JP6086684B2 - General purpose combine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a general-purpose combine capable of harvesting multiple types of crops.

  There is known a general-purpose combine that performs threshing and sorting by putting all the cut stems into a threshing portion (for example, see Patent Document 1). This kind of general-purpose combine has many types of crops that can be harvested compared to self-decomposing combine, and is used for harvesting, for example, soybean, buckwheat, wheat, rice, and the like.

  The general-purpose combiner is provided with one or a plurality of crop-specific adjustment elements that are adjusted for each crop to be harvested in order to support a plurality of types of crops. For example, crops include rotation speed settings for barrels and tangs, whether automatic control is used / not used, automatic control condition settings, receiving nets with different meshes, and bottom plates with different holes. Included in another adjustment factor.

Japanese Patent No. 2726358

  The general-purpose combine of Patent Document 1 includes a crop changeover switch for setting a crop to be harvested according to a driver's operation, and automatic sorting control (chaff sheave fin opening according to the amount of the selected product) according to the setting operation of the crop changeover switch However, in Patent Document 1, since automatic selection control is activated for all crops, the opening and closing of fins is performed when harvesting vulnerable crops such as soybeans. There was a risk that crops were more likely to be damaged by the increase in the second reduction.

The present invention was created for the purpose of solving these problems in view of the above circumstances, and is a general-purpose combine capable of harvesting a plurality of types of crops. A selected quantity detecting means for detecting the quantity of the selected substance, an automatic sorting control means for automatically changing the fin opening of the chaff sheave according to the detected quantity of the selected substance, and the crop to be harvested is a specific crop and crop discrimination means for discriminating whether or not, with crop harvesting comprises a sorting automatic control switching means for operating said selecting automatic control unit only if a particular crop, the crop determination means, actual handling based on the detection signal of the rotation changeover detection switch of the threshing drum regardless of cylinder speed universal combine, wherein the crop to harvest is to determine whether a particular crop A.

According to the invention of claim 1, it is determined whether or not the crop to be harvested is a specific crop, and the automatic selection control means is operated only when the crop to be harvested is a specific crop. When harvesting vulnerable crops, the operation of the automatic sorting control means is regulated to prevent crop damage due to the opening and closing of fins and the increase of the second reduction, while harvesting crops that are not easily damaged such as rice and wheat. In this case, the sorting automatic control means can be operated to perform sorting with high accuracy.
In addition, since it is determined whether or not the crop to be harvested is a specific crop based on the detection signal of the rotation switching detection switch of the barrel that detects the rotation speed setting of the barrel regardless of the actual barrel rotation speed. Even in a general-purpose combiner that does not include a crop changeover switch that sets a crop to be harvested according to the operation of the driver, a specific crop can be accurately determined. In other words, crops that are easily damaged by the automatic sorting control means are normally threshed while the rotation speed of the handling cylinder is suppressed. It becomes possible to operate the sorting automatic control means.

It is a side view of a general purpose combine. It is a top view of a general purpose combine. It is a figure which shows the structure of a cutting height sensor, (A) is a principal part top view of a cutting part, (B) is a principal part side view of a cutting part. It is a side view which shows the internal structure of a threshing part. It is a sectional side view of a rocking sorter. It is a side view of a rocking sorter. It is a transmission diagram which shows the transmission structure of a general purpose combine. It is a figure which shows a barrel driving case, (A) is a plane sectional view of a barrel driving case, (B) is a sectional side view of a barrel driving case. It is a top view of an operation part. It is a top view of a switch panel. It is a comparison table | surface which shows the combination pattern of the adjustment element according to crops. It is a figure which shows the most horizontal spiral bottom plate which is one of the adjustment elements according to crops, (A) is a perspective view which shows the most horizontal spiral bottom plate with a hole, and (B) is the most horizontal spiral bottom plate without a hole. It is a perspective view shown. It is a block diagram which shows the input / output of a control part. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence of a selection automatic control switching process. It is a graph which shows the effect | action of a selection automatic control switching process.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, 1 is a general purpose combine, Comprising: The general purpose combine 1 is the cutting part 2 which cuts off the stem pod, and the threshing part 3 which threshs and sorts the grain from the stem cocoon thrown into the whole basket. , A grain tank 4 for storing the selected grain, a discharge auger 5 for discharging the grain in the grain tank 4 to the outside of the machine, a post-processing unit 6 for post-processing the threshed waste, and operation A driving unit 7 on which a person gets on and a crawler type traveling unit 8 are provided.

