JP6159912B1 - Fresh water production equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for recovering fresh water from the air more efficiently by utilizing the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture condensate as much as possible. SOLUTION: A fresh water producing apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes a moisture condensate 20 such as silica gel that absorbs and desorbs water, a housing 10 that can form a substantially sealed internal space 11, and the internal space. 11 includes a moisture recovery mechanism 50 that cools and recovers air containing moisture discharged in the inside as fresh water, and a conveyor 30 that is an endless track type transfer device, and the housing 10 takes in and out the moisture condensate 20. Two openings 12 and 13 are provided, and a part of the endless track 31 of the conveyor 30 is disposed in the housing 10 through the openings 12 and 13. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fresh water production apparatus.

  Devices that obtain fresh water by allowing moisture in the air to be adsorbed to a moisture condensate made of a porous material such as zeolite and then discharging the moisture from the moisture condensate are disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. ing.

  The apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 is arranged in a housing that forms a substantially sealed space, and includes a moisture condensate having a plurality of air passages, and an air flow generation that creates an air flow in the air passages in a part of the air passages. Means. In this apparatus, the moisture contained in the outside air is adsorbed by the moisture condensate by being supplied to the air passage from which the outside air remains from outside the housing, and the adsorbed moisture moves through the moisture condensate to generate an air flow generating means such as a heater. It is discharged from the air passage with Condensed water obtained by cooling the exhausted air with the inner wall surface of the housing is collected as fresh water.

  The device disclosed in Patent Document 2 cools the casing that forms a substantially sealed space, the moisture condensate disposed in the casing, and the air containing moisture discharged from the moisture condensate as condensed water. A water recovery mechanism for recovery is provided. In this apparatus, the casing is opened at night, and moisture contained in the air is condensed into a moisture condensate. After that, the casing is almost sealed in the daytime, and water is discharged from the moisture condensate using sunlight, and at the same time, air containing the discharged moisture is circulated between the casing and the heat exchanger. Condensed water is obtained.

JP 2010-209586 A JP 2014-122582 A

  However, since the fresh water producing apparatus of Patent Document 1 utilizes the property of the moisture condensate that the moisture moves within the moisture condensate, the water recovery efficiency is limited by its moisture transfer characteristics. For this reason, a sufficient amount of fresh water cannot be recovered without considering the moisture transfer characteristics in addition to the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture condensate. Moreover, even if the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture condensate was increased, a sufficient amount of fresh water could not be recovered unless the moisture transfer characteristics were good. And in the desert, the amount of moisture in the air during the daytime is less than at night. Therefore, even if it can be said that fresh water can be collected day and night because it has an air flow generation means, the amount of water recovered in the daytime is small, and in view of the power consumption energy of the air flow generation means, the recovery efficiency of fresh water is poor, and the moisture condensate It cannot be said that the moisture absorption capacity is fully utilized.

  On the other hand, since the fresh water production apparatus of Patent Document 2 adsorbs moisture to the moisture condensate at night and discharges it with solar energy in the daytime, it is not necessary to consider the moisture transfer characteristics of the moisture condensate. However, since the moisture condensate is placed in the casing regardless of day or night, the amount of water collected during the day depends on the amount of moisture adsorbed at night. For this reason, if the amount of moisture adsorbed at night is small, the use of a moisture condensate having a high moisture absorption capacity does not lead to an increase in the amount of moisture recovered, and the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture condensate could not be fully utilized. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned background art, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to utilize the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture condensate as much as possible and recover fresh water from the air more efficiently. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus.

  In the present invention, one or more openings for taking in and out the moisture condensate are provided in a housing that can form a substantially sealed space, so that the moisture condensate can be taken in and out.

  The fresh water producing apparatus according to the present invention is provided with one or more openings for taking in and out the moisture condensate in a housing that can form a substantially sealed space. For this reason, a space for draining moisture from the moisture condensate (humidification area) and a space for adsorbing moisture to the moisture condensate (moisture absorption area) are separated, and the moisture absorption time for contacting the moisture condensate with air is condensed into moisture. It can be made longer than the time for dehydration to drain water from the body. As a result, the amount of moisture adsorbed on the moisture condensate increases, and the amount of freshwater discharged (recovered amount) in the daytime increases. Moreover, since the moisture condensate can be taken out of the housing during cooling for recovering moisture, re-adsorption to the moisture condensate is prevented. As a result, the discharged water is almost completely collected and the amount of fresh water obtained is increased.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fresh water producing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a part of the fresh water producing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a view showing a water condensate container used in the fresh water producing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a moisture recovery method in the fresh water producing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fresh water producing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a view showing a state when the water condensate is carried out from the fresh water producing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fresh water producing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a method of using the fresh water producing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fresh water producing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a method of using the fresh water producing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fresh water producing apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a method of using the fresh water producing apparatus shown in FIG.

  The fresh water producing apparatus according to the present invention includes a housing that can form a substantially sealed space, a moisture condensate that is taken in and out of the space, and a gas that contains water discharged from the moisture condensate in the space. A water recovery mechanism that cools the water and recovers it as fresh water, and the housing has one or more openable and closable openings for taking in and out the water condensate.

