JP6123101B2 - Filtration device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a filtration device including a filtration device and a backwash mechanism. The apparatus according to the present invention provides efficient and scalable filtration with minimal pressure loss and process fluid loss. The filtration device is produced in particular, but not exclusively, from the production of drinking water, including the recirculation of water from household and industrial treatment, the intake of cooling water for power plants, the exploration of oil / gas. Suitable for use in high volume applications such as water, ballast water, and aquaculture management or other applications involving fluids other than water.

  Water management represents a wide range of application areas, with its limited availability in certain parts of the world, and as a source of disease spread from one region to another and unwanted organisms Due to its potential, it has received great attention. Filtration or more specifically microfiltration can be considered as a preparatory step in the process to improve water quality and reduce the risks associated with water containing undesirable elements. Improved filtration techniques can benefit currently applied processing methods, regardless of media and application, and further pave the way for the development of improved processes and techniques.

  Ship ballast water treatment and filtration is becoming increasingly important to fleet operators. Moving large amounts of seawater is known to damage marine biodiversity. The size of modern ships is that the volume of the ballast water tank is large, which means that the time required for pouring and draining the ballast tank is of commercial importance to the fleet operator. In addition, the space on the ship is surprisingly small, can filter large quantities of water, and can be an efficient filtration system or more specifically precision that can remove substantial amounts of materials (organic and inorganic) Filtration systems open the possibility of improved processing performance and reduced processing system footprint.

  The inventors have determined that the need for an efficient filtration or microfiltration system that can filter large volumes of fluid, such as seawater, in a short period of time can be met by the present disclosure herein. .

  A variety of filtration systems are available for filtering seawater in these applications. Such a system generally comprises a conventional filtration element that circulates seawater, for example.

  When the liquid flow passes through the wall of the filtration element, any dust, particles, or organic material with a size larger than the filtration size specification cannot pass through the filtration element and is trapped on the inner wall of the filtration element. And begins to form debris known as the “lumps” of the filtered material. As a mass of material begins to form, the pressure loss in the filtration element increases, so if efficiency is to be maintained, the mass must be cleaned from the inner wall of the filtration element.

  This washing process is configured by disassembling the filtration device or for continuous washing, or is only activated when the pressure drop reaches a certain monitoring level, or cycle It may also be realized manually or by a manually operated backwash mechanism. The backwash mechanism may also utilize a collection chamber below the filtration element where a mass of material can be collected from the filtration element and then discharged by a suitable discharge conduit.

  Various backwash mechanisms have been employed that allow the filter element to be washed by the opposite direction of water flow through the filter wall. Backwashing may be performed while the filtration device is in use, which allows the filtration device to continuously filter water during the wash.

  This specification describes an unconventional filtration device and, in addition, a backwash mechanism that suitably provides a high efficiency filtration capable of performing large volumes of filtration with minimal pressure drop and process liquid flow. ing.

  According to an aspect of the present invention, a chamber and a plurality of elongated hollow filtration elements housed in the chamber are provided, each filtration element comprising a semipermeable filtration wall and a backwash mechanism disposed therein, The backwash mechanism includes at least one debris receiving portion having a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the hollow filtration element, and the outer periphery of the debris receiving portion is arranged to be directly adjacent to the inner periphery of the filtration wall of the hollow filtration element. A filtration device is provided.

  The filtration device according to the present invention provides a backwashing mechanism that efficiently and effectively removes debris from the filtration walls of a plurality of filtration elements. The close placement of the debris receiving portion and the inner wall of each filtration element throughout its periphery results in a uniform backwashing action of the filtration wall. The filtration element can be backwashed quickly while allowing normal operation of the filtration device to continue. That is, backwashing can be performed during normal filtration.

  According to the invention, the pressure loss in the filtering element is reduced compared to the prior art. Furthermore, the method of cleaning the filter element is also improved. These improvements realized by the present invention allow for a reduction in the mesh size of the filtration element without reducing the flow rate or function of a particular filtration device. In this way, the advantages shown by allowing the supply of liquid to a fairly “clean” (large volume) processing process due to more precise filtration reduce the processing process burden and Open up the possibility of reducing (eg, reducing the concentration of “adjusted” chemicals) or open up the possibility of introducing another process step.

  In this way, the present invention provides high efficiency in-line backwash filtration with multiple filtration elements, low pressure head requirements, minimal loss of pressure and process liquid / fluid, and manual or automatic self cleaning filter screens (reverse Wash) operation.

Filtration apparatus according to the present invention is preferably by adjusting the diameter and length of several well filtration element of the filter element, from less than 100 m ³ / hr to 10,000 m ³ / hr greater, to a very high volume The size can be increased. Furthermore, the device may be installed in a horizontal or vertical direction or in any intermediate direction and requires minimal disassembly of the process piping.

  The rate at which the filtration device can be backwashed reduces the amount of processing fluid / liquid (liquid passing through the filtration device) that must be redirected to the debris outlet. This further enhances the overall performance of the filtration device.

  A filtration device is provided that achieves physical separation and removal of substances such as organic and inorganic particles in which the filtration element exceeds a certain size. The filter element may be constructed by a metal braided wire sinter screen method, in which a plurality of metal screen layers are sintered with a support structure to form a strong filter element capable of supporting its own weight. However, the present invention is not limited to this. At each end of the filter element, a metal or plastic ring combined with an internal or external O-ring serves as a suitable way to seal the end of the filter element.

  Alternatively, it is permeable to one or more selected components of the liquid mixture, solution, or suspension being processed and impervious to the remaining components under the operating conditions of filtration. This type of filter element design may be incorporated. Such filter elements may consist of, but are not limited to, natural or processed fibers, artificial organic or synthetic materials, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, glass, activated or natural carbon, ceramic, paper, and plastic. Not. Such filter element designs include sheet or woven materials, non-woven materials, pleated meltspun materials, inorganic bonded porous media, mineral wool, glass fibers, carbon fibers, woven wires and screens, sintered It may be comprised of, but is not limited to, wire mesh, perforated plate, wedge wire, and membrane type designs, or any combination thereof.

  Filtration size specifications are determined according to the nature of the liquid and particles being filtered. In this way, the filtration size (i.e., the pore size or flow path size of the filtration element) may be any suitable size depending on the desired application. For example, the permeability of the filtration element may be selected to be less than 1 micron, 1, 10, 20, 40, 50 microns, or greater than 50 microns, depending on the selected application.

