JP5988840B2 - Rotating electric machine stator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stator for a rotating electrical machine.

  In response to the recent global warming, rotating electrical machines are required to have a small size and high output. As such a rotating electrical machine, for example, it has a stator core having a large number of slots that are open on the inner peripheral side, and a plurality of substantially U-shaped segment conductors are inserted into each slot to improve the space factor. In order to increase the output by improving the cooling performance, it is known.

  In order to improve insulation performance, there is a vehicle alternator stator in which a slot liner is provided with a slit to prevent the slot liner from being broken (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-178057 A

  Since the technology of Patent Document 1 is mainly intended for an air-cooled and low-voltage (12 Vdc) vehicle AC generator, a slot liner can be provided with a slit, but in a rotating electrical machine used for an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle, In many cases, the voltage is as high as 150 to 300 Vdc (some of which are 600 Vdc by boosting), and the cooling is not air cooling but is directly liquid (eg oil) cooling. Since such a rotating electrical machine has a high voltage, when the slot liner is provided with a slit, there is a problem in that the insulating property of the slit portion is lowered.

In order to solve the above problems, for example, the configuration described in the claims is adopted. The present application includes a plurality of means for solving the above-described problems. For example, the present application includes a stator core provided with a plurality of slots and a stator coil provided in the slots. N slot conductors (where N is a positive even number) are provided in the slot, and the stator coil is connected to a plurality of the segment conductors via welds provided at the conductor ends of the segment conductors. Are connected, and the conductor end portions are annularly arranged in the circumferential direction at one coil end in the axial direction, constitute an N-row annular row, and at least a pair of the coil ends at the one axial coil end. In a stator of a rotating electrical machine in which an insulating member is annularly interposed between annular rows, the protrusion amount from the stator end surface of the slot liner is Hmm (for example, 3 mm), and the distance from the stator end surface of the coil bending start portion is When was the L mm (e.g. 1.5 mm), the H and L H ≧ L ≧ H / 2
It is characterized by the following relationship.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the stator of the rotary electric machine excellent in insulation can be provided. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will become apparent from the description of the following examples.

Sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the rotary electric machine apparatus containing the stator by the Example of this invention. The perspective view which shows the structure of the stator to which this invention is applied. It is a figure explaining the segment conductor of a stator coil, (a) is a figure which shows one segment conductor, (b) is a figure explaining the coil formation by a segment conductor, (c) is arrangement | positioning of the segment conductor in a slot FIG. The perspective view which shows the stator coil of a U phase. The cross-sectional perspective view which shows the welding side coil end part of a stator coil. The cross-sectional perspective view which shows the anti-welding side coil end part of a stator coil. The top view of the welding side coil end part of a stator coil (Example 1). The top view of the welding side coil end part of a stator coil (Example 2). The top view of the welding side coil end part of a stator coil (Example 3). The top view of the non-welding side coil end part of a stator coil. The block diagram which shows the structure of the vehicle carrying the rotary electric machine by this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In the following description, an electric motor used in a hybrid vehicle is used as an example of a rotating electric machine. In the following description, “axial direction” refers to a direction along the rotation axis of the rotating electrical machine. The circumferential direction refers to the direction along the rotational direction of the rotating electrical machine. The “radial direction” refers to a radial direction (radial direction) when the rotational axis of the rotating electrical machine is the center. “Inner circumference side” refers to the radially inner side (inner diameter side), and “outer circumference side” refers to the opposite direction, that is, the radially outer side (outer diameter side).

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a rotating electrical machine including a stator according to the present invention. The rotating electrical machine 10 includes a housing 50, a stator 20, a stator core 21, a stator coil 60, and a rotor 11.

  The stator 20 is fixed to the inner peripheral side of the housing 50. The rotor 11 is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral side of the stator 20. The housing 50 constitutes an outer casing of an electric motor that is formed into a cylindrical shape by cutting an iron-based material such as carbon steel, casting of cast steel or aluminum alloy, or pressing. The housing 50 is also referred to as a frame or a frame.

  A liquid cooling jacket 130 is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the housing 50. The inner peripheral wall of the liquid cooling jacket 130 and the outer peripheral wall of the housing 50 constitute a refrigerant passage 153 for a liquid refrigerant RF such as oil, and the refrigerant passage 153 is formed so as not to leak. The liquid cooling jacket 130 houses the bearings 144 and 145 and is also called a bearing bracket.

