JP6180899B2 - Crushing machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crusher suitable for a bag breaking process that breaks a bag body containing various substances and discharges the contents, and a rough crushing process that crushes a substance to a relatively large size in the previous stage of a series of processing steps. .

  Municipal waste and waste discharged in various industries are subjected to processing for reducing the dimensions in advance in order to be subjected to various processing for recycling and final disposal. In order to perform such processing, conventionally, a crusher having two crushing rotors equipped with a rotary blade has been used.

  As this type of crusher, as shown in FIG. 16, two crushing rotors 102 and 202 are arranged in parallel to each other in a casing 201 having an inlet 201a at the top and a discharge port 201b at the bottom. There is (for example, Patent Document 1). The crushing rotor 102 of the crusher 200 is formed by fixing a plurality of rotary blades 204 to two rotating shafts 203 and 203 that are rotationally driven by a motor (not shown). On the inner wall surface of the casing 201, fixed blades 205, 205 disposed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of each rotary shaft 203 and the rotation path of the rotary blade 204 are provided.

  The rotary blade 204 of the crushing rotor 102 is formed with a cutting edge forward in the rotation direction, and the cutting edge of the rotary blade 204 of one crushing rotor 102 and the cutting edge of the rotary blade 204 of the other crushing rotor 102 are opposite to each other. It is fixed to face the direction. The two rotary shafts 203 and 203 are rotationally driven in directions opposite to each other so that the rotary blade 204 moves from the input port 201a to the discharge port 201b between the rotary shafts 203 and 203 when viewed in the axial direction. Thereby, the rotary blades 204 and 204 of the two rotary shafts 203 and 203 exert a shearing action to crush the workpiece. Further, the fixed blades 205 and 205 fixed to the inner wall surface of the casing 201 pass between the fixed blade 205 and the rotary blade 204 when the rotary blades 204 driven to rotate by the respective rotary shafts 203 approach each other. The material to be processed is crushed by exerting a shearing action.

  In this crushing machine 200, in the crushing operation for crushing an object to be processed, the two rotary shafts 203 and 203 are rotationally driven in the opposite directions at the same speed. During crushing operation, when a crushing difficult object such as a metal lump or rock is caught in the rotary blade 204, the biting is detected by overload of the motor, and the rotation direction of both rotary shafts 203 is changed for a short time. It is designed to solve the biting of difficult-to-crush objects by repeating forward and reverse repeated operation. Further, even when a string-like or belt-like workpiece is entangled with the rotary shaft 203 or the rotary blade 204, forward and reverse repeated operation is performed to unravel the tangled workpiece.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-038515

  However, the conventional crusher 200 has a relatively low shear capability of the workpiece, and the workpiece is likely to remain long, so that the workpiece is likely to get entangled with the rotary shaft 203 and the rotary blade 204. There is. If the workpiece is likely to get entangled, there is a problem that the time for performing the forward and reverse repeated operation becomes longer and the processing efficiency of the crusher 200 is lowered. Moreover, even if forward / reverse repetitive operation is performed, there is a problem in that it is difficult to remove an object to be entangled with the rotary shaft 203 or the rotary blade 204 due to the presence of the fixed blade 205 adjacent to the rotary shaft 203 or the rotary blade 204. Since the object to be processed that cannot be removed by performing forward and reverse repetitive operation needs to be removed manually by stopping the operation, there is a problem that it takes time and effort to remove the processing efficiency. Furthermore, when the rotating blade 204 bites a difficult-to-crush object, the crushing-hard object cannot be removed from the crushing rotor 102 even if forward and reverse repeated operation is performed. Later, it is necessary to stop the operation and manually remove difficult-to-crush objects. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes time and effort to remove difficult-to-crush objects, and the processing efficiency is lowered by stopping the operation.

  Then, the subject of this invention is providing the crusher which can prevent the problem which a to-be-processed object gets involved in a blade or a shaft while being able to crush an object to be processed effectively. It is another object of the present invention to provide a crusher that can easily remove a tangled workpiece even when the workpiece is entangled with a blade or a shaft, and can increase the processing efficiency. It is another object of the present invention to provide a crusher that can easily remove clogged crushing substances and increase the processing efficiency even if crushing difficult substances mixed in the object to be processed are caught in a blade or a shaft.

In order to solve the above problems, the crusher of the present invention includes a casing having an input port and a discharge port for a workpiece,
A crushing rotor disposed in the casing and having a crushing blade that is rotationally driven in a normal rotation direction and crushes the workpiece;
Located adjacent to the crushing rotor in the casing, driven in a direction opposite to the crushing rotor at a lower peripheral speed than the crushing rotor, and moved in the direction from the input port to the discharge port between the crushing rotor A transport rotor having support means that is driven to rotate in the forward rotation direction and transports the workpiece to be crushed by the crushing blade of the crushing rotor;
Located in the casing adjacent to the crushing rotor, driven in the opposite direction to the crushing rotor at a lower peripheral speed than the crushing rotor, and moved in the direction from the discharge port to the input port between the crushing rotor And a removal rotor having a removal means that is driven to rotate in the normal rotation direction and removes the workpiece entangled with the crushing rotor.

  According to the said structure, the to-be-processed object thrown in from the inlet of a casing is crushed by the crushing blade of the crushing rotor driven in the direction opposite to this conveyance rotor while being supported by the support means of a conveyance rotor. The transport rotor is rotationally driven in a direction opposite to the crushing rotor at a lower peripheral speed than the crushing rotor, and is rotationally driven in the forward rotation direction that moves in the direction from the input port to the discharge port between the crushing rotor. The workpiece to be crushed by the crushing blade of the crushing rotor can be conveyed toward the discharge port while being supported. Thereby, since the reaction force which arises in a to-be-processed object when it is crushed with a crushing blade can be stably supported with a conveyance rotor, a to-be-processed object can be effectively crushed and discharged from a discharge port. In addition, the removal rotor is rotationally driven in a direction opposite to the crushing rotor at a lower peripheral speed than the crushing rotor, and is driven to rotate in the forward rotation direction moving in the direction from the discharge port to the charging port with the crushing rotor. By applying a force in the reverse direction opposite to the normal rotation direction of the crushing rotor to the object to be processed entangled with the crushing rotor, the object to be processed can be easily separated from the crushing rotor and dropped to the inlet side. . Therefore, while the crushing rotor is rotationally driven in the normal rotation direction to crush the workpiece, the workpiece entangled with the crushing rotor can be effectively removed. As a result, the frequency at which the crushing rotor is stopped in order to remove the workpiece entangled with the crushing rotor is significantly reduced, and a crusher with high processing efficiency can be obtained.