  The cutting unit 2 includes a header 9 that is connected to the front end of the machine body so as to be able to move up and down, a divider 10 that weeds uncut stems at the front end of the header 9, a cutting blade 11 that cuts off uncut stems, A reel 12 for scooping the cut stem and the cut stem, an auger 13 for collecting the scraped stem to a predetermined position in the width direction, and transporting the stem to the threshing unit 3 by the auger 13 And the feeder 14 which throws all the straw into the threshing part 3 is comprised.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a cutting height sensor 15 is provided at the bottom of the cutting unit 2 to detect the cutting height of the stalks by the cutting unit 2. The cutting height sensor 15 of the present embodiment includes a pair of left and right grounding type detection bodies 16 that rotate up and down according to the cutting height, and a potentiometer 17 that detects the rotation angle of each grounding type detection body 16. The detected value is used in automatic cutting height control for automatically controlling the cutting height of the cutting unit 2. The automatic cutting height control in the general-purpose combine 1 is usually effective when harvesting beans and is not used when harvesting rice or wheat.

  That is, when cutting the beans, if the cutting unit 2 thrusts into the ground, mud is cut together to cause dirt, so automatic cutting height control is used to avoid this. And since the field of beans has cocoons, a wide grounding type detector 16 is used.

  On the other hand, it is possible to use automatic cutting height control even when harvesting rice or wheat, but because the ground contact detector 16 is wide, it is difficult to detect cutting height with high accuracy in contact with the remaining crop. For some reason, the automatic cutting height control is rarely used for harvesting rice and wheat. Therefore, the use / non-use of the automatic cutting height control can be used as a crop discrimination element.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the threshing unit 3 includes a handling chamber 18 into which all the cutting stalks are put, and a sorting chamber 19 that is disposed below the handling chamber 18 and receives the grains leaked from the handling chamber 18. The grain selected in the sorting room 19 is transferred to the grain tank 4 through the first cerealing device 20.

  The handling chamber 18 is disposed along the lower side of the handling barrel 22 by hooking and rotating the stems with the handle 21 protruding from the outer periphery, and the grains that have been shattered by rubbing with the stems are crushed. A receiving network 23 to be leaked and a dust discharge port 24 for discharging the waste reaching the terminal end of the handling chamber 18 without leaking from the receiving network 23 are provided.

  The sorting chamber 19 collects the first thing, the swing sorter 25 that swings and sorts the grains that have leaked from the receiving net 23, the red pepper 26 that raises the sorting wind in front of the swing sorter 25, and the like. The first horizontal spiral 27 and the second horizontal spiral 28 for recovering the second thing are provided. The first thing recovered by the first horizontal spiral 27 is the grain tank via the first cerealing device 20. The second product that has been transferred to 4 and collected by the second horizontal spiral 28 is returned to the inside of the handling chamber 18 or the swinging sorter 25 via the second cerealing device 29.

