JP6005205B2 - 多発性骨髄腫を処置するための抗csi抗体を用いる組成物および方法 - Google Patents
多発性骨髄腫を処置するための抗csi抗体を用いる組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2006年8月7日出願の米国出願第60/836,250号および2006年11月11日出願の米国出願第60/856,144号に対して米国特許法第119条(e)項の下での利益を主張する。これらの内容は、本明細書中に参考として援用される。
多発性骨髄腫(「MM:multiple myeloma」)は単一クローン由来形質細胞が悪性増殖したものを表す。多発性骨髄腫及び骨髄腫という用語は交換可能に使用され、同じ状態を指している。骨髄腫腫瘍、その産物及びこの腫瘍に対する宿主応答は、多くの臓器機能不全並びに骨痛もしくは骨折、腎不全、易感染性、貧血、低カルシウム血症及び時に凝固異常の症状、神経学的症状及び血管の過粘性症状をもたらす。非特許文献1を参照されたい。現在、MMに対して有効な長期処置はない。これは、高蛋白血症、貧血、腎機能不全、骨病変及び免疫不全として表れる形質細胞の悪性疾患である。MMは、早期段階では症状が認められない場合があるので、早期診断が困難である。この疾患は、処置がなされない場合、生存期間中央値が6ヶ月の進行性の経過を示す。全身性化学療法が主要な処置であり、化学療法による現段階の生存期間中央値は約3年ではあるが、10年より長期の生存者は5%未満である(非特許文献2参照)。
本明細書では、抗CS1抗体の抗腫瘍特性を活用するのに有用な組成物及び方法について記載している。これらの方法及び組成物に用いることができる抗CS1抗体については米国特許公開第2005/0025763号及び同2006/0024296号に記載されており、これらの内容は引用により本明細書に組み込まれている。こうした抗CS1抗体は、SLAMF7、CRACC、19A、APEX−1及びFOAP12(Genbank登録番号NM_021181.3)としても公知のCS1(CD2サブセット1)を標的とする。CS1は、MMと診断された患者からの骨髄試料において高度に発現される糖蛋白質である。インビトロ及びインビボのいずれにおける実験でも、抗CS1抗体は顕著な抗骨髄腫活性を示す(例えば、米国特許公開第2005/0025763号及び同2006/0024296号参照。これらの内容は引用により本明細書に組み込まれている)。例えば、抗CS1抗体HuLuc63は抗体依存性細胞障害作用(ADCC)を介して骨髄腫細胞の溶解を効果的に媒介する(例えば、米国特許公開第2005/0025763参照。これの内容は引用により本明細書に組み込まれている。)が、これに限定されるものではない。マウス骨髄腫腫瘍モデルでは、HuLuc63を用いた処置によって腫瘍量が50%を超えて著しく縮小した(例えば、米国特許公開第2005/0025763号参照。これの内容は引用により本明細書に組み込まれている。)。
それらの組み合わせのような1以上の治療剤が、抗CS1抗体の投与と同時に、抗CS1
抗体の投与より前に、または抗CS1抗体の投与に続いて、投与され得る。治療剤は、別の組成物として投与されるか、カクテルに混合して単一の混合組成物として投与することができる。組成物は、本分野の任意の手段によって投与されることができる。
本明細書に記載の組成物は抗CS1抗体と特定用量の1種以上の治療剤を組み合わせたものであり、これによって互いに抗骨髄腫活性が増強又は補完される。好適な抗CS1抗体の例としては、CS1上に特定されている3つのエピトープクラスターのうちの1つ以上に結合する単離抗体及びハイブリドーマ細胞株Luc2、Luc3、Luc15、Luc22、Luc23、Luc29、Luc32、Luc34、Luc35、Luc37、Luc38、Luc39、Luc56、Luc60、Luc63、Luc69、LucX.1、LucX.2又はLuc90によって産生されたモノクローナル抗体が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。本明細書の以下では、これらのモノクローナル抗体をそれぞれ抗体Luc2、Luc3、Luc15、Luc22、Luc23、Luc29、Luc32、Luc34、Luc35、Luc37、Luc38、Luc39、Luc56、Luc60、Luc63、Luc69、LucX及びLuc90と称する。ヒト化型は「hu」という接頭語によって示されている(例えば、米国特許公開第2005/0025763号及び同2006/0024296号参照。これらの内容は引用により本明細書に組み込まれている)。
(1)hu50/mu50(配列番号2)に結合するLuc90によって規定されるエピトープ。このエピトープはヒトCS1の約23番目のアミノ酸残基から約151番目のアミノ酸残基にわたる。このエピトープは細胞外ドメインのドメイン1(Vドメイン)内にある。また、このエピトープはLuc34、(LucX.1及びLucX.2を含む)LucX並びにLuc69によっても認識される。
本明細書で提供されるのは、多発性骨髄腫と診断された患者において腫瘍量を縮小させ、及び/又は腫瘍成長を後退させるのに有用な医薬組成物である。さらに、この医薬組成物は、血清または尿におけるモノクローナルタンパク質(M−タンパク質、パラプロテイン)の存在によって特徴付けられる他の疾患を処置するためにも使用され得る。