  In the crusher of one embodiment, the removal means of the removal rotor is a blade that is radially arranged in the axial direction and whose tip is inclined in the reverse direction opposite to the normal direction with respect to the radial direction.

  According to the above embodiment, the removal rotor includes the removal means formed by the blades that are radially arranged in the axial direction and whose tip is inclined in the reverse rotation direction opposite to the normal rotation direction with respect to the radial direction. A force in the reverse direction can be effectively applied to the crushing rotor that is rotationally driven at a higher peripheral speed than the removal rotor. Therefore, the workpiece entangled with the crushing rotor can be effectively separated from the crushing rotor and dropped to the inlet side.

  In the crusher of one embodiment, the removal means of the removal rotor includes a first removal means that is driven to rotate close to the crushing blade of the crushing rotor, a crushing blade adjacent to the crushing rotor in the axial direction, and crushing Second removing means that is driven to rotate close to the portion between the blades.

  According to the above embodiment, the object to be processed entangled with the crushing blade of the crushing rotor is removed by the first removing means, and the object to be entangled with the part between the crushing blade of the crushing rotor and the crushing blade is removed. Since it can remove by 2 removal means, the to-be-processed object entangled with the crushing rotor can be removed effectively.

  In the crusher of one embodiment, the removal rotor is arranged on the opposite side of the conveyance rotor with respect to the crushing rotor.

  According to the above embodiment, the object to be processed entangled with the crushing rotor is removed by the removal rotor disposed on the opposite side of the conveying rotor with respect to the crushing rotor while crushing the object to be processed with the crushing rotor and the conveying rotor. can do.

  In the crusher of one embodiment, the support means of the transport rotor hooks the object to be processed and supports the reaction force of crushing by the crushing blade of the crushing rotor, while the object to be processed is facing downward. It is formed to drop off.

  According to the embodiment, when the object to be processed is crushed by the crushing blade of the crushing rotor, the object to be processed is crushed by the crushing blade by being hooked by the support means of the conveying rotor. The reaction force generated in is supported. Therefore, the workpiece is effectively crushed with the crushing blade. On the other hand, when the support means of the transport rotor faces downward, the object to be processed that has been hooked drops from the support means, so that the crushed object to be processed can be quickly discharged from the discharge port.

  In the crusher of one embodiment, the support means of the transport rotor is formed such that the tip portion faces the reverse rotation direction opposite to the normal rotation direction when viewed in the axial direction of the transport rotor.

  According to the above-described embodiment, the object to be processed is effectively used when the tip portion is crushed by the crushing blade of the crushing rotor by the support means formed so as to face the reverse rotation direction opposite to the normal rotation direction of the transport rotor. On the other hand, the object to be processed can be easily dropped when the support means faces downward. Here, it is preferable that the support means has an unequal triangular shape in which the edge in the forward rotation direction is longer than the edge in the reverse rotation direction when viewed in the axial direction. Moreover, it is preferable that the tip of the support means be inclined so that the angle bisector of the tip portion faces the reverse direction with respect to the radial direction of the transport rotor. Further, the shape of the support means may include a curved line or a curved surface. Further, the support means may be formed in a hook shape so as to hook an object to be processed.

  In the crusher according to an embodiment, the crushing rotor, the conveyance rotor, and the removal rotor are rotated at a circumferential speed of 1, the crushing rotor has a circumferential speed of 5 to 30 and the removal rotor has a rotation speed of 1. The peripheral speed is set to a ratio of 0.2 to 2.

  According to the above embodiment, by setting the peripheral speed of the crushing rotor to a ratio of 5 to 30 with respect to the peripheral speed of the transport rotor, the reaction force generated in the workpiece during crushing with the crushing blade is stabilized. Since it is supported by the conveying roller, the workpiece can be crushed stably and effectively. Further, by setting the peripheral speed of the removal rotor to a ratio of 0.2 or more and 2 or less with respect to the peripheral speed of the transport rotor, a force in the reverse direction is effectively applied to the crushing rotor to crush the workpiece. It can be effectively separated from the rotor and removed. Here, the peripheral speed of the crushing rotor is preferably a ratio of 10 or more and 20 or less with respect to the peripheral speed of the transport rotor, and particularly preferably about 16 times. The circumferential speed of the removal rotor is preferably 0.4 to 1 and more preferably about 0.5 times the circumferential speed of the transport rotor.

  In one embodiment, when a workpiece is wound around the crushing rotor, the crushing rotor is rotationally driven in a reverse direction opposite to the normal rotation direction, and the removal rotor is opposite to the normal rotation direction. The winding release operation that rotates in the reverse direction is performed.

  According to the above-described embodiment, the object to be processed wound around the crushing rotor is effectively removed by performing the winding release operation for rotating the crushing rotor in the reverse rotation direction and rotating the removal rotor in the reverse rotation direction. Can do.

The crusher of one embodiment has an opening provided at a side position of the removal rotor on the wall of the casing,
An opening and closing door for opening and closing the opening,
When an object to be processed is caught between the crushing rotor and the transfer rotor, the opening / closing door is opened to release the opening, and the crushing rotor is rotated in a reverse direction opposite to the normal rotation direction. The discharge operation is performed in which the transport rotor is rotationally driven in the reverse rotation direction opposite to the normal rotation direction while the removal rotor is rotationally driven in the normal rotation direction.