  The moisture condensate is made of a moisture desorption material that adsorbs moisture in the air and discharges the adsorbed moisture as the temperature of the surroundings or itself increases, and exhibits such a function. The moisture desorption material is not limited as long as the material exhibits such a function, and examples thereof include porous materials disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2. More specifically, examples of the material include natural stones such as limestone, obsidian, tourmaline, soft stone, volcanic stone, silica, diatomaceous earth, kanuma earth, fly ash, zeolite, limestone, clay, basalt, Glass, metal, ceramic, polymer sorbent, coke, charcoal (Bincho charcoal), metal silicate, silica gel and the like are shown. Of these, fly ash, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, and zeolite with good adsorption and release are preferably used. Moreover, as a metal here, iron, copper, nickel, stainless steel, an aluminum alloy etc. are illustrated, for example. Also, as the polymer adsorbent, starch adsorbent, cellulose adsorbent, polyacrylate adsorbent, polyvinyl alcohol adsorbent, polyacrylamide adsorbent, polyoxyethylene adsorbent, sodium polyacrylate adsorbent Examples include adsorbents. Needless to say, these materials are not limiting.

  In the present invention, the shape (form) of the moisture condensate can be appropriately determined in consideration of taking in and out of the housing. For example, a moisture condensate or granular water condensate formed into a predetermined shape such as a columnar shape described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 or a granular water condensate before molding is used. Is a granular moisture condensate. The granular moisture condensate has a substantial specific surface area larger than that of the moisture condensate processed into a predetermined shape, and not only can the moisture absorption capacity be fully utilized, but also the processing cost can be reduced.

  The housing has a space that can be substantially sealed when the opening is closed. Although it is desirable that the space be kept in a completely sealed state, in the present invention, the space may be sealed to such an extent that the air containing moisture discharged from the moisture condensate can be kept substantially inside. For the wall surface of the casing, tempered glass or reinforced plastic that can transmit sunlight radiant heat is preferably used so that the space inside the casing and the moisture condensate can be warmed by radiant heat of sunlight.

  The housing has one or more openings, and an opening / closing door that can be opened and closed so that moisture condensate can be taken in and out is provided in the opening. In addition, in this specification, the case where a moisture condensate is taken in and out includes the case where only one of carrying in a water condensate or carrying out a water condensate is included. That is, one opening may be used for only one of carrying in and carrying out the moisture condensate, or it may be used for both. The location where the openings are installed and the number of openings are not particularly limited, and can be determined as appropriate by the method of taking in and out the moisture condensate. For example, if the loading and unloading is performed by an endless track-type transport mechanism, one opening is provided on each of the opposite housing side surfaces. In addition, if the loading / unloading is performed by a loading / unloading mechanism such as a crane used in a so-called automatic warehouse, the loading / unloading mechanism is provided at one position on the side surface of the housing or one position on the opposite side surface. When taking in and out by a hollow conduit such as a hose, one or a plurality of openings are provided on the upper surface of the housing. When performed by a lifting mechanism such as a jack or table lifter, one or more openings can be provided on the bottom surface of the housing, and the entire bottom surface can be the opening. Further, there may be a case where one opening serving as a carry-in port is provided on the upper surface of the housing and one opening serving as a carry-out port is provided on the bottom surface of the housing.

  A container in which the moisture condensate is accommodated or a gantry on which the moisture condensate is arranged may be provided in the housing. If it is a granular or powdery water condensate, a container is used, and if it is a water condensate that has been molded like a columnar water condensate, a mounting base is used. As long as the moisture condensate can be accommodated or placed, the shape thereof is not particularly limited and is appropriately determined depending on the form of the moisture condensate and the method of taking in and out the moisture condensate. For example, when an endless track type transport mechanism is used, the endless track functions as a gantry. When a carry-in / out mechanism such as a crane is used, a holding shelf (rack) in which a large number of placement units are arranged vertically and horizontally is used. A moisture condensate is directly placed on the placing portion, or a pallet on which the moisture condensate is placed and a container containing the moisture condensate are disposed. The container and the gantry can be fixed in the casing or can be removed in the casing. In some cases, the bottom of the housing or the open / close door of the opening can be used as the gantry without the gantry or the container. For example, when a lifting mechanism is used, the moisture condensate can be placed directly on the bottom door.

  The moisture condensate is brought into contact with air in the moisture absorption area outside the housing. In this specification, the hygroscopic region means a space for adsorbing moisture to the moisture condensate by contacting the moisture-containing air and the moisture condensate, and is an arbitrary location outside the housing. The moisture absorption region may be a region that is brought into contact with air, and may be a region in which the moisture condensate is brought into contact with air in a stationary state, or may be a region in which the moving moisture condensate is brought into contact with air. The hygroscopic area may be a closed space, but is preferably an open space. In the former case, a device for supplying air containing moisture into a closed space serving as a hygroscopic region is required, but in the latter case, it is only necessary to leave in an atmosphere containing moisture. Moreover, it is preferable that a part or all of the hygroscopic area is a light shielding area that is preferably shielded from sunlight. Under shading means that sunlight does not hit the moisture condensate directly. This is to reduce the amount of moisture exhausted from the moisture condensate by direct sunlight. The contact in the hygroscopic region is not limited to nighttime, and preferably for several days regardless of day or night, desirably up to the limit of the moisture condensing capacity of the moisture condensate.

  The moisture condensate that has adsorbed moisture is put in the housing, and when the sunlight is irradiated, the moisture is discharged from the moisture condensate and the humidity in the housing is increased. The gas in the housing whose humidity has been increased is cooled by the moisture recovery mechanism and recovered as fresh water. The moisture recovery mechanism is not particularly limited as long as it is a structure capable of recovering fresh water by cooling a gas containing moisture. The moisture recovery mechanism may be a mechanism provided outside the casing, and may be a mechanism that is recovered as fresh water in the casing.

