JP5992194B2 - Thermoelectric material measuring device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a thermoelectric material property measuring apparatus for measuring thermophysical values such as Seebeck coefficient and electric resistivity of a thermoelectric material.

  The thermoelectric conversion material is a general term for substances that express the Seebeck effect and the Peltier effect and perform mutual energy conversion between heat and electricity. When a temperature difference is applied to this special material, a potential difference is generated inside the material, and by extracting this potential difference to an external circuit, power can be extracted at the external load part. Can be configured. For this reason, developing a thermoelectric material having high power generation performance at the same temperature difference is an important issue in the field today.

The performance of thermoelectric materials is generally the thermoelectric figure of merit Z
Z = α ² / (λ · ρ)
It is expressed by
Here, α is the Seebeck coefficient (VK ⁻¹ ), ρ is the electrical resistivity, and λ is the thermal conductivity. A large thermoelectric figure of merit Z has high power generation performance and can generate more power for the same heat input, so the thermoelectric power, resistivity, and thermal conductivity can be finely adjusted to optimize the material. Many experiments have been attempted.

The Seebeck coefficient α and the thermal conductivity λ here are important factors that determine the thermoelectric performance index. That is, in the performance evaluation of thermoelectric materials, it is necessary to quantitatively determine these physical property values at a certain temperature. Generally, for example, thermoelectric power is determined by a steady two-terminal method.
In order to evaluate the performance of a sample which is such a thermoelectric material, it is necessary to position the two points on the sample with high accuracy and measure the voltage and temperature at the two points.

Conventionally, the interval between the two measurement points of the object to be measured has been fixed, but in recent years, there is a demand for changing the interval between the two measurement points due to evaluation of a hybrid material or the like.
Conventionally, the measurement has been performed in the range where the atmospheric temperature of the space in which the measurement target is placed is in the range of −80 to 1000 °. However, there is a demand for the measurement to be performed at lower and higher temperatures.
However, when the temperature is set to 1000 ° or more, there is a problem that the object to be measured expands and it is difficult to position the contact position (measurement point) with the tip of the thermocouple lead.

An object of the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus capable of flexibly changing the position and interval of two measurement points of a sample.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus capable of performing highly accurate measurement even when the measurement temperature becomes high.

In order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art and achieve the above-described object, the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus of the present invention includes a first tip of a first probe at a first measurement point of a measurement target. The second tip of the second probe is brought into contact with the second measurement point of the object to be measured, the temperature difference between the first measurement point and the second measurement point, and the first A thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus for detecting a voltage between the measurement point and the second measurement point, wherein at least one of the first probe and the second probe is a movable probe, and the movable probe The probe fixes the movable probe, and the first probe has a direction in which the tip is pressed against the measurement target so that the tip of the movable probe can move in a direction away from the measurement target. Rotate around a specified axis of rotation while biased in the direction of rotation And a movable operating means for rotating the pedestal in a second rotational direction opposite to the first rotational direction, and a direction connecting the first measurement point and the second measurement point. Moving means for moving the probe.
In the thermoelectric property measuring apparatus according to the present invention, the pedestal is rotated in the second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction by operating the rotation operation means. Then, in this state, the moving means is operated to move the movable probe with respect to the object to be measured and set it at a predetermined measurement position.
Then, the rotation operation means is operated to rotate the pedestal in the first rotation direction, and the tip of the movable probe is pressed against the object to be measured by the urging force. And it measures in that state.
When the measurement is completed, the rotation operation unit is operated again to rotate the pedestal in the second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction, thereby separating the tip of the movable probe from the measurement target.

Preferably, in the thermoelectric property measuring apparatus of the present invention, both the first probe and the second probe are the movable probes.
Preferably, in the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus of the present invention, the first measurement point of the measurement target is the first measurement point when viewed from the direction connecting the first measurement point and the second measurement point. The direction in which the first tip of the probe extends and the direction in which the tip of the second tip of the second probe extends at the second measurement point have a predetermined angle.

