JP5975793B2 - Combustion pressure sensor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pressure sensor, and more particularly to a combustion pressure sensor that is attached to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and can detect the pressure in the combustion chamber.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device that is mounted on an internal combustion engine and detects a pressure in a combustion chamber, a device using a piezoelectric element as a pressure detection unit has been proposed. For example, a conventional pressure sensor described in Patent Document 1 will be described. In addition, in order to make it easy to understand, the names of parts are arranged in the present application within a range not departing from the gist of the invention. In the combustion pressure sensor, a diaphragm is sealed at the front end of a hollow cylindrical housing, a pressure transmission member and a rear electrode are disposed at the rear end of the diaphragm with a piezoelectric element interposed therebetween, and supported by a support member. And fixed in a state where a predetermined preload is applied. The combustion pressure sensor is configured to receive the pressure in the combustion chamber with a diaphragm, transmit the pressure to the piezoelectric element via a pressure transmission member, and detect a charge signal generated in the piezoelectric element by a detector via a lead pin and a receptacle. ing.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-227001 (FIG. 1)

  In the structure of the conventional combustion pressure sensor described in Patent Document 1, the diaphragm has a function of receiving the pressure in the combustion chamber and transmitting the pressure to the piezoelectric element. On the other hand, the combustion pressure sensor needs to apply a predetermined load (preload) to the piezoelectric element during assembly. However, in the conventional example, the diaphragm has a function of applying a preload. For this reason, the diaphragm needs to have rigidity higher than that required to receive the combustion pressure, and there is a risk that the accuracy may be reduced in receiving the combustion pressure and transmitting pressure to the piezoelectric element. There was concern that it could not be obtained.

(Object of invention)
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and is a combustion pressure that improves the pressure receiving sensitivity of the diaphragm, gives a high-precision preload to the piezoelectric element, and obtains a high-precision pressure signal. It is to provide a sensor.

The configuration of the combustion pressure sensor in the present invention is as follows.
In a combustion pressure sensor having a pressure detection unit that receives a combustion pressure in a combustion chamber and generates an electric signal, a signal processing unit that processes the detection signal, and a transmission unit that transmits the detection signal to the signal processing unit, the pressure detection unit Is a hollow cylindrical housing, a diaphragm disposed at the pressure-receiving end of the hollow cylindrical housing, a pressure transmission member that is axial in the housing and transmits the pressure of the diaphragm, and a rear of the pressure transmission member A piezoelectric element that contacts the end; a support member that supports the rear end of the piezoelectric element; and a pressure member that has one end fixed to the pressure transmission member and the other end fixed to the support member, and a cylindrical portion between the two fixed portions. is composed of a pressing member is characterized by having a load adjusting portion comprising a spring portion which is displaced in the plane direction and the axial direction of the cylindrical portion.

  As a result, the preload applied to the piezoelectric element has a function of applying a preload to the pressure member having one end fixed to the pressure transmission member and the other end fixed to the support member. It is not necessary to have the function to give. For this reason, the diaphragm only needs to have the rigidity necessary for receiving the combustion pressure and transmitting it to the pressure transmission member, thereby improving the pressure receiving sensitivity of the combustion pressure and obtaining a highly accurate pressure signal.

  In addition, since the pressure member has one end fixed to the pressure transmission member and the other end fixed to the support member, the space between the fixed portions is a cylindrical portion, and the cylindrical portion is used as a load adjusting portion. It is possible to make a wide spring portion for imparting. Therefore, a highly accurate preload can be applied to the piezoelectric element, sensitivity and linearity can be improved, and a highly accurate pressure signal can be obtained.

  Moreover, the load adjustment part provided in the pressurizing member may be a thin spring part.

  Thereby, by making the load adjustment part provided in the pressurizing member a thin spring part, a highly accurate preload can be given to the piezoelectric element, and a highly accurate pressure signal can be obtained.

  The load adjusting portion provided on the pressure member may be a spring portion including a plurality of notches and a plurality of plate portions positioned between the notches. Further, the load adjusting portion provided in the pressure member may be provided with a plurality of spring portions including a plurality of notches and a plurality of plate portions positioned between the notches in the axial direction.

  As a result, the load adjustment portion provided on the pressure member is a spring portion composed of a plurality of notches and a plurality of plate portions located between the notches, so that a highly accurate preload can be applied to the piezoelectric element. And a highly accurate pressure signal can be obtained.

  Moreover, the load adjustment part provided in the pressurizing member may be a coiled spring part.

  Thereby, by making the load adjustment part provided in the pressurizing member a coiled spring part, a highly accurate preload can be given to the piezoelectric element, and a highly accurate pressure signal can be obtained.

  Moreover, the load adjustment part provided in the pressurization member is good to be provided in the support member side from the center of a cylindrical part.

  Thereby, since the spring part provided in the pressurizing member is located away from the pressure receiving part, the temperature of the combustion chamber is hardly transmitted to the spring part. Therefore, the effect of the spring characteristics on heat is suppressed, and there is an effect of suppressing short-term temperature drift such as inter-cycle temperature drift, and a highly accurate pressure signal can be obtained.

  The diaphragm and the pressure transmission member may be configured integrally.

  As a result, the diaphragm and the pressure transmission member are integrated, and bounce and wear of the contact portion between the diaphragm and the pressure transmission member can be prevented, and a highly accurate and reliable pressure signal can be obtained.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the preload applied to the piezoelectric element has a function of applying a preload to the cylindrical pressure member having one end fixed to the pressure transmission member and the other end fixed to the support member. Therefore, it is not necessary to give the diaphragm a function of applying a preload, and the pressure receiving sensitivity of the diaphragm can be improved. Further, since the cylindrical portion of the pressure member is used as the load adjusting portion, the preload can be set with high accuracy for the piezoelectric element, and the sensitivity and linearity can be enhanced. As a result, a combustion pressure sensor capable of obtaining a highly accurate pressure signal can be provided.

It is a schematic block diagram of the internal combustion engine concerning the 1st-8th embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the A section of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of the conventional combustion pressure sensor to which the 1st-8th embodiment is applied. It is sectional drawing of the combustion pressure sensor by 1st Embodiment. It is an expanded sectional view of the pressure detection part of the combustion pressure sensor of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the assembly procedure of the pressure detection part of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the pressure detection part of the combustion pressure sensor by a 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the assembly procedure of the pressure detection part of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the pressure detection part of the combustion pressure sensor by a 3rd embodiment. It is an expanded sectional view of the pressure detection part of the combustion pressure sensor by a 4th embodiment. It is an expanded sectional view of the pressure detection part of the combustion pressure sensor by a 5th embodiment. It is an expanded sectional view of the pressure detection part of the combustion pressure sensor by a 6th embodiment. It is an expanded sectional view of the pressure detection part of the combustion pressure sensor by a 7th embodiment. It is an expanded sectional view of the pressure detection part of the combustion pressure sensor by an 8th embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies a combustion pressure sensor for embodying the idea of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following configuration. In particular, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in the embodiments are merely illustrative examples and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified. Absent. In addition, the size and positional relationship of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. In the following description, the same parts and components are denoted by the same names and reference numerals, and detailed description may be omitted as appropriate.