本明細書に記載の医薬組成物はMMの処置において有用である。通常、この組成物は、新たに診断されたものから末期再発/難治性のものまでの範囲の意味未確定の単クローン性高ガンマグロブリン血症(MGUS)、くすぶり型骨髄腫、無症候性MM及び症候性MMを処置するために用いることができる。
実施例1:デキサメタゾンと組合せたHuLuc63
デキサメタゾン(Dex)は、治療の複数のラインにおいてMMの処置のために広範に使用されているコルチコステロイドである。Dexは、単一治療として、または種々の薬剤(レナリドマイド、サリドマイド、ベルカデ(velcade)が挙げられる)と組み合わせて、またはVAD(ビンクリスチン、ドキソルビシン、デキサメタゾン)レジメンの一部として、またはDVdリポソームドキソルビシン、ビンクリスチン、短期スケジュールデキサメタゾンレジメンとして使用されている。Dexの作用機序は、カスパーゼの活性化による骨髄腫細胞のアポトーシスの直接的な誘導に関する(Chauhan et al.,1997,Oncogene 15:837−843;Chauhan et al.,1997,J.Biol.Chem.272,29995−29997;Chauhan et al.,2001,J.Biol.Chem.,276:24453−24456)。
タコニックファームズ社(Taconic Farms)(ジャーマンタウン、ニューヨーク州)から入手した6〜8週齢の雌性IcrTac:ICR−Prkdcscidマウスの左下側腹部に1×107個のOPM2またはL363(German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig,Germany)細胞を接種した。キャリパーでの測定を週に2回行って式:L×W×H/2(式中、L(長さ)はマウスの背中の平面における腫瘍の最長辺であり、W(幅)は上記長さに対して直角をなす同じ面の最長測定値であり、H(高さ)はマウスの背面に垂直な最高点で測定される)を用いて腫瘍容積を算出した。腫瘍が平均約100mm3の大きさに達した時、動物を無作為に1群8〜10匹のマウスの3群に分け、1mg/kgまたは10mg/kgのHuLuc63またはアイソタイプ対照抗体の週2回の最大6用量の腹腔内投与により処置した。
サリドマイド(Thal)は、Dexとの併用でMMの処置のために現在認可されている免疫調整剤である。Thalの作用機序は完全には理解されていないが、脈管形成の阻害、骨髄における間質細胞および腫瘍細胞の増殖および生存の阻害、ならびに骨髄腫細胞の生存に影響する因子(例えば、IL−6、IL−10、IL−4、IL−5、IL−12、IL−8、TNF−α)の産生を変化させることに関与する。
Thal/Dex併用療法は、MM患者に対するフロントライン処置のために現在認可されている。Thal/DexとHuLuc63との組み合わせを、上述のように、抗骨髄腫活性について試験した。MM細胞株およびマウス異種移植腫瘍におけるCS1の発現に対するThal/Dex処置の効果を、上述のように免疫組織化学によって試験した。
ベバシズマブは、内皮増殖因子VEGFを標的とするモノクローナル抗体である。ベバシズマブは、VEGFを阻害することによって、腫瘍における新規血管形成を阻害する。ベバシズマブは、固形腫瘍(転移性結腸直腸癌を含む)の処置のために現在認可されている。ベバシズマブは、MMの処置における使用のためには認可されていない。
この提唱される多施設非盲検複数回投与用量漸増試験は、初回、2回目および3回目再発後の多発性骨髄腫患者におけるHuLuc63及び1以上の他の治療剤の組合せを評価する。HuLuc63を、1以上の他の治療剤との組合せで2.5mg/kg〜20mg/kgの範囲の最大5用量レベルでIV投与する。患者は、週1回(各用量は1時間にわたって注入される)、10日毎に、または2週間に1回、最低4用量、最大で52用量投与される。
1)メルファラン+プレドニゾン。メルファランは28日間サイクルで、1日目〜4日目に8mg/m2/d、最大11サイクル与えられる。プレドニゾンは、28日サイクルで、1〜4日目に60mg/m2/d、最大11サイクル与えられる。
Claims (17)
- デキサメタゾンおよび免疫調整剤と組み合わせた多発性骨髄腫の治療のための医薬の製造における抗CS−1抗体の使用であって、前記抗体は、配列番号1のアミノ酸170〜227にわたるエピトープクラスターに結合する抗体であり、多発性骨髄腫の治療のための他の治療剤が投与されない、使用。
- 抗体が、配列番号5に対応する重鎖可変領域および配列番号6に対応する軽鎖可変領域を有するヒト化IgG1抗体であるHuLuc63であり、免疫調整剤は、レナリドマイドではない、請求項1に記載の使用。
- 抗体が、0.5mg/kg〜20mg/kgの用量で静脈内投与される、請求項1又は2に記載の使用。
- HuLuc63が、デキサメタゾンと同時に投与される、請求項1又は2に記載の使用。
- HuLuc63が、デキサメタゾンと別々に投与される、請求項1又は2に記載の使用。
- 医薬の投与により、M蛋白質の90%超の減少が誘発される、請求項1又は2に記載の使用。