  In the case of direct liquid cooling, the refrigerant RF passes through the refrigerant passage 153 and flows out from the refrigerant outlets 154 and 155 toward the stator 20 to cool the stator 20.

  The stator 20 includes a stator core 21 and a stator coil 60. The stator core 21 is made by laminating thin sheets of silicon steel plates. The stator coil 60 is wound around a plurality of slots 15 provided in the inner peripheral portion of the stator core 21. Heat generated from the stator coil 60 is transferred to the liquid cooling jacket 130 via the stator core 21 and is radiated by the refrigerant RF flowing through the liquid cooling jacket 130.

  The rotor 11 includes a rotor iron core 12 and a rotating shaft 13. The rotor core 12 is made by laminating thin sheets of silicon steel plates. The rotating shaft 13 is fixed to the center of the rotor core 12. The rotating shaft 13 is rotatably held by bearings 144 and 145 attached to the liquid cooling jacket 130 and rotates at a predetermined position in the stator 20 at a position facing the stator 20. The rotor 11 is provided with a permanent magnet 18 and an end ring (not shown).

  In assembling the rotating electrical machine, the stator 20 is inserted into the housing 50 in advance and attached to the inner peripheral wall of the housing 50, and then the rotor 11 is inserted into the stator 20. Next, the rotating shaft 13 is assembled to the liquid cooling jacket 130 so that the bearings 144 and 145 are fitted.

  A detailed configuration of the main part of the stator 20 used in the rotating electrical machine 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The stator 20 includes a stator core 21 and a stator coil 60 wound around a plurality of slots 15 provided on the inner peripheral portion of the stator core. The stator coil 60 uses a conductor (copper wire in this embodiment) having a substantially rectangular cross section to improve the space factor in the slot, thereby improving the efficiency of the rotating electrical machine.

  The stator core 21 is formed with, for example, 72 slots 15 that open to the inner diameter side in the circumferential direction. A slot liner 302 is disposed in each slot 15 to ensure electrical insulation between the stator core 21 and the stator coil 60.

  The slot liner 302 is formed in a B shape or an S shape so as to wrap a copper wire.

  The winding method of the stator coil 60 will be briefly described with reference to FIG. A copper wire insulated by enamel or the like having a substantially rectangular cross section is formed into a substantially U-shaped segment conductor 28 having the anti-welding side coil end apex 28C as a turning point as shown in FIG. . At this time, the non-welding side coil end apex 28 </ b> C may be any shape that wraps around the conductor in a substantially U shape. That is, the shape is not limited to a shape in which the anti-welding side coil end apex 28C and the anti-welding side anti-welding side coil end conductor skew portion 28F form a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the radial direction as shown in FIG. For example, in a part of the anti-welding side coil end apex 28C, the conductor is substantially parallel to the end face of the stator core 21 (when viewed from the radial direction, the anti-welding side coil end apex 28C and the anti-welding side coil end The conductor slant portion 28F may have a substantially trapezoidal shape).

  The segment conductor 28 is inserted into the status lot from the axial direction. Connection is made as shown in FIG. 3B at another segment conductor 28 inserted at a predetermined slot away from the conductor end 28E (for example, by welding). At this time, the segment conductor 28 is formed with a conductor straight line portion 28S that is a portion inserted into the slot and a conductor skew portion 28D that is a portion inclined toward the conductor end portion 28E of the segment conductor to be connected. The 2, 4, 6... (Multiple of 2) segment conductors are inserted into the slots. FIG. 3C shows an example in which four segment conductors are inserted in one slot. However, since the cross section is a substantially rectangular conductor, the space factor in the slot can be improved, and the efficiency of the rotating electrical machine can be improved. improves.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram when the coil 40 for one phase (for example, U phase) is formed by repeating the connection operation of FIG. The coil 40 for one phase is configured such that the conductor end 28E gathers in one axial direction, and forms a welding side coil end 62 and an anti-welding side coil end 61 where the conductor end 28E gathers. In the coil 40 for one phase, a terminal for each phase (U-phase terminal 42U in the example of FIG. 4) is formed at one end, and a neutral wire 41 is formed at the other end.

