JP6228564B2 - Moulting promoting composition for reptiles - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a molting promoting composition, and more particularly to a molting promoting composition for reptiles.

  Reptiles such as snakes and sharks are very popular as pets due to their comical movement and mania, and varieties that were very rare until a long time ago are now being handled at many pet shops.

  Well, in general, reptiles grow with regular molting. However, unlike growing in nature, growing in a small space as a pet often results in incomplete molting due to stress or the like.

  Molting failure is undesirable for the growth of reptiles, causing bacterial infections and poor growth, and in severe cases, bacterial infections can worsen and even cut off limbs themselves.

  In order to eliminate such incomplete molting, hot water or water was applied to the incomplete molting portion and the skin was peeled off manually.

  However, when the skin is peeled by hand, it takes time and sometimes bites by reptiles, and humans may suffer from infection. Moreover, although the composition (refer nonpatent literature 1) which promotes molting by soaking a reptile has already been developed, the effect is inadequate and it was not able to molt completely. Furthermore, when peeled by hand or the above composition, reptiles may get infected after molting.

  Well, reptile skin is divided into epidermis and dermis, like animals including us. The epidermis is a protective tissue against stimuli from the outside world. Reptiles have a so-called dry structure that has a thick keratin layer outside the epidermis and prevents moisture evaporation in addition to the defense mechanism.

  This keratin layer has a three-layer structure of hard keratin (β-keratin), fat layer, and soft keratin (α-keratin) from the outside of the skin. This three-layer structure prevents evaporation of moisture and at the same time prevents entry of harmful substances from the outside world (see Non-Patent Document 2).

  Keratin and fat constituting the keratin layer are secreted from the epidermis. And in mammals, including humans, keratin is continuously secreted and replaced (so-called “drop off”). In contrast, in reptiles, there is a period in which the secretion of keratin is temporarily dormant, and the keratin layer newly born after the dormant period and the old keratin layer before the dormant period are not continuous. Therefore, a space is created between the old and new keratin layers, and the old keratin layer falls off from this space, so-called molting. The frequency of molting depends on the breeding environment, but in an ideal environment (environment close to the natural state), it is once every few weeks for small snakes. On the other hand, large snakes are considered to be about once a year.

  It has also been found that the body temperature during molting is 0.6 ° C. higher than the outside temperature. This is presumed to be because a large amount of energy is required to drop off the old keratin layer from the new keratin layer and to increase metabolic activity before and after molting. More specifically, in order to store an aqueous solution in the space of the new and old keratin layers, to supply energy necessary for promoting molting by intense body movement, and for metabolism immediately before and after molting, a large amount of Estimated to require energy.

"Seed Ys", [online], Kamihata Fish Farming Co., Ltd., [searched on November 15, 2014], Internet <http://www.kamihata.co.jp/reptile/r_0303.html> M.C.Tu et al. J. Experi. Biology. 3019-3030, 2002.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for promoting molting of reptiles that can easily promote molting of reptiles without manpower and does not impair the health of reptiles after molting.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition for promoting molting of reptiles that can prevent infection immediately after molting of reptiles and can quickly heal tissue repair due to damage during breeding such as burns caused by a heater.

  Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a composition for promoting molting of reptiles that is harmless to a breeder and can prevent infection when the breeder is bitten by a reptile.

  The inventors of the present invention based on the above estimation, that the molecular citric acid in the solution containing citric acid and its salt prevents the evaporation of moisture from the epidermis and at the same time prevents the entry of harmful substances from the outside world. We thought that the structure could be easily penetrated.

  In addition, based on the above estimation, the inventors entered the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) in epidermal cells by entering the molecular citrate into the epidermal cells of metabolism before, during and after molting. After that, I thought to produce ATP, an energy source, and to synthesize fat, cholesterol, proteins, nucleic acids, and so on.

  As a result of earnest examination based on the above-mentioned idea, the inventors activated the metabolism of the keratin layer in which molecular citric acid forms the outer layer of the reptile epidermis, and the keratin layer (former keratin layer) to be moulted The new keratin layer (new keratin layer) was promoted to be separated, and the whole body old keratin layer was completely separated from the new keratin layer (while keeping the whole body old keratin layer). And based on these knowledge, this invention was completed.