  As the moisture recovery mechanism provided outside the housing, for example, a moisture recovery mechanism including a heat exchanger (cooler) is shown. This moisture recovery mechanism is equipped with an exhaust passage that sends moisture-containing gas from the housing to the heat exchanger, and an air supply passage that sends the gas from which moisture has been removed by the heat exchanger into the housing, and exchanges heat with the housing. A circulation path is constructed between the vessels. A heat exchanger is arrange | positioned in the ground, for example, and cools the gas containing a water | moisture content with the cold of the underground in a desert. In addition, a water supply mechanism that includes a gas supply device that supplies gas into the space of the housing and a recovery balloon that recovers gas containing water discharged into the space of the housing is shown. For example, the recovery balloon is provided at one end of the housing, and the gas supply device is provided at the other end. The gas supply device supplies gas into the housing, and causes the recovery balloon to discharge the gas in the housing containing moisture discharged from the moisture condensate. The gas supplied into the housing is the atmosphere (air around the gas supply device), is dehumidified air, and may be a gas such as an isolated gas such as nitrogen gas. The gas supply device is a supply balloon connected to the inside of the housing via an air supply path, and may be a blower device such as a compressor. Open / close valves are provided on the exhaust path between the collection balloon and the casing and on the supply path between the gas supply device and the casing, respectively. Before the recovery of the gas containing the discharged moisture, the recovery balloon is maintained in a state where the gas is substantially discharged. When the gas is sent from the gas supply device into the housing, the gas in the housing containing the moisture discharged from the moisture condensate is sent to the recovery balloon. When the recovery balloon is cooled by cold air at night, condensed water is generated inside the recovery balloon.

  As a mechanism for collecting moisture inside the casing, a moisture collecting mechanism is shown in which condensed water is generated in the casing by cooling the entire casing with cold air at night. In this case, in order to increase the cooling efficiency of the entire casing, the casing may be provided with cooling fins, for example.

  It is also possible to collect moisture with the moisture condensate placed in the housing. Further, the moisture condensate is taken out of the casing before sunset, preferably during a time when the temperature inside and outside the casing is high. This is to prevent moisture discharged into the casing from being re-adsorbed by the moisture condensate.

  The fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention may include a carry-in / out mechanism for taking in and out the moisture condensate into and out of the housing. The carry-in / out mechanism is not particularly limited as long as it is a mechanism that can carry in / out the moisture condensate to / from the opening of the housing. Further, in the present specification, taking out and taking in the moisture condensate includes a case in which only one of the carrying in of the moisture condensate and the carrying out of the moisture condensate is meant. The carry-in / out mechanism is also a mechanism dedicated to carrying in the moisture condensate, is a mechanism dedicated to carry-out, and may be a mechanism used for both carry-in / out. The carry-in / out mechanism is, for example, a transport device using an endless track such as a roller conveyor or a belt conveyor, a crane, a jack, a lifter, a table lifter that only moves up and down, and a hydraulic excavator. obtain. The crane is a mechanism that moves up and down the moisture condensate and also transports it in the horizontal direction. The jack is a mechanism that raises and lowers the moisture condensate, and the lifter is a mechanism that moves the moisture condensate up and down and also moves in the horizontal direction. The hydraulic excavator is a mechanism that moves the moisture condensate by an arm having a bucket or grapple attached to the tip. Further, the loading / unloading mechanism may be a loading / unloading device including a hollow conduit such as a hose. The carry-in / out mechanism using the conduit carries the moisture condensate into the housing through the conduit by a delivery mechanism such as a pump, and carries it out of the housing through the conduit by a suction mechanism such as a suction pump. These mechanisms may be mechanisms that carry in and out only the moisture condensate, and may be mechanisms that carry in and out the moisture condensate together with the gantry and the container.

  Furthermore, the fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention may include a transport mechanism that transports the moisture condensate carried out of the casing and the moisture condensate carried into the casing between the vicinity of the casing and between the loading / unloading mechanism and the moisture absorption area. The transport mechanism is, for example, a transport device using a roller conveyor or a belt conveyor, the crane, the lifter, the hydraulic excavator, or a carry-in / out device including a hollow conduit. A transport mechanism that is preferably used has the carry-in / out mechanism described above. The transport mechanism moves the moisture condensate carried out of the housing to the moisture absorption region, and moves the moisture condensate that has adsorbed moisture in the moisture absorption region to the vicinity of the housing or inside the housing.

  As described above, the fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention includes an opening through which a moisture condensate can be taken in and out of the housing, and therefore, a moisture absorption region for adsorbing moisture to the moisture condensate and a moisture exhaust for discharging moisture from the moisture condensate. The area can be clearly divided. For this reason, a sufficient amount of moisture can be adsorbed to the moisture condensate outside the casing regardless of the day / night cycle, and the moisture adsorbed inside the casing can be discharged. As a result, it is possible to obtain a larger amount of fresh water in one day by fully utilizing the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture condensate. In other words, the fresh water production apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus that can secure a longer contact time with air containing moisture outside the casing by exchanging the moisture condensate to be dehumidified inside the casing. . And it is also an apparatus which can collect dew condensation water in the housing | casing from which the moisture condensate was carried out by cooling the whole housing | casing using cold air at night. Of course, dew condensation water can also be obtained in a state where the moisture condensate is contained.

  Hereinafter, the fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention will be described more specifically based on the following examples. In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that the fresh water manufacturing apparatus of this invention is not restricted to the following Example.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fresh water production apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a part of the fresh water production apparatus 1. The fresh water producing apparatus 1 includes a rectangular parallelepiped casing 10, a granular moisture condensate 20, and an endless track type conveyor 30 that conveys the moisture condensate 20. The housing 10 has an internal space 11 that can be maintained in a substantially sealed state. The wall surface of the housing 10 is made of a material that transmits sunlight, such as tempered glass. Openings 12 and 13 each provided with an open / close door 14 are provided on opposite side surfaces of the housing 10. The conveyor 30 has a plurality of gantry 32 provided continuously that move on the endless track 31, and the gantry 32 is sequentially fed by driving the endless track 31. One container 21 in which the moisture condensate 20 is accommodated is placed on one gantry 32, and the container 21 is removable from the gantry 32. The container 21 has a metal frame member as shown in FIG. 3, the upper surface thereof is opened, and the other peripheral surface and bottom surface are made of a mesh member such as a wire mesh. On the endless track 31, there is provided a non-mounting region 33 in which a plurality of gantry 32 on which the container 21 is not mounted is continuously arranged. This is to prevent the moisture condensate 20 from being carried into the housing 10 when collecting the discharged moisture. The length of the endless track 31 and the number and length of the non-mounting regions 33 are appropriately adjusted according to the time for absorbing moisture outside the housing 10, the distance to the moisture absorbing region 40 described later, the length of the housing 10, and the like. .