As an additional advantage, the filter element can suitably be coated with a suitable compound for improved corrosion resistance or surface quality. For example, coatings prepared from TiO ₂ or polyaniline-nano-TiO ₂ particles synthesized by in-situ polymerization have excellent corrosion resistance in harsh environments. Thus, individual filtration elements may be coated to improve corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the resulting nanosurface may make the surface very slippery and make it difficult for substances to adhere to the surface, thereby improving surface quality that requires less frequent cleaning.

  The filtering element may have any cross-sectional shape or outer shape depending on the application. The application may, for example, determine the space (envelope) in which the device can be placed. The debris receiving portion preferably has a cross-sectional shape or contour that closely matches the shape of the selected filtration element, thereby providing a close placement between the outer edge or outer periphery of the debris receiving portion and the inner surface of the filtration element. It is possible. More specifically, the alignment between the debris receiving portion and the filtration element extends over the entire circumference of the inner surface of the filtration element.

  The separation distance between the debris receiving section and the filtration wall allows the debris receiving section to move along the longitudinal direction of the element while allowing the debris to be drawn into the debris receiving section as further described below. Selected to allow.

  Any suitable shape may be used for the filtering element and the debris receiving portion, but both the filtering element and the debris receiving portion may preferably have a circular cross section. In such a configuration, the debris receiving part may be in the form of a disk, and the filtering element may be in the form of a hollow cylinder in which the disk can be placed.

  The filtration element is preferably arranged such that the open end is provided towards the inlet of the filtration assembly. In this way, each filtration element may comprise a first open end and a second closed end arranged to receive fluid from the inlet of the filtration assembly, in this case entering the filtration element. The fluid is guided through a semi-permeable filtration wall. According to this configuration, each filtration element receives an equal volume of fluid entering the filtration assembly, and then the fluid is directed through the filtration wall by the opposite closed end of each element.

  Preferably, a backwashing mechanism disposed inside may be additionally provided in the hollow portion of each element. The backwash mechanism is preferably configured to allow the debris receiving portion to move along at least a portion of the length of each filtration element.

  In this way, the debris receptacle can be carried over the inner surface of the element so that the debris can be collected from all parts of the filtration wall. In this way, the entire wall surface can be cleaned to remove debris. The debris receiving part extends over a complete 360 degree rotation (relative to the hollow element) direction. This means that there is no need to rotate the debris receiving part relative to the filtration element. A linear movement is all that is needed to cover the entire inner surface of the filtering element.

  The debris receiver may be moved and supported using any suitable means and structure. For example, the debris receiving portion may be disposed on a hollow shaft or a hollow tube disposed coaxially with the filtration element and movable along its extension axis.

  To move the backwash mechanism, the assembly may include a drive mechanism that provides linear movement and reciprocation of the backwash mechanism along the axis of the filtration element. The movement may be performed by a linear actuator such as a piston or other electromechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic device.

  These multiple backwash mechanisms are mounted aligned with the centerline of each filtration element and may be driven independently of each other or simultaneously or as a subgroup (eg, a set). In this way, the filtration assembly can be backwashed in the most effective manner while minimizing deleterious effects on the flow of processing fluid within the apparatus.

  The plurality of debris receiving portions are evenly spaced along the longitudinal direction of the filtration element and separated from each other by a predetermined distance. Preferably, in order to ensure uniform collection of debris from the filter element wall, the backwash mechanism is in each opposite direction by a distance equal to half of the axial spacing of adjacent debris receptacles. , Arranged to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction of the filter element.

  The backwash mechanism only needs to be reciprocated by an amount equal to half the separation distance between adjacent debris receiving portions, since the debris receiving portions span 360 degrees of the outer periphery of the element.

  The debris may be received in an open flow path that extends around the debris receiving portion, ie, a continuous open “groove” or flow path into which the debris can be drawn. Alternatively, the plurality of orifices or holes may form a path from the outer surface of the debris receiving unit to the internal flow path of the debris receiving unit. In practice, the outer periphery of the debris receiving part may itself be perforated.

  In such a device, the passage or support in which the debris receiving part moves linearly additionally has an outer side to rotate the debris receiving part to ensure that the entire surface of the filter element wall is cleaned. Alternatively, a path with a corrected return stroke may be provided. It will be appreciated that the rotation need only be in the range of the distance between adjacent holes in the debris receiving portion, and not a continuous rotation operation.

  This preferably minimizes the distance of travel of the backwash mechanism, thereby reducing the time required to backwash the filter element and required to backwash the filter element. Reducing the amount of processing liquid taken and, as a result, maximizing the throughput of the filtration assembly.

  The debris receiving portion is preferably configured to receive debris from the filtration element wall upon application of backflow through the filtration wall. In practice, the debris receiver functions as a debris “trap” or collection channel arranged to collect debris away from the filtration wall. In this way, the plurality of debris receiving portions may suitably comprise a circumferentially extending flow path or recess arranged to receive debris from the filtration wall. The channels may suitably comprise one or more conduits arranged to pass debris from each channel to the debris outlet of the filtration device.

  In this way, debris received in the flow path can be routed from the filtration device to a debris outlet or discharge port. The conduits connecting the flow paths of each debris receiving part may preferably be connected to a common conduit extending along the axis of the backwash mechanism. This may be formed, for example, by a hollow tube that supports the debris receiving part. In this way, debris can be routed from the filtration wall to a common conduit or rail and to the debris outlet.

  It will be appreciated that the present invention also extends to gas filtration devices. For example, the present invention can be used to filter solid particles from a gas stream. In such an apparatus, a paper filtration element can be used, for example.

  Debris is removed from the filter element wall by backflow or reversal flow of processing fluid. This is achieved by the differential pressure across the filtration wall. In normal operation, the pressure inside the hollow filtration element is greater than the outside, thereby creating a forward flow of fluid. By reversing the differential pressure between the flow path and the chamber of the filtration device, a local (separated) reverse or reverse flow of the processing fluid is achieved, whereby debris can be removed from the filtration wall.

  The differential pressure may be achieved in any suitable manner. However, preferably the differential pressure may be achieved by reducing the pressure in the conduit in communication with the debris receiving flow path. This results in reducing the pressure in the flow path of the debris receiving portion and moving the debris into the flow path.

  The difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure in the chamber of the filtration device may be sufficient to achieve backflow, in which the control valve selectively opens and closes the debris outlet, thereby , May be provided to form a backflow.

  Additionally or alternatively, a vacuum or suction device may be provided to increase the backflow pressure to enhance the backwash or wash operation. In such an apparatus, the vacuum equipment may be coupled with a debris outlet or debris receiving conduit that forms a backwash mechanism.

