JP5948753B2 - Mirror for vehicle and vehicle equipped with this vehicle mirror - Google Patents
Mirror for vehicle and vehicle equipped with this vehicle mirror Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5948753B2 JP5948753B2 JP2011164196A JP2011164196A JP5948753B2 JP 5948753 B2 JP5948753 B2 JP 5948753B2 JP 2011164196 A JP2011164196 A JP 2011164196A JP 2011164196 A JP2011164196 A JP 2011164196A JP 5948753 B2 JP5948753 B2 JP 5948753B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- mirror
- reflecting surface
- vehicle mirror
- driver
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Description
本発明は、車両のサイド側の死角を視認することが可能な車両用ミラー及びこの車両用ミラーを備えた車両に関する。 The present invention relates to a vehicle mirror capable of visually recognizing a blind spot on the side of a vehicle and a vehicle including the vehicle mirror.
従来から、車両のサイド側の死角を視認することが可能な車両用ミラーを、サブピラー近傍の三角形状の窓部であってかつ車室内に設けたものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vehicle mirror capable of visually recognizing a blind spot on the side of a vehicle is known, which is a triangular window near a sub-pillar and provided in a vehicle interior (for example, Patent Document 1). reference.).
その特許文献１に開示の車両用ミラーによれば、車両走行時の空気抵抗の減少を図りつつ、車両のサイド側の死角を視認することが可能である。 According to the vehicle mirror disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is possible to visually recognize the blind spot on the side of the vehicle while reducing the air resistance when the vehicle travels.
ところで、この種の車両用ミラーでは、図1に示す車両用ミラー１の近傍に存在する物体Aは、図２に模式的に示すように、物体Aの虚像A’が車両ミラー１に関して物体Aと対称位置に存在するため、ドライバーにとっては、物体Aが車両用ミラー１の下方部位A”に見え、車両用ミラー１から遠くに存在する物体Bは、物体Bの虚像B’が車両ミラー１に関して物体Bと対称位置に存在するため、ドライバーにとっては、物体Bが車両用ミラー１の上方部位B”に見える。 By the way, in this type of vehicle mirror, the object A existing in the vicinity of the vehicle mirror 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a virtual image A ′ of the object A with respect to the vehicle mirror 1 as schematically shown in FIG. Therefore, for the driver, the object A appears as a lower part A ″ of the vehicle mirror 1, and the object B located far from the vehicle mirror 1 has a virtual image B ′ of the object B as the vehicle mirror 1. Therefore, the object B appears to the upper part B ″ of the vehicle mirror 1 for the driver.
このため、車両用ミラー１に上から下に向かって映っている物体A、Bの並びの向きが、通常、上方が前方に対応しかつ下方が後方に対応するという人間の感覚的な認識順序と異なることになる。このため、車両の前方の方向と車両用ミラー１に映っている物体の並びの方向とが一致せず、ドライバーは、感覚的な違和感を生じる。 For this reason, the order of the arrangement of the objects A and B reflected on the vehicle mirror 1 from the top to the bottom is usually a human sensory recognition order in which the upper side corresponds to the front and the lower side corresponds to the rear. And will be different. For this reason, the direction ahead of the vehicle and the direction of the arrangement of the objects reflected on the vehicle mirror 1 do not match, and the driver feels uncomfortable.
本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みて為されたもので、その目的とするところは、車両用ミラーに映る物体の並びの方向と車両の前後方向とを人間の感覚的な認識順序に極力対応させることが可能な車両用ミラー及びこの車両用ミラーを備えた車両を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to correspond as much as possible to the human sensory recognition order of the arrangement direction of objects reflected on the vehicle mirror and the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle mirror and a vehicle including the vehicle mirror.