[Features of each embodiment]
A feature of the first embodiment is a basic configuration example of the present invention. In a pressure detection unit of a combustion pressure sensor used in an internal combustion engine or the like, one end is fixed to a pressure transmission member and the other end is a support member. This is a combustion pressure sensor configured to have a function of applying a preload to a cylindrical pressure member fixed to the cylinder, and not having a function of applying a preload to the diaphragm. The second embodiment is a combustion pressure sensor in which the diaphragm and the pressure transmission member are integrated to prevent bounce and wear of the contact portion. The third to eighth embodiments are combustion pressure sensors in which various types of spring structures are formed on the pressure member.

[Explanation regarding schematic configuration of conventional combustion pressure sensor attached to internal combustion engine and configuration of combustion pressure sensor to which each embodiment of present invention is applied: FIGS. 1 to 3]
First, a schematic configuration in which a conventional combustion pressure sensor is attached to a general internal combustion engine will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an internal combustion engine in which the combustion pressure sensor of the present invention is incorporated. The internal combustion engine 1 includes a cylinder block 2 having a cylinder 2a, a piston 3 that reciprocates in the cylinder 2a, and a cylinder head 4 that is fastened to the cylinder block 2 and forms a combustion chamber C together with the cylinder 2a and the piston. .

  Further, when the internal combustion engine 1 is a gasoline engine or the like, usually, an ignition plug (not shown) that is attached to the cylinder head 4 to explode the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber C and a combustion chamber that is attached to the cylinder head 4. Although an injector (not shown) for injecting fuel is provided in C, description thereof is omitted here. The internal combustion engine 1 is equipped with a combustion pressure sensor 5 provided for detecting the pressure in the combustion chamber. The cylinder head 4 is provided with a communication hole 4a for connecting the combustion chamber C for mounting the combustion pressure sensor 5 to the outside, and the combustion pressure sensor 5 is attached in a penetrating manner.

  The combustion pressure sensor 5 is clamped and fixed by a screw formed in a communication hole, which will be described later, together with a seal member 7 interposed between the cylinder head 4 and maintaining airtightness in the combustion chamber C. A transmission cable 8 for transmitting a pressure signal detected by the combustion pressure sensor 5 and a control device 6 for processing the sent pressure signal and instructing the internal combustion engine 1 to perform appropriate control are provided.

  Next, a configuration for attaching the combustion pressure sensor of each embodiment of the present invention to the cylinder head 4 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 (an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. 1). In FIG. 2, the cylinder head 4 is formed with a communication hole 4a for communicating the combustion chamber C with the outside. From the combustion chamber C side, the shape of the communication hole 4a is the first hole 4b, the inclined part 4c whose diameter gradually increases from the hole diameter of the first hole 4b, and the first hole 4b. And a second hole portion 4d larger than the hole diameter. A female threaded part 4e is formed in the surrounding hole wall forming the second hole part 4d, and a male thread 332a formed in the housing 32 of the combustion pressure sensor 5 is screwed into the first sealing member. Fastened together with 71.

  The combustion pressure sensor 5 has a pressure detecting portion 100 at the tip thereof as a pressure receiving portion, and a position where the diaphragm 40 faces the combustion chamber C in the first hole portion 4b of the communication hole 4a provided in the cylinder head 4 described above. Inserted and fixed. At this time, the second seal member is provided between the contact portion 315a of the pressure detection portion of the combustion pressure sensor 5 (the outer peripheral portion of the housing 31 described later) and the inclined portion 4c of the communication hole 4a formed in the cylinder head 4. 72 is inserted and fastened together with the first seal member 71 described above. Thereby, airtightness can be maintained so that air-fuel mixture and combustion gas do not leak from the combustion chamber C side.

  Further, in the combustion pressure sensor 5, a hexagonal screw part 334 is formed on the outer side of the cylinder head 4, a holding member 300 is fixed on the upper part thereof, and further on that part is a part of the signal processing part 200. The connector part 233 is exposed. Further, a transmission cable 8 for transmitting a pressure signal to the control device 6 is connected by a connector 8a. Further, a hook provided on the connector 8a is engaged with and fixed to a hole 233a formed in the connector portion 233.

  Next, the whole structure of the combustion pressure sensor to which each embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a combustion pressure sensor to which each embodiment of the present invention is applied, and each part is disassembled for each element.

  The combustion pressure sensor 5 to which each embodiment of the present invention is applied includes a pressure detection unit 100 having a piezoelectric element that changes the combustion pressure generated in the combustion chamber C into an electrical signal, and signal processing for processing a signal from the pressure detection unit 100. Part 200. The detailed configuration of each unit will be described in an embodiment described later. Further, in the following description, the diaphragm 40 side located at the left end in FIG. 3 is called the front end side of the combustion pressure sensor 5, and the signal processing unit 200 side on the right end side is called the rear end side of the combustion pressure sensor 5. The center line direction is simply referred to as the center line direction.

[First Embodiment]
The configuration and assembly procedure of the combustion pressure sensor 5 s of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the combustion pressure sensor 5s of the first embodiment, FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pressure detection unit 100 of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an assembly procedure of the pressure detection unit 100. It is.
[Description of Pressure Detection Unit 100: FIGS. 4 and 5]
First, the configuration of the pressure detection unit 100 will be described. The pressure detection unit 100 is formed in the direction of the center line of the diaphragm, a housing 31 that serves as a frame of the pressure detection unit, a diaphragm 40 that is provided so as to close the opening on the distal end side of the housing 31 and that the pressure of the combustion chamber C acts on. The pressure transmission member 50 that contacts the rear end surface of the projecting portion 42a that transmits pressure from the diaphragm, the piezoelectric element 10 that contacts the pressure transmission member 50 and receives electric pressure from the pressure transmission member 50, and the piezoelectric element 10 A second electrode portion 55 that receives the generated electric charge as an electrical signal (the first electrode portion will be described later), an insulating ring 60 that supports and insulates the second electrode 55, and an insulating ring 60. The support member 65 includes a pressure member 80A having one end fixed to the pressure transmission member 50 and the other end fixed to the support member 65, and a space between the fixed portions formed in a cylindrical shape.

  Further, the support member 65 fixes the pressure member 80A on the outer periphery on the front end side, and is fitted (press-fit) on the inner periphery on the rear end side of the housing 31 with the outer periphery on the rear end side, which will be described later. It is fixed more firmly by welding. Further, the diaphragm 40 is fitted (press-fitted) with the fitting portion 41a to the inner peripheral portion on the distal end side of the housing 31 with an interference fit, and is fixed more firmly by welding.

  Further, when the pressure member 80A is fixed to the pressure transmission member 50 at one end and the support member 65 at the other end, the piezoelectric element 10 housed in the pressure member has a pressure transmission disposed on the tip side. It fixes in the state which applied the predetermined preload in the state pinched | interposed between the member 50, the 2nd electrode 55 arrange | positioned at the rear-end side, and the insulating ring 60. FIG. Further, when the support member 65 described above is fixed to the inner periphery of the rear end side of the housing 31, the contact surface of the pressure transmission member 50 is set to be predetermined with respect to the rear end surface 42c of the protruding portion 42a formed on the diaphragm 40. After fixing to the position of, fix. With this configuration, the pressure detection unit 100 is unitized. Next, the outer peripheral portion of the unitized pressure detection unit 100 is fitted (press-fitted) into the hole 321 at the distal end of the housing 32 with an interference fit, and is further firmly fixed by welding. At this time, the rear end surface 315 b of the ring-shaped protrusion 315 formed on the outer peripheral portion of the housing 31 constituting the pressure detection unit 100 is abutted against the end surface of the housing 32 and positioned.