  That is, the molting acceleration | stimulation composition for reptiles of this invention contains a citric acid and its salt as an active ingredient. As a salt of citric acid, trisodium citrate is preferable. Moreover, the molting acceleration | stimulation composition for reptiles of this invention may contain antibiotics and saccharides.

  The composition for promoting molting of reptiles of the present invention can easily promote molting of reptiles by simply spraying the reptile skin. Thereby, the skin disease by the molting failure of a reptile can be suppressed, and a reptile can be reared in a healthy state.

  In addition, the composition for promoting molting of reptiles according to the present invention can prevent infection immediately after molting of reptiles, and can also quickly repair tissue repair due to damage during breeding such as burns caused by a heater.

  Furthermore, the molting promoting composition for reptiles of the present invention is harmless to the breeder and can also prevent infection against damage caused when the breeder is bitten by the reptile.

FIG. 1 is a photograph of the state of the garden tree bore before spraying. FIG. 2 is a photograph showing changes before and after spraying the garden tree bore. FIG. 3 is a photograph showing changes before and after spraying the entire garden tree bore. FIG. 4 is a photograph showing changes before and after spraying the entire coastal carpet python. FIG. 5 is a photograph of the state before the spraying of the leopard monkey. FIG. 6 is a photograph of a state after the spraying of a leopard monkey. FIG. 7 is a photograph of the results (experimental control) of spraying distilled water on a leopard dragon.

  The ecdysis promoting composition for reptiles of the present invention comprises citric acid and its salts as active ingredients. In addition, as a salt of citric acid, trisodium citrate is preferable. Moreover, the molting acceleration | stimulation composition for reptiles of this invention may contain the antibacterial agent and saccharides. Details of each component will be described below.

(1) Citric acid and its salt As the cation constituting the salt of citric acid, any cation that is harmless to living organisms and can be used pharmacologically can be used without particular limitation. . Specific examples of salts of citric acid that can be used include citric acid mono-, di-, tri-sodium and citric acid mono-, di-, tri-potassium. Among them, trivalent sodium salt and potassium salt of citric acid are preferable because pH adjustment is easy, and trisodium citrate is more preferable because there is no risk of cardiac arrest and the like. In addition, the salt of citric acid may be used independently and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.

The three carboxyl groups (-COOH) of citric acid (shown by the formula HCOOH-CH ₂ -COH (COOH) -CH ₂ -COOH pKa1 acid dissociation degree constant 3.13) are dependent on pH depending on molecular citric acid (- -COOH) and ionized citric acid (-COO ^- concentration ratio of the ionization H ⁺⁾ is different. For example, if the concentration ratio of molecular citric acid and ionized citric acid in the first acid dissociation is calculated ignoring the second and third acid dissociation, it is 10: 1 at pH 2.1, 1: 1 at pH 3.1, pH It is 1: 100 at 4.1 and 1: 10,000 at pH 6.3.

  In addition, molecular citric acid easily permeates the keratin layer and lipid layer and flows into the cell, whereas ionized citric acid cannot permeate the lipid layer, that is, the cell membrane. Therefore, the pH of the reptile molting promoting composition is preferably 1.5 or more and 4.0 or less, and more preferably 3.0 or less. The reason is as follows.

When the pH of the reptilian molting promoting composition is 1.5 or less, 90% or more of molecular citrate enters the cell, and the intracellular pH becomes 7.4. In this state, molecular citrate dissociates almost 100% in the cell and releases H ⁺ ions, so that the cell becomes acidic and cell damage occurs. In addition, when the pH of the reptilian molting promoting composition is 4.0 or more, the presence of molecular citric acid is negligible.

  In order to keep the pH of the molting promoting composition for reptiles within the above range, the amount of citric acid and its salt must be adjusted appropriately. For example, a reptile molting promoting composition is prepared by diluting a powder composition containing the component with distilled water or the like, and the concentration of the powder composition in the reptile molting promoting composition is 3% by weight / L. And when trisodium citrate is used as the salt of citric acid, the blending amount in the powder composition is 25 to 40% by weight of citric acid, and 8 to 18% by weight of trisodium citrate. is there.

