrigerant is enclosed in a refrigeration cycle that is sequentially connected in an annular manner, and a cooling operation is performed.

ここで、上記各扉10〜14は冷蔵庫本体1と同様硬質のウレタンを発泡充填して断熱性を持たせてあり、更に意匠性を向上させるべくその前面をガラス板等の透明前板で構成してある。   Here, each of the doors 10 to 14 is foamed and filled with hard urethane like the refrigerator body 1 so as to have heat insulation properties, and its front surface is made of a transparent front plate such as a glass plate in order to further improve the design. It is.

以下、扉13の場合を例にしてその構成について図3〜図7を用いて説明する。なお、扉13以外の扉11〜14も基本的には同様の構成である。   Hereinafter, the structure of the door 13 will be described as an example with reference to FIGS. The doors 11 to 14 other than the door 13 have basically the same configuration.

図3〜図7において、23は冷蔵庫本体1の内側に位置することになる内箱フレームで、例えばABS樹脂で形成してある。24はこの内フレーム23の周端面に結合固定した縁枠で、ABS樹脂で形成してある。25は前記内フレーム23を覆うようにその縁枠24に積層配置したガラス板等の透明前板からなる扉外装板(以下、ガラス板と称す)で、この実施の形態では光沢のある強化ガラス板で形成してある。   3 to 7, reference numeral 23 denotes an inner box frame which is located inside the refrigerator main body 1, and is formed of, for example, ABS resin. Reference numeral 24 denotes an edge frame bonded and fixed to the peripheral end face of the inner frame 23, and is formed of ABS resin. Reference numeral 25 denotes a door exterior plate (hereinafter referred to as a glass plate) made of a transparent front plate such as a glass plate laminated on the edge frame 24 so as to cover the inner frame 23. In this embodiment, glossy tempered glass is used. It is made of a plate.

このガラス板25は図5、図7に示すようにその内面に接着剤26を介して樹脂フィルム27が貼り付けてあり、この樹脂フィルム27に絵模様、例えばヘアーラインのような金属調模様からなる着色層28が形成してある。これによって、前記ガラス板25は、あたかも着色層付きのガラス板となる。前記樹脂フィルム27はこの実施の形態では透明性
が高く機械的強度の高いポリエチレンテレフタレートを用い、着色層28はホワイト系ではガラス板25とは反対側面に形成し、グレー系ではガラス板25側に形成してある。図面ではガラス板25とは反対側面に形成した場合を示している。
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the glass plate 25 has a resin film 27 attached to the inner surface of the glass plate 25 with an adhesive 26. The resin film 27 has a picture pattern, for example, a metallic pattern such as a hairline. A colored layer 28 is formed. As a result, the glass plate 25 becomes a glass plate with a colored layer. In this embodiment, the resin film 27 is made of polyethylene terephthalate having high transparency and high mechanical strength, and the colored layer 28 is formed on the side opposite to the glass plate 25 in the white system and on the glass plate 25 side in the gray system. It is formed. In the drawing, the case where it is formed on the side opposite to the glass plate 25 is shown.

31は前記扉を構成する縁枠24の上端面に下向きの凹部を凹設して形成した把手部で、図5に示す様にその奥壁31a内面にはアルミテープ等の熱伝導率の良い材料からなる熱拡散層31bが設けてある。なお、この熱拡散層31bはアルミ粉末塗料等の熱伝導率の良い塗料を塗装するなどして構成してもよい。   Reference numeral 31 denotes a grip portion formed by forming a downward concave portion on the upper end surface of the edge frame 24 constituting the door. As shown in FIG. 5, the inner surface of the rear wall 31a has good thermal conductivity such as aluminum tape. A heat diffusion layer 31b made of a material is provided. The heat diffusion layer 31b may be configured by coating a paint having a good thermal conductivity such as an aluminum powder paint.