[Description of Diaphragm 40: FIG. 5]
The diaphragm 40 has a cylindrical cylindrical portion 41 and an inner portion 42 formed inside thereof. The rear end portion of the cylindrical portion 41 is fitted (press-fitted) into the hole at the front end portion of the housing 31 with an interference fit, and an entry portion 41a that enters the hole at the front end portion, and an abutment surface 41b that abuts against the housing end surface 31a have. The inner portion 42 is a thin disc-shaped member provided so as to close the opening on the front end side of the cylindrical portion 41, and a protruding portion 42a protruding from this surface toward the piezoelectric element 10 is provided at the center of the rear end surface. Is provided.

  Further, a concave portion 42b is provided at the center of the front end surface of the inner portion 42. The material of the diaphragm 40 is preferably made of an alloy having high elasticity and excellent durability, heat resistance, touch resistance, and the like because it exists in the combustion chamber C that is high temperature and high pressure. It is good to comprise using SUH660. Further, after the diaphragm 40 and the housing 31 are fitted, they are further firmly fixed by welding.

[Description of housing 31: FIG. 5]
The housing 31 is a cylindrical member, and a protruding portion 315 is provided in a ring shape on the outer peripheral surface. The protruding portion 315 has an inclined surface 315a whose diameter gradually increases from the front end side to the rear end side, and has a vertical surface 315b at the rear end portion. The inner peripheral surface on the front end side of the housing 31 accommodates the piezoelectric element portion, the inner peripheral surface on the rear end side is fitted (press-fit) with the outer peripheral surface of the support member 65, and is firmly fixed by welding. Is done. Further, the outer peripheral surface of the central portion of the housing 31 is fitted (press-fitted) into the hole 321 on the front end side of the housing 32 described later with an interference fit, and is firmly fixed by welding.

[Description of housing 32: FIGS. 3, 4, and 5]
The casing 32 is formed therein with a cylindrical hole 320 formed so that the diameter is gradually changed from the front end side to the rear end side, and the outer diameter is gradually increased from the front end side to the rear end side. An outer peripheral surface 330 formed differently is formed. The hole 321 at the front end of the housing 32 is set to be equal to or smaller than the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the housing 31 so that the outer peripheral surface of the central portion of the housing 31 can be fitted (press-fitted) with an interference fit.

  The outer peripheral surface 330 is composed of five outer peripheral surfaces from the front end side to the rear end side. The first outer peripheral surface 331 corresponds to the protruding portion 315 of the housing 31, and a male screw 332 a that is screwed into the female screw 4 e of the cylinder head 4 is formed at the distal end portion of the second outer peripheral surface 332. A first seal member 71 described later is fitted into the third outer peripheral surface 333, and a hexagonal nut portion is formed on the rear end side of the fourth outer peripheral surface 334, and the combustion pressure sensor is connected to the cylinder head 4. Used when tightening. A groove 335a is formed on the fifth outer peripheral surface 335 over the entire circumference.

  In addition, the holes 320 formed in the housing 32 in stages correspond to the outer peripheral surfaces 240 formed so as to have different diameters from the front end side to the rear end side formed in the insulating member 23 described later. It is supposed to be. The hole 325 on the rear end side of the housing 32 is provided with a contact surface 340 with which the end surface on the front end side of the substrate covering portion of the insulating member 23 abuts. The abutting surface 340 is formed with a pin hole 340a into which a first connection pin 21b described later is inserted.

  Since the housing 31 and the housing 32 are disposed in the vicinity of the combustion chamber C, it is desirable to manufacture the housing 31 and the housing 32 using a material that can withstand at least a use temperature environment of −40 to 350 [° C.]. Specifically, a stainless steel material having high heat resistance, for example, JIS standard SUS630, SUS316, SUS430 or the like may be used.

[Description of Pressure Transmission Member 50: FIG. 5]
The pressure transmission member 50 is a columnar member, and a chamfered portion is formed on the outer periphery on the distal end side. The end surface 50 a on the front end side is in contact with the protruding portion 42 a of the diaphragm 40, and the end surface on the rear end side is in contact with the end surface 10 a on the front end side of the piezoelectric element 10. The outer peripheral surface is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the pressure member 80 </ b> A, and the end surface on the front end side comes into contact with the protruding portion 42 a of the diaphragm 40, so that the front end portion of the piezoelectric element 10 is electrically connected to the housing 31. For this reason, the pressure transmission member 50 also serves as the first electrode portion. The pressure transmission member 50 applies the pressure in the combustion chamber C to the piezoelectric element 10, and is formed in such a size that the end surface on the rear end side of the pressure transmission member 50 can press the entire surface of the piezoelectric element 10. ing. Further, the pressure transmission member 50 is formed so that both end faces are parallel (perpendicular to the center line direction) and smooth so that the pressure transmitted from the diaphragm 40 is applied to the piezoelectric element 10 uniformly. As a material of the pressure transmission member 50, it is preferable to use stainless steel.

[Description of Piezoelectric Element 10: FIG. 5]
The piezoelectric element 10 has a piezoelectric body that exhibits the piezoelectric action of the piezoelectric longitudinal effect. The piezoelectric longitudinal effect refers to the action of generating charges on the surface of the piezoelectric body in the direction of the charge generation axis when an external force is applied to the stress application axis in the same direction as the charge generation axis of the piezoelectric body. The piezoelectric element 10 according to the present embodiment is housed in the housing 31 so that the center line direction is the direction of the stress application axis.

  The piezoelectric element 10 may be configured using a piezoelectric lateral effect. The piezoelectric transverse effect is an action in which charges are generated on the surface of the piezoelectric body in the direction of the charge generation axis when an external force is applied to the stress application axis at a position orthogonal to the charge generation axis of the piezoelectric body. A plurality of thinly formed piezoelectric bodies may be laminated, and by laminating in this way, the charge generated in the piezoelectric bodies can be efficiently collected to increase the sensitivity of the sensor. As the piezoelectric single crystal, a langasite crystal (a langasite, a langagate, a langanite, LGTA) having a piezoelectric longitudinal effect and a piezoelectric transverse effect, quartz, gallium phosphate, or the like may be used. In the piezoelectric element 10 of this embodiment, a langasite single crystal is used as the piezoelectric body.

[Description of Second Electrode Section 55: FIG. 5]
The second electrode portion 55 is a columnar member, and is disposed such that the end surface on the front end side is in contact with the end surface on the rear end side in the piezoelectric element 10 and the end surface on the rear end side is in contact with the insulating ring 60. Yes. A columnar projecting portion 55 a that projects from the end surface to the rear end side is provided on the end surface on the rear end side of the second electrode portion 55. The protrusion 55a has a base end portion on the end face side and a tip end portion having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the base end portion. The outer diameter of the base end portion of the protruding portion 55a is set smaller than the inner diameter of the insulating ring 60, and the length of the protruding portion 55a is longer than the width of the insulating ring 60 so that the protruding portion 55a is exposed from the insulating ring 60. Yes.

  The second electrode portion 55 is a member that acts to apply a certain load to the piezoelectric element 10 with the pressure transmission member 50, and the end face on the piezoelectric element 10 side is the end face of the piezoelectric element 10. It is formed in such a size that the entire surface can be pressed, and is formed in a parallel and smooth surface. The outer diameter of the second electrode portion 55 is set to be smaller than the inner peripheral hole diameter of the pressure member 80A, which will be described later, and the outer peripheral surface of the second electrode portion 55 and the inner peripheral surface of the pressure member 80A. There is a gap between them so that they do not come into electrical contact. As a material of the second electrode portion 55, stainless steel may be used.