  According to the above-described embodiment, the crushing rotor and the crushing rotor are transported by performing a discharge operation that rotationally drives the crushing rotor in the reverse rotation direction and rotationally drives the conveyance rotor in the reverse rotation direction, while rotating the removal rotor in the normal rotation direction. The object to be processed caught between the rotor is taken out, the object to be processed is moved to the opening by the rotational force of the crushing rotor and the removal rotor, and the object to be processed is opened from the opening opened by opening and closing the door. Can be discharged.

It is a cross-sectional view which shows the crusher of embodiment of this invention. It is a plane sectional view in the arrangement position of a crushing rotor and a conveyance roller of a crusher. It is a cross-sectional view in the arrangement position of the crushing blade of a crushing rotor. It is a transverse cross section in the arrangement position of the engagement tooth of a crushing rotor. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a crushing rotor. It is a transverse cross section in the arrangement position of the crushing blade of a conveyance rotor. It is a transverse cross section in the arrangement position of the engagement tooth of a conveyance rotor. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conveyance rotor. It is a transverse cross section in the arrangement position of the 1st blade of a removal rotor. It is a cross-sectional view in the arrangement position of the 2nd blade of a removal rotor. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a removal rotor. It is a side view of a crusher. It is a cross-sectional view which shows a mode that the opening part of the crusher was opened. It is a front view which shows the crusher provided with the rocking | fluctuation biasing mechanism of the removal rotor. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the arrangement position of the removal rotor of the crusher of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional crusher.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

  A crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention is a flexible container bag (hereinafter referred to as a flexible container) that uses a mixture of non-combustible materials such as earth and sand and combustible materials such as felled trees, cloth, paper, and plastic. A bag-containing waste contained in a bag) is crushed to obtain both crushed pieces of waste and a flexible container bag. The flexible container bag is made of a bag body made of a flammable resin fiber such as polypropylene or polyethylene, and is formed in such a manner that the bag body is sewn in a loop shape to suspend the bag body, such as polypropylene or polyethylene. And a belt made of a combustible resin fiber and capable of accommodating contents of several hundred kilograms to several tons. In addition, the crusher of this invention can be used for the rough crushing which crushes the material of a comparatively big dimension, when reducing a dimension through various steps | paragraphs of various materials.

  Drawing 1 is a transverse cross section showing the crusher of an embodiment. The crusher C includes a main body casing 10 having an input port 10a formed at the upper end and a discharge port 10b formed at the lower end, a crushing rotor 1, a conveying rotor 2 and a removal rotor 3 disposed in the main body casing 10. Have The casing 10 is formed in a hopper shape having an upper portion whose diameter is increased toward the top inlet 10a. In this casing 10, a crushing rotor 1 that crushes the object to be processed, a transfer rotor 2 that conveys the object to be processed to the crushing rotor 1, and a removal rotor 3 that removes the object to be processed entangled with the crushing rotor 1. And are arranged. The crushing rotor 1 and the conveyance rotor 2 are arranged such that the crushing rotor 1 is biased toward the discharge port 10b with respect to the conveyance rotor 2 in the direction connecting the input port 10a and the discharge port 10b. Further, the disposition rotor 2 and the removal rotor 3 are arranged such that the removal rotor 2 is biased to the discharge port 10b side with respect to the crushing rotor 1 in the direction connecting the input port 10a and the discharge port 10b. The conveyance rotor 2, the crushing rotor 1, and the removal rotor 3 are arranged in this order so as to be inclined in the axial direction so as to be closer to the discharge port 10 b toward the removal rotor 3 from the conveyance rotor 2.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the crusher C at the arrangement position of the crushing rotor 1, the conveyance rotor 2, and the removal rotor 3. The mode which cut | disconnected the crusher C along with was shown typically. In FIG. 2, the crushing rotor 1, the conveying rotor 2, and the removal rotor 3 are not cut surfaces, but show a side surface viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axis. The crushing rotor 1 has a rotating shaft 12, an annular crushing blade mount 40 fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 12, and a plurality of crushing blades 4, 4, 4,. . The transport rotor 2 includes a rotating shaft 13, an annular locking blade mount 50 fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 13, and locking blades 5, 5 as a plurality of support means fixed to the locking blade mount 50. 5,. The removing rotor 3 is a rotating shaft 14, a plurality of annular support disks 61 fixed at predetermined intervals along the rotating shaft 14, and first removing means arranged between the supporting disks 61. A plurality of first blades 6 and a plurality of second blades 62 as second removing means provided between the support disks 61 are provided. The first blade 6 and the second blade 62 are alternately arranged between the support disks 61 adjacent in the axial direction. A fixed blade 7 adjacent to the transport rotor 2 is disposed on the inner surface of the casing 10. The rotating shaft 12 of the crushing rotor 1, the rotating shaft 13 of the transport rotor 2, and the rotating shaft 14 of the removal rotor 3 are driven so as to be able to rotate forward and backward by a motor (not shown).

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the crushing rotor 1 at a position where the crushing blade 4 is arranged, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the crushing rotor 1 at a position where the engaging teeth 8 are arranged, and FIG. FIG. The crushing blade 4 provided on the crushing rotor 1 is fixed to an annular crushing blade mount 40 having a convex cross section that is fixed by being fitted around the rotary shaft 12 with a plurality of bolts 42 arranged in the circumferential direction. . The crushing blade 4 includes a crushing blade body 4a that protrudes radially outward from the crushing blade mount 40 in an axial view, and a base 4b that is fixed to the crushing blade mount 40 in contact with the rotation axis direction of the crushing blade mount 40. Have. The crushing blade main body 4a has a substantially trapezoidal shape when viewed in the direction of the rotation axis, and is formed on a cutting edge extending in the radial direction with a cross section having a sharp front edge in the forward rotation direction indicated by an arrow R1. On the other hand, the rear edge of the crushing blade body 4a in the rotational direction is formed into a peak having a square cross section and inclined with respect to the radial direction. Thereby, when the crushing rotor 1 rotates in the forward rotation direction indicated by the arrow R1, the workpiece is cut at the front edge of the blade edge, while when the crushing rotor 1 rotates in the reverse rotation direction indicated by the arrow R11, It is formed to move the object to be processed at the peak on the back side of. The base 4b of the crushing blade 4 is formed in an arc shape extending longer on both sides in the circumferential direction than the crushing blade main body 4a when viewed in the rotation axis direction.