29は前記ガラス板25の樹脂フィルム27側の面と内フレーム23と縁枠24との間の空間に充填発泡させた硬質ウレタン等の発泡断熱材で、発泡によって内フレーム23及び縁枠24とともに前記ガラス板25内面の樹脂フィルム27に接着し、当該樹脂フィルム27を介してガラス板25を接着保持している。   29 is a foam heat insulating material such as hard urethane filled and foamed in a space between the surface of the glass plate 25 on the side of the resin film 27 and the inner frame 23 and the edge frame 24. Together with the inner frame 23 and the edge frame 24 by foaming. It adheres to the resin film 27 on the inner surface of the glass plate 25, and the glass plate 25 is bonded and held via the resin film 27.

また、30は前記内フレーム23とガラス板25との間の発泡断熱材29中のほぼ全域わたって埋設配置した真空断熱材で、芯材をアルミシート等の外被材で密封し真空引きして構成してあり、周知のようにその断熱性は発泡ウレタンに比べかなり高く、かつ剛性があって強度メンバーともなるものである。   Reference numeral 30 denotes a vacuum heat insulating material embedded and disposed almost over the entire area of the foam heat insulating material 29 between the inner frame 23 and the glass plate 25. The core material is sealed with an outer covering material such as an aluminum sheet and evacuated. As is well known, its heat insulating property is considerably higher than that of urethane foam, and it has rigidity and becomes a strength member.

ここで、前記扉13は図4に示す様にその内フレーム23の内面に引出レール取付金具22を固着し、この引出レール取付金具22に引出レール22aが取り付けてあり、前記真空断熱材30を上記引出レール取付金具22と非接触状態となるように位置決め保持する発泡スチロール等の支持体22bが設けてある。   Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the door 13 has a drawer rail mounting bracket 22 fixed to the inner surface of the inner frame 23, and a drawer rail 22 a is mounted on the drawer rail mounting bracket 22. A support 22b such as polystyrene foam is provided to be positioned and held so as not to contact the drawer rail mounting bracket 22.

そして、前記真空断熱材30は図5に示す様に発泡断熱材29中に斜めに傾斜した状態で配置し、その上端部が前記扉の把手部31の奥壁31a内面側と対向するように設けてある。   The vacuum heat insulating material 30 is disposed in the foam heat insulating material 29 in an obliquely inclined state as shown in FIG. 5 so that the upper end of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 faces the inner surface of the rear wall 31a of the handle portion 31 of the door. It is provided.

なお、この実施の形態では前記内フレーム23の縁枠24はガラス板の25の外周部に嵌合してこれを保持するようなガラス板挿入部を有しておらず、前記ガラス板25はその外周部をそのまま露出させた構成としてある。更に上記ガラス板25はその外周縁を図7に示すように縁枠24の端面24aより若干内側に位置させた構成としてある。   In this embodiment, the edge frame 24 of the inner frame 23 does not have a glass plate insertion portion that fits and holds the outer peripheral portion of the glass plate 25, and the glass plate 25 The outer peripheral portion is exposed as it is. Further, the glass plate 25 has a configuration in which the outer peripheral edge is positioned slightly inside the end surface 24a of the edge frame 24 as shown in FIG.

また、上記把手部31はその奥壁31aを扉端縁Xに行くほど扉内側へ位置するような傾斜面としてある。   Moreover, the said handle part 31 is made into the inclined surface which is located in the door inner side, so that the back wall 31a goes to the door edge X. As shown in FIG.

さらにこの実施の形態では、ガラス板25の外周部を保持するガラス板挿入部を廃止したことにより懸念されるガラス板25の接着保持を確実化する構成を備えており、以下その構成を説明する。   Furthermore, in this embodiment, a configuration for ensuring the adhesion and holding of the glass plate 25 which is concerned by eliminating the glass plate insertion portion that holds the outer peripheral portion of the glass plate 25 is provided, and the configuration will be described below. .

まず、前記ガラス板25は既述した通り着色層28を形成した樹脂フィルム27を接着剤26によって貼り付けることにより着色ガラス板としてある。そして、前記樹脂フィルム27の発泡ウレタン側の面には易接着層32を形成し、この易接着層32を介して発泡断熱材29と接着した構成としてある。上記易接着層32は樹脂フィルム27の表面をコロナ処理やプラズマ処理を施したり、ポリエステル系やウレタン系の接着剤を塗布して、形成することができる。この実施の形態ではポリエステル系接着剤を塗布して構成してある。   First, the glass plate 25 is formed as a colored glass plate by attaching the resin film 27 on which the colored layer 28 is formed with the adhesive 26 as described above. Then, an easy adhesion layer 32 is formed on the surface of the resin film 27 on the foamed urethane side, and the foam heat insulating material 29 is adhered via the easy adhesion layer 32. The easy-adhesion layer 32 can be formed by subjecting the surface of the resin film 27 to corona treatment or plasma treatment, or applying a polyester or urethane adhesive. In this embodiment, a polyester adhesive is applied.

