JP6001674B2 - 非特異的増幅を減少させるための方法及び試薬 - Google Patents
非特異的増幅を減少させるための方法及び試薬 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6001674B2 JP6001674B2 JP2014547759A JP2014547759A JP6001674B2 JP 6001674 B2 JP6001674 B2 JP 6001674B2 JP 2014547759 A JP2014547759 A JP 2014547759A JP 2014547759 A JP2014547759 A JP 2014547759A JP 6001674 B2 JP6001674 B2 JP 6001674B2
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Description
本発明は、特定の増幅反応において、特に、複数の標的核酸の増幅及び検出のための複数のプライマー並びにプローブを含有する反応において(例:マルチプレックスPCR反応)、1若しくは複数のプローブが、続いて偽陽性のシグナルを与えることになる非特異的増幅に繋がる可能性のあるテンプル(temple)として作用し得るという驚くべき発見に基づいている。PCRにおいてプローブに基づく非特異的増幅を減少させるために、DNAポリメラーゼの活性に干渉するが、相補ヌクレオチドとの塩基対形成を行うことは依然としてできるマイナーグルーブ修飾剤(minor groove modifiers)を用いることができる。そのようなマイナーグルーブ修飾剤の1つの例は、デオキシグアノシン類似体、N2−ベンジル−グアノシン(N2−ベンジル−dG)であり、これは、本明細書で述べるように、本発明の主題である。
定義
特に断りのない限り、本明細書で用いられるすべての技術及び科学用語は、本発明が属する技術分野の当業者によって共通して理解されるものと同じ意味を有する。本発明の記載及び請求において、以下の定義が用いられる。
図2に図で示されるように、N2−ベンジル−dGを含有する鋳型核酸がDNAポリメラーゼによるプライマーの伸長を阻害することができることを実証するために、以下に示す配列を有するFAM標識プライマーオリゴヌクレオチド及び3つの相補性鋳型オリゴヌクレオチドを用いたプライマー伸長実験を設定した。
NJS03 GGGAGCGTCGGCAGGTTGGTTGAGTAGGTCTTGTTT(配列番号2)
NJS339−1A CGGAGCGTCGGCAGGTTGGTTGAGTAGETCTTGTTT(配列番号3)
NJS339−2A CGGAGCGTCGGCAGGTTGGTTGAGTAGGTCTTETTT(配列番号4)
(E=N2−ベンジル−dG)
ハイブリダイゼーションに対するN2−ベンジル−dGの効果を調べるために、未修飾相補性オリゴヌクレオチド、及び3つの試験オリゴヌクレオチドを用いた融解温度実験を行った。融解温度の特定を行った3つの試験オリゴヌクレオチドは、(a)未修飾コントロールオリゴヌクレオチド、(b)N−9位にN2−ベンジル−dGを有する(a)と同一の配列を持つオリゴヌクレオチド、並びに(c)N−4位にN2−ベンジル−dGを有する(a)と同一の配列を持つオリゴヌクレオチドを表す。これらのオリゴヌクレオチドのヌクレオチド配列は以下の通りである:
試験コントロール 5’−TTTGTTCTGGATGAGTTGGTTGGACGGCTGCGAGGC(配列番号6)
試験N−9 5’−TTTGTTCTEGATGAGTTGGTTGGACGGCTGCGAGGC(配列番号7)
試験N−4 5’−TTTETTCTGGATGAGTTGGTTGGACGGCTGCGAGGC(配列番号8)
N2−ベンジル−dGを含有する5’−ヌクレアーゼオリゴヌクレオチドプローブを、TaqMan(登録商標)PCRアッセイにおいて、DNAポリメラーゼの5’から3’ヌクレアーゼ活性によって効果的に開裂可能であるかどうかを調べるために、以下の実験を行った。HIV−1、HIV−2、HBV、及びHCV中の特定のウイルス配列を標的とするTaqMan(登録商標)プローブを、N2−ベンジル−dG残基を1つ含有するように修飾した。次に、修飾TaqMan(登録商標)プローブの各々を、DNAポリメラーゼの5’から3’ヌクレアーゼ活性によっていかに効果的にプローブが開裂されるかを示すものであるそのアンプリコン検出能について、標的特異的プライマー及びZ05 DNAポリメラーゼを用いた標準的なキネティックPCRにて、その対応物である未修飾TaqMan(登録商標)プローブと比較した。