  In the crushing rotor 1, a plurality of pieces arranged radially on the outer peripheral side of the rotary shaft 12 between the crushing blades 4 and between the inner wall surface of the casing 10 and the crushing blades 4 facing in the axial direction in the axial direction. Plate-like engaging teeth 8, 8, 8,... Are attached. The engaging teeth 8 are formed in a corrugated shape whose front end edge engages with the workpiece. The engagement teeth 8 of the crushing rotor 1 are driven to rotate close to the rotation path of the locking blade 5 of the transport rotor 2 and close to the rotation path of the first blade 6 of the removal rotor 3. The workpiece to be engaged with the engagement teeth 8 is removed by the first blade 6 of the removal rotor 3.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the engagement teeth 8 provided on the crushing rotor 1 are fixed to an annular engagement tooth mount 82 having a rectangular cross section that is fixed by being externally fitted to the rotary shaft 12 via an attachment member 81. Has been. The attachment member 81 has an attachment portion that protrudes in the radial direction and is attached to the engagement tooth 8 at the center of the curved belt portion of a quarter arc that is fixed along the outer peripheral surface of the engagement tooth mount 82. Four attachment members 81 are fixed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the engagement tooth mount 82, and each of the attachment members 81 holds a total of four engagement teeth 8. Each of the four attachment members 81 has its curved belt portion fixed to the engaging tooth mount 82 by a bolt 83, and a connecting portion 84 projecting radially at the end portion is fixed by a bolt 85 and connected to each other. ing. The engagement teeth 8 are formed so that the attachment position in the radial direction can be adjusted with respect to the attachment portion of the attachment member 81. As a result, the distance between the rotation path of the front end of the engagement tooth 8 and the rotation path of the front end of the first blade 6 of the removal rotor 3, the rotation path of the front end of the engagement tooth 8, and the relationship between the conveyance rotor 2. The distance between the rotation path at the tip of the stationary blade 5 can be adjusted.

  As shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5, the crushing blade mount 40 to which the crushing blade 4 is attached and the engagement tooth mount 82 to which the engagement teeth 8 are attached are axially arranged on the rotary shaft 12 of the crushing rotor 1. Are arranged alternately. The engagement tooth mounts 82 located at both ends of the crushing rotor 1 are provided with a plurality of scrapers 45, 45, 45,... Extending in the radial direction on the end surfaces facing the inner surface of the casing 10. The scraper 45 prevents inconvenience that the workpiece is clogged between the engagement tooth mount 82 and the casing 10.

  6 is a cross-sectional view of the conveying rotor 2 at the position where the locking blade 5 is arranged, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the conveying rotor 2 at the position where the engaging teeth 9 are arranged, and FIG. FIG. The locking blade 5 provided on the transport rotor 2 is fixed to a ring-shaped locking blade mount 50 having a convex cross section that is fixed by being fitted around the rotary shaft 13 with a plurality of bolts 52 arranged in the circumferential direction. ing. The locking blade 5 is locked in contact with the locking blade main body 5a as three supporting means protruding outward in the radial direction from the locking blade mount 50 in the axial direction, and in the rotational axis direction of the locking blade mount 50. And a base portion 5b fixed to the blade mount 50. The locking blade main body 5a as the support means has a triangular shape with unequal sides in the direction of the rotation axis, and the front edge in the forward rotation direction indicated by the arrow R2 is formed longer than the rear edge in the rotation direction. ing. Thereby, when viewed in the direction of the rotation axis, the distal end portion of the locking blade body 5a is formed such that the angle bisector is inclined with respect to the radial direction and faces the reverse direction indicated by the arrow R21. The locking blade body 5a formed in this way stably supports the object to be processed when being crushed by the crushing blade 4. The base portion 5b of the locking blade 5 is formed in an arc shape having a circumferential length corresponding to the three locking blade bodies 5a, 5a, 5a when viewed in the rotation axis direction. The locking blade body 5a as the support means may have other shapes as long as the angle bisector of the tip portion is inclined so as to face the reverse direction with respect to the radial direction of the transport rotor. For example, the shape of the locking blade body 5a may include a curved line or a curved surface. Moreover, the latching blade main body 5a may be formed in a hook shape for hooking a workpiece.

  A plurality of plate-like engagement teeth 9, 9, 9,... Arranged radially on the outer peripheral side of the rotary shaft 13 are attached to the transport rotor 2 between the locking blades 5 in the axial direction. It has been. The engaging teeth 9 are formed in a corrugated shape whose front end edge engages with the workpiece. When the engaging teeth 9 of the conveying rotor 2 are driven to rotate, the engaging teeth 9 approach the rotation path of the crushing blade 4 of the crushing rotor 1 and pass through a gap formed between the conveying rotor 2 and the fixed blade 7. The tip edge of the engaging tooth 9 moves close to the surface of the fixed blade 7 to prevent the object to be processed from clogging the gap.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the engagement teeth 9 provided on the transport rotor 2 are attached to an annular engagement tooth mount 92 having a rectangular cross-section that is externally fitted and fixed to the rotary shaft 13, as in the crushing rotor 1. It is fixed via an attachment member 91. The attachment member 91 has an attachment portion that protrudes in the radial direction and is attached to the engagement tooth 9 at the center of the curved belt portion of a quarter arc that is fixed along the outer peripheral surface of the engagement tooth mount 92. Four attachment members 91 are fixed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the engagement tooth mount 92, and the four engagement teeth 9 are held by these four attachment members 91. Each of the four attachment members 91 is fixed to the engagement tooth mount 92 by a bolt 93 and a connecting portion 94 projecting radially at the end is fixed by a bolt 95 and connected to each other. ing. The engaging teeth 9 are formed so that the mounting position in the radial direction can be adjusted with respect to the mounting portion of the mounting member 91. Thereby, the distance between the rotation path of the tip of the engagement tooth 9 and the shaft facing surface 7a of the fixed blade 7, the rotation path of the tip of the engagement tooth 9, and the tip of the crushing blade 4 of the crushing rotor 1 are obtained. The distance to the rotation path can be adjusted.