  The backwashing mechanism may preferably support the plurality of debris receiving portions using any appropriate structure as described above. The structure may be, for example, a centrally extending hollow tube or shaft with a plurality of radially extending support arms or “spokes” joining the shaft and a plurality of circumferentially extending disks or rings. Further, the disk or the ring may include a debris receiving channel as described above.

  Thus, the conduit through which debris passes from the flow path to the debris outlet may suitably be formed in the support arm or spoke and hollow tube, thereby forming an integrated backwash support structure and debris removal conduit. Is done.

  The filtration element of the chamber housing may be any suitable shape depending on the application and the envelope into which the assembly is to be incorporated.

  Preferably, the cross-section of the chamber of the present invention may be generally cylindrical, and the plurality of hollow filtration elements are arranged parallel to the extension axis of the cylindrical chamber. Suitably, the filtration element may also be cylindrical.

  The processing fluid inlet and filtered processing fluid outlet for the filtration apparatus described above may be coupled to the chamber using conventional piping configurations.

  However, unlike the prior art, the processing fluid inlet and the filtered fluid outlet may preferably be arranged to be coaxial with each other and parallel to the axis of the chamber and the filtering element. Such a configuration allows the filtration device to be incorporated “in-line” in the processing piping, ie coaxially with the processing piping. This negates the conventional 90 degree turn for the processing fluid entering and leaving the filtration device. This is conventionally used in filtration devices, specifically in ballast water filtration devices.

  Preferably, in such a configuration, the processing fluid leaving the filtering device is in-line with the processing fluid entering the filtering device. Preferably, the redirection necessary to effect the filtration of the processing fluid takes place only within the chamber of the filtration device. With such a device, it has been found that the pressure head required to actuate the pressure drop and filtration can preferably be surprisingly reduced.

  The plurality of filtration elements may be arranged in any suitable configuration within the chamber. The plurality of hollow filtration elements according to the invention may be evenly spaced along the perimeter inside the perimeter of the chamber, i.e. radially and circumferentially with respect to the common axis of the filtration device inlet and outlet May be spaced apart in the direction.

  In this way, the ring of the filtering element is provided around the inner surface of the chamber, unlike the conventional case, away from the space located in the center of the chamber. Preferably, the centrally located space functions to receive filtered processing fluid from the outer surface of the filtering element and is further fluidly connected to the outlet of the device. Thereby, a suitable flow path is formed between the inlet of the filtration device and the collection chamber.

  The diameter of the filtration device chamber may suitably be selected to be greater than the diameter of the filtration device inlet, thereby increasing the number of filtration elements contained within the chamber. The assembly may further comprise an enlarged portion arranged to expand from the diameter of the inlet to the diameter of the chamber and to allow fluid to pass there between.

  In this way, at the upstream end of the in-line filtration device, the inlet conduit is designed to gently reduce the flow velocity of the incoming liquid fluid to minimize pressure loss and reduce the diameter of the inlet conduit. It may be connected to a cylindrical filtration housing or chamber by a functioning diameter expanding conduit.

  Within this enlarged diameter conduit section, an appropriate fluid flow guide or guide fluid divides the incoming liquid fluid flow and minimizes an equal amount of incoming liquid fluid flow towards each open end of the filtering element. It may be arranged to induce with pressure loss. The guide may be formed in a special shape, or it may be a simple shape such as a hemispherical shape or a conical shape, depending on the level of pressure loss that can be tolerated. Additionally, the additional guiding fluid may regulate and rectify the incoming liquid fluid flow.

  A sealing plate may additionally be provided to prevent the induction of fluid flow in the filtration device, i.e. to induce fluid flow in the filtration element.

  As described above, the outlet of the filtration device may be similarly arranged so as to include a diameter-expanded portion between the outlet and the space located in the center of the chamber. In this way, the pressure at the outlet can be restored by gently slowing down the fluid, thereby minimizing the effects of the filtering device in the system.

It can be seen that the plurality of filtration elements arranged around form a centrally located space in the chamber as described above. The radius of the space in the center may be defined as the distance defined radially to the surface of one of the filter elements arranged around the central axis of the filter. Suitably, the radius of the centrally located space may be selected to be less than the radius of the outlet of the filtration device. This minimizes pressure loss during filtration.

  In use, the incoming fluid flow is preferably induced with an equal amount of minimal pressure loss within each of the individual filtration elements. In this case, the flow of processing fluid enters the interior of each individual filtration element and begins to pass through each filtration surface of the individual filtration element. As fluid flow passes through the respective filtration surfaces of the individual filtration elements, it merges with the major majority of the filtered fluid in the centrally located space described above and is directed towards the downstream end of the in-line filtration device. The At the downstream end of the in-line filtration device, the outlet conduit moderates the flow rate of the outgoing fluid to minimize pressure loss and to increase the diameter of the outlet conduit before continuing to the processing line. The second diameter-expanding conduit portion as described above, which functions to decelerate, is connected to the cylindrical filtration housing.

  Viewed from another aspect, is a method of backwashing a filtration device, the filtration device comprising a chamber and a plurality of elongated hollow filtration elements housed in the chamber, each filtration element being a semi-permeable filtration. A backwashing mechanism disposed on the wall and in the interior, each backwashing mechanism comprising at least one debris receiving portion having a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the hollow filtration element, the outer periphery of the debris receiving portion being The method is arranged to be directly adjacent to the inner periphery of the filtration wall, and (A) forming a differential pressure between the chamber and the debris receiving portion so that the fluid flows in the opposite direction through the filtration wall. And (B) moving the debris receiving portion relative to the filtration wall to remove the debris from the filtration wall.

  Thus, according to such an aspect, a method for efficiently backwashing the filtration device is provided.

  As described above, the filtration assembly additionally provides an in-line filtration device that minimizes pressure loss in the process piping.

  Aspects of the invention extend to water treatment systems comprising a filtration device as described herein, and similarly to ballast water treatment systems comprising a filtration device as described herein.

  More specifically, the filtration device may be applied to separate organic and inorganic substances, and as a result, associated with floating units, such as land or floating fisheries (fish farms), oil and gas production Such as in any liquid including, but not limited to, clean water applications, production water treatment applications, seawater applications, wastewater applications, and marine applications in facilities and onboard facilities (eg, associated with ballast water management) Effects can be obtained.

  Filtration is also effective in industrial areas such as food and beverage processing, mineral and slurry processing, pharmaceutical processing, chemical processing, and power generation applications such as power plant cooling water pretreatment or transformer oil processing. And is not limited to water-based liquids, but can also be used to treat acids and alkalis.