蛍光JA270染料で標識したHCV特異的TaqMan(登録商標)プローブを含有するチャネルにて、非特異的増幅に起因する偽陽性データの出現が観察された。表1に示されるように、N2−ベンジル−dGをHCV TaqMan(登録商標)プローブ中に取り込むことにより、JA270チャネル(チャネル3)中の偽陽性シグナルの存在を取り除くことができた。
偽陽性を減少させる手段としてのTaqMan(登録商標)プローブのN2−ベンジル−dG修飾の可能性を示す目的で、従来のプローブ、及びプローブ配列中の特定の位置にN2−ベンジル−dGを持つプローブを用いて偽陽性発生率を測定する実験を行った。高度に最適化された増幅系では、偽陽性は比較的稀であることから、非特異的増幅産物の生成に有利である修飾PCRマスターミックスを開発した。このモデル系では、比較的限定された数のインプットサンプルから、発生率間の統計的な有意差が明らかとなるように、高レベルの偽陽性を誘発することができる。
Claims (8)
- PCR増幅、DNAシーケンシング及びジェノタイピングからなる群から選択される、鋳型特異的な様式でプライマーの伸長を行うアッセイにおいて、鋳型ヌクレオチドとハイブリダイズするプライマーオリゴヌクレオチドの熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼによる伸長を防止する方法であって、前記鋳型ヌクレオチド上にN2−ベンジル−デオキシグアノシン(N2−ベンジル−dG)を取り込むことを含んで成り、ここで、前記プライマーオリゴヌクレオチドは、N2−ベンジル−dGヌクレオチドの位置を超えて、2個を超えるヌクレオチドによって伸長され得ない、前記方法。
- 前記アッセイがPCR増幅である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 増幅反応の間における核酸の非特異的増幅を減少させるか、又は防止する方法であって、以下のステップ:
標的核酸を増幅することができる少なくとも1対のプライマーオリゴヌクレオチドを提供し;そして
N2−ベンジル−dGヌクレオチドを取り込むプローブオリゴヌクレオチドを提供すること、
を含んで成り、ここで前記プライマーオリゴヌクレオチドが前記プローブオリゴヌクレオチドとハイブリダイズするときに、前記N2−ベンジル−dGヌクレオチドは、前記N2−ベンジル−dGヌクレオチドの位置を超えた、2個を超えるヌクレオチドによる、DNAポリメラーゼによるプライマーオリゴヌクレオチドの伸長を阻害する、前記方法。 - 前記増幅反応がTaqman(登録商標)PCRアッセイであり、前記プローブオリゴヌクレオチドが5’ヌクレアーゼプローブである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 核酸の増幅のための反応混合物であって、少なくとも1対のプライマーオリゴヌクレオチド、及び、N2−ベンジル−dGヌクレオチドを取り込む少なくとも1つのプローブオリゴヌクレオチドを含んで成る、前記反応混合物。
- ヌクレオチド取り込み生体触媒、ヌクレオシド3リン酸、及び、前記ヌクレオチド取り込み生体触媒による核酸の増幅のために適した緩衝液をさらに含んで成る、請求項5に記載の反応混合物。
- 核酸の増幅のためのキットであって、少なくとも1対のプライマーオリゴヌクレオチド、及び、N2−ベンジル−dGヌクレオチドを取り込む少なくとも1つのプローブオリゴヌクレオチド、少なくとも1つのヌクレオチド取り込み生体触媒、ヌクレオシド3リン酸、少なくとも1つの前記ヌクレオチド取り込み生体触媒による核酸の増幅のために適した緩衝液、及び、核酸の増幅を行うための1セットの指示書を含んで成る、前記キット。
- 1又は2対以上のプライマーオリゴヌクレオチド、及び、N2−ベンジル−dGヌクレオチドを取り込む1又は2対以上のプローブオリゴヌクレオチドをさらに含んで成る、請求項7に記載のキット。
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