  As shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 8, the rotary shaft 13 of the transport rotor 2 includes a locking blade mount 50 to which the locking blade 5 is attached and an engagement tooth mount 92 to which the engagement teeth 9 are attached. They are arranged alternately in the axial direction. A plurality of scrapers 55, 55, 55,... Extending in the radial direction are provided on the end face facing the inner surface of the casing 10 in the locking blade mounts 50 positioned at both ends of the transport rotor 2. The scraper 55 prevents inconvenience that the workpiece is clogged between the locking blade mount 50 and the casing 10.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed blade 7 adjacent to the transport rotor 2 includes a shaft facing surface 7 a that faces the engaging teeth 9 of the transport rotor 2 and a locking blade facing surface that faces the rotation path of the locking blade 5. 7b. The shaft facing surface 7a and the locking blade facing surface 7b are formed in a cylindrical surface concentric with the rotary shaft 13, and the locking blade facing surface 7b is formed in a groove shape between the shaft facing surfaces 7a. . As shown in FIG. 1, the fixed blade 7 is connected to the shaft facing surface 7 a and the locking blade facing surface 7 b, and extends horizontally to the side of the rotating shaft 13 in the cross sectional view, and below the rotating shaft 13. It has a vertical surface 7d that extends.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the removal rotor 3 at the position where the first blade 6 is disposed, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the position where the second blade 62 of the removal rotor 3 is disposed, and FIG. FIG. A plurality of support disks 61 are fixed to the rotating shaft 14 of the removal rotor 3 alternately in the axial direction with long distances and short distances. A plurality of first blades 6 formed of a plate-like body are arranged and fixed at an equal angle on the outer peripheral side of the rotary shaft 14 between the support disk 61 and the support disk 61 with a long separation. Yes. Between the support disk 61 and the support disk 61 with a short separation, a plurality of second blades 62 formed of a plate-like body are arranged and fixed at equal angles on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 14. Yes. A cylindrical member 60 concentric with the rotating shaft 14 is fixed between the support disk 61 and the support disk 61 to which the first blade 6 is fixed. The outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 60 and the support disk 61 are fixed. The three sides of the first blade 6 are fixed to the surfaces of the support disk 61 facing each other by welding. The first blade 6 is disposed so as to be inclined so that the tip is directed in the reverse direction with respect to the radial direction when viewed in the rotational axis direction of FIG. The tip of the first blade 6 has an end surface formed in parallel with a tangent to the rotary shaft 14 at the same angular position, and is formed in a blade shape with a sharp edge facing the reverse direction of the removal rotor 3. Three sides of the second blade 62 are fixed by welding to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 14 and a surface where the support disc 61 and the support disc 61 are spaced apart from each other. The second blades 62 are arranged radially in the radial direction when viewed in the axial direction. The end face of the tip of the second blade 62 is inclined with respect to the tangent line of the rotary shaft 14 at the same angular position, and is formed in a blade shape with a sharp edge on the reverse direction side of the removal rotor 3. The removal rotor 3 is rotationally driven at a lower peripheral speed than the crushing rotor 1, so that the front end of the first blade 6 and the front end of the second blade 62 are moved against the workpiece entangled with the crushing rotor 1. The object to be processed is removed by biting in. Specifically, the tip of the first blade 6 bites into and removes the workpiece entangled around the engaging teeth 8 of the crushing rotor 1, and the second blade 62 is removed from the workpiece entangled with the crushing blade 4 of the crushing rotor 1. The tip of the bite is removed. Thereby, the to-be-processed object is effectively removed from the outer peripheral part of the crushing rotor 1 in which unevenness is formed by the installation part of the engaging teeth 8 and the installation part of the crushing blade 4.

  FIG. 12 is a view illustrating a side surface of the casing 10 of the crusher C. FIG. On the side surface of the casing 10, an opening is provided in which a side portion of the removal rotor 3 is opened over the extending range of the removal rotor 3. An opening / closing door 11 that opens and closes toward the outside is provided in the opening, and the opening / closing door 11 is formed to be swingable around a rotation shaft 20 provided at an upper end edge of the opening on the inlet 10a side. Has been. The opening / closing door 11 is driven to open and close by a door opening / closing cylinder 21 provided in the center of the side surface of the casing 10 in the width direction. The door opening / closing cylinder 21 is a double-acting cylinder operated by hydraulic pressure, and a connecting pin is connected to a support arm 26 having an upper end of a cylinder portion 22 having a cylinder chamber to which hydraulic oil is supplied fixed to an upper end of a side surface of the casing 10. It is connected so as to be rotatable around 27. The door opening / closing cylinder 21 is connected to a triangular arm member 24 fixed to the opening / closing door 11 so that the tip of a rod 23 protruding from the lower end of the cylinder portion 22 is rotatable around a connection pin 25. As shown in FIG. 13, the opening / closing door 11 swings around the rotation shaft 20 as indicated by an arrow A so that the opening is opened to form a discharge passage. Electronic locks for holding the open / close door 11 in a closed state during crushing operation are provided at lower portions on both sides in the width direction of the side surface of the casing 10. The electronic lock includes a lock pin 29 and a drive unit 28 that drives the lock pin 29 with a solenoid, and a lock pin 29 that is driven out of the drive unit 28 is provided on a side edge of the door 11. And the closed state of the open / close door 11 is maintained.