本発明の車両用ミラーは、所定方向に延びる反射面を有し、所定平面に対して直交する直交面内での断面形状が凸曲面とされ、かつ、直交面に対して直交する所定平面内での断面形状が凹曲面とされ、前記所定平面が水平方向となるように前記反射面を配置するとともに、車両の助手席側の三角窓の近傍に設けられてドライバが直接直視する車両用ミラーであって、
前記反射面は水平方向側が長手とされ、
前記反射面の左側の部分の凸曲面の曲率半径を大きくし、前記反射面の右側に向かうに伴ってその曲率半径を小さくすることを特徴とする。
The vehicle mirror of the present invention has a reflecting surface extending in a predetermined direction, the cross-sectional shape in the orthogonal plane orthogonal to the predetermined plane is a convex curved surface, and in the predetermined plane orthogonal to the orthogonal plane The vehicle mirror is arranged in the vicinity of a triangular window on the passenger seat side of the vehicle and is directly viewed by the driver while the cross-sectional shape is a concave curved surface and the predetermined plane is in the horizontal direction. Because
The reflective surface is elongated in the horizontal direction side,
The radius of curvature of the convex surface of the left part of the front Symbol reflecting surface is increased, characterized by decreasing the radius of curvature with the toward the right side of the reflecting surface.
本発明に係る車両用ミラーを、車両の前方から車両の後方をドライバーが視認できるようにしてかつ車両の前方がドライバーに近い側の反射面上部位に写り込み、車両の後方がドライバーから遠い側の反射面下部位に写り込むようにして、車両の三角窓形状の近傍に設ければ、車両用ミラーに映る物体の並びの方向と車両の前後方向とを人間の感覚的な認識順序に極力対応させることができる。 The vehicle mirror according to the present invention is such that the driver can visually recognize the rear of the vehicle from the front of the vehicle, and the front of the vehicle is reflected on the reflection surface portion near the driver, and the rear of the vehicle is the side far from the driver. If it is provided in the vicinity of the triangular window shape of the vehicle so that it appears in the lower part of the reflecting surface of the vehicle, the direction of the arrangement of objects reflected in the vehicle mirror and the front-rear direction of the vehicle are made to correspond to the human sensory recognition order as much as possible. be able to.
図３は本発明の実施例に係る車両用ミラーが取り付けられている車両の一例を示す斜視図であり、図４は本発明の実施例に係る車両用ミラーの一例を拡大して示す斜視図である。この車両用ミラーに従来例と同様の符号１を付して以下に説明する。 FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a vehicle to which a vehicle mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing an example of a vehicle mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is. This vehicle mirror will be described below with the same reference numeral 1 as in the conventional example.
車両用ミラー１は、図４に示すように所定方向（例えば、水平方向）に延びる反射面２を有する。この反射面２は所定平面（例えば、水平面）Hに対して直交する直交面（例えば、垂直面）V内での断面形状が図５に示すように凸曲面３とされている。かつ、この反射面２は直交面Vに対して直交する所定平面H内での断面形状が図６に示すように凹曲面４とされている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the vehicle mirror 1 has a reflective surface 2 that extends in a predetermined direction (for example, the horizontal direction). The reflecting surface 2 has a convex curved surface 3 as shown in FIG. 5 having a cross-sectional shape in an orthogonal surface (for example, vertical surface) V orthogonal to a predetermined plane (for example, horizontal surface) H. The reflecting surface 2 has a concave curved surface 4 as shown in FIG. 6 in the cross-sectional shape in a predetermined plane H orthogonal to the orthogonal surface V.
すなわち、この車両用ミラー１は、非球面の反射面２を有する。その凸曲面３及びその凹曲面４の曲率半径ρは８０ミリメートルから２００ミリメートルまでの範囲内に存在することが望ましい。なお、その図５、図６において、符号Rは鏡軸O上に存在する曲率中心を示している。 That is, the vehicle mirror 1 has an aspherical reflecting surface 2. It is desirable that the curvature radius ρ of the convex curved surface 3 and the concave curved surface 4 be in the range from 80 millimeters to 200 millimeters. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the symbol R indicates the center of curvature existing on the mirror axis O.
その車両用ミラー１を取り付けるための取付け具６が、図７、図８に示すように、車両の三角窓５の近傍部位７のインストルメントパネル部分に設けられている。この車両用ミラー１は、取付け具６に図７、図８に示すように、車両の前方から車両の後方をドライバーが視認できるようにしてかつ車両の前方がドライバーに近い側の反射面上部位に写り込み、車両の後方がドライバーから遠い側の反射面下部位に写り込むようにして取り付けられる。 A fixture 6 for mounting the vehicle mirror 1 is provided on the instrument panel portion of the vicinity 7 of the triangular window 5 of the vehicle, as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the vehicle mirror 1 is configured so that the driver can visually recognize the rear of the vehicle from the front of the vehicle and the front of the vehicle is near the driver as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. It is mounted so that the rear of the vehicle is reflected in the lower part of the reflecting surface on the side far from the driver.
