JP6109987B2 - Nozzle for additive manufacturing apparatus and additive manufacturing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to an additive manufacturing apparatus nozzle and additive manufacturing apparatus.

  Conventionally, an additive manufacturing apparatus for forming an additive manufacturing object is known. The additive manufacturing apparatus supplies powder of material from a nozzle and emits laser light to melt the powder to form a layer of material, and stacks the layers to form an additive manufacturing object.

JP 2009-1900 A

  Conventionally, for example, deterioration of modeling accuracy due to scattering of powder and quality deterioration of a modeled object due to fume have been problems. Therefore, in this type of apparatus, for example, it would be meaningful if a new configuration capable of improving the supply of powder, the discharge (collection) of powder and fume, and the like can be obtained.

The nozzle of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment includes an emission unit, a material supply unit, and an exhaust unit. An energy beam is emitted from the emission part. The material supply unit is provided with a material supply port for injecting material powder. The exhaust part is provided with an exhaust port through which the material is discharged. The material supply port and the exhaust port are arranged at an interval so that the powder of the material can flow . The emission part is provided so as to be able to emit energy rays so as to intersect with at least a part of the flow of the powder of the material from the material supply port toward the exhaust port .

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a nozzle of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view (bottom view) of the tip of the nozzle of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a nozzle according to a first modification. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a nozzle according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the nozzle of the third embodiment.

  Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments and modifications of the present invention will be disclosed. The configurations and controls (technical features) of the embodiments and modifications shown below, and the operations and results (effects) brought about by the configurations and controls are examples. In the embodiment and modification of the present invention, laser light is used as the energy beam. The energy beam may be any material that can melt the material like laser light, and may be an electron beam or an electromagnetic wave in the microwave to ultraviolet region.

  Moreover, the same component is contained in several embodiment and modification which are disclosed below. In the following, common reference numerals are given to similar components, and redundant description is omitted.

<First Embodiment>
As shown in FIG. 1, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a stage 12, a moving device 13, a nozzle device 14, a light source 41, and the like.

  The additive manufacturing apparatus 1 condenses and irradiates the laser beam 200 on the modeling spot 110c in parallel with supplying the material 121 to the modeling spot 110c of the object 110 arranged on the stage 12 by the nozzle device 14. To do. Thereby, the material 121 and the target object 110 are welded. By repeating such an operation, the material 121 is stacked on the object 110, and a layered object (modeled object) having a predetermined shape can be formed. The material 121 is a powdery metal material, a resin material, or the like. One or more materials 121 are used for modeling. The material 121 is accommodated in the tank 31a. The laser beam 200 is an example of energy rays. In addition, you may use energy rays other than a laser beam.

  The nozzle device 14 has a structure in which a nozzle 33 includes a supply pipe 34 and a discharge pipe 35. The supply pipe 34 is connected to the supply apparatus 31, and the material 121 is supplied from the tank 31 a through the supply apparatus 31 and the supply pipe 34. Further, the discharge pipe 35 is connected to the discharge device 32, and the material 121 is discharged to the tank 31 a through the discharge pipe 35 and the discharge device 32.

  The light source 41 is connected to the optical system 42 via the cable 210. The light source 41 has an oscillation element (not shown), and emits a laser beam 200 by the oscillation of the oscillation element. The light source 41 can change the power density of the emitted laser light.

  The laser beam 200 is irradiated to the condensing lens 336 provided in the nozzle 33 via the cable 210, and is condensed on the modeling spot 110c by the condensing lens 336. Thereby, the modeling spot 110c is melted.

  Next, a modeling method by the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 will be described. The laser beam 200 is focused on the modeling spot 110c, and the object 110 is melted. At the same time, the material 121 is supplied from the nozzle 33 and stacked on the modeling spot 110c. Here, the material 121 supplied to the modeling spot 110 c is heated by the laser beam 200. For this reason, in the modeling spot 110c, the temperature difference between the material 121 and the object 110 is reduced, and both are laminated more densely. That is, it becomes possible to increase the density of the shaped object.