[Description of Insulating Ring 60: FIG. 5]
The insulating ring 60 is a cylindrical member formed of alumina ceramic or the like, and the inner diameter (hole diameter at the center) is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the base end portion of the protruding portion 55a of the second electrode portion 55, The outer diameter is set to a diameter slightly smaller than the inner peripheral hole diameter of the pressure member 80A. The second electrode portion 55 is configured to be concentric with the inner periphery of the pressurizing member 80 </ b> A by the protruding portion 55 a being inserted into the hole in the central portion of the insulating ring 60.

[Description of Support Member 65: FIG. 5]
The support member 65 is a cylindrical member in which a plurality of holes having different diameters are formed inside from the front end side to the rear end side, and the outer peripheral surface also has a plurality of outer peripheries. The hole includes a first hole formed in order from the front end side to the rear end side, and a second hole having a larger hole diameter than the hole diameter of the first hole. The diameter of the first hole is larger than the outer diameter of the base end portion of the projecting portion 55 a of the second electrode portion 55, and the distal end portion of the projecting portion 55 a is exposed to the second hole of the support member 65. The hole diameter of the second hole is larger than the outer diameter of the distal end portion having the insertion hole 22a of the coil spring 70 in the conductive member 22 of the signal processing unit 200 described later. Further, the hole diameter of the second hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the end 23a of the insulating member 23 of the signal processing unit 200 described later, and the end 23a of the insulating member 23 is fitted into the second hole with an interference fit. (Press-fit) Thereby, the support member 65 functions as a member that supports the tip portion of the insulating member 23.

  Further, the outer peripheral surface of the support member 65 has three outer peripheral surfaces having different diameters, and the first outer peripheral surface on the distal end side is a relief portion when the pressure member 80A is fixed. Further, the second outer peripheral surface forms a ring-shaped protrusion 65a, and the outer periphery is for fitting the pressurizing member 80A, which is larger than the inner peripheral surface of the pressurizing member 80A, and the pressurizing member 80A is tight. It is fitted (press-fit) with a fit. At this time, the ring-shaped protrusion 80d on the rear end side of the pressure member 80A is hooked and positioned by the ring-shaped protrusion 65a of the support member 65. The third outer peripheral surface is fitted to the inner periphery on the rear end side of the housing 31 and fixed by welding. The support member 65 is preferably made of stainless steel.

[Description of Pressurizing Member 80A: FIGS. 5A and 5B]
The pressure member 80A is a cylindrical member that covers the outer periphery of the pressure transmission member 50, the piezoelectric element 10, the second electrode portion 55, the insulating ring 60, the support member 65, and the like. 80d, a cylindrical part 80c, and a ring-shaped protrusion 80d on the rear end side. The cylindrical portion 80a is fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the pressure transmission member 50 and is fixed by welding. The cylindrical portion 80b is a thin spring portion for applying a preload to the piezoelectric element 10. Further, a part of the cylindrical portion 80 c is fitted with a ring-shaped protrusion 65 a formed on the support member 65. Further, the cylindrical portion 80d of the pressure member 80A is hooked and positioned with respect to the ring-shaped protrusion 65a of the support member 65. The material of the pressure member is preferably made of stainless steel.

[Description of Coil Spring 70: FIG. 5]
The coil spring 70 has an inner diameter that is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tip of the protruding portion 55a of the second electrode portion 55, and the outer diameter is smaller than the diameter of the insertion hole 22a of the conductive member 22 described later. The tip of the protruding portion 55 a of the second electrode portion 55 is inserted into the coil spring 70 by light press-fitting, and the coil spring 70 is inserted into the insertion hole 22 a of the conductive member 22. The length of the coil spring 70 is set so as to be compressed between the second electrode portion 55 and the insertion hole 22 a, and conducts the pressure signal from the piezoelectric element 10 to the conductive member 22. The material of the coil spring 70 is preferably made of an alloy having high elasticity and excellent durability, heat resistance, touch resistance, etc., and having a surface plated with gold to enhance electrical conductivity.

[Description of Signal Processing Unit 200: FIG. 4]
Next, the signal processing unit 200 will be described. The signal processing unit 200 includes a circuit board unit 21 that at least amplifies an electric signal that is a weak charge obtained from the piezoelectric element 10 of the pressure detection unit 100, and a rod shape that guides the charge generated in the piezoelectric element 10 to the circuit board unit 21. A conductive member 22, an insulating member 23 that covers the circuit board portion 21, the conductive member 22, and the like, and an O-ring 24 that seals the circuit board portion 21 and the like.

[Description of Circuit Board Part 21: FIG. 4]
The circuit board unit 21 includes a printed wiring board 210 on which electronic components and the like constituting a circuit for amplifying a weak charge obtained from the piezoelectric element 10 of the pressure detection unit 100 are mounted. The front end side of the printed wiring board 210 is connected by soldering or the like in order to electrically connect the rear end portion 22b of the conductive member 22. The first connection pin 21b for grounding is connected by soldering or the like. In addition, three second connection pins 21c that are electrically connected to the control device 6 via the connector 8a at the front end of the transmission cable 8 are connected to the rear end of the printed wiring board 210 by soldering or the like. ing. The three second connection pins 21 c are used for supplying a power supply voltage and a GND voltage from the control device 6 to the printed wiring board 210 and for supplying an output voltage from the printed wiring board 210 to the control device 6, respectively.

[Description of Conductive Member 22: FIG. 4]
The conductive member 22 is a rod-shaped member, and an insertion hole 22a into which the coil spring 70 inserted into the distal end portion of the protruding portion 55a of the second electrode portion 55 is inserted is formed at the distal end portion. The rear end portion 22 b of the conductive member 22 is directly electrically connected to the printed wiring board 210 of the circuit board portion 21. The material of the conductive member 22 may be configured using brass, beryllium copper, or the like. In this case, brass is desirable from the viewpoint of workability and cost. On the other hand, beryllium copper is desirable from the viewpoints of electrical conductivity, high temperature strength, and reliability.

[Description of Insulating Member 23: FIG. 4]
The insulating member 23 includes a conductive member covering portion 231 that covers the outer periphery of the conductive member 22, a substrate covering portion 232 that covers the side and bottom surfaces of the printed wiring board 210 of the circuit board portion 21, and a second connected to the printed wiring board 210. And a connector portion 233 into which the connector 8a at the tip of the transmission cable 8 is fitted. (Figure 2)

  The conductive member covering portion 231 covers the center line direction so as to expose the front end portion of the conductive member 22, and an outer peripheral surface 240 formed so that the diameter gradually changes from the front end side to the rear end side. Is provided. The outer peripheral surface 240 has a first outer peripheral surface 241, a second outer peripheral surface 242 having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first outer peripheral surface 241, and a second outer peripheral surface 242 from the front end side to the rear end side. A third outer peripheral surface 243 having an outer diameter larger than that of the third outer peripheral surface, and a fourth outer peripheral surface 244 having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the third outer peripheral surface 243.