- 医薬の投与により、欧州血液骨髄移植グループ(EBMT)によって定義される完全寛解が誘発される、請求項1又は2に記載の使用。
- 医薬の投与により、EBMTによって定義される部分寛解が誘発される、請求項1又は2に記載の使用。
- 医薬の投与により、EBMTによって定義される最小寛解が誘発される、請求項1又は2に記載の使用。
- デキサメタゾン及びサリドマイドと組み合わせた多発性骨髄腫の治療のための医薬の製造における抗CS−1抗体の使用であって、前記抗体は、配列番号1のアミノ酸170〜227にわたるエピトープクラスターに結合する抗体であり、多発性骨髄腫の治療のための他の治療剤が投与されない、使用。
- 抗体が、0.5mg/kg〜20mg/kgの用量で静脈内投与される、請求項10に記載の使用。
- HuLuc63が、デキサメタゾン及びサリドマイドと同時に投与される、請求項10に記載の使用。
- HuLuc63が、デキサメタゾン及びサリドマイドと別々に投与される、請求項10に記載の使用。
- 医薬の投与により、M蛋白質の90%超の減少が誘発される、請求項10に記載の使用。
- 医薬の投与により、欧州血液骨髄移植グループ(EBMT)によって定義される完全寛解が誘発される、請求項10に記載の使用。
- 医薬の投与により、EBMTによって定義される部分寛解が誘発される、請求項10に記載の使用。
- 医薬の投与により、EBMTによって定義される最小寛解が誘発される、請求項10に記載の使用。
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Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2008019376A3 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
EP2068930B1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
BRPI0716475A2 (pt) | 2016-05-03 |
JP2015157823A (ja) | 2015-09-03 |
NZ574979A (en) | 2012-06-29 |
PT2068930E (pt) | 2012-10-23 |
US20110165154A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
CY1113309T1 (el) | 2016-04-13 |
HRP20120934T1 (hr) | 2012-12-31 |
ES2391790T3 (es) | 2012-11-29 |
EP2425849A3 (en) | 2012-05-09 |
US7842293B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 |
US20160206734A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
IL196920A (en) | 2013-11-28 |
JP2014040421A (ja) | 2014-03-06 |
CA2660102C (en) | 2017-02-21 |
EP2425849A2 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
MX2009001440A (es) | 2009-04-15 |
DK2068930T3 (da) | 2012-10-29 |
JP2017025077A (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
IL196920A0 (en) | 2011-08-01 |
AU2007281682A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
EP2068930A2 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
US20080124332A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
CA2660102A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
NO20090969L (no) | 2009-04-28 |
PL2068930T3 (pl) | 2013-02-28 |
JP2010500370A (ja) | 2010-01-07 |
HK1129849A1 (en) | 2009-12-11 |
AU2007281682B2 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
WO2008019376A2 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
NO345083B1 (no) | 2020-09-21 |
JP5775125B2 (ja) | 2015-09-09 |
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