JP6212130B2 - 鉱物成核剤を利用した凍結方法 - Google Patents
鉱物成核剤を利用した凍結方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6212130B2 JP6212130B2 JP2015546097A JP2015546097A JP6212130B2 JP 6212130 B2 JP6212130 B2 JP 6212130B2 JP 2015546097 A JP2015546097 A JP 2015546097A JP 2015546097 A JP2015546097 A JP 2015546097A JP 6212130 B2 JP6212130 B2 JP 6212130B2
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- nucleating agent
- feldspar
- moisture content
- mineral nucleating
- mineral
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0205—Chemical aspects
- A01N1/021—Preservation or perfusion media, liquids, solids or gases used in the preservation of cells, tissue, organs or bodily fluids
- A01N1/0221—Freeze-process protecting agents, i.e. substances protecting cells from effects of the physical process, e.g. cryoprotectants, osmolarity regulators like oncotic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0236—Mechanical aspects
- A01N1/0263—Non-refrigerated containers specially adapted for transporting or storing living parts whilst preserving, e.g. cool boxes, blood bags or "straws" for cryopreservation
- A01N1/0268—Carriers for immersion in cryogenic fluid, both for slow-freezing and vitrification, e.g. open or closed "straws" for embryos, oocytes or semen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0278—Physical preservation processes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0278—Physical preservation processes
- A01N1/0284—Temperature processes, i.e. using a designated change in temperature over time
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
- A23G9/32—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G9/325—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
・ 直径が2mm〜4mm、長さが140mmまでで、容量が0.2mL〜0.5mLの薄壁管である細管(straw)
・ 直径が約12.5mm、容量が0.5mL〜5.0mLの広径短管である凍結バイアル(cryovial)
・ 比較的に多い量の凍結保存用の5mL〜1000mLの容量のフレキシブルバッグ
・ ロボット工学および高処理量スクリーニング処理で利用されるマイクロタイタープレート(microtitre plate)、マトリックス管、および他のSBS規格の容器
(A)容器内で含水分を鉱物成核剤と接触させるステップ、および
(B)鉱物成核剤によって氷が非自然発生的に形成されることを促進させるべく、含水分を冷却するステップ。
(A’)含水分を容器に加えるステップと、
(A”)離散形態で鉱物成核剤を容器に加えるステップと、
である。
(C)生物体または処方体の含水分を脱水するステップ、
を含む。
MF2000プロトタイプの電気作動式コントロールレートフリーザ(アシンプトート リミテッド(Asymptote Ltd.)社製、ケンブリッジ市、英国)内に設置された凍結バイアル(サーモ フィッシャー(Thermo Fisher)社製)において実験が実施された。バイアルは2℃/分の冷却速度にて室温から4℃にまで5分間で冷却され、続いて、1℃/分の冷却速度で成核が発生するまで冷却された。成核は各バイアル内のT型熱電対(T−type thermocouple)によって検知され、融解熱が放出される温度が記録された。表1は、異なる水溶液内に置かれた長石材料における、平均核形成温度(核形成の平均温度)を示す。
精子細胞の凍結防止のために細管内で実験が実施された。細管は2つの綿製“プラグ”間で封入された1端にPVA(ポリ酢酸ビニル)を含む。PVAは細管から空にされ、粉末形態の鉱物成核剤で置換された。細管はEF600の電気作動式コントロールレートフリーザ(アシンプトート リミテッド(Asymptote Ltd.)社製、ケンブリッジ市、英国)内に配置され、2℃/分の冷却速度にて室温から4℃にまで冷却され、続いて、5分間4℃に保持され、1℃/分の速度で核形成が生じるまで冷却された。成核状況は各細管内で成核剤に反対側のT型熱電対によって検知され、融解熱が放出される温度が記録された。
長石の異なる調合物が調製されて実施例1で試験され、消費者品質の冷凍庫に2週間保管され、同一の実験プロトコルを利用して最終的に再び試験された。表3は、異なる長石溶液の1回目の試験、および2回目の試験における、平均核形成温度(核形成の平均温度)を示す。
アルギン酸塩内に封入された多細胞肝臓スフェロイドの回復を判定するために解凍72時間後に実験が実施された。メタボリック(metabolic)な生体染色色素(二酢酸フルオレセインとヨウ化プロピジウム)を使用して生存細胞数が測定された。凍結防止剤として12%のDMSOを用い、減速冷却法を利用して凍結保存が実施された。サンプルとして、(a)成核剤を利用しないサンプルと、(b)標準的な成核剤としてコレステロールを利用したサンプルと、(c)ダスト(1μm〜5μmの直径)として長石を利用したサンプルと、(d)ビーズ(6mmの直径)として長石を利用したサンプルが冷却された。結果を図3に示す。
液体食品製品内の結晶サイズを減少させる鉱物粉末の効果を実証するため、家庭用アイスクリームメーカと商業的に入手できるハーゲンダッツ(登録商標)のバニラを使用して実験が実施された。実験は、500mLの純粋溶解アイスクリームと、3粒の溶解スノマックス(登録商標)と混合された500mLの溶解アイスクリームと、10mLの水に分散された1.2gの粉末カリ長石(powdered K−Feldspar)と混合された500mLの溶解アイスクリームとで実施された。これら3種の全てのサンプルは、約15℃の開始温度のアイスクリームメーカ内に置かれ、アイスクリームメーカのスイッチが入れられた。アイスクリームメーカは継続的に撹拌しながらアイスクリームを約−20℃に冷却した。アイスクリームは直ちにプラスチック容器に移され、−18℃のフリーザ内に置かれ、36時間放置された。アイスクリームサンプル間の相互汚染を防止するために常に細心の注意が払われた。
Claims (16)
- 生物体または処方体の含水分を凍結させる方法であって、
(A)前記含水分を容器内で鉱物成核剤と接触させるステップと、
(B)前記鉱物成核剤によって氷が非自然発生的に形成されることを促進させて前記含水分をその融点に対して8℃未満の過冷却にて凍結させるべく、前記含水分を冷却するステップと、
を含んでいることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記鉱物成核剤は、長石、シリカ、霞石、葉長石、白榴石、方ソーダ石、灰霞石、柱石、方沸石および沸石で成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記鉱物成核剤は立体網状ケイ酸塩である、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記鉱物成核剤は立体網状アルミノケイ酸塩である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記鉱物成核剤は長石または準長石である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記鉱物成核剤は長石である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記鉱物成核剤は、NaAlSi3O8とKAlSi3O8が支配的に含まれる長石である、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記鉱物成核剤は、KAlSi3O8が支配的に含まれる長石である、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記鉱物成核剤は、CaAl2Si2O8とNaAlSi3O8が支配的に含まれる長石である、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記鉱物成核剤は、NaAlSi3O8が支配的に含まれる長石である、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記含水分は医療用処方剤の含水分である、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記含水分は処方された食材の含水分である、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記含水分は生物体の含水分である、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記生物体は、細胞または細胞の凝集体である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(A)は、
(A’)前記含水分を前記容器に加えるステップと、
(A”)離散形態で前記鉱物成核剤を前記容器に加えるステップと、
である、請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記鉱物成核剤が、前記容器内あるいはその一部内、またはその表面の全体上あるいはその一部上に存在するものであり、
前記鉱物成核剤の活性核形成部位が前記含水分に効果的に曝露されるものであり、
前記ステップ(A)は、前記含水分を前記容器に加えることにより行われる、
請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の方法。
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