  It will be understood that the features of the aspects of the invention described herein can be used in any suitable combination, preferably interchangeably.

  Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an in-line filtration device between two horizontal conduits. Figure 2 shows an end view of an in-line filtration device between two horizontal conduits. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of another in-line filtration device between two horizontal conduits. FIG. 4 shows an end view of another in-line filtration device between two horizontal conduits. Fig. 2 shows another inlet for the in-line filtration device of Figs. Fig. 4 shows a flow path into / in a processing fluid in-line filtration device. 1 illustrates an in-line filtration device including a backwash mechanism according to the invention described herein. FIG. 4 presents an enlarged view of the main fluid flow path of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. FIG. 5 presents another view of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. FIG. 4 presents yet another view of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. FIG. 3 presents an internal cross-sectional view of a disk-shaped component showing the connection of a central hollow tube, a narrow 360 degree circumferential groove, and a sealing device. Fig. 4 illustrates a sealing device, process fluid flow, and backwash mechanism movement according to the invention described herein. Another method is presented to connect the discharge conduit and each backwash mechanism to increase the efficiency of the backwash mechanism by reducing pressure loss. FIG. 4 shows a further end view of an in-line filtration assembly according to the invention described herein. FIG. 4 illustrates a further cross-sectional view of an in-line filtration assembly according to the invention described herein.

  While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments are shown by way of example in the drawings and are described in detail herein. However, the drawings and detailed description appended hereto are not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but rather, the invention is intended to be within the spirit and scope of the claimed invention. It should be understood to encompass all included modifications, equivalents, and alternatives.

  FIG. 1A shows the present invention as an inline filtration device between coaxial horizontal conduits. Also, a vertical configuration or any intermediate modification is possible.

  The filtration device of this embodiment is composed of a cylindrical filtration housing (1) that houses a plurality of filtration elements (2). The plurality of filtration elements (2) are arranged on a pitch circle diameter concentric with the outer periphery of the cylindrical filtration casing. This figure shows a support having a holder (5) with an additional fixture (4) on the left end (3) and an additional fixture (6) on the right side, which are filtered in place. Support elements.

  The horizontal inlet conduit (7) is connected to the cylindrical filtration housing by means of an enlarged diameter conduit section (8), the expanded diameter conduit section (8) directing the flow of fluid to each individual filtration element. In order to guide gently with minimal pressure loss, it includes a suitable flow guide (9) and additional conducting fluid (10). In this example, the flow guide is conical. As the fluid is filtered by the respective filtration surfaces of the individual filtration elements, it merges with the major majority of the fluid flow and is directed towards the downstream end of the in-line filtration device.

  At the downstream end, the horizontal outlet conduit (11) is joined with the second enlarged diameter conduit section (12) to gently reduce the speed of the outgoing fluid flow before continuing to flow into the processing line. ing. In this figure, the backwash mechanism is not shown for clarity. However, the collection chamber (13) and discharge conduit (14) used during the backwash process are emphasized.

  FIG. 1B shows an end view from the inlet of the filtration device, where only a suitable flow guide (9) and a guiding fluid (10) can be seen. 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 1B.

  FIG. 1C shows another configuration of the inline filtration device shown in FIG. 1A.

  In another configuration, the shape of the flow guide (9A) is a concave hemisphere. This is particularly useful when the expanded diameter conduit section (8) is very short.

  A short diameter expansion (8) may be required when space is limited. However, the use of the conical guide portion (9) shown in FIG. 1A for a short diameter enlargement is required when the fluid is directed to the filtration element, since the fluid must turn very rapidly. Can cause problems. Using a concave hemispherical flow guide causes the fluid to be decelerated and spread evenly, resulting in an equal amount of entry into the filtration element. The flow guide (9A) need not have an exact hemispherical shape as long as the fluid is decelerated and spread. For example, the cross section of the flow guide may be arcuate instead of semicircular, or any other shape that produces the desired effect.

  FIG. 1D shows an end view from the inlet of the filtration device, where only the flow guide (9A) can be seen. FIG. 1C is a cross section taken along line AA shown in FIG. 1D.

  FIG. 1E shows a third possible configuration of the inlet of the inline filtration device shown in FIG. 1A. In this configuration, the shape of the enlarged diameter portion (8B) is a pressure vessel shape. Thereby, the short diameter expansion part which saves space is formed. By using a known pressure vessel shape, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. If the expanded portion (8B) is in the shape of a pressure vessel, a hemispherical flow guide (9B) is used to ensure that an equal volume of fluid enters the filtration element as described above. .

  FIG. 2 shows a flow path into / into a processing fluid in-line filtration apparatus according to the present invention. Arrows indicate the direction of fluid flow.

  As shown, the fluid flow enters from the left end and is equally directed toward the interior of each of the individual filtration elements with minimal pressure loss. The fluid flow then enters the interior of each of the individual filtration elements and begins to pass through the respective filtration surfaces of the individual filtration elements. At this point, the fluid flow is generally perpendicular to the inlet and outlet axes of the device.

  As the fluid flow passes through the respective filtration surfaces of the individual filtration elements, the major majority of the filtered fluid recombines in the central space of the chamber and a second extension towards the downstream end of the in-line filtration device. Guided into the radial conduit section and then into the outlet conduit with minimal pressure loss.

  FIG. 3 shows a backwash mechanism according to the present invention. The backwash mechanism performs only the linear movement realized by the linear actuator.

  The backwashing mechanism is composed of a central hollow tube (25), and the central hollow tube (25) is a disk-shaped component extending from the central hollow tube outward to the inner surface of the filter element. It has a set of specially designed debris receivers that take the form of (26). The outer periphery of the disk-shaped component (26) is a disk-shaped configuration in order to compensate for the unevenness of the filtering head or the sealing device (27) (eg to minimize the leakage of unfiltered fluid). Ends with a spring loaded sealing head or rubber type seal that forms an effective seal between the part and the inner surface of the filter element.

  In a spring loaded device, the debris receiving portion can be slid axially along the filtration element while maintaining contact with the inner wall of the filtration element, such as PTFE or other suitable A head formed from any material may be provided. For example, such a head may be biased against the filtration surface using a suitable spring (eg, a coil spring). In this way, a seal can be formed between the debris receiving part and the filtration element wall, and irregularities can be absorbed. Such a head, of course, comprises a groove or channel that allows the debris to pass into the debris receiver.