  Here, with reference to FIG.2, 3, the detailed structure and function of the exemplary nozzle 33 of this embodiment are demonstrated. In the following, for convenience of explanation, an X direction, a Y direction, and a Z direction that are orthogonal to each other are determined. The X direction is a right direction in FIG. 2, the Y direction is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 2, and the Z direction is an upward direction in FIG. The upper surface of the stage 12 extends along a two-dimensional plane stretched between the X direction and the Y direction. In the additive manufacturing apparatus 1, at least one of the nozzle 33 and the stage 12 moves in the X direction and the Y direction, so that the nozzle 33 and the stage 12 move relatively, and the material along the planes in the X direction and the Y direction. Can be laminated. Then, the material 121 is sequentially laminated in the Z direction, so that a three-dimensional layered object is formed. The X direction and the Y direction can be referred to as a horizontal direction, a horizontal direction, or the like. The Z direction can be referred to as a vertical direction, a vertical direction, a height direction, a thickness direction, a vertical direction, or the like.

  The nozzle 33 includes a body 330. The body 330 has a curved shape and is made of a material having high heat resistance such as boron nitride (ceramic material). The longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the body 330 is, for example, along the Z direction. The lateral direction (width direction) of the body 330 is, for example, along the X direction. The depth direction of the body 330 is along the Y direction. However, the longitudinal direction need not be the Z direction, and may be the X direction or the Y direction. The same applies to the short direction. The body 330 includes a lower surface 331, side surfaces 332a and 332b, and the like as outer surfaces (surfaces). The lower surface 331 is positioned at an end portion (lower end) in the longitudinal direction of the body 330 and may also be referred to as an end surface. The lower surface 331 faces the modeling spot 110c. The lower surface 331 is formed in a curved surface that is convex (convex downward) toward the modeling spot 110c. The side surfaces 332a and 332b are positioned at the ends of the body 330 in the short direction and may also be referred to as peripheral surfaces. The side surfaces 332a and 332b are formed in a curved surface convex toward the outside in the width direction (convex left or right). The shape of the cross section along the width direction and the depth direction of the body 330, that is, the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is, for example, a quadrangular shape (for example, a rectangular shape). On the other hand, in a cross section along the longitudinal direction and the width direction, the body 330 has a tapered shape that becomes thinner toward the distal end side, and also has a shape along the width direction. For example, there is an arc shape as such a tip shape.

  The body 330 is provided with a plurality of openings 333, 334 and 335. The opening 333 is a through hole and extends along the axial direction (Z direction) of the body 330 at the center in the width direction of the body 330 and opens at the center of the lower surface 331. The opening 333 has a substantially circular cross section. The laser beam 200 is introduced into the opening 333 via the cable 210 or the like. The opening 333 is a path for the laser beam 200 (light beam). That is, the laser beam 200 focused by the nozzle 33 or the lens 336 provided outside the nozzle 33 is passed through the opening 333. In FIG. 2, the opening 333 is depicted as opening along the light beam of the laser light 200, but it is not always necessary to open along the light beam of the laser light 200. That is, as long as the laser beam 200 passes, any opening shape may be used. However, by opening along the luminous flux of the laser beam 200 in this way, the amount of fumes flowing from the opening end 333a can be reduced. The laser beam 200 that has passed through the opening 333 is emitted from the opening end 333a toward the modeling spot 110c and is condensed at the condensing position Pc. The condensing position Pc is set at a position away from the lower surface 331 by a predetermined distance. The body 330 is an example of an emitting part. In this figure, the condensing position Pc is drawn at a location away from the lower surface 331, but is actually near the lower surface 331.

  The opening 334 is a through-hole, is an end portion in the width direction of the body 330 (right side in the example of FIG. 2), extends along the axial direction of the body 330, and is opened at the lower surface 331. The opening 334 extends substantially along the side surface 332a and the lower surface 331. That is, the opening 334 extends substantially along the Z direction in the upper direction, gradually bends toward the laser beam 200 (in the negative direction in the X direction in FIG. 2) toward the lower side, and is opened at the lower surface 331. . The opening 334 is opened along the lower surface 331. The opening direction (opening direction) at the opening end 334a of the opening 334 is substantially along the X direction. At least a part of the opening end 334a is located closer to the distal end side of the body 330 than the opening end 333a. The front end side is also the side in the direction of emission of the laser beam 200 or the side close to the modeling spot 110c. FIG. 3 shows the XY plane of the tip of the body 330 viewed from the negative direction of the Z axis. As shown in this figure, the opening end 334a is located at a position where the distance from the center of the lower surface 331 is larger than the opening end 333a. The opening 334 has a rectangular cross section elongated in the Y direction at least in a region near the opening end 334a. That is, the opening 334 is a slit-shaped through hole. The opening 334 is formed in a slit shape extending along the laser beam 200 so as to gradually approach the laser beam 200. In the region close to the laser beam 200, it is desirable that the direction in which the opening end 334a and the opening end 335a face each other is orthogonal to the emission direction of the laser beam 200. At this time, the powder supplied from the opening end 334a is carried along the surface of the modeling spot 110c, and the component which a powder collides with the modeling spot 110c and is scattered can be reduced. The opening 334 is connected to the supply device 31 through the supply pipe 34 and the like. The opening 334 is used as a passage for supplying gas, material 121, and the like. The opening 334 is an example of an air supply port and a material supply port, and the body 330 is an example of an air supply unit and a material supply unit.