また、前記ガラス板25の樹脂フィルム27側の面と内フレーム23と縁枠24との間の空間に充填発泡させた発泡断熱材29は、その発泡密度をガラス板25の中央部分より
外周部分の方を高く設定してある。
Further, the foam heat insulating material 29 filled and foamed in the space between the surface on the side of the resin film 27 of the glass plate 25 and the inner frame 23 and the edge frame 24 has a foam density of the outer peripheral portion from the central portion of the glass plate 25. Is set higher.

以上のように構成した上記冷蔵庫の扉13は、発泡断熱材29中に真空断熱材30を有していて、当該真空断熱材30はその端部が把手部31の奥壁31a内面と対向する部分まで位置しているから、扉13は真空断熱材30を設けたことによってその厚さを薄くできるとともに、把手部31の奥壁内面は真空断熱材30によって強力に断熱され、庫内冷気によって低温化して発汗するようなことを防止することができる。   The refrigerator door 13 configured as described above has the vacuum heat insulating material 30 in the foam heat insulating material 29, and the end of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 faces the inner surface of the back wall 31 a of the handle portion 31. Since the door 13 is located up to a portion, the thickness of the door 13 can be reduced by providing the vacuum heat insulating material 30, and the inner surface of the back wall of the handle portion 31 is strongly insulated by the vacuum heat insulating material 30, It is possible to prevent sweating at low temperatures.

特に上記真空断熱材30は斜めに配置してあるから、扉13に設けてある引出レール取付金具22を避けた状態でその端部が前記把手部31の奥壁31a内面と対向するようにすることができ、扉厚を厚くすることなく把手部31における発汗を防止することができる。すなわち、真空断熱材30を斜めに配置することなくガラス板25に沿って垂直に配置し把手部31の奥壁31a内面に位置する様にすると、真空断熱材30が引出レール取付金具22に接触するためこの接触を避けるべく扉厚を厚くする必要が生じてくる。しかしながら、本発明のように真空断熱材30を斜め設置することによって、真空断熱材30を引出レール取付金具22に接触させることなくその上端部を把手部31の奥壁31a内面に位置させることができ、扉厚が厚くなるのを抑制できるのである。よって、引出レール付き扉であっても真空断熱材30を斜めに傾斜設置したことによって扉厚を厚くすることなく引出レール取付金具22を避けて真空断熱材30の端部を把手部31の奥壁31a内面側に位置させ発汗を防止することができる。   In particular, since the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is disposed obliquely, its end portion faces the inner surface of the back wall 31a of the handle portion 31 in a state where the drawer rail mounting bracket 22 provided on the door 13 is avoided. It is possible to prevent sweating at the handle portion 31 without increasing the door thickness. That is, when the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is disposed vertically along the glass plate 25 without being disposed obliquely and is positioned on the inner surface of the rear wall 31 a of the handle portion 31, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 contacts the drawer rail mounting bracket 22. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the door thickness to avoid this contact. However, by installing the vacuum heat insulating material 30 obliquely as in the present invention, the upper end of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 can be positioned on the inner surface of the rear wall 31a of the handle portion 31 without bringing the vacuum heat insulating material 30 into contact with the drawer rail mounting bracket 22. It is possible to suppress the door thickness from increasing. Therefore, even if it is a door with a drawer rail, the end of the vacuum heat insulating material 30 can be disposed at the back of the handle portion 31 by avoiding the drawer rail mounting bracket 22 without increasing the door thickness by installing the vacuum heat insulating material 30 obliquely. Sweating can be prevented by placing the wall 31a on the inner surface side.