  The diameter of the first outer peripheral surface 241 is larger than the hole diameter of the second hole of the support member 65, and the distal end portion of the conductive member covering portion 231 is stuck to the surrounding wall forming the second hole of the support member 65. It is fitted (press-fit) with a fit. The diameter of the second outer peripheral surface 242 is formed smaller than the hole diameter of the second hole of the housing 32, and the diameter of the third outer peripheral surface 243 is larger than the hole diameter of the third hole of the housing 32. It is formed small. In addition, the diameter of the fourth outer peripheral surface 244 is larger than the diameter of the fourth hole of the casing 32, and the rear end portion of the conductive member covering portion 231 forms the fourth hole of the casing 32. It is fitted (press-fit) to the surrounding wall with an interference fit.

  As a result, the conductive member covering portion 231 has a poor vibration environment because at least both ends in the center line direction are fitted (press-fit) to the support member 65 and the housing 32 with an interference fit. In addition, the adverse effect on the conductive member 22 can be suppressed, and disconnection of the connecting portion of the conductive member 22 and poor contact due to vibration can be avoided.

  The substrate covering portion 232 is a cylindrical portion, and a rectangular opening 232a for installing the printed wiring board 210 therein is provided on the side surface thereof. A ring-shaped groove 232b for the O-ring 24 for sealing the inside of the casing 32 and the printed wiring board 210 installation portion is formed on the rear end side of the substrate covering portion 232.

  The connector portion 233 is a thin portion that protrudes from the end face on the rear end side of the substrate covering portion 232 and is formed so as to cover the periphery of the three second connection pins 21 c connected to the printed wiring board 210. The rear end portion of the connector portion 233 is open, and the connector 8a provided at the front end portion of the transmission cable 8 can be received inside. Further, a hole 233a is formed on the rear end side of the connector portion 233, and a hook provided on the connector 8a of the transmission cable 8 is engaged with the hole 233a, whereby the connector 8a of the transmission cable 8 is connected to the connector 233. It is possible to prevent the unit 233 from falling off. (Fig. 2, Fig. 4)

  The insulating member 23 configured as described above is formed of an insulating material such as resin. The insulating member 23 includes a conductive member 22, a first connection pin 21b, and three second connection pins 21c. The insulating member 23 may be formed (insert molded) by pressing heated resin into a mold in which the conductive member 22, the first connection pin 21b, and the three second connection pins 21c are set.

  In unitizing the signal processing unit 200, the printed wiring board 210 in which circuit components are mounted on the circuit board unit 21 is inserted under the connection pins described above from the opening 232 a of the molded insulating member 23. It fixes to the predetermined position of the board | substrate coating | coated part 232 with a screw | thread etc. (not shown). Next, the tips of the first connection pins 21b, the three second connection pins 21c, and the tips of the conductive members 22 are fixed to the pattern portion of the printed wiring board 210 by soldering or the like. Further, the O-ring 24 is attached to the ring-shaped groove 232 b of the substrate covering portion 232 of the insulating member 23. The O-ring 24 may be configured using fluorine-based rubber.

[Description of Holding Member 300: FIGS. 3 and 4]
Next, the holding member 300 will be described. The holding member 300 is a thin cylindrical member, and is provided with a protruding portion 300a protruding inward from the inner peripheral surface at the rear end portion. After the holding member 300 is mounted on the housing 32, the holding member 300 is caulked by pressurizing a portion corresponding to the concave portion 335 a provided in the fifth outer peripheral surface 335 from the outside. Thereby, the holding member 300 is fixed with respect to the housing | casing 32, and it can suppress that the signal processing part 200 loosens with respect to the housing | casing 32. FIG. At the same time, the circuit board unit 21 is protected by being electrically connected (GND).

[Description of Assembly Procedure of Combustion Pressure Sensor 5s: FIGS. 4, 5, and 6]
An assembling procedure of the combustion pressure sensor 5s configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 6A shows an assembly procedure of the piezoelectric element unit inside the pressure detection unit 100, FIG. 6B shows an assembly procedure of the pressure detection unit 100, and FIG. The procedure for assembling the pressure detection unit 100 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, the welded portion is marked with “●” for convenience, but does not indicate the actual shape, but merely indicates the “welded portion”. The same applies to the following description.

[Description of Assembly Procedure of Pressure Detection Unit 100: FIGS. 6 (a), (b), (c)]
First, in the step of FIG. 6A, the pressure member 80 </ b> A is attached to the support member 65. The cylindrical portion of the pressure member 80A is passed from the rear end side of the support member 65. At this time, the ring-shaped protrusion 65a formed on the outer periphery of the support member 65 is pushed in until the ring-shaped protrusion 80d formed on the inner periphery of the pressure member 80A is hooked. The outer diameter of the ring-shaped protrusion 65a formed on the support member 65 is larger than the inner diameter of the corresponding pressure member 80A and is fitted (press-fit) with an interference fit. Next, the insulating ring 60, the second electrode portion 55, the piezoelectric element 10, and the pressure transmission member 50 are inserted in this order from the distal end side of the pressure member 80A.

  Next, a preload is applied to increase the sensitivity and linearity of the piezoelectric element 10. In this case, an assembly jig (not shown) may be used. Set the aforementioned assembly on the assembly jig. Next, a predetermined load is applied to the support member 65 and the pressure transmission member 50 in a direction in which the support member 65 and the pressure transmission member 50 are pressed against each other in the center line direction, and at the same time, the thin spring portion 80b formed in the central portion of the pressure member 80A (FIG. 5). Using the step (see (b)), a load is applied in the direction (center line direction) in which the pressure member 80A is extended. When the amount of displacement in the center line direction of the pressure member 80A reaches a predetermined length, the engaging portion between the tubular portion 80a of the pressure member 80A and the pressure transmission member 50 is fixed (welding 1). Thereby, a piezoelectric element part is assembled.

  As a fixing method, a method of irradiating a laser beam over the circumference from the outside of the pressing member 80A toward the center line direction may be adopted. The laser beam may be irradiated on the entire circumference, or spot irradiation may be performed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The same applies to the following description of the welded portion. Further, as a method of applying a load in the direction in which the pressure member 80A is extended (center line direction), the step of the thin plate spring portion 80b formed on the pressure member 80A is used, but a dedicated groove is formed in the cylindrical portion 80a. Or you may use by providing a notch. As a result, a preload acts on the piezoelectric element 10 and is fixed.

  Next, in the step of FIG. 6B, the above-described piezoelectric element portion is assembled in the housing 31. The piezoelectric element portion is inserted from the front end side of the housing 31 to the innermost end. Next, the diaphragm 40 is fitted (press-fitted) into the front end portion 31a of the housing 31 with an interference fit using the entry portion 41a as a guide. Next, the engaging portion is fixed in a state where the front end portion 31a of the housing 31 is in contact with the abutting surface 41b of the diaphragm (welding 2). Next, the piezoelectric element part temporarily assembled in the housing 31 is pushed from the rear end surface side of the support member 65 toward the front end surface side (D direction). The amount of displacement of the inner portion 42 of the diaphragm 40 is measured, and the housing 31 and the support member 65 are fixed when the projecting portion 42c of the diaphragm 40 and the abutting surface of the pressure transmission member 50 abut (welding 3). Thereby, a pressure detection part is assembled.

  Next, in step (c) of FIG. 6, the pressure detection unit assembled in step (b) is assembled to the housing 32. Here, the coil spring 70 is assembled in advance to the protruding portion 55a formed in the second electrode portion. Next, the second outer peripheral portion of the housing 31 of the pressure detection unit assembled in the step (b) is inserted into the hole portion 321 of the housing 32, and fitted (press-fit) with an interference fit. The assembly in the step (b) is fixed in a state where the rear end surface 315b of the projection 315 of the housing 31 is in contact with the front end surface of the housing 32 (welding 4). Thereby, the pressure detection unit 100 is completed.

