JP6014652B2 - D−乳酸産生が欠損し、保存期間が改善した、ラクトバチルスジョンソニー(Lactobacillusjohnsonii)CNCMI−1225株の天然変異体 - Google Patents
D−乳酸産生が欠損し、保存期間が改善した、ラクトバチルスジョンソニー(Lactobacillusjohnsonii)CNCMI−1225株の天然変異体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
結果として、本発明の目的は、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−1225株の変異体であって、CODEX Infant Formula Directiveによる現行の規約を尊重しながら、乳幼児を意図する製品にもまた適用可能であり、改善された保存安定性を示し、天然であってGMOとは考えられない変異体を当技術分野にもたらすことであった。
(1)生物外の何らかの手段を介して生成される核酸分子の、任意のウイルス、細菌プラスミド、若しくは他のベクター系への挿入、及びそれら核酸分子の、それらが天然では生じないが持続的な増殖が可能な宿主生物への組込みによる、遺伝物質の新たな組合せの形成を伴う組換え核酸法;
(2)マイクロインジェクション、マクロインジェクション、及びマイクロカプセル化を含めた、生物外で調製される遺伝物質の、生物への直接的な導入を伴う技法;又は
(3)遺伝性の遺伝物質を新たに組み合わせた生細胞が、2つ以上の細胞の融合を介して、天然では生じない方法により形成される細胞融合(プロトプラスト融合を含めた)法、若しくはハイブリダイゼーション法。
有利な事に、変化は安定であるということも判明した。
例えば、腸毒性細菌種又は腸毒性ウイルス種による細胞接着及び細胞浸潤と連関する障害は、下気道感染症、消化管感染症、中耳炎、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択することができる。
例えば、組成物は、1日の用量当たり106〜1012CFU、例えば、108〜1010CFUの量の、本発明によるラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−1225株の天然変異体を含みうる。
ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−1225の16時間培養物を約108コロニー形成単位含有する100μlの試料を、ダルベッコリン酸緩衝生理食塩水で3回洗浄した。細胞を1mlのPBS中に最終的に懸濁させ、0又は10μlのメタンスルホン酸エチルを添加し、振とうせずに37℃でンキュベートした。処理された細胞をPBS中で2回洗浄し、処理された培養物及び処理されていない培養物のCFUを決定し、生存細胞としてプロットして、図1に示される「生存曲線」を得た。まず、1%の生存細胞を生じる条件を標的とし、前後の時点と共に一括し、細胞を希釈し、計数のためにMRSプレート上に単一のコロニーとして播種した。次いで、残りの処理された細胞を用いて、10mlのMRS培養液に接種し、37℃で16時間にわたる増殖のためにインキュベートした。次いで、培養物を希釈し、MRSプレート上に塗布し、スクリーニングするための個別のコロニーを生じさせた。
メタンスルホン酸エチル処理した個別のコロニーを、200μlのMRS培養液を含有する96ウェルプレートへと採取し、37℃で24時間にわたりインキュベートして、ミニ培養物を形成した。培養物の増殖は、テカンサンライズ(Tecan Sunrise)マイクロプレートリーダーを用いて、620nmにおける吸光度により推定した。10μlの培養上清を、100mMのトリスHCl pH9、2.5mMのEDTA pH8.0、20U/mlのD−乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(リゥコノストックメゼントロイデス(Leuconostoc mesenteroides)に由来する)、1mg/mlのNAD(β−ニコチン酸アミドアデニンジヌクレオチド)に加えて、3%の水酸化ヒドラジニウムを含有する反応混合物190μlと混合し、室温で1時間インキュベートした。次いで、テカンサンライズマイクロプレートリーダーを用いて、320nmにおける吸光度(β−NADHの形成)を測定し、データをエクセル(Excel)へとエクスポートし解析した。各プレートには、データを標準化するための基準として、MRS単独、及び5%、25%、50%、又は100%の濃度のラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−1225培養上清を含有する対照を含めた。
培養物は、MRS培養液中、37℃で16時間にわたり増殖させ、細菌を、遠心分離により取り除いた。D−乳酸の濃度を決定するため、無細胞の培養上清を水で希釈し、上記の通りに解析し、D−乳酸ナトリウムの希釈液により作成された検量線と比較した。L−乳酸の濃度も、酵素のD−乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼをウサギ筋肉のL−乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼと交換し、L−乳酸ナトリウムを基準物質として用いることにより同様に決定した。CNCM I−4437についてのこの解析の結果は、表1に示され、対照であるラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−1225、GMOにより不活化されたD−乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ遺伝子を伴うラクトバチルスジョンソニーNCC9006、並びにいずれもL−乳酸産生株であると考えられる、ラクトバチルスパラカゼイ(Lactobacillus paracasei)NCC2461及びラクトバチルスラムノーサス(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)NCC4007を包含する。