また、前記把手部31の奥壁31a内面にはアルミテープ等の熱拡散層31bが設けてあるから、真空断熱材30で断熱しきれない部分が把手部31に残ってその部分の温度が庫内冷気の影響を受けて低温化するようなことがあっても、この低温は熱拡散層31bによって分散させることができる。したがって、把手部31の一部が局所的に低温化して発汗するようなことも防止することができる。   Further, since a heat diffusion layer 31b such as aluminum tape is provided on the inner surface of the back wall 31a of the handle portion 31, a portion that cannot be insulated by the vacuum heat insulating material 30 remains in the handle portion 31, and the temperature of the portion is stored. Even if the temperature is lowered due to the influence of the internal cold air, the low temperature can be dispersed by the thermal diffusion layer 31b. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a portion of the handle portion 31 from sweating due to local temperature reduction.

また、この実施の形態では扉外装版をガラス板25で構成してあるから、質感が向上するとともに、前記ガラス板25の着色層28は樹脂フィルム27に形成しているので、ガラス板に直接着色層をシルク印刷するものでは不良率が高くて実質的には得られなかったようなヘアーライン等の精細な模様も形成できて、その意匠性を格段に向上させることができる。   In this embodiment, since the door exterior plate is made of the glass plate 25, the texture is improved, and the colored layer 28 of the glass plate 25 is formed on the resin film 27. A fine pattern such as a hairline that cannot be obtained substantially due to a high defect rate can be formed by silk-printing the colored layer, and the design can be remarkably improved.

しかも、この扉は、ガラス板25を発泡断熱材29のウレタンによる接着力によって接着保持することにより、ガラス板周縁部を覆うガラス板挿入部等を廃止しているので、ガラス板挿入部があるもののように扉表面に突出部が存在して意匠性を損なうことがなく、全面フラット感のあるすっきりとした外観にすることができる。また、ガラス板挿入部とガラス板との間の境界部にほこりや塵埃等が付着堆積してこれが線状に目立ちやすいが、このようなこともなく、長期間に亘って初期の高い意匠性をそのまま維持することができる。   In addition, this door has the glass plate insertion portion because the glass plate 25 is bonded and held by the adhesive force of urethane of the foam heat insulating material 29 to eliminate the glass plate insertion portion that covers the peripheral edge of the glass plate. The protrusion part exists in the door surface like a thing, and it does not impair the designability, and it can be made the clean appearance with a flat feeling on the whole surface. Also, dust and dust adhere to and accumulate on the boundary between the glass plate insertion part and the glass plate, and this tends to stand out linearly, but without this, high initial design properties over a long period of time Can be maintained as it is.

一方、前記ガラス板25は比熱が大きく、発泡断熱材29や内フレーム23からの伝熱により一旦冷却されると、高湿の外気や扉開閉時の冷気と接触して結露を生じ発汗し易くなる独自の課題があるが、真空断熱材30によって伝熱遮断され、把手部同様発汗を防止できる。   On the other hand, the glass plate 25 has a large specific heat, and once cooled by heat transfer from the foam heat insulating material 29 or the inner frame 23, the glass plate 25 comes into contact with the high humidity outside air or the cold air when the door is opened and closed, and is likely to sweat. However, heat transfer is blocked by the vacuum heat insulating material 30, and sweating can be prevented as with the handle.

また、上記真空断熱材30は剛性が高いので、発泡断熱材29が多少熱収縮を起こしてもこれに抗して扉全体のソリ変形を確実に防止するとともに、扉全体の強度をも向上させることになり、よりソリ変形の少ない扉とすることができる。しかもこの真空断熱材30は、扉の断熱性も大きく向上させて、その分、扉の厚み、すなわち発泡断熱材29の厚み
を薄くして、当該発泡ウレタンの熱収縮力を抑え、ガラス板25のソリ変形をなくすることに貢献する。
Further, since the vacuum heat insulating material 30 has high rigidity, even if the foam heat insulating material 29 undergoes some thermal shrinkage, the warp deformation of the entire door is reliably prevented against this, and the strength of the entire door is also improved. That is, the door can be made with less warping deformation. Moreover, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 also greatly improves the heat insulating property of the door, and accordingly, the thickness of the door, that is, the thickness of the foam heat insulating material 29 is reduced to suppress the heat shrinkage force of the urethane foam, and the glass plate 25. Contributes to eliminating warping deformation.