  The opening 335 is a through hole, and extends along the axial direction of the body 330 at the other end in the width direction of the body 330 (left side in the example of FIG. 2), and is opened at the lower surface 331. The opening 335 extends substantially along the side surface 332b and the lower surface 331. That is, the opening 335 extends substantially along the Z direction at the upper side, and gradually bends toward the positive side in the X direction (the right side in FIG. 2, the laser beam 200 side) toward the lower side, and is opened at the lower surface 331. Yes. The opening 335 is opened along the lower surface 331. The opening direction (opening direction) at the opening end 335a of the opening 335 is substantially along the X direction. At least a part of the opening end 335a is positioned closer to the distal end side of the body 330 than the opening end 333a. The front end side is also the side in the direction of emission of the laser beam 200 or the side close to the modeling spot 110c. As shown in FIG. 3, the opening end 335a is located farther from the center of the lower surface 331 than the opening end 333a. The opening 335 has a rectangular cross section elongated in the Y direction at least in a region near the opening end 334a. That is, the opening 335 is a slit-shaped through hole. The opening 335 is formed in a slit shape extending along the emitting direction of the laser beam 200 and gradually approaching the laser beam 200. In the region close to the laser beam 200, it is desirable that the direction in which the opening end 334a and the opening end 335a face each other is orthogonal to the emission direction of the laser beam 200. At this time, the powder supplied from the opening end 334a is carried along the surface of the modeling spot 110c, and the component which a powder collides with the modeling spot 110c and is scattered can be reduced. The opening 335 is connected to the discharge device 32 via the discharge pipe 35 and the like. The opening 335 is used as a passage for discharging (collecting) gas, material 121, fume, dust, and the like from the processing region. The opening 335 is an example of an exhaust port and a recovery port, and the body 330 is an example of an exhaust unit and a recovery unit.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the opening ends 334a and 335a of the openings 334 and 335 are spaced apart from each other in the X direction (width direction). The open end 333a is located at the approximate center between the open end 334a and the open end 335a. The open ends 334a and 335a are opposed to each other with a gap therebetween. Open ends 334a and 335a face each other in the X direction. The open ends 334a and 335a face each other, for example. The opening directions of the openings 334 and 335 substantially coincide. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the optical path of the laser beam 200 is located between the opening 334 and the opening 335. In such a configuration, a gas flow Sg (airflow, see FIG. 3) is formed from the opening 334 through the space through which the emitted laser beam 200 passes through to the opening 335. The direction of the flow Sg is substantially along the surface of the modeling spot 110c and substantially along the X direction. The direction of the flow Sg is substantially along the direction intersecting the direction in which the laser beam 200 is emitted (direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 3) or the position of the twist.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the optical path (condensing position Pc) of the emitted laser light 200 and the opening 335 (exhaust port) through which gas is discharged from the periphery (near, surrounding, adjacent space) are provided. It has been. The opening 335 faces the optical path of the laser beam 200 or its peripheral part. Therefore, for example, the powder of the material 121 that has not been used for modeling, the fume generated by modeling, and the like are discharged through the opening 335, so that the powder and fume of the material 121 are processed in the processing region (modeling region). It can be suppressed that it remains or diffuses around. Note that the peripheral portion is a space where substantial effects can be obtained with respect to, for example, the discharge of powder and fume of the material 121 and the supply of the material 121 by the supply (or exhaust) according to the present embodiment.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the opening part 334 (air supply opening) through which gas is supplied toward the optical path of the laser beam 200 and its peripheral part is provided. The opening 334 faces the optical path of the laser beam 200 or its peripheral part. If the opening 334 is not provided and only the opening 335 (exhaust port) is provided, a flow in which gas collects from the surroundings toward the opening 335 is formed. In this case, it is difficult to control the flow path and state of the air current, and it may be difficult to introduce an appropriate amount of the material 121 to the modeling spot 110c. In this regard, in the present embodiment, since the opening 334 (air supply port) is provided corresponding to the opening 335 (exhaust port), a flow Sg from the opening 334 toward the opening 335 is formed. The path and state of the flow Sg from the opening 334 toward the opening 335 are easier to adjust than the flow gathered from the surroundings in the opening 335 without the opening 334 being provided. Therefore, it is easy to suppress the occurrence of an inconvenient event. Note that by setting the exhaust flow rate from the opening 335 to be larger than the supply air flow rate from the opening 334, it is possible to discharge gas or the like from the surroundings through the opening 335 according to the flow rate difference. is there.