  A part of the endless track 31 is installed in the housing 10 through one opening 12 serving as a carry-in port and the other opening 13 serving as a carry-out port. The openings 12 and 13 are provided so that only the gantry 32 on the endless track 31 can move even when the door 14 is closed. The remaining endless track 31 is installed outside the housing 10, and the endless track 31 that circulates inside and outside the housing 10 is formed. The conveyor 30 may be a manually controlled conveyor 30 that moves the gantry 32 manually or by power, and may be an automatically controlled conveyor 30 that moves the gantry by automatic control. The automatic control type conveyor 30 includes a control unit (not shown) that automatically controls the movement of the endless track 31 of the conveyor 30. The controller preferably retains the moisture condensate 20 in the casing 10 from before and after dawn until before and after sunset, and the moisture condensate 20 carried out of the casing 10 stays in the moisture absorption area 40 for about 2 to 5 days. Thus, the movement of the gantry 32 is controlled. Further, the control unit controls the opening / closing of the two opening / closing doors 14.

  Above the endless track 31 outside the housing 10, a part of the shield 41 that shields from direct sunlight is provided, and below the shield 41 is a light shielding area 42. Except for the light shielding area 42, the periphery of the endless track 31 is open. On the endless track 31 except for the inside of the housing 10, the moisture condensate 20 including the light shielding area 42 comes into contact with the atmosphere and moisture in the atmosphere. It becomes the moisture absorption area 40 which adsorbs. The shield 41 is, for example, a cloth sheet, a wooden or slate plate-like material, an installation such as a building, or a natural object such as a tree. The moisture condensate 20 carried out of the housing 10 comes into contact with the atmosphere in the moisture absorption region 40 and adsorbs moisture in the atmosphere mainly at night.

  When the openings 12 and 13 are closed by the open / close door 14, the inside of the housing 10 is maintained in a substantially sealed state. A plurality of moisture condensates 20 are arranged on endless tracks 31 inside and outside the casing 10 at appropriate intervals, and one to several (four in the illustrated example) moisture condensates 20 are collected at one time. It is conveyed into the housing 10 from the opening 12 on the carry-in side and is carried out of the housing 10 through the opening 13 on the carry-out side.

  The moisture recovery mechanism 50 includes a supply balloon 51 provided on one of the opposing side surfaces of the housing 10 and a recovery balloon 52 provided on the opposing side surface. The supply balloon 51 is connected to the internal space 11 of the housing 10 by an air supply path 54 having an opening / closing valve 53. The supply balloon 51 has a capacity sufficient to send the gas in the housing 10 to the recovery balloon 52, and the recovery balloon 52 has a capacity sufficient to recover the gas in the housing 10. The recovery balloon 52 is connected to the internal space 11 of the housing 10 by an exhaust passage 57 having an open / close valve 55 and an exhaust pump 56. Before the recovery of the gas containing moisture discharged from the moisture condensate 20, the open / close valve 53 on the air supply path 54 is closed, and the replenishment balloon 51 is kept in a state filled with air. The open / close valve 55 on the exhaust path 57 is also closed, and the recovery balloon 52 is kept in an exhausted state.

  Before and after the dawn before the temperature rises, several moisture condensates 20 (four in the illustrated example) that have absorbed moisture in the moisture absorption area 40 are accommodated in the container 21 by the conveyor 30 and accommodated in the opening 12 on the carry-in side. Is carried into the housing 10. After the carry-in, the two openings 12 and 13 are both closed, and the internal space 11 of the housing 10 is kept almost sealed (FIG. 4A). If left in that state, moisture is discharged from the moisture condensate 20 by the radiant heat of sunlight, and the humidity inside the housing 10 increases. After that, after the discharge from the moisture condensate 20 is finished, preferably by the sunset when the temperature decreases, the container 21 containing the moisture condensate 20 is unloaded from the unloading side opening 13 and unloaded. The opening 13 on the carry-out side is kept closed. At this time, a non-arrangement region 33 in which several pedestals 32 on which the container 21 is not placed is continuous is located in the housing 10, and no moisture condensate that has absorbed moisture exists in the housing 10.

  Next, the opening / closing valve 55 on the exhaust path 57 and the opening / closing valve 53 on the air supply path 54 are opened, and the air is supplied from the supply balloon 51 to the casing 10 by the operation of the exhaust pump 56 and the recovery balloon 52 has a casing. The air in 10 is discharged. When the recovery balloon 52 is filled with a sufficient amount of gas, the open / close valve 55 on the exhaust passage 57 and the open / close valve 53 on the air supply passage 54 are closed (FIG. 4B). Thereafter, the recovery balloon 52 is left in a state of being attached to the exhaust passage 57, and the recovery balloon 52 is cooled by cold air at night. As a result, the moisture discharged from the moisture condensate 20 is collected as condensed water, and the obtained fresh water is taken out from the collection balloon 52, and the gas inside the collection balloon 52 is discharged (FIG. 4C). On the other hand, gas is supplied to the supply balloon 51 by a pump (not shown).