Preferably, at least one of the first probe and the second probe of the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus of the present invention extends to a direction connecting the second measuring point and the first measuring point, before Symbol A current-carrying member bent by approximately 90 ° toward the object to be measured at a predetermined position on the first tip part or the second tip part side, the first measurement point before the current-carrying member, and the second And a protective member that covers a portion extending in the direction connecting the measurement points, leaving a portion near the bent portion.

Preferably, the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus of the present invention includes a heating unit that positions the measurement target in a heated atmosphere, and a cooling unit that joins one end of the measurement target and cools the one end.
Preferably, the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus of the present invention further includes a cooling unit that positions the measurement target in a cooling atmosphere, and a heating unit that joins one end of the measurement target and heats the one end.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the thermoelectric property measuring apparatus which can change the position of two measuring points of a sample, and a space | interval flexibly can be provided.
In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a thermoelectric property measuring apparatus capable of performing highly accurate measurement even when the measurement temperature becomes high.

1A and 1B are conceptual diagrams of a thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the thermoelectric property measuring apparatus 1 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the configuration of the side surface side of the holding mechanism for the sample 3 in the soaking cap 13 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the configuration of the side surface side of the holding mechanism for the sample 3 in the soaking cap 13 shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the upper electrode 17 shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the vertical movement of the probe unit. FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the vertical movement of the probe unit. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the vertical movement of the probe unit. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the positional relationship between two probe units. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the rotating operation of the conducting wire of the probe unit 61. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the rotation operation of the conducting wire of the probe unit 61. FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the probe unit 61.63 and its peripheral configuration. FIG. 13 is a view for explaining a vertical movement mechanism of the probe unit 63. FIG. 14 is a view for explaining an up-and-down movement mechanism in which the probe unit 61 and the probe unit 63 are integrated. FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the vertical movement of the probe unit. FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the vertical movement of the probe unit. FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the vertical movement of the probe unit. FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a thermoelectric property measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
One feature of the thermoelectric property measuring apparatus of the present embodiment is that the positions of two measurement points on the sample can be arbitrarily changed in the vertical direction.

1A and 1B are conceptual diagrams of a thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1 has a sample 3 placed on a lower electrode 15 in a soaking cap 13 in an atmosphere heated by an atmosphere temperature control heater 11. The upper electrode 17 is held in a pressed state from above.

The lower electrode 15 and the upper electrode 17 are connected to a constant current generator 19, and a constant current is supplied to the sample 3 through the lower electrode 15 and the upper electrode 17 while holding the sample 3.
Of the two points on the surface of the sample 3 in the direction (vertical direction) connecting the soaking cap 13 and the lower electrode 15, the tip portion 65 of the probe unit 61 contacts the measurement point 31 on the lower electrode 15 side, and the upper electrode 17. The distal end portion 67 of the probe unit 63 is in contact with the measurement point 33 on the side.
The probe unit 61 is used to detect the temperature T2 at the measurement point 31 and the potential V2.
The probe unit 63 is used to detect the temperature T1 of the measurement point 33 and the potential V1.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the Seebeck coefficient α is calculated from the difference between the temperatures T2 and T1 and the difference between the potentials V2 and V1.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the thermoelectric property measuring apparatus 1 shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1, a protective tube 39 is disposed in an atmosphere heated by an infrared temperature control heater 11.
The inside of the protective tube 39 is shielded from the outside by a shield plate 37 or the like.
A soaking cap 13 is disposed in the protective tube 39. The soaking cap 13 has a function of uniformizing heating in the measurement system.

3 and 4 are views for explaining the configuration of the side surface side of the holding mechanism for the sample 3 in the heat equalizing cap 13 shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lower electrode 15 is formed to cover the upper end surface of the lower sample holder 41 and the outer periphery around it.
Nickel is used as the material of the lower electrode 15.

