JP5953257B2 - Lubricating state detection device for rotating shaft - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a detection device for a lubrication state of a driven body such as a large winding drum that winds a rope and a rotating shaft such as a driving shaft of a driving device of a large crane, more specifically, an output shaft of a reduction gear The present invention relates to a detection device that generates a sound to notify a malfunction in a lubrication state of a connecting member of a device in which a winding drum or the like is connected via a connecting member such as a gear coupling.

  An example of a large container crane to which the present invention can be preferably applied, particularly usable in a harbor will be described.

  In a harbor, a container yard, etc., as shown in attached FIG. 8, a container crane 22 that travels on a rail laid in parallel with a quay 21 provided alongside the container yard 20 is disposed. The container 24 mounted on the container ship 23 berthing is gripped and lifted by the lifting tool 25 of the container crane 22, and the traverser 22g that moves the boom 22d inherits the container 24. The traverser 22g The trolley 22i on the girder 22b in the central portion of the main body 22a is received and then mounted on the shear 26 waiting under the main body 22a.

  The chassis 26 moves to a predetermined container storage lane on the container yard 20 and is lifted by a yard crane (not shown) arranged here and stacked at a predetermined location on the lane. Next, the usual cargo handling operation is to lift the container 24 that has been stacked by the yard crane, transfer it to a truck, and transfer it to a predetermined delivery destination by the truck.

  The container crane 22 is provided with a girder 22b fixed laterally on the upper part of a main body 22a built in a frame shape, and a boom 22d via a hinge part 22c at the seaside tip of the girder 22b. A machine room 22K is installed above the main body 22a (or on the girder 22b), and cockpits 22e and 22h are provided below the boom 22d (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  As is well known, the container crane 22 is a large structure. For example, in the case of a container crane 22 for 60 tons, the height of the girder 22b from the ground is 35 to 45 m, the length of the girder 22b is 50 m, and the boom 22d. The length of the crane is 30 m, and the weight of the crane 22 as a whole is a heavy object of 1300 tons or more.

  Moreover, the machine room 22K is 45m to 120m away from the cockpit 22e located below the boom 22d and the cockpit 22h located below the girder 22b, and goes from the cockpit to the machine room 22K. Is quite troublesome. In addition, when the inside of the machine room 22K is not in a cargo handling state, each device is in a stationary state. In the cargo handling state, the take-up drum rotates and winds up the rope at the same time. Therefore, it is dangerous to check the state of each device in the winding drum and the machine room 22K while the cargo handling operation is being performed. On the other hand, it is impossible to check whether the device emits abnormal noise when it is stationary.

  Incidentally, in the case of the container crane 22 of the above type, the trolleys 22f and 22i, the traverser 22g and the lifting mechanism are all configured to be operated via a rope. Further, in the machine room 22K provided at the upper part of the main body 22a, there are various types such as a large rotating drum (e.g., diameter: 80 to 130 cm, length: 300 cm), a speed reducer, and a control device for operating a rope. Equipment is arranged.

  (Connecting member) In the case of the container crane 22, it is common to connect the power source and a rotating drum that rotates by receiving the power through a connecting member. An example of this connecting member is “gear coupling” using “Lorentz gear”.

  This gear coupling forms a kind of spline-shaped external teeth on the drive shaft side, and has internal teeth formed on the cap-shaped member side that meshes with it. Since the gear couplings are sliding with each other in the meshed state, grease having a high viscosity is used to lubricate the tooth surfaces.

  (Difficulty in checking the gear coupling) The gear coupling cannot be checked for lubrication unless the spline provided at the tip of the drive shaft is removed. However, the rotating drum is a large structure with a large diameter and a long length, and its weight is several tons, so it is necessary to install a hoist in a small place, but this work is impossible in reality. is there.

  In general, the important method for preventing the rotation (rotation failure) of the rotating shaft and the bearing portion of the device having various rotating means is to connect the driving shaft and the rotating body to be driven. The method of positively preventing the lubricating oil from running out is employed.

  Specifically, an apparatus that arranges a washer that receives grease along a pinion gear has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 2). Further, in the case of an automobile-related transmission, a structure for forming a passage for forcibly flowing lubricating oil (for example, Patent Document 3) and a structure for forming a groove for collecting grease in a movable part are proposed (for example, Patent Document 4).