更に、前記把手部31の奥壁31aは扉端縁Xに行くほど扉内側へ位置するような傾斜面としてあるから、発泡断熱材29が熱収縮によって若干のソリ変形を起こして把手部31が変形しても、その変形は扉端縁Xに行くほど扉内側に変形する、すなわち、把手部31の奥壁31aの傾斜面の傾斜と同方向に変形するものとなるから、ほとんど目立たないものとなり、意匠性を損なうほどのことはなくなり、長期間に亘って良好な意匠性を維持できる。   Further, since the inner wall 31a of the handle portion 31 is inclined so as to be located inward of the door as it goes to the door edge X, the foam heat insulating material 29 causes a slight warp deformation due to thermal contraction, and the handle portion 31 is Even if it is deformed, the deformation is deformed to the inside of the door as it goes to the door edge X. That is, the deformation is inconspicuous because it is deformed in the same direction as the inclination of the inclined surface of the back wall 31a of the handle portion 31. Thus, the design property is not impaired and the good design property can be maintained over a long period of time.

加えてこの実施の形態では、発泡断熱材29の発泡密度をガラス板25の中央部分より外周部分の方が高くなるようにしてあるから、発泡断熱材29の接着力はガラス板25の外周部分のほうが強くなる。これにより、ガラス板25の樹脂フィルム27と発泡断熱材29との接着力を長期間に亘ってより確実に維持保障することができる。   In addition, in this embodiment, since the foaming density of the foam heat insulating material 29 is higher in the outer peripheral portion than in the central portion of the glass plate 25, the adhesive strength of the foam heat insulating material 29 is the outer peripheral portion of the glass plate 25. Is stronger. Thereby, the adhesive force of the resin film 27 of the glass plate 25 and the foam heat insulating material 29 can be more reliably maintained and ensured over a long period of time.

すなわち、冷蔵庫は内部と外部で温度差が激しく、扉の開閉時に内部からの冷気によって扉のガラス板25端部は結露や激しい温度変化の影響を受ける。また、使用者の使い方によっては、開閉時に激しい衝撃を扉に与えたり、収納物の出し入れ時にガラス板25を含む扉に水や汁を溢す使用実態となる。そして、このような冷蔵庫特有の使用環境・実態によってガラス板25の端部は当該ガラス板端部を覆うガラス板挿入部が無いと発泡断熱材29から剥がれやすい環境となっている。   That is, the refrigerator has a large temperature difference between the inside and the outside, and the end of the glass plate 25 of the door is affected by condensation and severe temperature changes due to the cold air from the inside when the door is opened and closed. Further, depending on the usage of the user, the door may be subjected to a severe impact during opening and closing, or the door including the glass plate 25 may overflow with water or juice when the stored items are put in and out. And the end part of the glass plate 25 becomes an environment easily peeled off from the foam heat insulating material 29 if there is no glass plate insertion part which covers the said glass plate end part by the use environment and the actual condition peculiar to such a refrigerator.

しかしながら、この実施の形態では、ガラス板25の端部、すなわち、周囲部は発泡断熱材29の発泡密度が高い、すなわちごく微細に発泡しているウレタンスキン層との接着となっていて、発泡断熱材29とガラス板25の樹脂フィルム27との接着密度は高く強固なものとなっている。したがって、長期間の使用に際してもガラス板25の樹脂フィルム27と発泡断熱材29との接着は確保され、長期間フィルム付きガラス板25の接着強度を維持保障することができ、信頼性を確保できるのである。   However, in this embodiment, the end portion of the glass plate 25, that is, the peripheral portion is bonded to the urethane skin layer having a high foaming density of the foam heat insulating material 29, that is, very finely foamed. The adhesive density between the heat insulating material 29 and the resin film 27 of the glass plate 25 is high and strong. Therefore, even when used for a long period of time, adhesion between the resin film 27 of the glass plate 25 and the foamed heat insulating material 29 is ensured, and the adhesion strength of the glass plate 25 with the film can be maintained and ensured for a long period of time, thereby ensuring reliability. It is.