[Description of Assembly Procedure of Signal Processing Unit 200: FIGS. 4 and 5]
Next, the signal processing unit 200 is inserted into the housing 32. The leading end portion 23a of the insulating member 23 is fitted (press-fitted) into the second hole of the support member 65 with an interference fit, and at the same time, the coil spring 70 assembled to the protruding portion 55a formed in the second electrode portion is a conductive member. 22 is inserted into a hole 22 a provided in the hole 22 a. On the other hand, the first connection pin 21b is fitted (press-fitted) into the pin hole 340a formed on the abutting surface 340a of the housing 32 with an interference fit. Next, the insulating member 23 is fitted into the holding member 300 from the rear end surface side. The holding member 300 is stopped in a state where the rear end surface 300 a abuts against the end surface 232 c of the substrate covering portion 232. Next, the corresponding portion of the holding member 300 is caulked in a ring shape with respect to the concave portion 335 a formed at the rear end portion of the housing 32. Thereby, the signal processing unit 200 is fixed to the housing 32, and the combustion pressure sensor 5s that does not loosen due to vibration or the like is completed.

[Electric Connection Configuration and Operation of Combustion Pressure Sensor 5s: FIGS. 4 and 5]
Next, the electrical connection configuration and operation of the combustion pressure sensor 5s will be described. The end face 10a on the distal end side of the piezoelectric element 10 is made of a metal housing via the metal pressure transmission member 50 and the metal diaphragm 40 (or via the metal pressure member 80A and the support member 65). 31 is electrically connected. In the signal processing unit 200, if the first connection pin 21b is stuck in the pin hole 340a provided in the contact surface 340 of the housing 32 electrically connected to the metal housing 31 by welding. Therefore, the GND of the printed wiring board 210 is grounded to the housing 32.

  On the other hand, the end face on the rear end side of the piezoelectric element 10 is soldered to the printed wiring board 210 from the metal second electrode portion 55 and the protruding portion 55a via the coil spring 70 and the metal conductive member 22, and is electrically connected. Connected to. The second electrode portion 55 and the protruding portion 55a are electrically insulated from the surrounding support member 65 by an insulating ring 60 made of an insulator, and are also separated from the inner peripheral surface of the pressure member 80A. Are electrically insulated. In this example, the side surface of the piezoelectric element 10 and the inner wall surface of the housing 30 are in contact with each other, but the resistance value is extremely large because the piezoelectric element 10 is made of an insulator, The electric charge generated with the pressure change is generated at both ends of the piezoelectric element 10 in the center line direction, so that there is no particular problem.

  When the combustion pressure sensor 5s configured as described above is attached to the cylinder head 4 (see FIG. 2), the housing 32 has a female screw portion provided in the communication hole 4a of the cylinder head from its male screw portion 332a. It is electrically connected to the cylinder head 4 through 4e and is grounded to the vehicle body. When the internal combustion engine 1 operates, the combustion pressure generated in the combustion chamber C acts on the diaphragm 40 at the tip of the combustion pressure sensor 5s, acts on the piezoelectric element 10 via the pressure transmission member 50, and corresponds to the combustion pressure. Charge is generated. The electric charge generated in the piezoelectric element 10 is supplied to the circuit board unit 21 and amplified in the circuit board unit 21, and a voltage corresponding to the electric charge is supplied to the control device 6 via the second connection pin 21 c and the transmission cable 8. To be supplied.

[Effect of combustion pressure sensor 5s]
According to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(Effect 1)
The preload applied to the piezoelectric element is such that one end is fixed to the pressure transmission member, the other end is fixed to the support member, and the pressure member made of a cylindrical portion has a function of applying a preload between the two fixing portions. Therefore, it is not necessary to give the diaphragm a function of preloading. As a result, the diaphragm only needs to have rigidity necessary for receiving the combustion pressure and transmitting it to the pressure transmission member, thereby improving the pressure receiving sensitivity of the combustion pressure and obtaining a highly accurate pressure signal.
(Effect 2)
One end of the pressure member is fixed to the pressure transmission member and the other end is fixed to the support member. The space between the fixed parts is a cylindrical part, and the cylindrical part is used as a load adjustment part. it can. Thereby, a spring having a small load change with respect to a change in length can be designed. That is, it is possible to obtain a spring configuration in which the load variation is small with respect to the dimensional variation in the center line direction of the pressure transmission member, the piezoelectric element, the second electrode, the insulating ring, and the support member. Thereby, a highly accurate preload can be applied to the piezoelectric element, sensitivity and linearity can be improved, and a highly accurate pressure signal can be obtained.
(Effect 3)
One end of the pressure member is fixed to the pressure transmission member, the other end is fixed to the support member, and the space between the fixed portions is formed of a cylindrical portion, and becomes a double structure in cooperation with the hollow cylindrical housing. It becomes difficult to transmit the chamber temperature to the piezoelectric element, and the characteristic change of the piezoelectric element due to temperature change is suppressed. Thereby, there is an effect of suppressing a short-term temperature drift such as an inter-cycle temperature drift, and a highly accurate pressure signal can be obtained.

  Although the cylindrical portion 80b of the pressing member 80A is a thin spring portion for applying a preload to the piezoelectric element 10, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Between the fixed portions of the pressure member, the width of the cylindrical portion 80b and the position and thickness of the thin portion in the center line direction can be freely configured. In the description of the assembling method for applying the preload to the piezoelectric element, “the load is applied in the direction in which the pressure member 80A is extended using the step of the thin-walled spring portion 80b” is not limited thereto. For example, a ring-shaped groove may be provided in the cylindrical portion 80a of the pressure member 80A, and a load may be applied in the extending direction using the groove. Similarly, a notch may be provided in the cylindrical portion 80a, and a load may be applied in the extending direction using the notch.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the configuration and assembly procedure of the combustion pressure sensor 5A of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The combustion pressure sensor 5A according to the second embodiment is the same as the combustion pressure sensor 5s according to the first embodiment described above, in order to prevent bounce and wear of the contact portion between the diaphragm and the pressure transmission member. Although the transmission member is integrated, the other basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, so the same elements and the same assembly steps are assigned the same numbers, and duplicate descriptions are partially omitted. To do.

  FIG. 7A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pressure detection unit 100 of the combustion pressure sensor 5A using the diaphragm 45, and FIG. 7B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the diaphragm 45. 7A and 7B, the diaphragm 45 of the combustion pressure sensor 5A of the second embodiment is an integral configuration of the diaphragm 40 and the pressure transmission member 50 of the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, a separate configuration is formed with a portion where the protruding portion 42a of the diaphragm 40 and the pressure transmission member 50 are in contact with each other as a boundary. However, this portion is configured integrally.