  When the crusher C performs a crushing operation for crushing the workpiece, the crushing rotor 1, the transport rotor 2, and the removal rotor 3 are all in the normal rotation direction as indicated by arrows R 1, R 2, and R 3 in FIG. Rotate. Thereby, between the crushing rotor 1 and the conveyance rotor 2, the crushing blade 4 and the locking blade 5 move in the direction from the input port 10a toward the discharge port 10b. At the same time, between the crushing rotor 1 and the removal rotor 3, the crushing blade 4 and the first and second blades 6, 62 move in a direction from the discharge port 10b to the input port 10a. The rotational speeds of the crushing rotor 1, the transport rotor 2, and the removal rotor 3 are as follows. The ratio is set to be 2 or more and 2 or less. Here, the peripheral speed of the crushing rotor 1 is preferably a ratio of 10 to 20 with respect to the peripheral speed of the transport rotor 2, and is particularly preferably about 16 times. Further, the circumferential speed of the removal rotor 3 is preferably in the ratio of 0.4 to 1 with respect to the circumferential speed of the transport rotor 2, and particularly preferably about 0.5 times. In this embodiment, during the crushing operation, the crushing rotor 1 is rotated at a peripheral speed of 0.75 m / s, the conveying rotor 2 is rotated at a peripheral speed of 0.05 m / s, and the removal rotor 3 is rotated at a peripheral speed of 0.025 m / s. To drive.

  When the object to be processed introduced from the introduction port 10a falls on the crushing rotor 1, it is sent to the conveying rotor 2 side and is engaged with the engaging blade 5 of the conveying rotor 2, and is supported by the engaging blade 5. It is crushed by the crushing blade 4 in the state. Further, when the object to be processed that has been input from the input port 10 a falls onto the transport rotor 2, it is sent to the crushing rotor 1 side and is crushed by the crushing blade 4 while being supported by the locking blade 5. In any case, the object to be processed is supported by being locked by the locking blade 5 whose blade edge faces the reverse direction of the transport rotor 2, and 5 times or more and 30 times or less with respect to the supported locking blade 5. Therefore, the reaction force generated during crushing is stably supported by the locking blade 5. Therefore, even if the object to be processed includes high-strength fibers such as a flexible container bag made of resin fibers, the object to be processed can be effectively sheared and crushed. The peripheral speed of the crushing blade 4 of the crushing rotor 1 is preferably 10 times or more and 20 times or less with respect to the peripheral speed of the locking blade 5 of the transport rotor 2. Furthermore, as a result of conducting an experiment by operating the actual machine of the crusher C at various peripheral speeds, the peripheral speed of the crushing blade 4 of the crushing rotor 1 is approximately equal to the peripheral speed of the locking blade 5 of the conveying rotor 2. It has been found that 16 times is particularly preferable. Further, in the direction connecting the input port 10a and the discharge port 10b, the crushing rotor 1 is biased to the discharge port 10b side with respect to the transport rotor 2, and the crushing rotor 1 is disposed below the transport rotor 2 in the vertical direction. At the same time, the cutting edge of the locking blade 5 of the transport rotor 2 faces in the reverse direction. Therefore, the object to be processed input from the input port 10 a can be effectively captured and locked by the transport rotor 2, and the object to be processed can be effectively captured by the transport rotor 2 when crushing by the crushing rotor 1. It can be supported and the object to be treated can be effectively crushed. In addition, since the crushing rotor 1 is disposed below the transport rotor 2 in the vertical direction, it is difficult for the workpiece to enter between the crushing rotor 1 and the transport rotor 2. Can be prevented. Thus, since the crusher C of this embodiment can crush a to-be-processed object effectively, a to-be-processed object is hard to get entangled with the crushing rotor 1 and the conveyance rotor 2, and between the crushing rotor 1 and the conveyance rotor 2, it is. Since biting is unlikely to occur, the frequency of removing the tangled workpiece and the bitten workpiece can be reduced, so that high processing efficiency is achieved.

  The object to be processed, which is locked by the locking blade 5 of the conveying rotor 2 and is crushed by the crushing blade 4 of the high-speed crushing rotor 1 while being conveyed by the low-speed conveying rotor 2, is a locking blade for locking the object to be processed. When the locking blade body 5a of 5 approaches the vertically lower side of the rotary shaft 13, the tip of the locking blade body 5a faces the vertically lower side. As a result, the workpiece is dropped from the locking blade body 5a due to gravity and quickly discharged downward through the discharge port 10b.

  On the other hand, the removal rotor 3 removes the workpiece entangled with the crushing rotor 1 that crushes the workpiece in cooperation with the conveying rotor 2 in parallel with the crushing rotor 1 crushing the workpiece. . That is, when the object to be processed is engaged with the crushing blade 4 or the engaging teeth 8 of the crushing rotor 1 and rotates together with the crushing rotor 1, the object to be processed is on the side of the removal rotor 3 that rotates at a lower speed than the crushing rotor 1. Sent to. The object to be processed entangled with the crushing rotor 1 and reaching the removal rotor 3 receives the force in the reverse direction of the crushing rotor 1 from the first blade 6 or the second blade 62 of the removal rotor 3, and the first blade 6 or the second blade Combined with the shearing action of the pointed tip 62, it effectively separates from the crushing rotor 1. The object to be processed separated from the crushing rotor 1 is discharged from the discharge port 10b. In this way, the crushing rotor 1 rotates in the forward rotation direction and the removal rotor 3 rotates in the forward rotation direction, so that the crushing blade 4 and the first and second blades 6 are between the crushing rotor 1 and the removal rotor 3. 62 moves in the direction from the discharge port 10b toward the input port 10a, and the crushing rotor 1 rotates at a higher peripheral speed than the removal rotor 3, thereby removing the object entangled with the crushing rotor 1 from the discharge port 10b. Can be separated on the side. Further, since the tips of the first and second blades 6 and 62 of the removal rotor 3 are directed in the reverse rotation direction, the object to be processed entangled with the crushing rotor 1 reaches the first and second blades 6 and 62. The first and second blades 6 and 62 can be directed toward the discharge port 10b. Accordingly, the object to be processed separated by the first and second blades 6 and 62 of the removal rotor 3 can be quickly dropped to the discharge port 10b side and discharged from the discharge port 10b.