  The swing sorter 25 includes a grain pan 30 that sequentially conveys the grains that have leaked from the receiving net 23, a chaff sheave 31 that sifts and sorts the grains behind the grain pan 30, and a grain that has leaked from the chaff sheave 31. Further, it is a swing assembly provided with a grain sieve 32 for screening and is reciprocally swung continuously at a predetermined cycle by a swing mechanism (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the chaff sheave 31 includes a plurality of fins 31 a arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction. Each fin 31a is inclined in a front-rear and a rear-high state, and the sorted matter is caused to leak from the gaps between the fins 31a while the sorted matter is transferred rearward as the swinging sorter 25 swings. The sort that has leaked here is collected as the first item via the Glen sieve 32, and the sort that has not leaked is collected as the second item. Each fin 31a is configured to be able to rotate back and forth with the upper end side as a fulcrum, and is connected to a fin drive motor 34 via a cam mechanism 33, and each fin 31a is driven by the fin drive motor 34. The gap (fin opening) between the fins 31a in the chaff sheave 31 can be changed based on the angle change of 31a. Then, by performing automatic sorting control for automatically increasing / decreasing the fin opening according to the amount of the sorted matter (detected value of the sorted matter amount detecting means), the amount of the sorted matter leaked from the chaff sheave 31 and the second reduced sort. The balance of the quantity is made appropriate, and it becomes possible to perform a highly accurate sorting process.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the general-purpose combiner 1 includes an engine 35 that generates traveling power and work power. The power of the engine 35 is the cutting unit 2, the threshing unit 3, the discharge auger 5, and the post-processing unit 6. And it is transmitted to the traveling unit 8.

  A handling cylinder drive case 36 is interposed in the power transmission path from the engine 35 to the handling cylinder 22 of the threshing unit 3, and the handling cylinder according to the switching operation of the handling cylinder shift lever 37 in the handling cylinder drive case 36. The rotational speed of 22 can be switched between two stages of high speed / low speed. Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 8, the cylinder drive case 36 includes an input pulley 38 for inputting engine power, a bevel gear 39 for changing the direction of the power, and a transmission gear that shifts in accordance with the operation of the cylinder transmission lever 37. 40, a high speed gear 41 and a low speed gear 42 with which the transmission gear 40 selectively meshes, and an output pulley 43 that outputs the shifted power to the handling cylinder 22. Although illustration is omitted, a transmission means equivalent to the barrel drive case 36 is also provided in the power transmission path from the engine 35 to the tang 26 of the threshing portion 3, and according to the switching operation, The rotational speed can be switched between two stages of high speed / medium speed.

  A power transmission path from the engine 35 to the reel 12 of the cutting unit 2 is provided with a reel speed change mechanism 44 composed of a belt type continuously variable transmission mechanism. The rotation speed is adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the driver 7 has a driver's seat 45 on which the driver is seated, a multi-lever 46 and a meter panel 47 arranged in front of the driver's seat 45, and a main seat arranged on the left side of the driver's seat 45. A transmission lever 48, an auxiliary transmission lever 49, a switch panel 50, and the like are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the switch panel 50 includes a crop changeover switch 50a for setting the type of crop to be harvested (rice, wheat, soybean, etc.), a selection volume 50b for adjusting the fin opening of the chaff sheave 31, and the reel 12 A reel rotation volume 50c for adjusting the rotation speed is provided. The switch panel 50 of this embodiment is further provided with a turning switching volume 50d, a horizontal switching switch 50e, a display switching switch 50f, a lift shut switch 50g, a threshing / reaping clutch switch 50h, a threshing / reaping indicator 50i, and the like. However, since these operation tools and indicators are not related to the present invention, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The general-purpose combine 1 includes a plurality of crop adjustment elements that are adjusted for each crop to be harvested in order to support a plurality of types of crops. For example, in the general-purpose combine 1 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the rotation speed adjustment of the barrel 22 and the tang 26, the replacement of the receiving mesh 23 with different meshes, and the bottom plates with different holes ( Replacement of feeder house bottom plate 51, first horizontal spiral bottom plate 52, first cerealing device bottom plate 53, second cerealing device bottom plate 54, second horizontal helix bottom plate 55), use / non-use of automatic cutting height control, etc. Included in crop-specific adjustment factors. A plurality of parts (receiving nets, bottom plates, etc.) that need to be replaced for each crop are prepared in advance as a crop kit by a manufacturer or the like, and are provided to the user as needed.