  The disc-shaped component (26) includes a narrow groove or channel having a 360 degree range around the entire circumference of the inner surface of the filtration element. This will be further described below. The central hollow tube is driven from the outside by a linear actuator (28) that linearly moves the backwash mechanism. The central hollow tube also has an opening (29) leading to a debris collection chamber (13) connected to the discharge conduit (14). In this way, a conduit is provided between the groove or channel of the component (26) and the discharge conduit formed as the debris outlet of the filtration device.

  FIG. 4 presents details of fluid flow through individual filtration elements and associated backwash mechanisms. Open arrows indicate the direction of fluid flow during filtration.

  Each filtration element includes a first hollow end (shown on the left side of FIG. 4) and a closed end (shown on the right side of the element of FIG. 4).

  As shown, the fluid flow enters the filtration element (2) and begins to pass through the semipermeable filtration surface of the filtration element. As the liquid flow passes through the filtration surface of the filtration element, it rejoins the main fluid flow as described above. The central hollow tube (25) is closed at the end furthest from the external linear actuator (on the left side of FIG. 4), but open at its opposite end (29). In this way, a path or conduit is provided. The opposite end of the central hollow tube terminates in a debris collection chamber below the filtration element, where a portion of the central hollow tube is connected to an external linear actuator and is connected to the central hollow tube. A portion of the tube is open to the debris collection chamber. When cleaning is required, the valve can be opened in the discharge conduit so that the liquid fluid flows from the surface of the external filtration element and within the narrow circumferential groove or channel (27) of the debris receiver or disk (26). Further backwash the mass of material along the central hollow tube (25) through the opening (29) to the debris collection chamber, where the liquid fluid can then be further discharged through the discharge conduit. The flow of backwash fluid is indicated by black arrows. Thus, the open arrow indicates the forward flow of the processing fluid, and the black arrow indicates the reverse flow of the backwash flow. This figure further shows the linear movement of the backwash mechanism.

  5A and 5B are other views of the filtration element shown in the cross section of FIG. FIG. 5B shows the backwashing mechanism support structure and a plurality of debris receiving portions spaced from each other at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction thereof. As shown, the debris receiving portion is formed from a ring or disk connected to a hollow central shaft by a plurality of spokes or support arms. In FIG. 5B, four spokes are shown for each disk. It will be appreciated that any suitable number or shape of debris receptacles can be used. For example, it may be partially angled or partially reshaped to facilitate fluid flow.

  Shown is a central hollow tube (25) with a plurality of disk-shaped components (26) extending radially outwardly from the central hollow tube toward the inner surface of the filtration element. The seal (27) is provided as further described below.

  The disc-shaped component includes a narrow groove having a 360 degree range all around the inner surface of the filter element. The shape and configuration of the debris receiving part and the groove are configured according to the shape of a specific filtering element forming the filtering device.

  For example, in the case of a circular cross section, the filtration region extends around 360 degrees, so a groove in the range of 360 degrees is required, and if the device comprises a square filtration element, the debris receiving section is similar Have a square cross-section, with grooves on each side of the square. In such a configuration, the square corners can function as support regions as opposed to filtration regions, and therefore the grooves do not need to extend over these regions. Thus, the groove is configured to extend across the entire filtration region in a given cross section. Thereby, the entire filtration surface of the filtration element is washed in the axial movement of the debris receiving part without unnecessarily washing the non-filtration region.

  In practice, the debris receiving portion is provided with a groove (or a plurality of holes through which the debris can pass) configured to correspond to the cross section of the filtration region and the filtration element wall.

  The central hollow tube (25) is closed at the end furthest from the external linear actuator and open at its opposite end (29). This forms a debris outlet or outlet.

  The spokes extending between the disk-shaped components are evacuated to provide a path for the backwash fluid to reach the central hollow tube.

  The spoke configuration also allows unfiltered processing fluid to enter and preferably travel along the length of the hollow filtration element.

  Although shown exaggeratedly in the figure, the disk portion is selected to be as thin as possible while maintaining the necessary structural strength according to the application. In this way, the area of the filtration wall that is always covered by the outer circumference of the disc is minimized, thereby maximizing the filtration area.

  FIG. 5A shows the backwash mechanism inserted into the hollow elongated filtration element (2). As shown in FIG. 5A, it can be seen that the open end (29) of the backwash mechanism, ie, the port from which debris is removed from the assembly, extends from the distal or lower end of the filtration element. . This end of the filter element corresponds to the closed end of the filter. As can be seen from FIG. 5B, the upper end of the element corresponds to the open end of the element.

  FIG. 6A presents a cross-section of the filtration device and backwash mechanism shown in FIG. 5B. The portion of the filtration device and mechanism shown in FIG. 6A corresponds to the upper end of FIG. 5B, showing the open end of the filtration element through which the processing fluid passes and the closed end of the central hollow tube (25). .

  As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the disk-shaped component (26) extends from the centrally located hollow tube (25) to the inner surface (32) of the filtration element wall. A 360 degree narrow circumferential groove (33) is provided directly adjacent to the filtration wall. Seals (27) are provided on both sides of the disk-shaped component (26) to prevent processing fluid in the hollow portion of the filtration element from passing directly into the hollow tube (25). FIG. 6A also shows a support plate (34) that supports a hollow central tube (25).

  FIG. 6B shows an enlarged cross section of the debris receiving part and the filtration wall.

  FIG. 6B shows the disk-shaped component (26), the filtration wall (2), and the external housing (1) of the filtration device forming the debris receiving part. The component (26) extends so that the outer periphery of the component (26) is directly adjacent to the inner surface (32) of the filtration wall, and on both sides of the component (26) there is a hollow space of the filtration element and An O-ring seal (27) is provided to seal between the central flow path (35) or part (26).

The central flow path (35) comprises a narrow portion adjacent to the filtration wall and a wider portion communicating with the hollow tube (25). This is illustrated in FIG. 6A. Further shown in FIG. 6B is the pitch spacing S ₁ between adjacent portions (26) and the half pitch movement S ₂ of the portions as described below.

  In use, the filtration device functions as follows.

  The processing fluid flows into the center of the hollow elongate filtration element, for example through the holes in the support plate (34) shown in FIG. 6A. Referring again to FIG. 6B, in the normal mode of operation, i.e., the non-backwash mode, the processing fluid flows as indicated by the non-black arrows. That is, fluid flows from the interior of the hollow filtration element through the filtration wall into a cavity formed between the outer surface of the element and the chamber housing (1).