  On the other hand, the moisture condensate 20 carried out from the housing 10 moves to the moisture absorption area 40 outside the housing 10 and adsorbs moisture mainly at night. Preferably, the moisture condensate 20 that has adsorbed moisture is moved to the light-shielding area 42 in the daytime of the next day in a state of being placed in the container 21. In the light shielding area 42, direct sunlight is blocked, so that moisture from the moisture condensate 20 due to the direct sunlight is suppressed. Thereafter, at night again, the moisture condensate 20 adsorbs moisture in the atmosphere in the light shielding area 42 or the moisture absorption area 40 outside the light shielding area 42. Thus, after several days and nights, it is carried into the housing 10 again as described above. As a result, the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture condensate 20 can be maximized, and the amount of moisture that can be collected during the day can be increased. In particular, if B-type silica gel, which is considered to have a high moisture absorption / exhaust capacity, is used, a sufficient amount of fresh water can be obtained in one day.

  In the above description, after the moisture condensate 20 that has been dehumidified in the housing 10 is carried out of the housing 10, the air in the housing 10 is collected by the collection balloon 52, so that the moisture condensate 20 is recovered. Prevents re-adsorption. However, a large amount of gas containing a large amount of moisture in the housing 10 may be discharged out of the housing 10 for carrying out, and the recovery amount may be reduced. In that case, the air in the housing 10 is collected in the recovery balloon 52 without carrying out the moisture condensate 20 that has been dehumidified during the daytime, and then the moisture condensate 20 is carried out of the housing. May be. In the apparatus 1, a conveyor 30 using a belt or a roller that does not include the gantry 32 may be used. Then, the shielding object 41 may be arranged all over the endless track 31 outside the housing 10, or the moisture condensate 20 carried out from the housing 10 may be immediately moved to the light shielding area 42.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the fresh water producing apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment. The fresh water producing apparatus 1 includes a rectangular parallelepiped casing 10, a moisture condensate 20 accommodated in a plurality of containers 21, a lift mechanism 60 that carries the moisture condensate 20 into and out of the casing 10, and a ground surface. And a moisture recovery mechanism 70 having a heat exchanger 71 disposed below. The housing 10 is supported by the support 15 in a state where it is lifted from the ground surface, and has a plurality (four in the illustrated example) of openings 16 on the bottom surface. Each of the openings 16 also serves as a carry-in port and a carry-out port for the moisture condensate 20. Inside the housing 10, a sealing member 22 such as a rubber packing is provided around the opening 16. The casing 10 includes a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) plate-like bases 18 that close the respective openings 16 and form part of the bottom surface when the moisture condensate 20 is carried into the casing 10. Is provided. The lift mechanism 60 includes one support base 61 on which the gantry 18 is placed and two jacks 62 that move the support base 61 up and down. The moisture condensate 20 is accommodated in a moisture-permeable (network-like) container 21 similar to that in the first embodiment. A single container 21 containing a moisture condensate 20 is disposed on each pedestal 18, and a sealing member 17 such as a rubber packing is provided at a position located at the lower edge of the container 21. In addition, a top plate 19 that closes each opening 16 when the moisture condensate 20 is unloaded from the housing 10 is provided in the housing 10. The top plate 19 is made of glass (tempered glass) or reinforced plastic that can transmit sunlight radiant heat. As shown in FIG. 5, when the support base 61 is raised in a state where the container 21 (moisture condensate 20) is placed on the gantry 18, the upper surface of the container 21 (moisture condensate 20) pushes up the top plate 19. When the moisture condensate 20 is housed in the housing 10, the sealing member 17 on the gantry 18 comes into contact with the bottom surface of the housing 10, and the internal space 11 of the housing 10 is kept almost sealed. As shown in FIG. 6, when the moisture condensate 20 is taken out from the housing 10, the top plate 19 comes into contact with the sealing member 22 on the bottom surface of the housing 10, and the internal space 11 of the housing 10 is It is kept almost sealed. The sealing member 22 around the opening 16 may be provided on the lower surface of the top plate 19.

  The moisture recovery mechanism 70 in the apparatus 1 has an exhaust path 72 provided between the casing 10 and the heat exchanger 71 and an air supply path 73 provided between the heat exchanger 71 and the casing 10. A circulation path 74 through which gas circulates between the housing 10 and the heat exchanger 71 is configured. The circulation path 74 is provided with a circulation pump 75 for circulating gas. The gas containing moisture exhausted from the moisture condensate 20 in the housing 10 is sent to the heat exchanger 71 through the exhaust path 72. The gas after the moisture is collected by the heat exchanger 71 is sent into the housing 10 through the air supply path 73.

  The outside of the housing 10 is a hygroscopic region, and a light shielding region (not shown) in which direct sunlight is blocked by the shield 41 is provided in the vicinity of the housing 10. The moisture condensate 20 accommodated in the container 21 is brought into contact with air (outside air) containing moisture for several days in a state where the moisture condensate 20 is accommodated in the container 21. Thereafter, before and after the dawn before the temperature rises, the container 21 in which the moisture condensate 20 is accommodated by a transport mechanism (not shown) such as a forklift is transported and placed on the base 18 placed on the support base 61. Then, it is lifted by the lift mechanism 60 and stored in the housing 10. Further, when the moisture condensate 20 is carried in, the circulation pump 75 is operated to send the gas in the housing 10 to the heat exchanger 71. Thereafter, when moisture is discharged from the moisture condensate 20 by the radiant heat of sunlight, the gas containing the moisture is cooled by the heat exchanger 71, and the obtained condensed water is pumped up as fresh water and collected by the pump 76. In this apparatus, since the water discharged from the water condensate 20 is immediately cooled by the heat exchanger 71, the amount of water re-adsorbed on the water condensate 20 is suppressed, and the amount of water discharged from the water condensate 20 is reduced. Almost the entire amount can be recovered as fresh water. Then, if the circulation pump 75 is operated only when the moisture inside the housing 10 before sunset becomes the highest, the power consumption of the circulation pump 75 can be reduced.