  When harvesting rice and wheat, the rotation speed of the handling cylinder 22 and the tang 26 is high, the receiving net 23 is for rice and wheat, and the bottom plates (feeder house bottom plate 51, most horizontal spiral bottom plate 52, most deeply lifted). Harvesting is performed with the cereal device bottom plate 53, the second cerealing device bottom plate 54, and the second horizontal spiral bottom plate 55) having no holes and no automatic cutting height control.

  When harvesting soybeans, the rotation speed of the barrel 22 is low, the rotation speed of the tang 26 is the inside, the receiving net 23 is for soybeans, bottom plates (feeder house bottom plate 51, most horizontal spiral bottom plate 52, Harvesting is performed by using a boring device bottom plate 53, a second whipping device bottom plate 54, and a second horizontal spiral bottom plate 55) with holes and using automatic cutting height control. Note that the crop-specific adjustment elements and the types of crops are not limited to those described above, and appropriate combination patterns can be set in combination for various crops and crop-specific adjustment elements.

  Traditionally, when harvesting different crops, a general-purpose combine that requires manual adjustment of multiple crop-specific adjustment factors can result in harvest loss or clogging due to incorrect adjustments or forgetting adjustments. . In particular, if the automatic selection control (control of the opening of the chaff sheave 31 according to the amount of selection) is mistakenly used / not used, when harvesting crops that are easily damaged like soybeans, the opening and closing of the fin 31a and the second reduction There was a risk that crops could be easily damaged by the increase.

  Therefore, the general combine 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an automatic sorting control unit that automatically changes the fin opening of the chaff sheave 31 in accordance with the detected quantity of the selected product. A crop discriminating means for discriminating whether or not the crop is selected and an automatic sorting control switching means for operating the sorting automatic control means only when the crop to be harvested is a specific crop. In this way, when harvesting vulnerable crops such as soybeans, the operation of the sorting automatic control means is restricted to prevent crop damage due to the opening and closing of the fins 31a and the increase of the second reduction, When harvesting crops that are not easily damaged, such as wheat, the sorting automatic control means can be operated to perform sorting with high accuracy.

  The specific crop may be determined based on the operation state of the crop changeover switch 50a, but is preferably determined based on the rotation speed setting of the handling cylinder 22. In this way, even in the general-purpose combine 1 that does not include the crop changeover switch 50a, it is possible to accurately determine a specific crop. That is, a crop that is easily damaged by the automatic sorting control means is normally threshed while the rotation speed of the handling cylinder 22 is suppressed. Therefore, when the rotation speed of the handling cylinder 22 is high, the crop is a specific crop. This makes it possible to operate the sorting automatic control means. Hereinafter, the crop discriminating means and the sorting automatic control switching means will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the general-purpose combine 1 is provided with a control unit 56 composed of a microcomputer or the like. On the input side of the control unit 56, the crop changeover switch 50a described above, a handling cylinder rotation switching detection switch 57 (adjustment state detecting means) for detecting the rotation switching state of the handling cylinder 22, and the rotation switching state of the carp 26 are detected. Rotating rotation detection switch 58 (adjustment state detection means), a plurality of crop kit detection switches 59 for detecting the type of the receiving net 23 and the bottom plates 51 to 55, and the cutting height sensor 15 (adjustment state detection means) described above. And a vehicle speed sensor 60 (sorted matter amount detecting means) for detecting the vehicle speed and a layer thickness sensor 61 (sorted matter amount detecting means) for detecting the layer thickness of the sorted matter in the swinging sorter 25 are connected to each other. On the output side of 56, a horn 62 and a monitor 63 that can be used as alarm means, the fin drive motor 34 described above, and a reel rotation adjustment motor 64 that adjusts the rotation of the reel 12 are provided. An engine rotational adjustment motor 65 for adjusting the rotation of the engine 35 is connected. The crop kit detection switch 59 of the present embodiment is a contact type switch that detects the type of the receiving net 23 and the bottom plates 51 to 55 based on the presence or absence of the notch K as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a magnetic sensor may be used.