加えてこの実施の形態では、樹脂フィルム27の発泡断熱材29との密着面に易接着層32を形成してあるから、樹脂フィルム27と発泡断熱材29との接着強度がより高いものとなり、発泡断熱材29からの樹脂フィルム27、ひいてはガラス板25の剥離をより確実に防止することができ、長期間フィルム付きガラス板25の接着強度を維持保障することができる。   In addition, in this embodiment, since the easy adhesion layer 32 is formed on the adhesive surface of the resin film 27 with the foam heat insulating material 29, the adhesive strength between the resin film 27 and the foam heat insulating material 29 becomes higher, It is possible to more reliably prevent the resin film 27 and thus the glass plate 25 from peeling off from the foam heat insulating material 29, and to maintain and ensure the adhesive strength of the glass plate with film 25 for a long period of time.

特にこの実施の形態で例示したように、樹脂フィルム27としてポリエチレンテレフタレートを用い、かつ、易接着層32をウレタン系ポリエステル系の接着剤とすると、その接着強度は強力なものとなる。よって、長期間の使用に際してもガラス板25の樹脂フィルム27と発泡断熱材29との接着を確保し、長期間フィルム付きガラス板25の接着強度を維持保障することができるのである。   In particular, as exemplified in this embodiment, when polyethylene terephthalate is used as the resin film 27 and the easy-adhesion layer 32 is a urethane polyester adhesive, the adhesive strength becomes strong. Therefore, even when used for a long period of time, the adhesion between the resin film 27 of the glass plate 25 and the foam heat insulating material 29 can be secured, and the adhesion strength of the glass plate 25 with a film can be maintained and ensured for a long period of time.

また、前記樹脂フィルム27と発泡断熱材29との接着面はミクロ的に見ると発泡ウレタンのスキン層と樹脂フィルム27とが接着しており、このようなスキン層と樹脂フィルム27とはその双方の表面が滑面となっているため、剥がれかけると一気に剥がれてしまう危険性がある。特に、ガラス板外周部分の発泡密度を高めてその接着面をスキン層とした場合にあってはガラス板外周部分で剥がれが広がってしまう恐れがある。   Further, when the microscopic surface of the adhesive surface between the resin film 27 and the foam insulation 29 is seen, the urethane foam skin layer and the resin film 27 are adhered to each other. Since the surface of is smooth, there is a risk that it will be peeled off at once if it is peeled off. In particular, when the foaming density of the outer peripheral portion of the glass plate is increased and the adhesive surface is used as a skin layer, there is a risk that peeling will spread at the outer peripheral portion of the glass plate.

しかしながら、この実施の形態では前記したように樹脂フィルム27の発泡断熱材29との密着面に易接着層32を形成してあるから、樹脂フィルム27と発泡断熱材29との接着強度が強化され、前記したような発泡ウレタンスキン層と樹脂フィルム27との剥が
れの広がりを防止できる。よって、ガラス板内面の樹脂フィルム27と発泡断熱材29との接着強度を長期間に亘って維持保障することができ、更に信頼性の高いものとすることができる。
However, in this embodiment, as described above, since the easy adhesion layer 32 is formed on the adhesive surface of the resin film 27 with the foam heat insulating material 29, the adhesive strength between the resin film 27 and the foam heat insulating material 29 is enhanced. The spread of peeling between the foamed urethane skin layer and the resin film 27 as described above can be prevented. Therefore, the adhesive strength between the resin film 27 on the inner surface of the glass plate and the foam heat insulating material 29 can be maintained and ensured over a long period of time, and the reliability can be further improved.