A cooling tube 45 is installed in the lower sample holder 41.
The lower sample holder 41 is installed inside the upper sample holder 43.
Quartz is used as the material of the lower sample holder 41.
The lower sample holder 41 has a small expansion coefficient, and the lower electrode 15 has a large expansion coefficient. For this reason, the lower sample holder 41 and the lower electrode 15 are not in close contact with each other, and a gap is formed. However, by mounting the lower electrode 15 on the lower sample holder 41 with a cap shape, horizontal displacement can be suppressed.
In addition, helium filled in the non-heated atmosphere exists between the lower sample holder 41 and the lower electrode 15, and a relatively high heat transfer efficiency can be obtained.

The portion of the lower sample holder 41 that comes into contact with the lower electrode 15 is formed thinner than the other portions in order to increase the heat transfer efficiency.
The upper sample holder 43 has a function of supporting the upper electrode 17.

A heater unit 51 is arranged behind the upper side of the upper electrode 17. The heater unit 51 heats the upper electrode 17 and the heat is transmitted to the end surface of the sample 3 on the upper electrode 17 side.
The upper electrode 17 and the heater unit 51 are fixed to the moving plate 53.
The moving plate 53 is biased toward the lower electrode 15 by the elastic force of the spring 55.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the upper electrode 17 shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5A, the moving plate 53 can be moved in the vertical direction manually or by a driving means (not shown).
When the sample 3 is installed on the upper surface of the lower electrode 15, the moving plate 53 is moved upward together with the upper electrode 17 as shown in FIG.
And the sample taking-in / out window (not shown) provided in the protective tube 39 and the soaking cap 13 is opened, the sample 3 is put into the soaking cap 13, and one end thereof is placed on the upper surface of the lower electrode 15. To do.
Next, as shown in FIG. 5C, the moving plate 53 is moved manually or automatically toward the lower electrode 15, and the lower surface of the upper electrode 17 presses the upper surface of the sample 3 downward with a predetermined pressure. Stop in state.
Accordingly, the sample 3 is held in a stable state between the lower electrode 15 and the upper electrode 17.

A cooling pipe 45 is installed in the lower sample holder 41 to which the lower electrode 15 is attached.
A nozzle 45 a is provided at the tip of the cooling pipe 45 on the lower electrode 15 side.
The cooling medium (cooling gas) flows in the flow path (first flow path) in the cooling pipe 45 from the lower side to the upper side, and is injected from the nozzle 45a to the lower surface of the lower sample holder 41 on the lower electrode 15 side. .
The cooling medium flows toward a lower outlet through a cylindrical flow path (second flow path) formed between the cooling pipe 45 in the lower sample holder 41.

  As shown in FIG. 6, since the lower electrode 15 is formed over the upper surface of the lower sample holder 41 and the outer periphery around it, the heat exchangeable area can be widened and high cooling efficiency can be obtained. it can.

[Probe unit]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the distal end portion 65 of the probe unit 61 and the distal end portion 67 of the probe unit 63 are located around the position where the sample 3 in the soaking cap 13 is placed. Yes.
A tip portion 65 of the probe unit 61 is at one end of the conducting wire 85, and the conducting wire 85 has a portion extending in the horizontal direction and a portion extending downward by bending about 90 ° in a dogleg shape.
Tungsten is used as a material for the conductive wire 85. As described above, tungsten has higher stability in reactivity at high temperatures than platinum, so that it is possible to avoid the reaction between the sample 3 and the conductive wire 85 at a high temperature and to obtain high measurement accuracy even at a temperature of 1000 ° or more. it can.