  In addition, among the objects to be processed, there are those that rotate around the locking blade 5 and are guided to the fixed blade 7. The workpiece guided to the fixed blade 7 by the locking blade 5 is between the locking blade 5 and the inclined surface 7d below the fixed blade 7, or between the shaft facing surface 7a of the fixed blade 7 and the locking blade. Shearing is performed between a side surface continuous with the opposing surface 7b. The object to be processed sheared by the locking blade 5 and the fixed blade 7 is discharged downward through the discharge port 10b.

  In the crusher C of this embodiment, as the crushing rotor 1, the transport rotor 2, and the removal rotor 3 perform a crushing operation in which the crushing rotor 1 is rotationally driven in the directions of arrows R 1, R 2, and R 3, In some cases, the crushing rotor 1 may be wound without being removed by the removal rotor 3. In this case, the winding release operation is performed to unwind and remove the workpiece wound around the crushing rotor 1. Switching from the crushing operation to the winding release operation may be performed by an operator who visually recognizes the workpiece wound around the crushing rotor 1 by operating the control panel. Also good. That is, if the amount of the workpiece wound around the crushing rotor 1 is large, the load on the motor that drives the rotary shaft 12 increases. Therefore, a predetermined reference value is set for the motor load, and the load exceeds this reference value. In this case, it can be set to switch from the crushing operation to the winding release operation. In the winding release operation, the crushing rotor 1 and the removal rotor 3 are rotationally driven in the reverse direction indicated by arrows R11 and R31 in FIG. Thereby, the workpiece wound around the crushing rotor 1 is unwound from the crushing rotor 1 by gravity and separated. The object to be processed separated from the crushing rotor 1 is discharged from the discharge port 10b.

  In the crusher C of the present embodiment, when crushing rotor 1, conveying rotor 2, and removal rotor 3 perform crushing operation in which rotation is driven in the directions of arrows R 1, R 2, and R 3, crushing large-sized rocks, metal blocks, and the like In some cases, difficult materials are mixed into the object to be processed. In this case, as shown in FIG. 13, the opening / closing door 11 provided on the side surface of the casing 10 is opened, and a discharge operation is performed in which the difficult-to-crush material 30 is discharged from the opening through the discharge passage. Switching from the crushing operation to the discharge operation may be performed by an operator who visually recognizes the mixed crushing difficult object 30 by operating the control panel, but the crushing difficult object 30 is detected by a sensor provided in the casing, You may perform based on this detection signal. Moreover, it may be detected based on the load of the motor that the crushing difficult object 30 is caught between the crushing rotor 1 and the transport rotor 2 and switching from the crushing operation to the discharging operation may be performed. When the crushing operation is switched to the discharging operation, the control device controls the electronic lock and causes the drive unit 28 to move the lock pin 29 out of the lock hole of the door 11, and then controls the door opening / closing cylinder 21 to control the cylinder unit. The rod 23 is driven into the immersive side in 22. Accordingly, as shown by an arrow A in FIG. 13, the upper fixed blade 61 of the fixed blade 6 is lifted upward together with the open / close door 11 and is rotated about the rotation shaft 20, and the opening of the casing 10 is opened and discharged. A passage is formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the crushing rotor 1 is rotationally driven in the reverse direction as indicated by the arrow R11, and the transport rotor 2 is rotationally driven in the reverse direction as indicated by the arrow R21, while the removal rotor 3 is indicated by the arrow 3 It is driven to rotate in the forward direction indicated by. Thereby, when the difficult-to-crush object 30 is caught between the crushing rotor 1 and the conveyance rotor 2, the clogging between the crushing rotor 1 and the conveyance rotor 2 is released as shown by an arrow F1. Moreover, when the crushing difficulty object 30 is located on the crushing rotor 1, it is conveyed to the removal rotor 3 side as shown by the arrow F2, and when the crushing difficulty object 30 is located on the removal rotor 3, the arrow As shown by F3, it is conveyed to the opening side. In this manner, the difficult-to-crush object 30 that is mixed into the object to be processed and fed can be conveyed through the casing 10 toward the opening and discharged from the opening. According to the crusher C of this embodiment, since the conveyance rotor 2, the crushing rotor 1, and the removal rotor 3 are located below in this order, the conveyance rotor 2 and the crushing rotor 1 are rotated in the reverse direction. The difficult-to-crush material 30 on the transport rotor 2 and the crushing rotor 1 can be easily sent to the removal rotor 3 and discharged from the opening to the outside.