  The control unit 56 of the present embodiment includes a sorting automatic control switching process as software (program and stored data) that realizes the above-described crop discrimination means and sorting automatic control switching means in cooperation with hardware. The processing procedure will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 14, in the sorting automatic control switching process, first, the detection signal of the barrel rotation switching detection switch 57 is read (S11), and the crop to be harvested based on the detection signal is a specific crop (a rice that is not easily damaged). It is judged whether it is (Yow or wheat) (S12). If this determination result is YES, sorting automatic control is executed (S13: sorting automatic control means), and if the determination result is NO, returning to the upper routine without executing sorting automatic control.

  According to such a selection automatic control switching process, as shown in FIG. 15, when harvesting a vulnerable crop such as soybean, the operation of the selection automatic control is regulated (for example, the fin opening is fully opened). While preventing the crop damage due to the opening and closing of the fin 31a and the increase of the second reduction, when harvesting crops that are difficult to damage, such as rice and wheat, automatic sorting control can be operated to perform accurate sorting it can. In the present embodiment, the fin opening of the chaff sheave 31 can be finely adjusted by operating the sorting volume 50b regardless of the operation state of the sorting automatic control.

  A general-purpose combine 1 capable of harvesting a plurality of types of crops, configured as described above, a chaff sheave 31 for sieving and sorting a sort, a sort quantity detecting means for detecting the quantity of the sort, and a sort that has been detected In order to provide automatic sorting control means for automatically changing the fin opening of the chaff sheave 31 according to the amount of the product, it is determined whether or not the crop to be harvested is a specific crop, and the crop to be harvested is a specific crop Since the sorting automatic control means is operated only in the case of the above, when harvesting crops that are easily damaged like soybean, the action of the sorting automatic control means is regulated to increase or decrease the number of fins 31a or increase the second reduction. On the other hand, when harvesting crops that are not easily damaged such as rice and wheat, the sorting automatic control means can be operated to perform sorting with high accuracy.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since it is determined whether or not the crop to be harvested is a specific crop based on the rotation speed setting of the handling cylinder 22, crop switching for setting the crop to be harvested according to the operation of the driver. Even in a general-purpose combine that does not include the switch 50a, it is possible to accurately determine a specific crop. That is, a crop that is easily damaged by the automatic sorting control means is normally threshed while the rotation speed of the handling cylinder 22 is suppressed. Therefore, when the rotation speed of the handling cylinder 22 is high, the crop is a specific crop. This makes it possible to operate the sorting automatic control means.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 General purpose combine 3 Threshing part 18 Handling room 19 Sorting room 22 Handling cylinder 25 Swing sorter 31 Chaff sheave 31a Fin 34 Fin drive motor 36 Handling cylinder drive case 37 Handling cylinder shift lever 50a Crop change switch 56 Control part 57 Handling cylinder rotation Changeover detection switch 60 Vehicle speed sensor 61 Layer thickness sensor

Claims (1)

A general combine that can harvest multiple types of crops,
A chaff sheave that sifts through the selection,
Sorted substance amount detecting means for detecting the quantity of the sorted article,
Sorting automatic control means for automatically changing the fin opening of the chaff sheave according to the detected amount of the sorting,
Crop discriminating means for discriminating whether or not the crop to be harvested is a specific crop;
A sorting automatic control switching means for operating the sorting automatic control means only when the crop to be harvested is a specific crop, and
The crop discriminating means discriminates whether or not a crop to be harvested is a specific crop based on a detection signal of a rotation switching detection switch of the barrel , regardless of the actual barrel rotation speed. General purpose combine.

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