The process fluid flow is driven by the difference between the pressures at P ₁ and P ₂ . P ₁ is the pressure inside the hollow filtration element and P ₂ is the pressure outside the hollow filtration element. The pressure in the flow path (35) of the part (26) is maintained at a pressure equal to or higher than the pressure outside the filtration element. That is, it is as follows.
P ₃ => P ₂

  The O-ring seal (27) prevents unfiltered fluid from flowing into the flow path (35) and process fluid is directed through the semi-permeable filter wall to the outlet of the assembly, thereby allowing impurities Are removed and retained by the filtration wall in the form of debris or “bulk”.

In order to achieve a backwash cycle, the pressure in the flow path is reduced to be less than the pressure external to the filtration element. That is, it is as follows.
P ₃ <= P ₂

  This pressure reduction may be achieved, for example, by depressurizing or aspirating from the debris outlet port (29) described above.

  The flow of backwash fluid is indicated by black arrows. As shown, the processing fluid filtered at the outer surface of the hollow filter element is directed in the opposite direction through the filter element wall to carry the debris mass located on the inner surface (32) of the filter into the flow path (35). Flowing into. Again, the O-ring seal (27) prevents unfiltered process liquid from entering the chamber directly. This minimizes the amount of liquid exiting the filtration device during the backwash cycle.

Next, the operation of the backwash mechanism will be described. As shown in Figure 6B, component parts which are adjacent to each other (26) are separated from each other by a spacing pitch S _1. S _2, this shows a half the pitch, shows a first limit of movement of the linear direction and a second linear direction of the respective component (26).

To achieve a backwash cycle, first the pressure in the flow path is opened so that the control valve connects the debris outlet (29) and the multiple flow paths through the hollow tube (25). Is reduced. If the difference between the atmospheric pressure and P ₂ is sufficiently large, additional suction is not required. If the pressure difference is not large enough, additional suction can be applied to satisfy the condition P ₃ <= P ₂ . Both conditions may reverse the flow of the processing fluid, and the fluid begins to flow into the flow path (35), carrying the debris from the filtration wall into the flow path and out of the debris outlet (29).

  At the same time, a linear actuator is actuated for each or individual backwashing mechanism to effect linear movement of the backwashing mechanism. Since the plurality of components (26) are integrally coupled with the hollow tube, all of the components move in an axially synchronous manner along each filtration element.

Linear actuator, in a first direction x ⁺ distance of S _2, and, opposite direction x ^- distance of the S ₂ to, and is disposed backwashing mechanism for reciprocating. This is illustrated in Figure 6B, where the components A is from the starting point _{A x0} x ^- is the movement direction by a distance _{S 2} in, then returned to the starting point _{A x0.} Similarly, as component A moves, also move components B, when A is moved in the direction of x ^+, component B is moved in the same direction by a distance S _2.

  Each of the disk-shaped components extends over the entire inner circumference of the hollow filtration element. As described above, depending on the shape of the filtration element, the debris receiving part and the debris receiving flow path are configured accordingly.

In this way, the combined effect with linear movement is that the movement of the backwashing mechanism in each direction half of the component pitch S ₁ takes the entire surface of the hollow element to a minimum time and thus a minimum treatment. It can be cleaned with the use of fluid.

  FIG. 7 illustrates another way of connecting each debris removal mechanism to the debris removal outlet or discharge conduit to increase the efficiency of the backwash mechanism by reducing pressure loss.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the flexible conduit (30) connects directly from the opening of the central tube (25) to the discharge conduit (14), thereby reducing the need for a debris collection chamber. Avoid, eliminate and reduce pressure loss. Secondly, the flow of backwashing the mass of material can be discharged from the filtration element in a more efficient manner since there is little restriction on its path. In addition, a dedicated solenoid valve (31) for each backwash mechanism is shown. Thereby, each backwashing mechanism may be operated independently so as not to affect each other.

FIG. 8A shows an end view of the filtering device viewed from the inlet. Inlet axis A ₁ is shown in the center of the filter having a plurality of hollow filter elements which are arranged in the radial and circumferential directions, a plurality of hollow filter elements, respectively, the radius r and the angle theta (theta) Is arranged in. Only three elements are shown, each of which has an axis A _2.

Figure 8B shows a cross-section of the filtration device, likewise, shows the axis A ₁ is a right outlet coaxial with Figure 8B as shown. Each filter element is parallel to the axis A _1, as shown, it has an axis A ₂ that is spaced from the axis A ₁ in the radial direction.

Unfiltered processing fluid is indicated by unfilled arrows, and filtered processing fluid is indicated by black arrows. As shown in Figure 8B, the fluid unfiltered enters the filtration apparatus along the axis A _1, then enters distributed to each of the hollow filter element along the axis A _2. The closure plate (36) ensures that no fluid flows directly along the axis of the filtration device. The fluid passes through the filtration wall in the radial direction and then turns to realign with the axis A1. The filtered fluid is then sent to the outlet shown on the right side of FIG. 8B. As shown, the unfiltered inlet fluid and the filtered outlet fluid have a common coaxial axis. The central region (37) shown in FIG. 8B is conventionally filled with additional filtration elements to maximize the filtration region within a given chamber. We prefer that sacrificing this area for a centrally located fluid collection and regulation chamber provides surprisingly significant advantages in terms of the overall performance of the filtration device. discovered. An equal volume of fluid can be easily and gently guided to each filtration element, as described above, which in turn preferably reduces pressure loss.

  Thus, according to the invention described herein, the pressure loss is minimal and requires a minimal pressure head, which functions by the coaxial properties of the inlet and outlet of the filtration element and the internal device. An in-line filtration device is provided. In addition, a backwashing mechanism that can be used separately from conventional filtration assemblies or a backwashing mechanism that can be used synergistically with an enclosed inline filtration device to further enhance the filtration device is provided. Can be done.

  It will be appreciated that the advantages of the teachings herein featuring any aspect of the invention described herein may be suitably used in any suitable combination.