  In the pressure detection unit 100, the diaphragm part (40) that is a pressure receiving part of the diaphragm 45 has the same configuration as the diaphragm 40 in the first embodiment, and a contact surface 41 b of the diaphragm 45 on the tip surface 31 a of the housing 31. Is fitted (press-fit) until they come into contact with each other, and then the abutting surface is welded. The cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the pressure transmitting portion (50) is fixed to the pressure member 80A, and the rear end surface is in contact with the piezoelectric element 10. Next, the second electrode portion 55 in contact with the piezoelectric element 10, the insulating ring 60 in contact with the second electrode portion 55, the supporting member 65 that supports the insulating ring 60, the supporting member 65, and the piezoelectric member 80 </ b> A. Since the element portion is the same as that of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. Further, the configuration and function of the signal processing unit 200 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  On the other hand, in the method for assembling the pressure detection unit 100 shown in FIG. In the step of FIG. 8A, the pressure transmission member 50 of the first embodiment is changed to a diaphragm 45 (integrated configuration) in this embodiment. The assembly procedure here is the same, but since the shape of the diaphragm 45 is large, the pressure member 60A is attached to the support member 65, the insulating ring 60, the second electrode portion 55, the piezoelectric element 10, and the pressure transmission. In the step of inserting and fixing in the order of the parts (50), it is necessary to change the shape of the jig in accordance with the shape of the diaphragm 45 when welding is performed with a preload.

  Next, differences in the assembly procedure in the step of FIG. 8B will be described. In the first embodiment, when assembling the piezoelectric element portion in the housing 31, the above-described piezoelectric element portion is inserted from the front end side of the housing 31 to the farthest side. Next, it is a step of fitting (press-fitting) the diaphragm 40 to the front end portion 31a of the housing 31 with an interference fit using the entry portion 41a as a guide. However, in the second embodiment, the piezoelectric element portion is automatically positioned at the same time as the diaphragm 45 is fitted (press-fitted) into the front end portion 31a of the housing 31 with the entry portion 41a as a guide. Therefore, the process of measuring the contact between the diaphragm 40 and the pressure transmission member 50 becomes unnecessary, and the welding 2 and the welding 3 can be performed simultaneously. Next, in the step of FIG. 8C, the assembly process of the pressure detection unit 100 and subsequent steps are the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. Thus, the combustion pressure sensor 5A according to the second embodiment is obtained.

[Effects of Second Embodiment]
(Effect 1)
With the above configuration, the combustion pressure sensor 5A has the diaphragm portion (40) and the pressure transmission portion (50) of the diaphragm 45 that are integrated with each other. A step of positioning while measuring is not required. As a result, there is no variation in the positions of the diaphragm part and the pressure transmission part, and the pressure is transmitted with high accuracy.
(Effect 2)
When knocking or the like occurs in the combustion process of the internal combustion engine, excessive pressure fluctuation occurs along with abnormal combustion. At that time, in the detection part of the combustion pressure sensor, a bounce is generated at the contact surface between the diaphragm and the pressure transmission member, pressure is not accurately transmitted between the diaphragm and the pressure transmission member, and the contact part is worn out. Such a phenomenon occurs. However, in the second embodiment, since the diaphragm part (40) and the pressure transmission part (50) are integrally formed, no bounce occurs in the contact part, and no wear occurs. Thereby, a highly accurate and highly reliable pressure signal can be obtained.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, the configuration and assembly procedure of the combustion pressure sensor 5B of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The combustion pressure sensor 5B of the third embodiment is a range of the thin spring portion 80b (see FIG. 5B) that is a load adjusting portion of the pressure member 80A in the combustion pressure sensor 5A of the second embodiment described above. Is the one that was in the center and spread across the fixed part. Since other basic configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a part of the overlapping description is omitted.

  FIG. 9A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pressure detector 100 of the combustion pressure sensor 5B using the pressurizing member 80B, and FIG. 9B is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressurizing member 80B. 9 (a) and 9 (b), this embodiment is different from the combustion pressure sensor 5A of the second embodiment in that the structure of the pressurizing member 80B is different, and accordingly the shape of the thin spring portion and The fixing method of the pressure member 80B and the support member 65 is different. In the load adjusting portion of the pressing member 80A, the thin spring portion 80b (see FIG. 5B) is in the central portion, but in the present embodiment, the configuration is widened between the fixed portions.

  In the pressure detection unit 100, the cylindrical portion of the pressure member 80 </ b> B is passed from the rear end side of the support member 65, and the fixing portion 80 c of the pressure member 80 </ b> B is attached to the ring-shaped protrusion 65 a formed on the outer periphery of the support member 65. Is fixed (welded). Next, the insulating ring 60, the second electrode portion 55, the piezoelectric element 10, and the diaphragm 45 are inserted in this order from the distal end side of the pressure member 80B.

  Next, a preload is applied to increase the sensitivity and linearity of the piezoelectric element 10. In this case, an assembly jig (not shown) may be used. Set the aforementioned assembly on the assembly jig. Next, the support member 65 and the pressure transmission member 50 apply a predetermined load in a direction in which the support member 65 and the pressure transmission member 50 are pressed against each other in the center line direction, and simultaneously apply a load in a direction in which the pressure member 80B is extended (center line direction). When the amount of displacement in the center line direction of the pressure member 80B reaches a predetermined length, the engagement portion between the cylindrical portion 80a of the pressure member 80B and the pressure transmission portion (50) of the diaphragm 45 is fixed. (welding). As a result, the fixed portions on both the diaphragm 45 side and the support member 65 side are welded.

  As a fixing method, a method of irradiating a laser beam over the entire circumference in the direction of the center line may be adopted as in the first and second embodiments. Further, as a method of applying a load in the direction in which the pressurizing member 80B is extended (center line direction), a stepped portion is provided at a position avoiding the welded portion in the thin spring portion 80b formed on the pressurizing member 80B. It is good also as a structure, and you may utilize by providing a notch for exclusive use in the cylindrical part 80a. As a result, a preload is applied to the piezoelectric element 10. Next, since the assembly process of the pressure detector 100 is the same as the process of the first and second embodiments, detailed description thereof is omitted. Thus, the combustion pressure sensor 5B according to the third embodiment is obtained.

[Effect of the third embodiment]
(Effect 1)
With the above configuration, the combustion pressure sensor 5B includes a diaphragm in which the pressure receiving portion and the pressure transmission portion are integrated, one end fixed to the pressure transmission member, the other end fixed to the support member, and the fixed portion between the fixed portions from the cylindrical portion. In the configuration with the pressurizing member in which the cylindrical portion is a load adjusting portion, the entire fixed portion can be used as a spring portion. Thereby, a spring with a smaller load change can be designed with respect to the change in length. That is, it is possible to obtain a spring means with less load variation with respect to the dimensional variation in the center line direction of the pressure transmission member, the piezoelectric element, the second electrode, the insulating ring, and the support member. As a result, a highly accurate preload can be applied to the piezoelectric element, and a highly accurate pressure signal can be obtained with improved sensitivity and linearity.
(Effect 2)
The pressure member has one end fixed to the pressure transmission member, the other end fixed to the support member, and the support member side is made of a cylindrical part. it can. Accordingly, a simple cylindrical shape (pipe) that does not require a latching portion can be adopted as the shape of the pressure member. Thereby, it can be set as the structure which employ | adopted the low cost pressurization member.

  In the third embodiment, the diaphragm is configured such that the pressure receiving portion and the pressure transmitting portion are integrated, but the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. Initially, the diaphragm 40 and the pressure transmission member 50 can be configured separately (FIG. 5). First, a latching step is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the pressure transmission member 50, and a ring-shaped protrusion is provided on the inner periphery of the pressure member 80B on the tip surface side so that they can be latched. In that configuration, welding is employed for fixing on the support member side. Next, after the both ends of the pressure member are fixed, the contact portion between the diaphragm 40 and the pressure transmission member 50 can be joined by welding. Thereby, even if it is a diaphragm of integral structure finally, the combination of a latch and welding can be chosen freely, and the effect of the diaphragm of integral structure is acquired.