(2) Antibiotic The molting promoting composition for reptiles of the present invention may contain an antibiotic in order to enhance the healing effect and the infection prevention effect by molting. Antibiotics can be used without particular limitation as long as they are known antibiotics such as antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, antiviral agents, and the like, which are soft and vulnerable to infectious diseases and protect skin immediately after molting from infectious diseases.

  Specifically, antibacterial agents include β-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfa drugs, and the like. Examples of antifungal agents include polyene, fluoropyrimidine, and imidazole antifungal agents. Furthermore, examples of the antiviral agent include a nucleic acid reverse transcriptase inhibitor, a non-nucleic acid reverse transcriptase inhibitor, and a protease inhibitor.

  In addition, these antibiotics may be used independently and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Of these, cetylpyridinium chloride is preferred because it is used as a topical medicine and a mouthwash in the human body and has been confirmed to be safe. Moreover, the concentration of the antibiotic in the molting promoting composition for reptiles can be set to any value within a range in which the antibacterial effect and safety can be ensured according to the type of antibiotic used.

(3) Saccharides The moulting accelerating composition for reptiles of the present invention may contain saccharides in order to make it sticky to the skin of reptiles by giving it mucous and slimy. As the saccharide, any known water-soluble saccharide can be used without particular limitation. Specifically, examples of monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, galactose, and mannose. Examples of the disaccharide include sucrose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, cellobiose and the like. Furthermore, examples of oligosaccharides higher than trisaccharide include stachyose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, and maltopentaose. In addition, examples of polysaccharides include dextran, pullulan, and sodium alginate.

  In addition, these saccharides may be used independently and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Of these, disaccharides are preferably included because of low cost and availability, and lactose and maltose are more preferable. The concentration of saccharides in the reptile molting promoting composition can be set to an arbitrary value within a range in which the fixing effect and solubility of reptiles on the skin can be ensured according to the type of saccharide used.

(4) Others The molting promoting composition for reptiles of the present invention is a known substance other than (1) citric acid and its salt, (2) antibiotics, and (3) saccharides, as long as the effect is not impaired. May be included. For example, it may contain a pH adjuster for adjusting pH, a stabilizer, a fragrance and the like.

(5) Preparation Method The molting promoting composition for reptiles of the present invention can be prepared by a known method for preparing a composition containing a water-soluble component. For example, each component may be weighed and mixed, and these may be dissolved in water. Moreover, after preparing the concentrated liquid (for example, 10 times solution) of each component, you may mix a concentrated liquid with water. Furthermore, you may add well-known melt | dissolution operation, such as heating / cooling and pH adjustment, as needed.

(6) Method of administration to reptiles The molting promoting composition for reptiles of the present invention is applied to reptiles by a publicly known method of directly contacting the skin. Specifically, the reptile molting promoting composition may be put in a sprayer and sprayed onto the skin of the reptile, or the reptile molting promoting composition may be put in a wash basin or the like and the reptile may be pickled.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples. The claims of the present invention are not limited in any way by the following examples.

1. Preparation of moulting promoting composition 30% by weight of citric acid, 15% by weight of trisodium citrate, 40% by weight of lactose, 10% by weight of maltose, 2.5% by weight of cetylpyridinium chloride, 2.5% by weight of anhydrous silicic acid Each component was weighed and then each weighed component was mixed to prepare a powder composition. A molting promoting composition was prepared by dissolving in distilled water so that the concentration of the prepared powder composition was 3% by weight / L.

2. Evaluation of molting acceleration composition The molting acceleration composition prepared in Example 1 was sprayed on reptiles, and the molting acceleration effect was examined. Details thereof will be described below. Note that distilled water was used as an experimental control.

(1) Experimental animals The experimental animals used are commercially available reptiles such as Garden Tree Boa (2 years old, male), Coastal Carpet Python (approximately 2 years old, female), and Leopard Starfish (3 years old, male). did.

(2) Experimental method In order to facilitate spraying on reptiles, the prepared molting promoting composition is poured into a sprayer and sprayed onto the whole body of reptiles once a day for 10 days, and the state of molting is confirmed visually. did. The reptiles were photographed before and after spraying. The results are shown in FIGS.