Of the portion extending in the vertical direction of the conducting wire 85, a protective member 91 that covers the conducting wire 85 is formed, leaving a part from the vicinity of the bent portion to the distal end portion 65.
As the protective member 91, aluminum oxide or alumina is used.
By forming the protection member 91 as described above, even if the protection member 91 expands due to a high temperature, the position of the tip portion 65 can be prevented from being affected.
The other end of the conducting wire 85 is fixed to the pedestal 73 via the protective member 91 at the lower side.
The base 73 of the probe unit 61 is located in the lower case 71 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 8, the pedestal 73 is movable in the vertical direction integrally with the conducting wire 85 and the protection member 91.
Accordingly, the tip 65 of the probe unit 61 moves in the vertical direction with respect to the sample 3.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the conducting wire 85 and the conducting wire 87 as viewed from the upper side in the direction connecting the distal end portion 65 and the distal end portion 67.
As shown in FIG. 8, when viewed from the upper side in the direction connecting the distal end portion 65 and the distal end portion 67, the distal end portion 65 and the distal end portion 67 are brought into contact with the side surface of the sample 3 from an angle different from the conducting wire 85 and the conducting wire 87. doing.
That is, the portion of the conducting wire 85 on the distal end portion 65 side and the portion of the conducting wire 87 on the distal end portion 67 side are disposed with an angle of about 30 °.

10 and 11 are diagrams for explaining the rotating operation of the conducting wire 85.
As shown in FIG. 10, the pedestal 73 is installed so as to be rotatable about a rotation shaft 97 fixed to the fixing member 105 in the lower case 71, for example.
The pedestal 73 is urged by a spring 99 in a direction (the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 9) to press the tip 65 against the side surface of the sample 3.
The fixing member 105 is formed with a thread groove penetrating the front and back, and the tip of the screw 101 is fitted into the thread groove.

  As shown in FIG. 11, when the user rotates the upper end portion (operation unit) of the screw 101 clockwise with a finger or the like, the screw 101 moves toward the pedestal 73, and the pedestal 73 is moved in the direction of the arrow at the distal end portion. As a result, the pedestal 73 rotates about the rotation shaft 97 in a direction to separate the tip 65 from the sample 3 against the elastic force of the spring 99. This operation is performed before the sample 3 is placed on the lower electrode 15 in the soaking cap 13 or when the sample 3 is taken out after the measurement.

Conversely, when the user rotates the upper end of the screw 101 counterclockwise with a finger or the like, the screw 101 moves in a direction away from the pedestal 73 (upward). As a result, the pedestal 73 is rotated by the elastic force of the spring 99 in the direction of pressing the tip 65 against the sample 3 around the rotation shaft 97. This operation is performed after placing the sample 3 on the lower electrode 15 in the soaking cap 13.
The rotation mechanism of the probe unit 63 is basically the same as that of the probe unit 61 described above.

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the probe unit 61.63 and its peripheral configuration.
FIG. 13 is a view for explaining a vertical movement mechanism of the probe unit 63.
FIG. 14 is a view for explaining an up-and-down movement mechanism in which the probe unit 61 and the probe unit 63 are integrated.
As shown in FIG. 12, a moving member 225 and a moving member 227 are movably attached to a rail 229 extending in the vertical direction.
A fixing member 105 of the probe unit 61 is attached to the moving member 225 via a member 221, and the member 221 is fixed to a portion 253 of the member 251.

As shown in FIG. 12, the fixed member 107 of the probe unit 63 is attached to the moving member 227 via the member 223, and the member 223 is fixed to the portion 255 of the member 251.
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, when the operation portion of the member 235 is rotated clockwise, the portion 255 moves relatively upward with respect to the portion 253, and is integrated with the portion 255 to fix the fixing member 107 of the probe unit 63. The moving member 227 moves relatively upward with respect to the probe unit 61 and the moving member 225.
As a result, the distal end portion 67 of the conducting wire 87 of the probe unit 63 moves relatively upward with respect to the distal end portion 65 of the conducting wire 85 of the probe unit 61, and the interval between the distal end portion 65 and the distal end portion 67 increases.

On the contrary, when the operation portion of the member 235 is rotated counterclockwise, the portion 255 moves relatively downward with respect to the portion 253, and the fixing member 107 and the moving member 227 of the probe unit 63 are integrated with the portion 255. It moves downward relative to the probe unit 61 and the moving member 225.
As a result, the distal end portion 67 of the conducting wire 87 of the probe unit 63 moves downward relative to the distal end portion 65 of the conducting wire 85 of the probe unit 61, and the interval between the distal end portion 65 and the distal end portion 67 is narrowed.