(Clause)
1. A coaxial inlet and outlet, and a plurality of hollow filtration elements, each of the hollow filtration elements being arranged radially and circumferentially spaced relative to the inlet and outlet axes and extending parallel to the axis; A filtration device in which each of the hollow filtration elements is arranged to pass fluid from the inside of the hollow filtration element to the outside through a semipermeable filtration wall.
2. The filtration device of clause 1, wherein the fluid flow path through the filtration device is configured such that a change in the direction of the fluid from an axis defined by the inlet and the outlet occurs within the housing of the filtration device. .
3. A fluid treatment system comprising the filtration assembly according to clause 1 or 2.
4). The ballast water treatment system containing the filtration apparatus or method as described in any one of clauses 1-3.
[Items of Invention]
[Item 1]
A chamber and a plurality of elongated hollow filtration elements housed in the chamber, each of the filtration elements comprising a semipermeable filtration wall and a backwash mechanism disposed therein;
Each of the backwashing mechanisms includes at least one debris receiving portion, the cross section of the at least one debris receiving portion corresponds to the cross section of the hollow filtration element, and the outer periphery of the debris receiving portion is hollow. A filtration device arranged directly adjacent to the inner periphery of the filtration wall of the filtration element.
[Item 2]
The filtering device according to item 1, wherein both the filtering element and the debris receiving part have a circular cross section, and an outer periphery of the debris receiving part is arranged so as to be directly adjacent to an inner surface of the filtering element.
[Item 3]
Item 3. The filtration device according to item 2, wherein the debris receiving part is in the form of a disk, and the filtration element is in the form of a hollow cylinder.
[Item 4]
Each of the filtration elements comprises a first open end and a second closed end arranged to receive fluid from an inlet to the filtration device, the fluid entering the filtration element being semi-permeable The filtration device according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the filtration device is guided through the filtration wall.
[Item 5]
Item 5. The filtration device according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the backwash mechanism is configured to allow movement of the debris receiving portion along at least a portion of the length of each of the filtration elements. .
[Item 6]
6. The filtration device according to item 5, wherein the debris receiving portion is disposed on a shaft disposed coaxially with the filtration element and is movable along an extension axis of the shaft.
[Item 7]
The backwashing mechanism is configured to reciprocate in a respective opposite direction along the longitudinal direction of the filtration element by a distance equal to half the axial spacing of adjacent debris receiving portions. The filtration device according to 5 or 6.
[Item 8]
The filtration device according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein each of the backwashing mechanisms includes a plurality of debris receiving portions that are evenly spaced along the respective longitudinal directions of the filtration elements.
[Item 9]
The backwash mechanism includes a plurality of debris receiving portions,
Each of the debris receiving portions is disposed to pass a debris extending from each of the surrounding flow passages to a debris outlet of the filtration device, and to each of the surrounding flow passages arranged to receive the debris from the filtration wall. 9. The filtration device according to any one of items 1 to 8, comprising at least one conduit.
[Item 10]
Item 10. The filtration device of item 9, wherein the at least one conduit extends from the peripheral flow path of each of the debris receiving portions to a centrally disposed conduit extending along a longitudinal direction of the backwash mechanism.
[Item 11]
Item 11. The filtration device according to Item 9 or 10, further comprising a control valve arranged to selectively open and close the debris outlet.
[Item 12]
The filtration device according to any one of items 9 to 11, further comprising a suction device coupled to the debris outlet.
[Item 13]
13. The filtration device according to any one of items 1 to 12, further comprising a drive mechanism configured to perform linear movement and reciprocation of the backwashing mechanism along the axis of the filtration element.
[Item 14]
14. The filtration device according to any one of items 1 to 13, wherein the chamber is substantially cylindrical and a plurality of hollow filtration elements are arranged in parallel with an extension axis of the cylindrical chamber.
[Item 15]
Item 15. The filtration device of item 14, wherein a plurality of hollow filtration elements are evenly spaced along the perimeter inside the perimeter of the chamber.
[Item 16]
A flow arranged between the inlet of the filtration device and the hollow filtration element and arranged to direct fluid in use from the filtration device inlet to the respective open end of the hollow filtration element Item 16. The filtration device according to Item 14 or 15, further comprising a guide.
[Item 17]
Item 17. The filtration device of item 16, wherein the flow guide is conical.
[Item 18]
Item 17. The filtration device of item 16, wherein the flow guide comprises a recess facing and aligned with the inlet.
[Item 19]
Item 19. The filtration device of item 18, wherein the shape of the flow guide is a concave hemisphere.
[Item 20]
The filtration device according to any one of items 16 to 19, wherein the flow guide includes a flow guide plate.
[Item 21]
The diameter of the chamber is greater than the diameter of the inlet of the filtration device so that the filtration device expands from the diameter of the inlet to the diameter of the chamber and allows fluid to pass between the inlet and the chamber. 21. The filtration device according to any one of items 16 to 20, further comprising a disposed enlarged diameter portion.
[Item 22]
A plurality of filtration elements arranged around form a space located at the center, and the space located at the center is selected from the plurality of filtration elements arranged around the center axis of the filtration device. Having a radially defined radius to one proximate surface;
The filtration device according to any one of items 14 to 21, wherein the radius of the space located at the center is equal to or less than the radius of the outlet of the filtration device.
[Item 23]
Item 23. The filtration device according to Item 22, further comprising a diameter-expanded portion disposed between the space located at the center and the outlet, and disposed to allow fluid to pass between the space and the outlet.
[Item 24]
24. A filtration device according to any one of items 1 to 23, comprising an assembly inlet and outlet, wherein the inlet and outlet are coaxial.
[Item 25]
Any of items 1-24, wherein the debris receiving portion is provided with sealing means, and the sealing means is arranged to form a seal between the outer periphery of the debris receiving portion and the inner wall of the filtration element. A filtration device according to claim 1.
[Item 26]
26. A filtration device according to item 25, wherein the sealing means is a pair of O-ring seals.
[Item 27]
26. The filtration device according to item 25, wherein the sealing means is a sealing member arranged to be biased against the inner wall of the filtration element.
[Item 28]
The plurality of debris receiving portions are arranged to move only in a straight line toward the first direction and to move while rotating at the same time as being linear in the second return direction. The filtration apparatus as described in any one of -27.
[Item 29]
A method of backwashing a filtration device, wherein the filtration device comprises:
A chamber and a plurality of elongated hollow filtration elements housed in the chamber, each of the filtration elements comprising a semi-permeable filtration wall and a backwash mechanism disposed therein;
Each of the backwashing mechanisms includes at least one debris receiving portion, the cross section of the at least one debris receiving portion corresponds to the cross section of the hollow filtration element, and the outer periphery of the debris receiving portion is A method of being arranged directly adjacent to the inner periphery of the filtration wall of the filtration element,
(A) creating a pressure difference between the chamber and the debris receiving portion such that fluid flows in the opposite direction through the filtration wall;
(B) moving the debris receiving portion relative to the filtration wall to remove debris from the filtration wall;
Including methods.
[Item 30]
A fluid treatment system comprising the filtration device according to any one of items 1 to 28.
[Item 31]
30. A ballast water treatment system comprising the filtration device or method according to any one of items 1 to 29.
[Item 32]
A filtration device substantially similar to that described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[Item 33]
A method substantially similar to that described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Claims (27)