JP-A-9-315758 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-21360 JP-A-6-107010 JP-A-5-52167

  The container crane described in Patent Document 1 uses a large winding drum that operates a rope to handle a container (heavy object). However, since this winding drum has a low rotational speed and there is a situation where lubricating oil cannot be added over a long period of time, grease is used as a lubricant for the bearing. That is, a low-viscosity lubricating oil cannot be used like an automobile engine, and a high-viscosity grease that can maintain lubricity even if the number of times of lubrication is small must be used.

  Therefore, any of the structures of Patent Documents 2, 3, and 4 cannot be employed for at least a container crane. Moreover, the present condition is that the means which alert | reports that the grease with high viscosity cut | disconnected is not provided.

  (State inside machine room) The plan view of FIG. 1 shows an example of the inside of the machine room 22K of the container crane 22 shown in FIG. A room 30 is defined by surrounding a floor plate made of a striped steel plate with a wall material in which a heat insulating material is laminated on the back surface of the metal plate, and a ceiling of the metal plate laminated with the heat insulating material is closed, although not shown.

The floor plate is reinforced by reinforcing members at important points, the winding drums 1 and 1 are pivotally supported on the portion where the foundation member is disposed, and the winding tram 1 is driven by the electric motor 2 and the speed reducer 3 ( 4a). In addition, 32 is a hatch for entering and leaving the room 30 from below the floor, 33 is a transformer, 34 is a tool box, 36 is a locker, and 37 is an exhaust fan.

Figure 2 is a partially cut cross-sectional view showing the winding drum 1 constituting the winding device 4 which are disposed in the machine chamber 22K and (right) the power transmission portion of the reduction gear 3 in FIG.

  Output shafts (drive shafts) 5 and 5 are arranged on both sides of the speed reducer 3, and the winding drum 1 is connected and supported via a “gear coupling 6” requiring grease lubrication at the tip of the output shaft 5. Yes. A support shaft 7 protruding from the right end of the winding drum 1 is supported by a bearing 8.

  The winding drum 1 has a number of rope grooves 9 for determining the position of the rope for remotely operating each member such as the trolley 22f and the hanging tool 25.

  The gear coupling 6 is a member having a function of adjusting a “step or inclination state” between the output shaft 5 and the axis of the winding drum 1, and a “Lorentz gear R” is used for this purpose. As shown in FIG. 3, the Lorentz gear R has a drum shape with a bulged central portion, and has spline-shaped protrusions (special teeth) around it. Once the coupling 6 is assembled, it cannot be easily disassembled.

  In consideration of such a special mechanism, a grease reservoir 11 is formed in a tank shape at the tip of the Lorentz gear R and the output shaft 5 and is normally filled with grease. Initially, the grease reservoir 11 is filled with a sufficient amount of grease. However, as the operation time of the crane elapses, the grease that lubricated the Lorentz gear R decreases in small amounts. As a result, the gear coupling 6 is worn and a malfunction occurs. If this state is left as it is, there is a problem that the gear coupling 6 itself is destroyed.

  The inventions described in Patent Documents 2 to 4 relate to a lubrication device for a rotating mechanism of a small device, a device that rotates slowly and quietly with a large device, and a container that can use only grease as a lubricant. It cannot be applied at all to the crane drive.

  In the case of a lubricating oil having a low viscosity, the lubricating oil path is designed on the assumption that the lubricating oil leaks to some extent. However, in the case of grease with extremely high viscosity, it is designed from the common sense that there is no risk of leakage, and from this situation, a method and device for detecting leakage of filled grease has been completely developed and proposed. There seemed to be no.

  In view of the technical circumstances, the present invention is a means capable of accurately confirming the “grease-deficient state” of the bearing portion of the rotating body rotating at a low speed, such as a winding drum of a container crane, That is, an object is to provide a device that emits a sound and notifies it.

1) An output shaft of the drive device, a connecting member provided at the tip of the output shaft, a bottomed cylindrical receiving member constituting the connecting member, and a rotating body provided with the connecting member at the shaft center. ,
Forming a space for accommodating the lubricant between the tip of the output shaft and the bottom of the receiving member;
Contains a sounding body of a size that can move in the space;
When the lubricant in the space is reduced and the sounding body is idle, the sounding body produces a sound to notify that the lubricant in the space is deficient.