  Also in the apparatus 1, when the moisture from the moisture condensate 20 is finished, preferably after the container 21 containing the moisture condensate 20 is unloaded from the opening 16 by the sunset when the temperature decreases, Water can also be recovered by the recovery mechanism 70. That is, after carrying out the moisture condensate 20, the opening 16 is kept closed by the gantry 18, and the gas containing a large amount of moisture in the housing 10 is cooled by the heat exchanger 71 by the operation of the circulation pump. Recover.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fresh water producing apparatus 1 which is still another embodiment. The casing 10 includes a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) openings 16 for carrying in and out the moisture condensate 20 on the upper surface thereof. Each opening 16 is provided with an openable / closable door 14. When the opening 16 is closed by the open / close door 14, the internal space 11 of the housing 10 is kept substantially sealed. The fresh water producing apparatus 1 is different from the fresh water producing apparatus 1 of the first and second embodiments in that the container 21 is stationary in the housing 10. The water recovery mechanism 50 in the fresh water producing apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment includes a replenishment balloon 51 and a recovery balloon 52 as in the first embodiment. Further, a shielding area (not shown) is provided in the vicinity of the housing 10, and a plurality of moisture absorption containers (not shown) are provided in the shielding area. The moisture absorption container is a moisture permeable container made of, for example, a mesh member, the size and number of which are appropriately determined, and the moisture condensate 20 carried out of the housing 10 is placed in the moisture absorption container. , Preferably left in a shielded area for several days.

  The fresh water production apparatus 1 includes a hose 35 that is a hollow conduit, and a pump device (not shown) that conveys the granular moisture condensate 20 between the container 21 in the housing 10 and the moisture absorption container via the hose 35. The carrying-in / out mechanism which has is provided. The water condensate 20 is discharged from the tip of the hose 35 by driving the pump device, and the water condensate 20 in the container 21 is sucked from the tip of the hose 35 by reversing the driving of the pump device, preferably in the shielding area. Discharge into a container for moisture absorption. Of course, a relay replenishment container may be provided between the housing 10 and the moisture absorption container, and the moisture condensate 20 may be carried in and out via the replenishment container.

  In this apparatus 1, the pump apparatus is driven before and after dawn, and the moisture condensate 20 that has adsorbed moisture in the shielding area is discharged from one opening 16 to the empty container 21 (FIG. 8A). Next, the hose 35 is moved to the adjacent opening 16 and the moisture condensate 20 is discharged into another empty container 21 (FIG. 2B). Then, before and after dawn, the containers 21 in all the casings 10 are filled with the moisture condensate 20, and after that, all the open / close doors 14 are closed and left in the daytime ((c) in the figure). When the moisture is sufficiently discharged from the moisture condensate 20, the opening / closing valve 53 on the air supply passage 54 and the opening / closing valve 55 on the exhaust passage 57 are opened, and the exhaust pump 56 is driven to collect the gas in the housing 10. It collect | recovers to the balloon 52 (the figure (d)). Thereafter, the opening / closing door 14 is opened before and after sunset, and the moisture condensate 20 in the container 21 is sequentially carried out from the opening 16, and all the containers 21 are left empty and left (FIGS. (E) and (f)). . On the other hand, the collection balloon 52 is cooled by cold air at night, and condensed water is obtained in the collection balloon 52. In the above description, in order to prevent the gas in the housing 10 from being exhausted to the outside of the housing 10 when the moisture condensate 20 is carried out, the housing before the moisture condensate 20 is carried out of the housing 10. The gas in the housing 10 is collected, but the gas in the housing 10 can be discharged to the collection balloon 52 after the moisture condensate 20 is carried out.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of the fresh water producing apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a method of using the fresh water producing apparatus 1. The fresh water producing apparatus 1 has a configuration in which moisture is collected inside the casing 10, and the apparatus 10 cools the casing 10 after taking out the moisture condensate 20 with cold air at night to thereby protect the casing 10. Fresh water is obtained inside.

  The casing 10 of the fresh water producing apparatus 1 is manufactured in a prismatic shape, and the casing 10 has a plurality of cylindrical shapes into which one partition plate 81 arranged in parallel with one side surface thereof and the moisture condensate 20 are taken in and out. The container 21 is provided. The partition plate 81 divides the internal space 11 of the housing 10 into two chambers: a carry-in / out chamber 11 </ b> A for the moisture condensate 20, and a dehumidification chamber 11 </ b> B for dehumidifying moisture from the moisture condensate 20. One opening 12 serving as a carry-in port for the moisture condensate 20 is provided on the top surface of the carry-in / out chamber 11A, and one opening serving as a carry-out port for the moisture condensate 20 is provided on the bottom surface of the carry-in / out chamber 11A. A portion 13 is provided. Openable and closable doors 14 are attached to the two openings 12 and 13, respectively, and the internal space 11 of the housing 10 is kept almost sealed when the two doors 14 are closed. . The container 21 is made from a wire mesh or the like, and air permeability is ensured. The container 21 is disposed substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the housing 10 and is fixed in the housing 10.