As shown in FIG. 14, in the lower part opposite to the operation part at the upper end of the member 231, the member 253 is engaged. When the member 231 is rotated clockwise, the member 253 is moved as shown in FIG. It moves upward together with the member 251.
As a result, the probe unit 61 and the probe unit 63 move together upward while maintaining a distance in the vertical direction.

  As shown in FIG. 15, when the operation portion of the member 231 is held at the maximum rotation position counterclockwise and the member 235 is held at the maximum rotation position clockwise, the distal end portion 65 of the probe unit 61 is attached to the sample 3. The lowest point is measured, and the tip portion 67 of the probe unit 63 can measure the highest point of the sample 3.

  As shown in FIG. 16, when the operation portion of the member 231 is held at the maximum rotation position in the clockwise direction and the member 235 is held at the maximum rotation position in the clockwise direction, the distal end portion 65 of the probe unit 61 is positioned at the top of the sample 3. The vicinity of the point (position slightly below the uppermost point) is measured, and the tip 67 of the probe unit 63 can measure the uppermost point of the sample 3.

  As shown in FIG. 17, when the operation portion of the member 231 is held at the maximum counterclockwise rotation position and the member 235 is held at the maximum counterclockwise rotation position, the tip portion 65 of the probe unit 61 becomes the sample 3. The tip 67 of the probe unit 63 can measure the lowest point of the sample 3 (a position slightly above the lowest point).

An operation example of the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1 will be described.
In the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1, a sample 3 is inserted by opening a sample loading / unloading window provided in the protective tube 39 and the soaking cap 13.
At this time, the upper electrode 17 is in the position shown in FIG. Moreover, the front-end | tip part 65 of the probe unit 61 and the front-end | tip part 67 of the probe unit 63 are the attitude | positions shown in FIG.

Then, after placing one end of the sample 3 on the upper surface of the lower electrode 15, the upper electrode 17 is moved to a position where the upper surface of the sample 3 is pressed as shown in FIG.
Thereby, the sample 3 can be stably held between the lower electrode 155 and the upper electrode 17.
Then, the probe unit 61 and the probe unit 63 are positioned in the vertical direction, and the tip portions 65 and 67 are brought into contact with predetermined measurement points 31 and 33 on the sample 3.
The lower electrode 15 is cooled by the cooling pipe 45 while being heated by the atmospheric temperature control heater 11, and the upper electrode 17 is heated by the heater unit 51 as necessary.
As a result, a predetermined temperature difference occurs between the upper and lower ends of the sample 3.
In this state, the temperature and potential at the measurement points 31 and 33 are detected.

As described above, in the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, one end surface of the sample 3 is placed on the lower electrode 15, and the other end surface of the sample 3 is placed from above with the upper electrode 17. The sample 3 is fixed by pressing. Therefore, the lower electrode 15 and the upper electrode 17 simultaneously exhibit the fixing function of the sample 3, and there is no need to provide fixing means individually.
Therefore, the volume of the protective tube 39 that becomes the heated atmosphere can be reduced, the temperature variation in the heated atmosphere can be suppressed, the temperature can be changed in a short time, the temperature setting accuracy is improved, and the energy loss of heating and cooling is reduced. it can.
Moreover, the size of the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1 can be reduced.

Further, according to the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1, a heating atmosphere is created in the protective tube 39 by the atmosphere temperature control heater 11, the moving plate 53 side of the sample 3 is heated by the moving plate 53, and the sample 3 is heated by the cooling tube 45. Therefore, the temperature difference between the lower electrode 15 side and the upper electrode 17 side of the sample 3 can be set large. In particular, with such a configuration, the temperature difference between the lower electrode 15 side and the upper electrode 17 side of the sample 3 can be set with high accuracy in measurement at a low temperature.
Further, by providing the cooling function by the cooling pipe 45 in this way, a temperature difference between the lower electrode 15 side and the upper electrode 17 side of the sample 3 can be given with relatively small energy at the time of high temperature measurement. .