  2) The output shaft is an output shaft of a driving device, the connecting member is constituted by a gear coupling including a Lorentz gear, and the rotating body is a large rotating drum.

  3) The sounding body is characterized in that it is a metal plate material that generates sound in response to an impact, a plate material having corners, or a hollow body.

  4) The rotating body is a winding drum for winding a rope for a container crane.

  When a grease reservoir is formed between the receiving member constituting the gear coupling and the tip of the output shaft in a lubricating device using grease, and a small sounding body is accommodated in the grease reservoir, there is sufficient grease No sound is generated when the sounding body rotates with grease as the rotating shaft rotates. However, when there is no grease in the grease reservoir, space is generated correspondingly, and the sounding body dances and rolls along with the movement of the rotation axis, and sounds by colliding with the periphery of the grease reservoir and the wall surface.

  If you listen carefully, you can hear the rotating shaft crying, detect when the grease is filled, and prevent seizure accidents.

  The large take-up drum of a container crane that bears a large load has a low rotation speed and a device that bears a large load for a long period of time, so it can only be lubricated with grease, but use an expensive device to remove the grease. It can be easily confirmed.

  As an application, even if it is a bearing of a rotating shaft (not limited to a large size) that uses a lubricating oil other than low-viscosity grease, a seizure accident can be prevented by applying the present invention, Naturally, it belongs to the technical scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is an example of a layout diagram in a machine room of a container crane. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a DD portion of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the output shaft and the gear coupling portion. 4A is a front view of the hexagonal sound generator, and FIG. 4B is a side view. FIG. 5A is a front view of a rectangular sounding body, and FIG. 5B is a side view. FIG. 6 is a front view of a sounding body with a hump around the hollow sphere. FIG. 7 is a front view of a triangular pyramid-shaped sounding body. FIG. 8 is a side view showing an example of a container crane.

  FIG. 8 is a side view of a container crane 22 to which the present invention can be suitably applied. This crane 22 has a girder 22b fixed to the upper part of a main body 22a in the horizontal direction, and a hinge portion 22c at the tip of the sea side. A container crane of a type in which a boom 22d is extended, a trolley 22f and a traverser 22g are disposed on the boom 22d, and another trolley 22i is disposed below the girder 22b on the main body 22a side is shown.

  In the container landing operation, the container 24 mounted on the container ship 23 is lifted by the lifting tool 25 of the trolley 22f on the boom 22d side, transferred to the waiting traverser 22g, and this traverser 22g travels to the land side. Then, the suspension tool 25 of another trolley 22i that is waiting is transferred to the chassis 26 that is waiting at the lower part of the main body 22a, and is transported to a predetermined lane on the container yard 20 by this chassis 26, Stack up.

  A machine room 22K in question is installed in the upper part of the main body 22a of the container crane 22, and the handling operation is performed by winding or unwinding a rope around the winding drum 1 with the mechanical machine 22K as a center.

  The arrangement of the machine room 22K is as described with reference to FIG. 1, and the structure of the “D” portion of this figure is partially shown in FIG. 2, and the “C” portion of FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view.

As shown in FIG. 3, a gear coupling 6 is connected to the tip of the output shaft 4 of the speed reducer 3, and the winding drum 1 is driven through the gear coupling 6. A “Lorentz gear R” is provided at the tip of the output shaft 5, and a cap-shaped receiving member 6 a of a cylindrical gear coupling 6 with a bottom is provided via the Lorentz gear R. And the rotation of the output shaft 5 is transmitted to the winding drum 1. Now, the output shaft 5 and the gear coupling 6 are fixed in the rotational direction, but a slight angle change or shaft center between the shaft center of the winding drum 1 and the shaft shaft of the output shaft 5 is possible. Power transmission can be accurately performed in an “eccentric state” in which a step is generated.

  A grease reservoir 11 is formed at the tip of the output shaft 5 and the bottom of the receiving hole of the gear coupling 6 so as to be larger than the receiving hole. The grease reservoir 11 is applied in the present invention. A sounding body 13 "is accommodated in a freely movable manner.