  In the present embodiment, the opening 334 and the opening 335 are opposed to each other with a gap therebetween. Therefore, the gas flow Sg from the opening 334 to the opening 335 is more easily adjusted than when the opening 334 and the opening 335 are not opposed to each other. Therefore, for example, the discharge of the powder of the material 121 and the fumes and the supply of the powder of the material 121 are more easily stabilized. Note that facing (facing) means, for example, a state where one of the opening end 334a (opening 334) and the opening end 335a (opening 335) is visible from the other. It is also possible to adjust the flow rate flowing from the periphery into the opening 335 by adjusting the distance (length, angle, posture, deviation, etc.) between the opening end 334a and the opening end 335a. If the opening size of the opening 335 is made larger than that of the opening 334, there is an advantage that the material 121 can be recovered and the fumes can be removed reliably.

  In the present embodiment, the nozzle 33 is configured such that the optical path of the emitted laser light 200 is positioned between the opening 334 and the opening 335. Therefore, for example, the discharge of the powder of the material 121 and the fumes, the supply of the powder of the material 121, and the like are more easily performed. Further, when the powder of the material 121 is supplied from the opening 334 as in the present embodiment, the flow Sg is easily stabilized because the opening 334 and the opening 335 face each other. In some cases, the supply of the powder of the material 121 is more easily stabilized. Therefore, for example, it is easy to reduce variation in modeling or improve the accuracy of modeling.

  In the present embodiment, the opening 334 and the opening 335 are opposed to each other in the direction intersecting with the emission direction of the laser light 200 (the central axis direction of the light beam). Therefore, a flow Sg is generated in the intersecting direction. The direction intersecting with the emission direction of the laser beam 200 is, for example, the direction orthogonal to the emission direction, the direction along the surface of the modeling spot 110c, the in-plane direction of the XY plane, the direction in which the model is formed, the stage 12 (support Part) and the nozzle 33 relative movement direction, scan direction, and the like. Therefore, the flow Sg in the direction intersecting with the emission direction of the laser beam 200 can suppress, for example, the powder and fume of the material 121 from being widely scattered around the modeling spot 110c.

  In the present embodiment, at least one (for example, both) of the opening 334 and the opening 335 is formed in a slit shape. Therefore, since the wider flow Sg can be formed, the powder and fume of the material 121 are easily discharged more efficiently. Note that the open ends 334a and 335a are elongated in the direction in which the laser beam 200 is emitted and in the twisted position. Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the laser beam 200 is provided between the center portion of the opening end 334 a (center portion in the Y direction) and the center portion of the opening end 335 a (center portion in the Y direction). The optical path is located. The flow Sg at the open ends 334a and 335a tends to spread in the vicinity of the ends in the longitudinal direction of the open ends 334a and 335a, and tends to become straight as the distance from the end in the longitudinal direction increases. Therefore, according to this configuration (arrangement), for example, the discharge of powder and fume of the material 121 and the supply of the material 121 are more easily stabilized.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the body 330 is provided with the supply part 334, and supplies the powder of the material 121 with gas. Therefore, for example, the configuration may be simplified or downsized. Further, in the present embodiment, the body 330 has functions of both an air supply unit and an exhaust unit. That is, the air supply unit and the exhaust unit are integrally configured. Therefore, for example, the number of parts is likely to be reduced.