Moreover, in the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus 1, since the probe unit 61 and the probe unit 63 can be individually moved in the vertical direction as described above, the positions and intervals of the tip portion 65 and the tip portion 67 in the vertical direction can be set. The measurement point can be changed, and arbitrary two measurement points in the vertical direction of the sample 3 can be measured.
This makes it possible to measure the sample 3 having different characteristics depending on the position of the hybrid material or the like.

Further, in the thermoelectric property measuring apparatus 1, as described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, the tip portion 65 and the tip portion 67 are brought into contact with the measurement point while being biased toward the measurement point. be able to.
Therefore, even when the heated sample 3 is somewhat deformed, the tip 65 and the tip 67 are kept in a stable state without being displaced in a state where an appropriate frictional force is generated with respect to the measurement point. Can be contacted. As a result, it is possible to perform highly accurate measurement without any deviation of the measurement position.

Second Embodiment
In the present embodiment, a case where a thin film sample is used as the sample 3 will be described.
In this case, for example, as shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, a silicon substrate 505 on which a thin film 531 is formed is attached to one end surface of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped support base 501, and a nickel cross section is formed from both upper and lower sides. A sample module 503 is obtained by being sandwiched between U-shaped holding means 511 and 513. At this time, silver pastes 521 and 523 are attached between the silicon substrate 505 and the measurement point side ends of the plates 511 and 513 to fix them.
Thereafter, the holding means 513 side of the sample module 503 is placed on the lower electrode 15.
Then, the sample module 503 is fixed by pressing the holding means 511 side from above with the upper electrode 17. In the fixed state, the tip portion 65 of the probe unit 61 and the tip portion 67 of the probe unit 63 are brought into contact with the surface of the thin film 531 to perform measurement.

The support base 501 is made of, for example, aluminum oxide and has a size of 4 mm × 3 mm × 20 mm.
The size of the silicon substrate 505 is, for example, 4 mm × 0.5 mm × 18 mm.

  According to this embodiment, the thin film 531 can be measured.

<Third Embodiment>
In the above-described embodiment, the case where measurement is performed by putting the soaking cap 13 in the atmosphere heated by the atmosphere temperature control heater 11 is illustrated, but when measurement is performed in a low temperature atmosphere, for example, FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, a heating / cooling chamber 605 having a heater 602 disposed on the outer periphery of the tip portion is formed in a container 601 filled with liquid nitrogen, and the soaking cap 13 is disposed in the heating / cooling chamber 605. May be.
Thereby, for example, a low temperature atmosphere of −150 ° can be realized.

<Fourth embodiment>
In the present embodiment, generation of the cooling medium flowing into the cooling pipe 45 described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 20.
Compressed air from the compressed air supply port 801 enters a ring-shaped room between the generator and the outer casing main body.
This air then enters the nozzle at or near the speed of sound and expands to lose some of its pressure. The nozzle is set so that the air flow is ejected in a tangential direction toward the peripheral wall of the swirl chamber.
All of the blown air flows into the hot tube that follows the swirl chamber. The inflowing air stream separates heat between the warm air outlet and the cold air outlet of the tube.

The inner diameter of the hot tube at the counter electrode through the swirl chamber is always larger than the inner diameter of the cold air outlet, and the centrifugal force works when the swirling air flow flows toward the valve 803 at the end of the hot tube. Press the air near the tube wall.
The air flow has a pressure slightly lower than the jetting pressure of the nozzle and a pressure higher than the atmosphere (assuming that the pressure of the cold air discharge port 805 is atmospheric pressure) until reaching the valve. Further, the pressure behind the valve 803 is always higher than the pressure of the cold air outlet 805. In order to separate hot and cold air, it is necessary to let some of this air escape.