  The detailed configuration of the welded portion (welding side coil end 62) of the stator 20 used in the rotating electrical machine 10 will be described with reference to FIG. The stator 20 includes a stator core 21 and a stator coil 60 wound around a plurality of slots 15 provided on the inner peripheral portion of the stator core. The stator coil 60 uses a coil having a substantially rectangular cross section, improves the space factor in the slot, and improves the efficiency of the rotating electrical machine. Insulating paper 300 is annularly arranged for insulation between the coils. Insulating paper 301 is annularly arranged for insulation between the welds.

  After the insulating paper is disposed, the whole stator coil is covered with a resin member to enhance insulation. Alternatively, the first resin member (for example, polyester or epoxy liquid varnish) is dropped on the whole or a part of the stator coil and cured. In order to reinforce the insulation of the welded portion, the vicinity of the welded portion may be covered with a second resin member (for example, an epoxy-based powder varnish).

  The detailed structure of the anti-welding part (anti-welding side coil end 61) of the stator 20 will be described with reference to FIG. The stator 20 includes a stator core 21 and a stator coil 60 wound around a plurality of slots 15 provided on the inner peripheral portion of the stator core. The stator coil 60 uses a coil having a substantially rectangular cross section, thereby improving the space factor in the slot and improving the efficiency of the rotating electrical machine. Insulating paper 301 is annularly arranged for insulation between the coils.

  FIG. 7 shows the protrusion amount H of the welding side coil end 62 from the stator end surface of the slot liner 302 and the distance L from the stator end surface of the coil bending start portion. In order to insulate between the stator end face and the stator coil 60, it is desirable that the slot liner 302 protrudes to some extent from the stator end face. In the figure, the shorter the distance L, the shorter the coil end and the smaller the stator. However, when L is short, the end portion of the slot liner is deformed, and a widened portion 302W is formed. Insulation is maintained if the deformation amount of this part is within the range of the extension amount of the insulating paper, but if the allowable value is exceeded, the insulating paper is broken.

The inventors set H ≧ L ≧ H / 2, preferably H to H and L, where Hmm is the amount of protrusion from the stator end surface of the slot liner, and Lmm is the distance from the stator end surface of the coil bending start portion. ≧ L ≧ H × (2/3)
It has been found that the tearing of the insulating paper can be prevented while reducing the height of the coil end.

  FIG. 7 shows an example in which H is 3 mm and L is 1.5 mm. This value is a limit value at which the insulating paper does not break. For example, it is confirmed that tearing occurs when L is 1.0 mm. ing. With this configuration, since the coil can be arranged at substantially the center of the slot, it is possible to reduce the concern about dielectric breakdown due to the slot edge that occurs when the coil approaches one side of the slot.

  FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the protruding amount H of the welding side coil end 62 from the stator end surface of the slot liner 302 is 3 mm and the distance L from the stator end surface of the coil bending start portion is 2 mm. Considering the manufacturing error of the coil and insulating paper, the assembly error of the coil, and the like, there is a possibility that tearing may occur at 1.5 mm, so this value is an ideal value in actual manufacturing.

  FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the amount H of protrusion of the welding side coil end 62 from the stator end surface of the slot liner 302 is 3 mm and the distance L from the stator end surface of the coil bending start portion is 3 mm. If this value is exceeded, there is no possibility of tearing the insulating paper, but since the coil end becomes large, there is no need for insulation performance that makes L longer than 3 mm.

  FIG. 10 shows the protrusion amount H from the stator end surface of the slot liner 302 of the coil end 61 on the anti-welding side and the distance L from the stator end surface of the coil bending start portion. The anti-welding side has the same relationship as the welding side. The shorter the distance L, the shorter the coil end and the smaller the stator. However, when L is short, the end portion of the slot liner is deformed and widened 302W. Is formed. Insulation is maintained if the deformation amount of this part is within the range of the extension amount of the insulating paper, but if the allowable value is exceeded, the insulating paper is broken. FIG. 10 shows an example in which H is 3 mm and L is 2 mm.

As described with reference to FIG. 10, the relationship between H and L is expressed as follows: H ≧ L ≧ H × (2/3)
If it sets so that it may become, the height of a coil end can be made still smaller compared with the case of H> = L> = H / 2.

  According to this configuration, since the slot liner is not torn, a rotating electrical machine that satisfies the insulation required for an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle can be obtained.

  In the above description, the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine has been described. However, since the feature of the present invention relates to the coil end welded portion of the stator, the rotor is not a permanent magnet type, but an induction type or synchronous type. It can also be applied to reluctance, claw pole type, and the like. In addition, the winding method is a wave winding method, but any winding method having similar characteristics can be applied. Next, the explanation is made with the inner rotation type, but the same applies to the outer rotation type.