<Modification of First Embodiment>
The nozzle 33A of this modification has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the same result (effect) based on the same configuration and the same method (procedure) as the above-described embodiment can be obtained. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the nozzle 33 </ b> A (body 330 </ b> A) of the present modification is longer in the Y direction than the nozzle 33 of the first embodiment. Further, the laser beam 200 is scanned in the Y direction by a galvanometer mirror (not shown) and irradiated through the nozzle 33 or an fθ lens provided outside the nozzle 33. That is, in the present modification, the condensing position Pc is scanned (moved) in the Y direction. Accordingly, correspondingly, the opening 333 of the laser beam 200 is formed in a slit shape that is long in the Y direction and extends in the Z direction. In the present modification, the configuration of the opening 334 and the opening 335 is the same as that in the first embodiment except that the opening 334 and the opening 335 are long in the Y direction corresponding to the opening 333 of the laser beam 200. According to the present modification, the condensing position Pc, that is, the processing region becomes wider, so that modeling can be performed more efficiently.

Second Embodiment
The additive manufacturing apparatus 1B of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment and modification. According to the present embodiment, the same result (effect) based on the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment or modification can be obtained. However, as shown in FIG. 6, in the nozzle 33 </ b> B of the present embodiment, the opening 333 for the laser beam 200 is provided in the body 330 </ b> B, but the openings 334 and 335 used for supplying or discharging the gas are It is provided on members 337 and 338 different from the body 330B. The powder of the material 121 is supplied from a member 339 different from the body 330B and the members 337 and 338. In the present embodiment, the body 330B and the members 337, 338, 339 are integrated to form the nozzle 33B. Thus, the openings 333, 334, and 335 do not need to be formed in the same member. Further, the configuration, shape, component configuration, and the like of the nozzle 33B can be variously changed and configured. The body 330B is an example of an emission unit, the member 337 is an example of an air supply unit, the member 338 is an example of an exhaust unit, and the member 339 is an example of a material supply unit.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 </ b> B includes a supply device 31 </ b> B separately from the supply device 31 that supplies the material 121. The supply device 31B does not have the tank 31a (see FIG. 1) of the material 121, supplies the gas without supplying the material 121. In this case, it can be said that the gas supplied from the supply device 31B is not a gas for supplying the powder of the material 121 but a scavenging gas. The gas to be supplied is an inert gas similar to that of the supply device 31. The supply device 31B is connected to a member 337 (see FIG. 6) through a supply pipe 34B and the like, and the supply device 31 is connected to a member 339 (see FIG. 6) through a supply pipe 34 and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the body 330B of the nozzle 33B has an elongated shape, and the longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the body 330B is, for example, along the Z direction (vertical direction in FIG. 6). The body 330B is provided with an opening 333 as a passage through which the laser beam 200 passes. The shape of the opening 333 is the same as that in the first embodiment.

  The member 339 is configured in a pipe shape, and an opening 340 is provided inside the cylindrical tube. From the opening end 340a of the opening 340, the powder of the material 121 is supplied in a gas toward the optical path (condensing position Pc) of the laser light 200. In other words, the opening direction of the opening 340 (the opening direction, the longitudinal direction of the member 339) faces the condensing position Pc. A plurality of members 339 are provided around the body 330B. From the plurality of members 339, powder of the same material 121 may be supplied, or powder of different materials 121 may be supplied. Thus, by providing the member 339 (material supply unit) that supplies the material 121 separately from the member 337 (air supply unit) that supplies the gas, for example, the respective functions may be improved.

  Although the provided members are different, the shapes of the openings 334 and 335 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment except for the vicinity of the opening end. However, in the present embodiment, the openings 334 and 335 are not opened toward the optical path of the laser beam 200, but are opened toward a position away from the optical path, that is, toward the periphery of the optical path of the laser beam 200. ing. That is, the openings 334 and 335 are not opened at the center in the width direction of the members 337 and 338 facing the space S1 where the optical path of the laser beam 100 is formed, but are closed. The openings 334 and 335 are opened at both ends in the width direction of the members 337 and 338 facing the space S2 (peripheral portion) adjacent to both sides of the space S1 (both sides in the width direction). In other words, the space S2, which is the periphery of the optical path of the laser beam 200, is located between the opening end 334a (opening 334) and the opening end 335a (opening 335).