  The container 21 is disposed from the partition plate 81 to the side surface of the housing 10 in the moisture removal chamber 11B, and one end of the container 21 is closed by the side surface of the housing 10 and the other end is opened. The partition plate 81 is provided with the same number of holes 81a as the number of the containers 21 at the open end. The housing 10 includes a flat shutter 82 that slides up and down in parallel with the partition plate 81. The shutter 82 opens and closes the hole 81 a of the partition plate 81. The shutter 82 has a plurality of holes 82a, and these holes 82a overlap with the holes 81a of the partition holes 81 when the shutter 82 is pulled up slightly above the lowermost container 21. It has been established. As a result, the open ends of all the containers 21 are opened toward the loading / unloading chamber 11A without lifting all the shutters 82. When the shutter 81 is lowered most, all the holes 81a of the partition plate 81 are closed by the shutter 82.

  The housing 10 is pivotally supported on the installation base 66 by a shaft 65 projecting outward on the left and right side surfaces. The housing 10 rotates about the shaft 65 from a position where the open end of the container 21 is located to a substantially horizontal position, preferably a position slightly inclined from the horizontal position. The shaft 65 is provided with a speed reduction mechanism that combines a plurality of gears (not shown), and the housing 10 is manually rotated. However, a drive mechanism such as a motor may be provided, and the housing 10 may be rotated by the drive mechanism.

  A shielding area (not shown) is provided in the vicinity of the housing 10, and a plurality of moisture absorbing containers (not shown) are provided in the shielding area. The hygroscopic container is a moisture-permeable container made from, for example, a mesh member, and the size and number of the hygroscopic containers are appropriately determined. The granular moisture condensate 20 carried out from the housing 10 is put in a moisture absorption container and left for several days in a shielding area. The moisture condensate 20 that has adsorbed moisture in the shielded area is brought into the loading / unloading chamber 11A from the opening 12 at the upper part of the housing from, for example, a hose 36 connected to a pump device (not shown) before the temperature before and after dawn rises. Is introduced to such an extent that is substantially satisfied (FIG. 10A). At this time, the shutter 82 is in the lowest position, and the hole 81 a of the partition plate 81 is closed by the shutter 82. Moreover, the opening part 13 is closed. Next, the casing 10 is rotated about 90 degrees with the opening 12 and the opening 13 closed, and then the shutter 82 is slid to put the moisture condensate 20 into the container 21 (FIG. 10B). . Thereafter, the shutter 81 is slid to the original state to close all the holes 81a of the partition plate 81, and then the casing 10 is inverted by about 90 degrees to return the container 21 to a substantially horizontal state (FIG. 10 (c)). When this state is maintained in the daytime, moisture is discharged from the moisture condensate 20 by the radiant heat of sunlight, and the humidity in the humidity chamber 11B increases. Then, when the discharge from the moisture condensate 20 is finished, preferably by the sunset when the temperature decreases, the shutter 10 is slid again to open the casing 10 with all the holes 81a of the partition plate 81 opened. The moisture condensate 20 is moved to the carry-in / out chamber 11A with a slight inclination (FIG. 10D). At this point, the openings 12 and 13 remain closed. Next, after the shutter 82 is slid to cover all the holes 81a of the partition plate 81 with the shutter 82, the housing 10 is returned to a substantially horizontal state, and the moisture condensate 20 is taken out from the opening 13 (FIG. 10 (e)). . Next, the opening 13 is closed by the door 14 and left in this state (FIG. 10 (f)). If it does so, the whole housing | casing 10 will be cooled by the cool air at night, and dew condensation water will be obtained in the housing | casing 10. FIG. On the other hand, the moisture condensate 20 taken out from the housing 10 is transported to a shielded area by a transport device such as a conveyor or a pump device or by human power, and left in a moisture absorbing container provided in the shielded area for several days.

  In this embodiment, since the two partitions of the partition plate 81 and the shutter 82 are provided between the carry-in / out chamber 11A and the dehumidification chamber 11B, moisture is removed when the moisture condensate 20 is taken out of the housing 10. A gas containing a large amount can be reduced from being discharged out of the housing 10. However, the installation of the shutter 82 is optional, and the moisture condensate 20 after the casing 10 is tilted and dehumidified is taken out from the opening 13 without closing the hole 81a of the partition plate 81 by the shutter 82, and then the casing 10 can also be cooled with cold air at night.

  FIG. 11: is a schematic block diagram of the fresh water manufacturing apparatus 1 which is a 5th Example. The fresh water producing apparatus 1 also has a configuration in which moisture is collected inside the casing 10, and fresh water is obtained by cooling the casing 10 after taking out the moisture condensate 20 with cold air at night.

  The case 10 has a shape in which a part of the upper part of the case 10 protrudes to the side, and the lower part of the case 10 that protrudes to the side has the moisture condensate 20 taken out from the case 10 as a moisture absorption region. It is a carry-out space 45 for carrying. A transport device 46 such as a conveyor is disposed in the carry-out space 45. The transport device 46 is a means for transporting the extracted moisture condensate 20 continuously or intermittently to the moisture absorption area. One opening 12 serving as a carry-in entrance is provided on the upper surface of one end of the housing 10 on the side opposite to the transfer space 45. Further, one opening 13 serving as a carry-out port is provided on the bottom surface of the housing 10 at the boundary surface with the carry-out space 45. Opening and closing doors 14 are respectively provided in the openings 12 and 13, and when the openings 12 and 13 are closed by the opening and closing door 14, the internal space 11 is kept in a substantially sealed state.

  A frame 25 having legs 26 is provided in the housing 10. The gantry 25 has a box shape with an open upper surface, and is a container that accommodates the granular moisture condensate 20. The bottom surface of the gantry 25 is an inclined surface in which the carry-in port side is slightly higher than the carry-out port side. A side surface 25 a on the carry-out side of the gantry 25 is attached to the bottom surface of the gantry 25 by a hinge mechanism 27. One end of a tow rope 38 drawn from the winding device 39 is attached to the upper portion of the side surface 25a. When the tow rope 38 is wound by the winding device 39, the side surface 25a of the gantry 25 is in a closed state, and when the tow rope 38 is loosened, the side surface 25a falls to the outside of the gantry 25. The side of the gantry 25 is opened. A location where the tow rope 38 is pulled out from the housing 10 (the upper surface of the housing 10) is provided with a sealing member (not shown) for preventing gas leakage from the housing 10.