なお、その図３において、C１、C２、C３は車両サイドの近傍に存在する回避対象物を模式的に説明するためのポールである。このポールC1、C2、C3は車両の前方から後方に向かって並んでいるものとする。また、その図７、図８において、符号８はフロントウインドウを示している。 In FIG. 3, C1, C2, and C3 are poles for schematically explaining the avoidance target existing in the vicinity of the vehicle side. The poles C1, C2, and C3 are arranged from the front to the rear of the vehicle. Moreover, in FIG. 7, FIG. 8, the code | symbol 8 has shown the front window.
反射面２が平面や凸面の車両用ミラー１によれば、例えば、図９に示す凸面の反射面２のような場合、反射面下方部位１aに車両前方に存在するポールC1が写り込み、ついで、ポールC２が反射面中部部位１ｂに写り込み、反射面上方部位１ｃに車両後方に存在するポールC３が写り込む。 According to the vehicle mirror 1 having a flat or convex reflecting surface 2, for example, in the case of the convex reflecting surface 2 shown in FIG. 9, the pole C1 existing in the front of the vehicle is reflected in the lower portion 1a of the reflecting surface. The pole C2 is reflected in the central part 1b of the reflecting surface, and the pole C3 existing behind the vehicle is reflected in the reflecting surface upper part 1c.
このため、車両用ミラー１に映る物体の並びの方向と車両の前後方向とを人間の感覚的な認識順序とが一致せず、ドライバーを幻惑して、ドライバーが回避対象物に対する位置認識を誤るおそれがある For this reason, the direction of the arrangement of the objects reflected on the vehicle mirror 1 and the front-rear direction of the vehicle do not match the human sensory recognition order, the driver is dazzled, and the driver misrecognizes the position of the avoidance target. Fear
これに対して、この車両用ミラー1によれば、図１０に模式的に示すように、車両後方に存在するポールC３からの矢印X１で示す光束は、ドライバーから遠い側の反射面下方部位１aにおいて反射されてドライバーの目が存在する方向に向かい、車両前方に存在するポールC１からの矢印X2で示す光束は、ドライバーに近い側の反射面上方部位１ｃにおいて反射されてドライバーの目が存在する方向に向かうこととなる。なお、図１０はポールＣ１〜Ｃ３と車両用ミラー１とドライバーの目の位置関係を平面視的に示した模式図である。 On the other hand, according to the vehicle mirror 1, as schematically shown in FIG. 10, the light beam indicated by the arrow X1 from the pole C3 existing at the rear of the vehicle is reflected from the lower part 1a of the reflecting surface far from the driver. The light beam indicated by the arrow X2 from the pole C1 existing in the front of the vehicle is reflected at the upper portion 1c of the reflection surface near the driver and is present in the driver's eyes. Will head in the direction. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the poles C1 to C3, the vehicle mirror 1, and the eyes of the driver in plan view.
従って、この車両用ミラー１によれば、図７に示すように、ドライバーから遠い側の反射面下方部位１aには車両後方に存在するポールC３が写り込み、ドライバーに近い側の反射面上方部位１ｃには車両前方に存在するポールC１が写り込むことになり、車両用ミラー１に映る物体としてのポールC1、C2、C3の並びの方向と車両の前後方向とを人間の感覚的な認識順序に極力対応させることができる。 Therefore, according to the vehicle mirror 1, as shown in FIG. 7, the pole C3 existing behind the vehicle is reflected in the lower part 1a of the reflecting surface far from the driver, and the upper part of the reflecting surface near the driver is reflected. The pole C1 existing in the front of the vehicle is reflected in 1c, and the order in which the poles C1, C2, and C3 are arranged as objects reflected on the vehicle mirror 1 and the front-rear direction of the vehicle is perceived by human senses. As much as possible.