  The configuration of the vehicle on which the rotating electrical machine 10 according to this embodiment is mounted will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a powertrain of a hybrid vehicle on the premise of four-wheel drive. An engine and a rotating electrical machine 10 are provided as main power on the front wheel side. The power generated by the engine and the rotating electrical machine 10 is shifted by the transmission and transmitted to the front wheel drive wheels. In driving the rear wheel, the rotating electrical machine 10 disposed on the rear wheel side and the rear wheel side driving wheel are mechanically connected to transmit power.

  The rotating electrical machine 10 starts the engine and switches between generation of driving force and generation of electric power for recovering energy at the time of vehicle deceleration as electric energy according to the running state of the vehicle. The driving and power generation operation of the rotating electrical machine 10 are controlled by the power converter so that the torque and the rotational speed are optimized in accordance with the driving situation of the vehicle. Electric power necessary for driving the rotating electrical machine 10 is supplied from the battery via the power converter. Further, when the rotating electrical machine 10 is in a power generation operation, the battery is charged with electrical energy via the power conversion device.

  Here, the rotating electrical machine 10 that is the power source on the front wheel side is disposed between the engine and the transmission, and has the configuration described with reference to FIGS. As the rotating electrical machine 10 that is a driving force source on the rear wheel side, the same one can be used, or a rotating electrical machine having another general configuration can be used. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to a hybrid system other than the four-wheel drive system.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a stator for a rotating electrical machine that has excellent insulation properties despite its small size and high output.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. In addition, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of the embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rotating electrical machine 11 Rotor 12 Rotor core 13 Rotating shaft 15 Slot 18 Permanent magnet 20 Stator 21 Stator iron core 28A Segment conductor 28B Segment conductor 28C Anti-welding side coil end vertex 28D Conductor skew part 28E Conductor end part 28F Conductor skew Row portion 28S Conductor linear portion 50 Housing 60 Stator coil 61 Anti-welding side coil end 62 Welding side coil end 130 Liquid cooling jacket 144 Bearing 145 Bearing 150 Refrigerant (oil) storage space 153 Refrigerant passage 154 Refrigerant outlet 155 Refrigerant outlet 300 Annular insulation Paper 301 Circular insulating paper 302 Slot liner 302W Slot liner deformation part 400 Coolant passage 401 Coolant pool RF Refrigerant H Amount of protrusion of the slot liner from the stator end face L Distance from the stator end face of the coil bending start part

Claims (5)

A stator core provided with a plurality of slots;
A stator coil provided in the slot,
Each of the slots is provided with N (where N is a positive even number) segment conductors;
The stator coil is configured by connecting a plurality of the segment conductors via a welded portion provided at a conductor end of each segment conductor,
The conductor end portions are annularly arranged in the circumferential direction at one coil end in the axial direction, and constitute an N-row annular row,
In the stator of the rotating electrical machine in which an insulating member is annularly interposed between at least a pair of the annular rows at one coil end in the axial direction,
When the distance from the stator end surface of the slot liner is Hmm and the distance from the stator end surface of the coil bending start portion is Lmm, H ≧ L ≧ H / 2
A stator of a rotating electric machine characterized by the following relationship: The stator of the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
At the coil end on the welding side or the coil end on the anti-welding side,
When the distance from the stator end surface of the slot liner is Hmm, and the distance from the stator end surface of the coil bending start portion is Lmm, H ≧ L ≧ H / 2
A stator of a rotating electric machine characterized by the following relationship: The stator of the rotating electrical machine according to claim 2,
At the coil end on the welding side or the coil end on the anti-welding side,
When the distance from the stator end surface of the slot liner is Hmm and the distance from the stator end surface of the coil bending start portion is Lmm, H ≧ L ≧ H × (2/3)
A stator of a rotating electric machine characterized by the following relationship: In the stator of the rotating electrical machine according to claim 2 or 3,
At the coil end on the welding side or the coil end on the anti-welding side,
A stator for a rotating electrical machine, wherein the amount of protrusion from the stator end face of the slot liner is about 3 mm, and the distance from the stator end face of the coil bending start portion is about 2 mm.   The rotary electric machine provided with the stator of the rotary electric machine as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4.