  In the above embodiment, the removal rotor 3 is supported by the bearing fixed to the casing 10 and the rotation shaft 14 is supported so as not to move with respect to the crushing rotor 1. It may be possible. FIG. 14 is a front view showing the crusher C in which the removal rotor 3 is provided with a swinging urging mechanism, and FIG. 15 is a vertical cross-sectional view at the position where the removal rotor 3 of the crusher C is arranged. In this crusher C, a gear motor 33 in which a motor 31 and a speed reducer 32 are integrally formed is attached to both ends of the rotary shaft 14 of the removal rotor 3. Both end portions of the rotary shaft 14 of the removal rotor 3 protrude to the outside through slits formed on the side surface of the casing 10, and a gear motor 33 is connected to an end portion of the rotary shaft 14 located outside the casing 10. The gear motor 33 is fixed to a torque arm 34, and the torque arm 34 is fixed to a swing shaft 37 that is rotatably disposed above the removal rotor 3. The swing shaft 37 is rotatably supported by two bearings fixed to opposite side surfaces of the casing 10, and a torque arm 34 is provided at one end protruding to the outside of the casing 10 through the bearings. It is fixed. The upper ends of the two oscillating arms 38 are fixed to the inner side of the casing 10 of the oscillating shaft 37 at positions adjacent to the two bearings, respectively. A bearing 39 that rotatably supports the shaft 14 is connected. The rotary shaft 14 of the removal rotor 3 is parallel to the swing shaft 37 positioned above, and the removal rotor 3 is swingably formed around the swing shaft 37. A crank arm 35 that extends upward at an angle of about 170 ° with respect to the torque arm 34 is fixed to the end of the swing shaft 37 that protrudes outside the casing 10. A rod of a hydraulic cylinder 36 is connected to the tip of the crank arm 35, and the hydraulic cylinder 36 biases the crank arm 35 with a predetermined pressure. The urging force applied to the crank arm 35 is transmitted to the torque arm 34 and the swing arm 38 via the swing shaft 37, and is transmitted to the rotary shaft 14 of the removal rotor 3. Thereby, the removal rotor 3 is configured to be biased toward the crushing rotor 1. According to this crusher C, the removal rotor 3 is formed so as to be movable with respect to the crushing rotor 1 and is urged toward the crushing rotor 1. Therefore, even if a large amount of the object to be processed is wound around the crushing rotor 1 and the outer diameter including the object to be processed is increased, the removal rotor 3 is in contact with the outer peripheral portion of the object to be processed by the urging force. It can move in the direction away from the crushing rotor 1. Therefore, the rotational drive of the crushing rotor 1 and the removal rotor 3 can be continued while preventing the problem that the workpiece is caught between the crushing rotor 1 and the removal rotor 3 and the crushing rotor 1 or the removal rotor 3 stops. it can. At this time, although the removal rotor 3 moves away from the crushing rotor 1, the first and second blades 6, 62 come into contact with the object to be processed by the urging force acting on the removal rotor 3. The effect of removing objects can be continuously exhibited.

  In the above-described embodiment, the object to be treated is a flexible container bag containing waste, but may be other things such as municipal waste, wooden waste, and waste stored in various bags. In particular, the crusher C of this embodiment is a crushing process that breaks a bag containing various substances and discharges the contents, and a rough crushing process that crushes the substance to a relatively large size in the previous stage of a series of processing steps. Suitable for the process.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing rotor 2 Conveying rotor 3 Removal rotor 4 Crushing blade 5 Locking blade 6 First blade 6 Fixed blade 8, 9 Engaging tooth 10 Casing 10a Input port 10b Discharge port 12, 13, 14 Rotating shaft 21 Door opening / closing cylinder 62 First 2-blade C crusher

Claims (9)

A casing having both an outlet at the bottom as having inlet of the object at the top,
A crushing rotor having a crushing blade disposed in the casing and driven to rotate in a normal rotation direction moving in a direction from the charging port to the discharging port to crush the workpiece;
Located adjacent to the crushing rotor in the casing, driven in a direction opposite to the crushing rotor at a lower peripheral speed than the crushing rotor, and moved in the direction from the input port to the discharge port between the crushing rotor A transport rotor having support means that is driven to rotate in the forward rotation direction and transports the workpiece to be crushed by the crushing blade of the crushing rotor;
Located in the casing adjacent to the crushing rotor, driven in the opposite direction to the crushing rotor at a lower peripheral speed than the crushing rotor, and moved in the direction from the discharge port to the input port between the crushing rotor A crusher comprising: a removal rotor having a removing unit that is rotationally driven in a normal rotation direction and removes the workpiece entangled with the crushing rotor. The crusher according to claim 1,
The removing means of the removing rotor is a crusher characterized in that the removing means is a blade that is radially arranged in an axial view and whose tip is inclined in a reverse direction opposite to the normal direction with respect to the radial direction. The crusher according to claim 2,
The removal means of the removal rotor approaches a portion between the first removal means that is driven to rotate close to the crushing blade of the crushing rotor and the crushing blade adjacent to the crushing rotor in the axial direction. And a second removing means that is rotationally driven. In the crusher in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The crusher characterized in that the removal rotor is arranged on the opposite side of the conveyance rotor with respect to the crushing rotor. In the crusher in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The support means of the conveying rotor is formed so that the object to be processed falls off when facing the lower side while supporting the reaction force of crushing by the crushing blade of the crushing rotor by hooking the object to be processed. A crusher characterized by that. The crusher according to claim 5,
The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the support means of the transport rotor is formed such that a tip portion thereof faces a reverse rotation direction opposite to the normal rotation direction when the transport rotor is viewed in the axial direction. The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The rotational speeds of the crushing rotor, the conveying rotor, and the removing rotor are such that the circumferential speed of the conveying rotor is 1, the circumferential speed of the crushing rotor is 5 to 30, and the circumferential speed of the removing rotor is 0.2 to 2. A crusher characterized by being set to have the following ratio. The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
When the object to be processed is wound around the crushing rotor, the crushing rotor is rotated in the reverse rotation direction opposite to the normal rotation direction and the removal rotor is rotated in the reverse rotation direction opposite to the normal rotation direction. A crusher characterized by performing operation. The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
An opening provided in a side position of the removal rotor on the wall of the casing;
An opening and closing door for opening and closing the opening,
When an object to be processed is caught between the crushing rotor and the transfer rotor, the opening / closing door is opened to release the opening, and the crushing rotor is rotated in a reverse direction opposite to the normal rotation direction. A crusher that performs a discharge operation in which the transport rotor is rotationally driven in a reverse rotation direction opposite to the normal rotation direction while the removal rotor is rotationally driven in a normal rotation direction.

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