この場合に、車両用ミラー１の取付け位置、取付け角度を工夫すれば、物体が車両用ミラー１に前から後ろに向かって写っている方向と車両の前後方向とをより一層一致させることができる。
例えば、図７において、車両用ミラー１全体を鏡軸O（図４参照）を中心として、反時計方向に傾けると、車両の前後の方向と物体の並びの方向とが一致し、従って、ドライバーが物体の並びの方向をより一層理解し易いものとなる。
In this case, if the mounting position and mounting angle of the vehicle mirror 1 are devised, the direction in which the object is reflected on the vehicle mirror 1 from the front to the rear and the front-rear direction of the vehicle can be made to coincide with each other. .
For example, in FIG. 7, when the entire vehicle mirror 1 is tilted counterclockwise about the mirror axis O (see FIG. 4), the front-rear direction of the vehicle coincides with the direction of the arrangement of the objects. This makes it easier to understand the direction of the arrangement of objects.
また、上下方向に関して反射面２を凸曲面３により構成しているので、上下が逆さまに映ることも防止できる。
なお、ドライバーの目の高さや運転席の前後方向の位置を変えることにより、車両用ミラー１に写っている物体の見える範囲が変わる。
Further, since the reflecting surface 2 is constituted by the convex curved surface 3 with respect to the vertical direction, it is possible to prevent the image from being reflected upside down.
It should be noted that by changing the height of the driver's eyes and the position of the driver's seat in the front-rear direction, the visible range of the object reflected on the vehicle mirror 1 changes.
以上、実施例の車両用ミラー１においては、所定方向に延びる反射面２の凹曲面４の曲率半径ρを８０ミリメートルないし２００ミリメートルとしたが、本発明は、これに限られるものではなく、その車両用ミラー１を車両の三角窓５の近傍部位７に取り付けた際に、車両外側となる凸曲面３の曲率半径ρを部分的に例えば５００ミリメートルに設計すると共に車両内側に向かうに伴ってその曲率半径ρが連続的に２００ミリメートル〜８０ミリメートルに変化するように設計する。
凸曲面３の曲率半径ρが一定の場合には、車両用ミラー１の車両外側となる部位に写る物体が車両後方に存在するため、車両内側となる部位に写る物体よりも小さく写ることになるが、このように、車両内側から車両外側に向かって凸曲面３の曲率半径ρを連続的に大きく設計すると、車両用ミラー１に映る車両の後方の死角に存在する物体の像を凸曲面３の曲率半径ρが一定の場合に較べて大きくドライバーに提示できる。
As described above, in the vehicle mirror 1 of the embodiment, the curvature radius ρ of the concave curved surface 4 of the reflecting surface 2 extending in the predetermined direction is set to 80 millimeters to 200 millimeters, but the present invention is not limited to this. When the vehicle mirror 1 is attached to the vicinity 7 of the triangular window 5 of the vehicle, the curvature radius ρ of the convex curved surface 3 on the vehicle outer side is partially designed to be, for example, 500 mm, and as it goes toward the vehicle inner side, The curvature radius ρ is designed to continuously change from 200 millimeters to 80 millimeters.
When the curvature radius ρ of the convex curved surface 3 is constant, an object that appears in the vehicle outer portion of the vehicle mirror 1 is present behind the vehicle, and therefore appears smaller than an object that appears in the vehicle inner portion. However, when the radius of curvature ρ of the convex curved surface 3 is designed to be continuously large from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle in this way, an image of an object present in the blind spot behind the vehicle reflected on the vehicle mirror 1 is represented by the convex curved surface 3. Compared to the case where the curvature radius ρ is constant, it can be presented to the driver.