D−乳酸を欠損させた表現型の一因である、D−乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ遺伝子における変化を同定するために、DNA配列解析のための領域をPCR増幅した。領域は、プライマーP1:TCAGCACATAACCAGCAGCT(配列番号3)に加えて、P2:GCAATAATACTGTCGCCGGT(配列番号4)を用いて、1μlの細菌培養物から増幅した。単位複製配列は、プライマーP1、P3:GTGTATAATAAAAGACGGTC(配列番号5)に加えて、P2により精製及び配列決定し、編集し、DNASTARシリーズのプログラムにより解析した。結果を図3に示す。図3に見られる通り、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437株は、図3及び図4Aの塩基対270におけるGからAへの変化を含有し、D−乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ酵素の配列の保存的なシグネチャードメインの外に位置する、77位におけるアルギニンからヒスチジンへのアミノ酸変化(R77H)を結果としてもたらす(図4B)。遺伝子配列決定のデータは、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437におけるD−乳酸産生が欠損した表現型が、D−乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼの遺伝子配列及び酵素配列における対応する変化に付随して起こることを示している。
培養物のコレクションから最終的な生成物までの世代数の大きさを踏まえると、D−乳酸が欠損した表現型が安定であり、D−乳酸産生への可逆化が極めてまれであることが重要である。これについて調査するため、本発明者らは、MRS培養液中でラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437を合計100世代にわたり培養し、次いで、300の個別のコロニーを、D−乳酸産生について調べた。結果として、被験コロニーは、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437株について決定されたD−乳酸レベルを上回るD−乳酸レベルを示さなかった。この解析はまた、噴霧乾燥粉末及びLc1飲料製品のパイロットスケールの生産の後でも実施し、同じ結果を得た。
製品保存時におけるプロバイオティクス細菌の生存は、45日間にわたる保存後に期待される107コロニー形成単位を確保するための重要な因子である。生存率が低下する理由は完全に理解されているわけではないが、酸素の関与についての何らかの証拠が存在すると考えられている。ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437が、シミュレートされた保存条件下で、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−1225と少なくとも同様に生存するかどうかについて検査するため、新鮮なLc1飲料製品を採取し、10分間にわたり85℃まで加熱することにより生菌を消滅させた。次いで、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−1225又はラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437のいずれかを、無菌製品へと接種し、ボトルを密封し、8℃又は15℃のいずれかで45日間にわたる標準的な検査条件下で保存した。3回の独立した試験の結果を以下に示す。驚くべきことに、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437は、いずれの温度でも、3回の試験のいずれにおいても、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−1225より常に良好な生存を示し、改善はlog0.42〜log2超の範囲であった。
Claims (9)
- Collection Nationale de Cultures de Microorgnismes(CNCM、Institut Pasteur)に寄託された、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437株。
- Collection Nationale de Cultures de Microorgnismes(CNCM、Institut Pasteur)に寄託された、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437株を含む組成物。
- 食品組成物、ペットフード組成物、飲料、乳製品、栄養調合物、食品添加物、栄養補助食品、医薬組成物、食品成分、及び化粧組成物からなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 酸乳製品及びミルクベースの粉末からなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 1日の用量当たり106〜1012CFUの量の、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437株を含む、請求項2〜4のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 脆弱化した免疫系と連関する障害の治療又は予防のための組成物であって、Collection Nationale de Cultures de Microorgnismes(CNCM、Institut Pasteur)に寄託された、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437株を含む組成物。
- 脆弱化した免疫系と連関する障害が、インフルエンザ、鼻炎、風邪、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 腸毒性細菌又は腸毒性ウイルスによる細胞接着及び細胞浸潤と連関する障害の治療又は予防のための組成物であって、Collection Nationale de Cultures de Microorgnismes(CNCM、Institut Pasteur)に寄託された、ラクトバチルスジョンソニーCNCM I−4437株を含む組成物。
- 腸毒性細菌又は腸毒性ウイルスが、サルモネラ属;カンピロバクター属;リステリア属;ETEC株、EHEC株、EPEC株、及びEIEC株;エルシニア属;赤痢菌属;黄色ブドウ球菌、ボツリヌス菌、及びセレウス菌;ビブリオバルニフィカス/腸炎ビブリオ;ロタウイルス;ノロウイルス;ベロ毒素産生性大腸菌;エンテロバクターサカザキ;毒素産生性ウェルシュ菌(A型及びB型);トキソプラズマ属、及びジアルジア属;クロストリジウムディフィシル;並びに、これらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載の組成物。
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US9309492B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 |
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