Therefore, the amount of air exiting from the warm air discharge port is determined by opening and closing the valve 803.
It is pushed back to the center of the hot tube and flows toward the cold air outlet 805 through the center of the hot tube and the swirl chamber while swirling. This is the opposite of the initial air flow that entered the hot tube from the swirl chamber, but the initial air inflow did not occupy the center of the tube due to the centrifugal force, making it ideal for the reverse flow to pass through. It means that it is a simple passage.
Also, as described above, in connection with the pressure difference between the valve 803 and the cold outlet 805, one flow exists inside the other flow and moves in the opposite direction in the hot tube. Rotating flow is possible.

The outer airflow is moving toward the warm air outlet 807, and the inner airflow is moving toward the cold air outlet 805.
In addition, both air streams rotate in the same direction. Here, because both airflows are rotating at the same angular velocity, these are the two turbulent flows that occur across the boundary between the two flows as far as rotational motion is concerned. Each is confined into a single lump.
This inner air flow is called a forced vortex, which is distinguished from a free vortex. This is because the rotational motion of the inner vortex is controlled by the influence of the outer air amount rather than the preservation of the angular momentum. That is, the inner air flow is forcibly rotated at a constant angular velocity by the warm air flow of the outside air to form a forced vortex. Since the kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the linear velocity, when the forced vortex linear velocity is halved and the free vortex linear velocity is doubled, the forced vortex is 1/16 of the kinetic energy of the free vortex. You have energy. Due to this energy difference, the energy is transferred from the inner air stream to the outside as heat.

  According to the present embodiment, the cooling medium can be generated from the compressed air in the thermoelectric property measuring apparatus 1.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
That is, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, combinations, subcombinations, and alternatives regarding the components of the above-described embodiments within the technical scope of the present invention or an equivalent scope thereof.

  The present invention is applicable to a thermoelectric material measuring apparatus that measures thermophysical values of thermoelectric materials.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Thermoelectric characteristic measuring device 3 ... Sample 11 ... Heater for atmosphere temperature control 13 ... Soaking cap 15 ... Lower electrode 17 ... Upper electrode 39 ... Protection tube 61, 65 ... Probe unit 85, 87 ... Conductor

Claims (6)

The first tip of the first probe is brought into contact with the first measurement point of the object to be measured, the second tip of the second probe is brought into contact with the second measurement point of the object to be measured, A thermoelectric characteristic measurement device that detects a temperature difference between a first measurement point and the second measurement point and a voltage between the first measurement point and the second measurement point,
At least one of the first probe and the second probe is a movable probe;
The movable probe is
The movable probe is fixed, and the tip of the movable probe is moved in a direction away from the object to be measured, so that the tip is pressed against the object to be measured in the first rotation direction. A pedestal that rotates about a predetermined rotation axis in a biased state;
A rotation operating means for rotating the base in a second rotational direction opposite to the previous SL first rotational direction,
A thermoelectric characteristic measurement apparatus comprising: a moving unit that moves the movable probe in a direction connecting the first measurement point and the second measurement point. The thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein both the first probe and the second probe are the movable probes. A direction in which the first tip of the first probe extends to the first measurement point of the object to be measured, as viewed from the direction connecting the first measurement point and the second measurement point; The thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second measurement point has a predetermined angle with respect to a direction in which the second tip of the second probe extends. At least one of the first probe and the second probe is:
The first and the measurement points extending in the direction connecting the second measuring point, before Symbol approximately 90 ° toward the object to be measured at a predetermined position of the first tip portion or the second distal end side A bent energization member;
Claim 3 and a protective member in which the front of the first measuring point and the second measuring point and the portion extending in the direction connecting the current-carrying member, covers leaving a portion of said bent around portions Thermoelectric property measuring device. Heating means for positioning the object to be measured in a heated atmosphere;
The joined to one end of the object to be measured, the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 having a cooling means for cooling the end. Cooling means for positioning the object to be measured in a cooling atmosphere;
The joined to one end of the object to be measured, the thermoelectric characteristic measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 having a heating means for heating the end.