  The nozzle 33B of the present embodiment is provided with two pairs of an opening end 334a (opening 334) and an opening end 335a (opening 335) facing each other. The two pairs are located on both sides of the optical path of the laser beam 200. Further, the opening end 334a and the opening end 335a are opposed to each other in a position deviating from the optical path of the laser light 200 and in the direction of emission of the laser light 200 and the position of twist. That is, one pair is opposed to each other in one direction (depth side in FIG. 6) on the side of the optical path of the laser beam 200 in the emission direction and the twisting direction, and the other pair is the laser beam. On the other side (front side in FIG. 6) of the side of the optical path 200, they face each other in the emission direction and the twisting direction. In each pair, the opening directions of the opening ends 334a and 335a are substantially the same. In addition, wall portions 337a and 338a that at least partially cover the space S1 are provided in portions of the members 337 and 338 facing the space S1. The walls 337a and 338a are bent, for example, in a cylindrical shape so as to surround the optical path (condensing position Pc) of the laser beam 200. The walls 337 a and 338 a prevent the openings 334 and 335 from directly facing the optical path of the laser beam 200.

  In such a configuration, a gas flow Sg from the opening 334 (air supply port) to the opening 335 (exhaust port) is formed in each of the two spaces S2 adjacent to both sides of the space S1. Therefore, the diffusion of the powder and fume of the material 121 can be suppressed by these flows Sg. At the same time, surplus powder and fumes can be sucked up from the opening 335 and exhausted. Further, the optical path (condensing position Pc) of the laser light 200 is positioned between two pairs (two spaces S2) of the opening ends 334a and 335a (openings 334 and 335) facing each other. Therefore, for example, the flow Sg between the open ends 334a and 335a serves as a shield by airflow against the powder and fume of the material 121. That is, the powder or fume of the material 121 present in the space S1 is unlikely to flow out to the opposite side of the flow Sg with respect to the optical path (space S1) of the laser light 200. Further, the open ends 334a and 335a face the space S2, and do not face the optical path (space S1) of the laser beam 200 directly. Therefore, the gas flow and turbulence in the space S1 are easily reduced, and for example, the supply of the powder of the material 121 from the opening 340 of the member 339 can be more stably or accurately performed.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the structure which can suppress that a flow is disturb | confused by space S1 in which the optical path of the laser beam 200 is located by wall part 337a, 338a can be obtained as a comparatively simple structure. In the present embodiment, the opening area of the opening 335 (opening end 335a) is the opening area of the opening 334 (opening end 334a) in consideration of the flow rate of the gas supplied from the opening 340 of the member 339. It may be configured larger.