[Fourth to eighth embodiments]
Next, the structure, assembly procedure, and effects of the combustion pressure sensors (5C, 5D, 5E, 5F, and 5G) of the fourth to eighth embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. In each configuration of the combustion pressure sensors (5C, 5D, 5E, 5F, and 5G) of the fourth to eighth embodiments, one end is fixed to the pressure transmission member, the other end is fixed to the support member, and the space between the fixed portions is cylindrical. In the structure which consists of a part and made the cylindrical part into the load adjustment part, the typical structure example is shown in the spring structure of a pressurization member, the spring part position, the welding method of a fixing | fixed part, and its combination.

[Fourth Embodiment]
First, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pressure detection unit 100 of the combustion pressure sensor 5C using the pressurizing member 80C, and FIG. 10B is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressurizing member 80C. The fourth embodiment is different from the combustion pressure sensor 5A according to the second embodiment in that the center spring portion has a bellows-like spring structure in the structure of the pressurizing member 80C, and is fixed. The method is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the support member 65 side is fixed and the diaphragm 45 side is fixed by welding. Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Thereby, the combustion pressure sensor 5C according to the fourth embodiment is obtained.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pressure detection unit 100 of the combustion pressure sensor 5D using the pressure member 80D, and FIG. 11B is a plan view of the pressure member 80D. The fifth embodiment differs from the combustion pressure sensor 5A according to the second embodiment in that, in the structure of the pressurizing member 80D, the spring portion at the center has a spring structure with a plurality of notches and a plurality of plate portions. The fixing method is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the supporting member 65 side is latched and the diaphragm 45 side is fixed by welding. Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Thereby, the combustion pressure sensor 5D according to the fifth embodiment is obtained.

[Sixth Embodiment]
Next, a sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 12A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pressure detection unit 100 of the combustion pressure sensor 5E using the pressurizing member 80E, and FIG. 12B is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressurizing member 80E. The sixth embodiment is different from the combustion pressure sensor 5A according to the second embodiment in that the center spring portion has a coiled spring structure in the structure of the pressurizing member 80E, and is fixed. The method is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the support member 65 side is fixed and the diaphragm 45 side is fixed by welding. Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Thereby, the combustion pressure sensor 5E according to the sixth embodiment is obtained.

[Seventh Embodiment]
Next, a seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 13A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pressure detector 100 of the combustion pressure sensor 5F using the pressurizing member 80F, and FIG. 13B is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressurizing member 80F. The seventh embodiment differs from the combustion pressure sensor 5A according to the second embodiment in that, in the structure of the pressurizing member 80F, the spring portion has a thin plate-like spring structure, and the spring portion is the support member 65. The fixing method is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the supporting member 65 side is latched and the diaphragm 45 side is fixed by welding. Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Thereby, the combustion pressure sensor 5F according to the seventh embodiment is obtained.

[Eighth Embodiment]
Next, an eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 14A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pressure detection unit 100 of the combustion pressure sensor 5G using the pressure member 80G, and FIG. 14B is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressure member 80G. The eighth embodiment differs from the combustion pressure sensor 5A according to the second embodiment in that the spring portion has a thin plate-like spring structure in the structure of the pressure member 80G, and the spring portion is the support member 65. In addition, the fixing method is the same as in the third embodiment, and both the support member 65 side and the diaphragm 45 side are fixing methods by welding. Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Thereby, the combustion pressure sensor 5G according to the eighth embodiment is obtained.

[Effects of Fourth to Eighth Embodiments]
In the fourth to eighth embodiments, the load adjusting portion of the pressure member includes a thin plate-like spring portion, a bellows-like spring portion, a spring portion including a plurality of notches and a plurality of plate portions, and a coil-like spring portion. Therefore, a spring means having a small load change with respect to a change in length can be obtained. For this reason, a spring configuration with less load variation can be obtained with respect to the dimensional variation in the center line direction of each member between the diaphragm 45 and the support member 65. Thereby, a highly accurate preload can be applied to the piezoelectric element, sensitivity and linearity can be improved, and a highly accurate pressure signal can be obtained.
Further, in the two fixing parts of the pressure member, the fixing part on the diaphragm side employs a fixing method by welding, and the fixing part on the support member side uses a fixing method by latching or a fixing method by welding. Thereby, since the fixing method of a pressurization member can be selected according to an assembly method, manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

In the load adjusting portion of the pressurizing member, the position of the spring portion is the center portion or the support member side, but is not limited to such a form. The position of the spring portion may be on the diaphragm side.
Moreover, although the thickness of the spring part of the pressurizing member is reduced to provide a step, the present invention is not limited to such a form. The spring part and the fixed part may have the same thickness, or conversely, the spring part may be thick. In addition, in the two fixing parts of the pressure member, the fixing part on the diaphragm side adopts a fixing method by welding, and the fixing part on the support member side uses a fixing method by latching or a fixing method by welding. It is not limited to such a form. The diaphragm side may be fixed by latching.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine 2 Cylinder block 2a Cylinder 3 Piston 4 Cylinder head 4a Communication hole 5, 5s, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E, 5F, 5G Combustion pressure sensor 6 Control apparatus 7 Seal member 8 Transmission cable 8a Connector 10 Piezoelectric element 10a Electrode-side end surface 21 of piezoelectric element 21 Circuit board portion 21b First connection pin 21c Second connection pin 22 Conductive member 23 Insulating member 24 O-ring 31 Housing 32 Housing 40 Diaphragm 45 Integrated diaphragm 50 Pressure transmission member (first Electrode part)
55 Second electrode portion 60 Insulating ring 65 Support member 70 Coil springs 80A, 80B, 80C, 80D, 80E, 80F, 80G Pressure member 100 Pressure detection unit 200 Signal processing unit 210 Printed wiring board 300 Holding member

Claims (7)

In the combustion pressure sensor, comprising: a pressure detection unit that generates an electrical signal in response to combustion pressure in the combustion chamber; a signal processing unit that processes the detection signal; and a transmission unit that transmits the detection signal to the signal processing unit. The portion is a hollow cylindrical housing, a diaphragm disposed at a pressure receiving side tip of the hollow cylindrical housing, an axial direction in the housing, and a pressure transmission member that transmits the pressure of the diaphragm, A piezoelectric element that contacts the rear end of the pressure transmission member; a support member that supports the rear end of the piezoelectric element; and one end fixed to the pressure transmission member and the other end fixed to the support member, and between the two fixing portions. A pressure member made of a cylindrical portion, and the pressure member has a load adjusting portion made of a spring portion that is displaced in the in-plane direction of the cylindrical portion and in the axial direction. Sensor.   The combustion pressure sensor according to claim 1, wherein the load adjusting portion provided in the pressure member is a thin spring portion.   2. The combustion pressure according to claim 1, wherein the load adjusting portion provided in the pressurizing member is a spring portion including a plurality of notches and a plurality of plate portions positioned between the notches. Sensor. 4. The combustion pressure according to claim 3, wherein the load adjusting portion includes a plurality of notches and a plurality of spring portions including a plurality of plate portions positioned between the notches in the axial direction. 5. Sensor.   The combustion pressure sensor according to claim 1, wherein the load adjusting portion provided on the pressurizing member is a coiled spring portion.   The combustion pressure sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the load adjusting portion provided on the pressurizing member is provided on the support member side from the center of the cylindrical portion.   The combustion pressure sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the diaphragm and the pressure transmission member are integrally formed.

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