(3) Experimental results 1) In the case of a garden tree bore FIG. 1 is a photograph of a state before a garden tree bore is sprayed. 1 (a) is a normal photograph, FIG. 1 (b) is a photograph in which the molting defect site is displayed with a white line, and FIG. 1 (c) is a photograph in which the molting defect site is emphasized by image processing. . In this garden tree bore, double molting insufficiency developed throughout the body, and the part of the skin emphasized by image processing became hard, and the part was in a state that could not be peeled off without manual intervention.

  FIG. 2 is a photograph showing changes before and after spraying the garden tree bore of FIG. Fig. 2 (a) is a photograph before spraying of the molting promoting composition, and Fig. 2 (b) is a photograph after spraying of the molting promoting composition. As shown in FIG. 2, it was found that the double molting failure was solved by spraying the molting promoting composition, and the skin color was also completely developed.

  FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the change before and after spraying the entire garden tree bore of FIG. FIG. 3 (a) is a photograph before spraying of the molting promoting composition, and FIG. 3 (b) is a photograph after spraying of the molting promoting composition. As shown in FIG. 3, it was found that in the garden tree bore, the skin color was more vividly colored and the pattern became clearer by spraying the molting promoting composition.

2) Case of Coastal Carpet Python FIG. 4 is a photograph showing changes before and after spraying the entire coastal carpet python. FIG. 4 (a) is a photograph before spraying of the molting promoting composition, and FIG. 4 (b) is a photograph after spraying of the molting promoting composition. As shown in FIG. 4, in the coastal carpet python, it was found that spraying the molting promoting composition completely exfoliated and the skin color was more vividly developed.

3) In the case of a leopard beetle FIG. 5 is a photograph of the entire state of the leopard beetle before spraying. FIG. 5 (a) is a photograph showing a state immediately before molting, in which the skin begins to float as a whole and the color of the skin becomes white. Moreover, FIG.5 (b) is a photograph which shows the state which the skin peeled partially. As shown in FIG. 5, in a state where the molting promoting composition of the present invention is not sprayed, a part of the skin is drowned, and it becomes easy to suffer from an infection.

  FIG. 6 is a photograph showing the result of spraying the molting promoting composition of the present invention on the leopard human lizard of FIG. FIG. 6 (a) is an enlarged photograph of a part of the sprayed body, and as shown in this photograph, the sprayed molting promoting composition can penetrate to the keratin layer of the skin without being repelled. I understood.

  FIG. 6 (b) is an overall photograph, and as shown in this photograph, it was found that reptiles can be completely moulted by spraying the molting composition of the present invention. Furthermore, it was found that this photo was able to treat injuries and burn wounds that were difficult to understand.

  FIG. 7 is a photograph showing the result (experimental control) of spraying distilled water on the leopard human lizard of FIG. FIG. 7A is an enlarged photograph of a part of the body sprayed with distilled water, and it was found that the sprayed distilled water immediately flows out. Moreover, FIG.7 (b) has shown the state which immersed the whole body in distilled water. As shown in FIG. 7B, it was found that even when the entire body was immersed in distilled water, the distilled water penetrated into the skin and did not promote molting.

  As described above, from FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, it was found that, in the leopard human lizard, by the spraying of the molting promoting composition, it completely peeled and the wounds on the skin could be treated.

4) Summary From FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, it was confirmed that when the molting promoter of the present invention was sprayed on reptiles, the skin exfoliated cleanly and uniformly, and the peeled skin was gathered together. On the other hand, when distilled water, which is an experimental control, was sprayed onto reptiles, it was confirmed that the distilled water was repelled by the reptile skin and did not penetrate, resulting in incomplete molting. From the above results, it was confirmed that the molting promoting composition of the present invention has an effect of promoting molting of reptiles.

Claims (4)

  A molting promoting composition for reptiles containing citric acid and its salts as active ingredients.   The molting promotion composition for reptiles according to claim 1, wherein the salt of citric acid is trisodium citrate.   The molting acceleration | stimulation composition for reptiles of Claim 1 containing an antibiotic.   The molting acceleration | stimulation composition for reptiles of Claim 1 containing saccharides.