上記、ガラス板25と発泡断熱材29との接着力は寿命加速試験を行った結果、その接着力は1.0g/cm2以上、好ましくは2.6g/cm2以上とすることにより、発泡断熱材29の熱収縮等の経年変化による接着力劣化があっても確実に樹脂フィルム27と発泡断熱材29との接着強度を保障することができ、ひいてはガラス板25の接着強度を長期間に亘って維持保障することができて、信頼性の高いものとすることができた。なお、上記接着力の測定方法は、接着剤の重ね合わせせん断接着強さの標準的な測定方法である「JIS K 6850(接着剤−剛性被着材の引張せん断 接着強さ試験方法)」に基づく。   The adhesive strength between the glass plate 25 and the foam insulation 29 is a result of an accelerated life test. As a result, the adhesion is 1.0 g / cm 2 or more, preferably 2.6 g / cm 2 or more. 29, the adhesive strength between the resin film 27 and the foam heat insulating material 29 can be surely ensured even if the adhesive strength is deteriorated due to secular change such as heat shrinkage of 29, and the adhesive strength of the glass plate 25 is extended over a long period of time. It was possible to maintain and ensure the reliability. The method for measuring the adhesive force is described in “JIS K 6850 (Adhesive—Tensile Shear Adhesive Tensile Shear Adhesive Strength Test Method)”, which is a standard method for measuring the overlapping shear adhesive strength of an adhesive. Based.

また、上記ガラス板25はその外周縁が縁枠24の端面24aより若干内側に位置する構成としてあるから、このガラス板25の外周縁を縁枠24の端面24aが保護することになる。よって、例えば生産ラインでの扉搬送時やユーザ宅における扉交換サービス時にガラス板25の外周縁が何らかの物に当たって割れたりするようなことを防止することもできる。   Further, since the outer peripheral edge of the glass plate 25 is positioned slightly inside the end surface 24a of the edge frame 24, the end surface 24a of the edge frame 24 protects the outer peripheral edge of the glass plate 25. Therefore, for example, it is possible to prevent the outer peripheral edge of the glass plate 25 from hitting a certain object and cracking at the time of door transportation on the production line or door replacement service at the user's house.

また、仮にガラス板25に何らかの外力が加わって万が一割れることがあっても、このガラス板片は樹脂フィルム27に接着していて飛散を防止されることになり、万が一のときの安全性も向上する。   Even if some external force is applied to the glass plate 25 and it should break, this glass plate piece is adhered to the resin film 27 to prevent scattering, and safety in the event of an emergency is also improved. To do.

なお、ガラス板の接着保持をさらに確実なものとすべくガラス板25の樹脂フィルム27と内フレーム23の縁枠24とを更に両面テープによって接着することも考えられる。   It is also conceivable that the resin film 27 of the glass plate 25 and the edge frame 24 of the inner frame 23 are further bonded with a double-sided tape in order to further secure the adhesion of the glass plate.

以上、本発明の実施形態を説明したが、上記実施の形態は本発明を実施するうえでの一例として示したものであり、本発明の目的を達成する範囲内で種々変更可能であることは言うまでもない。   As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, the said embodiment was shown as an example in implementing this invention, and it can change variously within the range which achieves the objective of this invention. Needless to say.

例えば、把手部31は扉の縁枠24の下端面に上向きの凹部を凹設して形成したものを例示したが、これは扉の上端面あるいは横端面であってもよいものである。   For example, although the handle portion 31 is illustrated as having an upwardly recessed portion formed in the lower end surface of the door edge frame 24, this may be the upper end surface or the lateral end surface of the door.

また、扉外装板としてガラス板を例示したが、これは透明な樹脂板であってもよく、これによって軽量化による接着強度の更なる保障が可能となり、しかも低コスト化を図ることができる。もちろん金属板等であってもよいものである。   Moreover, although the glass plate was illustrated as a door exterior plate, this may be a transparent resin plate, and this makes it possible to further ensure the adhesive strength by reducing the weight, and to reduce the cost. Of course, a metal plate or the like may be used.

以上のように本発明は、扉厚を薄く維持しつつ把手部の発汗を防止でき、一般用はもちろん業務用の冷蔵庫やワインクーラーにも幅広く適用できる。   As described above, the present invention can prevent sweating of the handle portion while maintaining a thin door thickness, and can be widely applied to refrigerators and wine coolers for business use as well as general use.