  Outside the housing 10 is provided a light shielding area (not shown) that is shielded from direct sunlight by a shield, and the granular moisture condensate is in contact with air (outside air) containing moisture for several days in the light shielding area. Is done. Thereafter, before the temperature around dawn rises, the moisture condensate 20 is introduced from the opening 12 by a transport mechanism such as a hydraulic excavator or manually, and flows down on the guide member 28 and is carried into the gantry 25. In the illustrated apparatus 1, the moisture condensate 20 is discharged from the hose 37 by a pump device as a transport mechanism. At this time, the tow rope 38 is wound up and the side of the gantry 25 is closed. The opening 13 is also closed (FIG. 12 (a)). Next, when the moisture condensate 20 has been carried in, the opening 12 is closed and preferably left under a place exposed to direct sunlight ((b) in the figure). And preferably, before the sunset when the discharge from the moisture condensate ends due to the radiant heat of sunlight, when the opening 14 is opened and the traction rope 38 is loosened, the side surface 25a of the gantry 25 is opened, and the moisture condensate 20 is It is carried out from the opening part 13 on the conveying apparatus 46 (the figure (c)). Thereafter, the opening 13 is closed by the open / close door 14, and the entire housing 10 is cooled by the cold air at night ((d) in the figure). The condensed water accumulated in the housing 10 by cooling is taken out as fresh water from an outlet (not shown) of the housing 10.

  In this apparatus 1, the moisture condensate 20 is taken out of the housing 20 by using the inclination of the gantry 25, but the gantry is inclined by using a lifting device such as a hydraulic cylinder instead of the inclined gantry 25. May be. Needless to say, the side surface 25a of the gantry 25 may be opened and closed by an appropriate method.

  In the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, the water recovery mechanism provided in the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be provided. In the first to third embodiments, Without providing a moisture recovery mechanism, it is also possible to configure a moisture recovery mechanism that recovers condensed water generated in the casing by cooling the casing with cold air at night. As described above, in the fresh water production apparatus of the present invention, an opening for exchanging the moisture condensate may be provided in the housing, and an appropriate method may be combined for the moisture condensate loading and unloading means and the moisture recovery mechanism. it can. In each of the above embodiments, a granular water condensate is used, but it goes without saying that a water condensate molded into a prismatic shape or the like may be used.

  According to the fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention, the moisture absorption capacity of the water condensate is fully utilized, and the amount of fresh water produced at daytime increases.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Housing | casing 12 Opening part 13 which becomes a carrying-in entrance 20 Opening part 20 which becomes a carrying-out exit Moisture condensate 21 Container 25 Stand 30 Conveyor 36 Hose 51 which is carrying in / out means Supply balloon 52 Recovery balloon 81 Partition plate

Claims (9)

A housing capable of forming a substantially sealed space;
Moisture condensate in and out of the housing;
A moisture recovery mechanism for cooling the gas containing water discharged from the moisture condensate in the housing and recovering it as fresh water;
With
The housing has one or more openable and closable openings for taking in and out the moisture condensate,
The moisture recovery mechanism is
A heat exchanger provided outside the housing;
An exhaust path for supplying a gas containing moisture exhausted in the space to the heat exchanger;
A fresh water producing apparatus, comprising: an air supply path for supplying a gas from which moisture has been removed by the moisture recovery mechanism into the space. A housing capable of forming a substantially sealed space;
Moisture condensate in and out of the housing;
A moisture recovery mechanism for cooling the gas containing water discharged from the moisture condensate in the housing and recovering it as fresh water;
With
The housing has one or more openable and closable openings for taking in and out the moisture condensate,
The moisture recovery mechanism is
A supply device for sending gas into the space;
A fresh water production apparatus comprising: a recovery balloon that recovers a gas containing moisture discharged into the space.   The fresh water manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1 or 2 provided with the carrying in / out mechanism which takes in / out the said moisture condensate from the inside of the said housing | casing.   4. The transport mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a transport mechanism that transports the moisture condensate between the inside of the housing and a moisture absorption region where the moisture condensate and air can be contacted outside the housing. 5. Fresh water production equipment. A housing capable of forming a substantially sealed space;
Moisture condensate in and out of the housing;
A moisture recovery mechanism for cooling the gas containing water discharged from the moisture condensate in the housing and recovering it as fresh water;
With
The housing has one or more openable and closable openings for taking in and out the moisture condensate,
An apparatus for producing fresh water, comprising an endless track type transport mechanism for transporting the moisture condensate between the inside of the casing and a hygroscopic region where the moisture condensate and air can be contacted outside the casing.   The fresh water producing apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein at least a part of the hygroscopic area is provided in a light shielding area under the shielding of sunlight. The moisture recovery mechanism is
A heat exchanger provided outside the housing;
An exhaust path for supplying a gas containing moisture exhausted in the space to the heat exchanger;
An air supply path for supplying a gas from which moisture has been removed by the moisture recovery mechanism into the space;
The fresh water manufacturing apparatus of Claim 5 which has these. The moisture recovery mechanism is
A supply device for sending gas into the space;
A collection balloon for collecting a gas containing moisture discharged into the space;
The fresh water manufacturing apparatus of Claim 5 provided with these.   The fresh water producing apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein at least a part of the moisture absorption area is provided in a light-shielding area under the shielding of sunlight.

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