  Specifically, the diameter of the winding drum 1 is 80 to 130 cm, the length is 300 cm, the diameter of the output shaft 5 is 80 to 130 cm, and the rotation of the winding drum 1 is 10 to 100 rpm. The diameter of the grease reservoir 11 is 1 to 10% larger than the diameter of the output shaft 5, and is formed between the tip of the output shaft 5 and the bottom of the hole opened in the receiving member 6a. The width of the grease reservoir 11 is 2 to 10 mm.

The sounding body 13 is in a state of “grease running out” adopted in the present invention, that is, the grease accumulated in the grease reservoir 11 inside the gear coupling 6 fixed to the winding drum 1 decreases with time, and finally. It is a member that emits a small sound such as “Karan, Karan, Koton” when it becomes empty and the sounding body 13 is lifted along with the rotation of the output shaft 5 and peeled off.

  The sounding body 13 can be used in any shape and structure as long as it is a “member that emits sound by the rotation of the output shaft 5 in the grease reservoir 11”.

  4 (A) and 4 (B) show the shape of the first example of the sounding body 13, which is a hexagonal sounding body shown in a front view (A) and a side view (B) and is rust-proofed. Manufactured using a metal plate.

  FIGS. 5A and 5B show a structure in which two metal plates each having a rectangular outer shape and having a bulge at the center are bonded together.

  FIG. 6 shows a number of bumps protruding around a hollow sphere. Further, FIG. 7 shows a triangular pyramid.

  The sound generator 13 is a gear coupling such as a polygonal shape, a spherical shape with a bump, a pyramid shape, or a simple disc shape so as to dance in the grease reservoir 11 and make a loud sound as much as possible. 6 of the receiving member 6a, which dances with the rotation of the output shaft 5 and emits sound, has the property of reacting with the grease filled in the grease reservoir 11 and deteriorates, around the sounding body 13 Materials with properties that make it difficult to peel off or separate due to the adhesion of grease should be avoided. In this sense, the material of the sounding body 13 is most suitable for metal.

  If the sounding body 13 is accommodated in the grease reservoir 11 that rotates together with the winding drum 1 as described above, the sounding body 13 is linked to the rotation of the output shaft 5 when the grease is cut. You can dance and move freely in the grease reservoir 11, and you can pronounce the small but pronounced grease by sound. In addition, when the sound of the sounding body 13 is small, a simple amplifying device may be provided, or a notification device may be provided in some cases.

  The present invention is a rotating shaft of a large-sized device described in the embodiment, and the device that detects the lubrication state of the rotating shaft of a device that cannot easily observe and disassemble and clean the operating state by a small sound emitted by a sounding body. However, the present invention can also be applied to an apparatus using a material having a low viscosity other than grease.

  In addition, even if the device is not necessarily large and is a medium-sized or small-sized device, it can be effectively applied as long as it is a device that can sense the lubrication state of the rotating shaft by sound.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Winding drum 2 Electric motor 3 Reduction gear 4 Winding device 5 Output shaft 6 Gear coupling 6a Receiving member 7 Support shaft 8 Bearing 11 Grease reservoir 13 Sounding body 22 Container crane 22K Machine room 24 Container R Lorentz gear

Claims (4)

An output shaft of the drive device, a connecting member provided at the tip of the output shaft, a bottomed cylindrical receiving member constituting the connecting member, and a rotating body provided with the connecting member at the shaft center;
Forming a space for accommodating the lubricant between the tip of the output shaft and the bottom of the receiving member;
Contains a sounding body of a size that can move in the space;
When the lubricant in the space decreases and the sounding body moves freely, the sounding body emits a sound and informs that the lubricant in the space is insufficient. apparatus.   2. The output shaft according to claim 1, wherein the output shaft is an output shaft of a driving device, the connecting member is configured by a gear coupling including a Lorentz gear, and the rotating body is a large rotating drum. Rotation shaft lubrication state detection device.   3. The lubrication state detection device for a rotating shaft according to claim 1, wherein the sounding body is a metal plate material that generates sound in response to an impact, a plate material having a corner, and a hollow body. The said rotary body is a winding drum for winding up the rope for container cranes, The lubrication state detection apparatus of the rotating shaft in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned .

Images