1 冷蔵庫本体
2 外箱
3 内箱
4 発泡ウレタン
5 冷蔵室
6 切替室
7 製氷室
8 冷凍室
9 野菜室
10,11,12,13,14 扉
16 冷却室
17 冷却器
18 送風ファン
19 圧縮機
20 放熱パイプ
21 キャピラリーチューブ
22 引出レール取付金具
22a 引出レール
22b 支持体
23 内フレーム
24 縁枠
24a 端面
24b 透明前板支持片(ガラス板支持片)
25 透明前板(ガラス板)
26 接着剤
27 樹脂フィルム
28 着色層
29 発泡断熱材
30 真空断熱材
31 把手部
31a 奥壁
31b 熱拡散層
32 易接着層
33 両面テープ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigerator main body 2 Outer box 3 Inner box 4 Urethane foam 5 Refrigeration room 6 Switching room 7 Ice making room 8 Freezing room 9 Vegetable room 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 Door 16 Cooling room 17 Cooler 18 Air blower fan 19 Compressor 20 Radiation pipe 21 Capillary tube 22 Drawer rail mounting bracket 22a Drawer rail 22b Support body 23 Inner frame 24 Edge frame 24a End face 24b Transparent front plate support piece (glass plate support piece)
25 Transparent front plate (glass plate)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 26 Adhesive 27 Resin film 28 Colored layer 29 Foam heat insulating material 30 Vacuum heat insulating material 31 Handle part 31a Back wall 31b Thermal diffusion layer 32 Easy adhesion layer 33 Double-sided tape

Claims (3)

断熱性を有する冷蔵庫本体と扉からなり、前記扉は引出レールを有するとともに、上記扉は、その扉前面を構成する扉外装板と、扉外装板の内側に位置する内フレームと、前記扉外装板と内フレームとの間の外周面を構成する縁枠と、前記扉外装板と内フレームと縁枠との間の空間に充填発泡させた発泡断熱材とからなっていて、前記内フレームの内面に前記引出レールを取付ける取付金具を固着し、前記発泡断熱材中に真空断熱材を埋設した冷蔵庫であって、前記縁枠に発泡断熱材中へ窪ませて把手部を凹設形成するとともに、前記真空断熱材は前記取付金具と非接触状態になるように前記取付金具との間に設けた断熱支持体で前記真空断熱材の一端部を支持し、前記断熱支持体の傾斜面に沿って斜めに配置して前記真空断熱材の端部を前記把手部の奥壁内面と対向する部分まで位置させたことを特徴とする冷蔵庫。 It consists of a refrigerator main body and a door having heat insulation properties, and the door has a drawer rail, the door includes a door exterior plate constituting the door front surface, an inner frame positioned inside the door exterior plate, and the door exterior. An edge frame constituting an outer peripheral surface between the plate and the inner frame, and a foam heat insulating material filled and foamed in a space between the door exterior plate and the inner frame and the edge frame. A refrigerator in which a mounting bracket for attaching the pull-out rail is fixed to an inner surface, and a vacuum heat insulating material is embedded in the foam heat insulating material, and the handle portion is recessed and formed in the foam heat insulating material in the edge frame. The vacuum heat insulating material supports one end of the vacuum heat insulating material with a heat insulating support provided between the mounting metal fitting so as to be in a non-contact state with the mounting metal fitting, and follows the inclined surface of the heat insulating support body. disposed obliquely Te before the end of the vacuum heat insulating material Refrigerator, characterized in that is positioned to back wall inner surface facing the portion of the handle portion. 把手部の奥壁内面に熱拡散層を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の冷蔵庫。 The refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein a heat diffusion layer is provided on the inner surface of the back wall of the handle portion. 扉外装板はガラス板等の着色層付きの透明前板で構成するとともに発泡断熱材は発泡ウレタンとし、前記透明前板は発泡ウレタンによって接着保持してその外周部は透明前板挿入部等で覆うことなくそのまま露出状態とした請求項1または2に項記載の冷蔵庫。 The door exterior plate is made of a transparent front plate with a colored layer such as a glass plate, and the foam insulation is made of foamed urethane.The transparent front plate is bonded and held by foamed urethane, and the outer peripheral portion thereof is a transparent front plate insertion portion, etc. The refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the refrigerator is exposed as it is without being covered.
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JP2011237118A (en) * 2010-05-11 2011-11-24 Hitachi Appliances Inc Refrigerator and method for manufacturing the same
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