An inlet, an outlet, a chamber, a plurality of elongated hollow filter element housed in the chamber, comprising a respective said filtration elements, the backwash mechanism disposed filtering walls and internal semipermeable A filtering device comprising:
The chamber is substantially cylindrical, and a plurality of hollow filtration elements are disposed parallel to an extension axis of the cylindrical chamber;
A plurality of hollow filtration elements are evenly spaced along the perimeter inside the perimeter of the chamber;
Each of the backwashing mechanisms includes at least one debris receiving portion, the cross section of the at least one debris receiving portion corresponds to the cross section of the hollow filtration element, and the outer periphery of the debris receiving portion is hollow. Disposed directly adjacent to the inner periphery of the filtration wall of the filtration element of
The plurality of filtration elements arranged around form a space located at the center, and the space located at the center is among the plurality of filtration elements arranged around the central axis of the filtration device. Having a radially defined radius to one of the proximal surfaces of
The radius of the space located in the center, Ri the radius less der of the outlet of the filtration device,
Fluid flowing from the inlet of the filtration device enters each of the filtration elements, passes through the filtration wall of each of the filtration elements, is collected in the centrally located space, and toward the outlet. Guided,
The inlet and the outlet are coaxial with each other and parallel to the axis of the chamber and filtration element;
Filtration device.   The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein both the filtration element and the debris receiving part have a circular cross section, and an outer periphery of the debris receiving part is arranged to be directly adjacent to an inner surface of the filtration element. .   The filtration device according to claim 2, wherein the debris receiving part is in the form of a disk, and the filtration element is in the form of a hollow cylinder. Each of the filtration elements includes a first open end and a second closed end arranged to receive fluid from the inlet of the filtration device, and the fluid entering the filtration element is half The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filtration device is guided through the permeable filtration wall.   The filtration according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the backwash mechanism is configured to allow movement of the debris receiving portion along at least a portion of the length of each of the filtration elements. apparatus.   6. The filtration device according to claim 5, wherein the debris receiving part is disposed on a shaft disposed coaxially with the filtration element and is movable along an extension axis of the shaft.   The backwashing mechanism is configured to reciprocate in a direction opposite to each other along a longitudinal direction of the filtration element by a distance equal to half of an axial interval between adjacent debris receiving portions. Item 7. The filtration device according to Item 5 or 6.   The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein each of the backwashing mechanisms includes a plurality of debris receiving portions that are evenly spaced along the longitudinal direction of each of the filtration elements. The backwash mechanism includes a plurality of debris receiving portions,
Each of the debris receiving portions is disposed to pass a debris extending from each of the surrounding flow passages to a debris outlet of the filtration device, and to each of the surrounding flow passages arranged to receive the debris from the filtration wall. The filtration device according to claim 1, comprising at least one conduit.   The filtration device according to claim 9, wherein the at least one conduit extends from the peripheral flow path of each of the debris receiving portions to a centrally disposed conduit extending along a longitudinal direction of the backwash mechanism. .   The filtration device according to claim 9 or 10, further comprising a control valve arranged to selectively open and close the debris outlet.   The filtration device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, further comprising a suction device coupled to the debris outlet.   The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising a drive mechanism configured to perform linear movement and reciprocation of the backwashing mechanism along the axis of the filtration element. Disposed between the inlet and the hollow of the filtering element of the filtering device, and is arranged to direct fluid from the inlet of the filtration device in use to the respective open ends of the hollow of the filtration element The filtration device of claim 1, further comprising a flow guide.   15. A filtration device according to claim 14, wherein the flow guide is conical.   15. A filtration device according to claim 14, wherein the flow guide comprises a recess facing and aligned with the inlet.   The filtration device according to claim 16, wherein the shape of the flow guide is a concave hemisphere.   The filtration device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the flow guide includes a flow guide plate. The diameter of the chamber, the greater than the inlet diameter of the filtration device, so that the filtering device, and enlarged from the inlet diameter to the diameter of said chamber, and passing fluid between said inlet and said chamber The filtration device according to any one of claims 14 to 18, further comprising a diameter-expanded portion disposed in the outer periphery.   The filtration device according to claim 1, further comprising a diameter-expanded portion disposed between the space located at the center and the outlet and disposed to allow fluid to pass between the space and the outlet. The debris receiving part, sealing means are provided, said sealing means, said are arranged to form a seal between the outer and the inner wall of the filtration elements of the debris receiving part, according to claim 1 to 20 The filtration apparatus as described in any one. The filtration device according to claim 21 , wherein the sealing means is a pair of O-ring seals. The filtration device according to claim 21 , wherein the sealing means is a sealing member arranged to be urged against the inner wall of the filtration element. The plurality of debris receiving portions are arranged to move only in a straight line toward the first direction and to move while rotating in a straight line toward the second return direction at the same time. filtration apparatus according to any one of 1-23. A method of backwashing a filtration device, wherein the filtration device comprises:
Parallel to the inlet, an outlet, and a substantially cylindrical chamber, comprises a plurality of elongated hollow filter element housed in the chamber, the said filtering element of the plurality of hollow, the elongated axis of the chamber cylindrical A plurality of hollow filtration elements are evenly spaced along the circumference inside the circumference of the chamber, and a plurality of the filtration elements arranged in the circumference are located in a central space. The centrally located space has a radially defined radius from a central axis of the filtration device to a proximity surface of one of the plurality of filtration elements disposed around it. And
The radius of the space located in the center, the is the radius of the exit following the filtering apparatus, each of the elongated hollow the filtration element comprises a backwash mechanism disposed filtering walls and internal semipermeable ,
Each of the backwashing mechanisms includes at least one debris receiving portion, the cross section of the at least one debris receiving portion corresponds to the cross section of the hollow filtration element, and the outer periphery of the debris receiving portion is Arranged to be directly adjacent to the inner periphery of the filtration wall of the filtration element ;
Fluid flowing from the inlet of the filtration device enters each of the filtration elements, passes through the filtration wall of each of the filtration elements, is collected in the centrally located space, and toward the outlet. Guided,
It said inlet and said outlet are coaxial one another and are parallel to the axis of the chamber and the filter element, the method comprising
(A) creating a pressure difference between the chamber and the debris receiving portion such that fluid flows in the opposite direction through the filtration wall;
(B) moving the debris receiving portion relative to the filtration wall to remove debris from the filtration wall. A fluid treatment system comprising the filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 24 . The ballast water treatment system containing the filtration apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-24 .

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