<Third Embodiment>
The nozzle 33 </ b> C of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment or modification. According to the present embodiment, the same result (effect) based on the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment or modification can be obtained. However, as shown in FIG. 7, the body 330C of the present embodiment is provided with an opening 333 for the laser light 200, and the openings 334 and 335 used for supplying or discharging the gas to the space S1 are formed in the body 330C. It is provided on members 337C, 338C, 341C, and 342C different from 330C. The members 337C and 341C (air supply unit) are provided with an opening 334 (air supply port), and the members 338C and 342C (exhaust unit) are provided with an opening 335 (exhaust port). In the present embodiment, the body 330C and the members 337C, 338C, 341C, 342C are integrated to form the nozzle 33C. The body 330C is an example of an emission part, the members 337C and 341C are examples of an air supply part, and the members 338C and 342C are examples of an exhaust part. Each member 337C, 338C, 341C, 342C extends substantially along the Z direction (upward in FIG. 7) in the upper direction, and gradually toward the direction orthogonal to the Z direction as it goes downward (opposite to the Z direction). Bent to the laser beam 200 side. The shapes of the openings 334 and 335 are the same as those of the above-described embodiment and modification except that the openings 334 and 335 have a substantially circular cross section instead of a slit shape.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the opening 334 of the member 337C and the opening 335 of the member 338C are disposed on both sides of the space S1 through which the laser beam 200 passes and face each other. In other words, the member 337C and the member 338C constitute one pair in which the openings 334 and 335 are arranged to face each other. In addition, the opening 334 of the member 341C and the opening 335 of the member 342C are disposed on both sides of the laser beam 200 and face each other. In other words, the member 341C and the member 342C constitute another pair in which the openings 334 and 335 are arranged to face each other. Openings 334 and 335 of the members 337C, 338C, 341C, and 342C face the optical path of the laser beam 200 from different directions. In such a configuration, the member 337C and the member 338C can be used when the first material 121 is supplied, and the member 341C and the member 342C can be used when the second material 121 is supplied. In this case, the material used for modeling can be easily changed. Further, the first material 121 and the second material 121 can be mixed and shaped. Further, for example, by separating the tank 31a of the discharge device 32 for each material, mixing of different materials 121 can be suppressed.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment and the modification of this invention were illustrated, the said embodiment and modification are an example to the last, Comprising: It is not intending limiting the range of invention. These embodiments and modifications can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, combinations, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof. The present invention can also be realized by means other than the configurations and controls (technical features) disclosed in the above embodiments and modifications. Further, according to the present invention, at least one of various results (including effects and derivative effects) obtained by technical features can be obtained.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1B ... Laminate modeling apparatus, 13 ... Moving apparatus (moving mechanism), 33, 33A, 33B, 33C ... Nozzle, 41 ... Light source, 100 ... Modeling object, 200 ... Laser beam (light path, energy beam), 330, 330A ... Body (outgoing part, air supply part, exhaust part), 330B, 330C ... Body (outgoing part), 334 ... Opening part (air supply port), 334a ... Open end (air supply port), 335 ... Opening part (exhaust part) Port), 335a ... open end (exhaust port), 337, 337C, 341C ... member (air supply part), 338, 338C, 342C ... member (exhaust part), 337a, 338a ... wall part, 339 ... member (material supply) Part).

Claims (13)

An emission part from which energy rays are emitted;
A material supply unit provided with a material supply port for injecting powder of the material;
An exhaust section provided with an exhaust port through which the material is discharged;
With
The material supply port and the exhaust port are arranged at an interval so that the powder of the material can flow .
The nozzle for the additive manufacturing apparatus, wherein the emission part is provided so as to be able to emit the energy beam so as to intersect with at least a part of a flow of the powder of the material from the material supply port toward the exhaust port . The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust unit is configured by a member separate from the material supply unit. The exhaust port is provided in the material supply port machining point side than, Bruno nozzle according to claim 1 or 2. An emission part from which energy rays are emitted;
An air supply unit provided with an air supply port for supplying gas;
An exhaust section provided with an exhaust port through which gas is exhausted;
A material supply unit that supplies powder of material toward a gas flow from the air supply port toward the exhaust port;
Equipped with a,
The previous SL air inlet and the air outlet is spaced apart,
The emission part is a nozzle for an additive manufacturing apparatus provided so as to be able to emit the energy ray toward a flow including powder of the material toward the exhaust port . The exhaust port is provided on the working point side of the air inlet, Bruno nozzle according to claim 4. The nozzle according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein a plurality of pairs in which the air supply port and the exhaust port are opposed to each other with a space therebetween are provided. The nozzle according to any one of claims 4 to 6 , wherein at least one of the air supply port and the exhaust port is formed in a slit shape. Both the air supply port and the exhaust port are formed in a slit shape,
The nozzle according to claim 7 , wherein an optical path of energy rays emitted from the emission part is located between a central part of the air supply port and a central part of the exhaust port. The nozzle according to any one of claims 4 to 8 , further comprising a material supply unit that supplies powder of the material separately from the air supply unit. At least one of the air supply unit and the exhaust unit, having a wall portion for covering said energy beam along the optical path of the emitted energy beam from said emitting portion, any one of claims 4-9 Nozzle described in. The nozzle according to claim 4 , wherein the nozzle is configured at a position where the direction of the optical path of the energy beam emitted from the emission part and the direction in which the air supply port and the exhaust port face each other are orthogonal to each other. The nozzle according to claim 6 , wherein powders of different materials are supplied to the plurality of pairs in which the air supply port and the exhaust port face each other with a space therebetween. A light source that generates energy rays;
And Bruno nozzle according to any one of claims 4 to 12,
A supply for supplying powder of material to the nozzle;
A moving mechanism for relatively moving the molded object and the nozzle;
An additive manufacturing apparatus.

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