１…車両用ミラー
２…反射面
３…凸曲面
４…凹曲面
H…所定平面
V…直交面
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vehicle mirror 2 ... Reflecting surface 3 ... Convex curved surface 4 ... Concave curved surface
H: Predetermined plane
V ... Orthogonal plane
Claims (2)
前記反射面は水平方向側が長手とされ、
前記反射面の左側の部分の凸曲面の曲率半径を大きくし、前記反射面の右側に向かうに伴ってその曲率半径を小さくすることを特徴とする車両用ミラー。 The cross-sectional shape in the orthogonal plane orthogonal to the predetermined plane has a reflecting surface extending in a predetermined direction is a convex curved surface, and the cross-sectional shape in the predetermined plane orthogonal to the orthogonal plane is a concave curved surface A mirror for a vehicle that is arranged in the vicinity of a triangular window on the passenger seat side of the vehicle and directly viewed by the driver, with the reflecting surface arranged so that the predetermined plane is in a horizontal direction,
The reflective surface is elongated in the horizontal direction side,
Vehicle mirror, characterized in that to reduce the radius of curvature with the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the left part of the front Symbol reflecting surface increases toward the right side of the reflecting surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011164196A JP5948753B2 (en) | 2011-07-27 | 2011-07-27 | Mirror for vehicle and vehicle equipped with this vehicle mirror |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011164196A JP5948753B2 (en) | 2011-07-27 | 2011-07-27 | Mirror for vehicle and vehicle equipped with this vehicle mirror |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2013028217A JP2013028217A (en) | 2013-02-07 |
| JP5948753B2 true JP5948753B2 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
Family
ID=47785716
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011164196A Active JP5948753B2 (en) | 2011-07-27 | 2011-07-27 | Mirror for vehicle and vehicle equipped with this vehicle mirror |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5948753B2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2536209Y2 (en) * | 1990-02-05 | 1997-05-21 | 日産車体株式会社 | Rear monitoring device for vehicles |
| JPH10194044A (en) * | 1997-01-11 | 1998-07-28 | Sadao Hataya | Rear-view check device for vehicle |
| JP3028088B2 (en) * | 1997-07-25 | 2000-04-04 | 律夫 峯岸 | Wide-angle side mirror device |
| JPH1178698A (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 1999-03-23 | Ritsuo Minegishi | Wide-angle mirror |
| JP4655820B2 (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2011-03-23 | マツダ株式会社 | Vehicle mirror structure |
| JP2007055316A (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2007-03-08 | Mazda Motor Corp | Mirror structure of vehicle |
| JP2009029178A (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2009-02-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Mirror device |
-
2011
- 2011-07-27 JP JP2011164196A patent/JP5948753B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2013028217A (en) | 2013-02-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5291831B2 (en) | Forward viewing device | |
| EP2441620B1 (en) | Device for viewing front-lateral area of vehicle | |
| US8783920B1 (en) | Systems for indicating visibility of a blind spot to a driver | |
| JP2013237427A (en) | In-vehicle lighting device | |
| US10279735B2 (en) | Vehicle interior component | |
| JP2014169086A (en) | Rear under mirror | |
| JP2007022206A (en) | Side-view mirror for vehicle | |
| JP5948753B2 (en) | Mirror for vehicle and vehicle equipped with this vehicle mirror | |
| JP4961487B2 (en) | Vehicle rearward confirmation device | |
| JP5250015B2 (en) | Front-side visual recognition device | |
| US9290126B2 (en) | Exterior rearview mirror | |
| JP2010526722A (en) | Automotive dashboard glass | |
| JP2007055316A (en) | Mirror structure of vehicle | |
| JP5279623B2 (en) | Body side structure | |
| JP3148896U (en) | rearview mirror | |
| JP6770413B2 (en) | Vehicle interior camera mounting structure | |
| JP6178624B2 (en) | Rear under mirror of vehicle | |
| JP4932887B2 (en) | Vehicle front side visual recognition device | |
| JP5172543B2 (en) | Mirror for vehicle | |
| JP2015112955A (en) | Door mirror device for vehicle | |
| JP5576176B2 (en) | Auxiliary mirror structure of automobile | |
| JP5162526B2 (en) | Front-side visual recognition device | |
| JP5578461B1 (en) | Auxiliary mirror for forward viewing | |
| JP6151574B2 (en) | Rear under mirror of vehicle | |
| JP5700304B2 (en) | Front direction confirmation door mirror |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20140625 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20150324 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20150331 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20150527 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20151201 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20160129 |
|
| RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422 Effective date: 20160129 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20160510 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20160523 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5948753 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |